CN107288627A - Double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor oil-water two-phase flow high-moisture percentage measuring method - Google Patents
Double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor oil-water two-phase flow high-moisture percentage measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107288627A CN107288627A CN201710364691.7A CN201710364691A CN107288627A CN 107288627 A CN107288627 A CN 107288627A CN 201710364691 A CN201710364691 A CN 201710364691A CN 107288627 A CN107288627 A CN 107288627A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019476 oil-water mixture Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 21
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of two phase flow layering interfaces geometric shape measuring method, layering interfaces form for measuring the two phase flow with electrical conductivity difference, the array of parallel lines sensor used includes two groups of parallel line electrodes, one group is distributed on the same cross-section of pipeline of upstream, as exciting electrode, another group is distributed on the same cross-section of pipeline in downstream, as receiving electrode, the relative exciting electrode in position and receiving electrode constitute a pair of line electrodes, each electrode is fixed on fixture and through horizontal survey pipeline, and measuring method includes：On the premise of array of parallel lines sensor does not destroy profit layering interfaces form, the physical dimension of the array of parallel lines sensor is determined；The measurement of each line electrode pair is successively completed, a frame measurement data can be collected；The measurement response of array of parallel lines sensor is demarcated using the layering distributed mutually of air water two rested in horizontal survey pipeline.
Description
Technical field
Surveyed the present invention relates to low discharge high-water-cut oil-producing well oil-water two-phase flow production profile production in oil field dynamic research monitoring field
Well technology.
Background technology
The land low porosity and permeability oil field of China uses water flooding recovery means due to long-term so that many in low in oil well
Flow velocity highly aqueous water two phase flow production status.Low flow velocity high-water-cut oil-producing well oil-water two-phase flow moisture content is measured to carrying high-resolution
High oil recovery factor and optimization oil reservoir industry characteristics have important value.
Conductance method and capacitance measurement moisture content, conductance method and electricity being used current conventional oil well producing profile testing technology more
The frequency of appearance method pumping signal is general to be limited in below 100MHz by its measuring method, and two kinds of measuring methods are (aqueous to High water cut
The measurement of water ratio resolution ratio that rate is more than 90%) oil-water two-phase flow is low, and the adjustment of accurate instruction high water cut oil field development plan is carried
Go out challenge.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor oil-water two-phase flow high-moisture percentage measuring method.Pass through
Double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor extracts moisture content information to the pad value of microwave signal, realizes that oil-water two-phase flow is aqueous
The high resolution measurement of rate.Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor oil-water two-phase flow high-moisture percentage measuring method, for high-moisture percentage oil
Water two phase flow carries out measurement of water ratio, and the measurement apparatus used includes double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor 7, microwave signal
Source 5, directional coupler 6 and the signal condition unit with high frequency amplitude discrimination phase discriminator；Described double flat line microwave cavity is passed
Sensor includes sensor tube 1, screen layer 2, exciting electrode 3 and measuring electrode 4, and screen layer 2 is fixed on the outer of sensor tube 1
Portion, exciting electrode through sensor tube 1 and keeps vertical with receiving electrode with it, is symmetrically distributed in the section of sensor tube 1
The both sides of center line, the microwave signal that microwave signal source 5 is generated is divided into the identical signal of two-way by directional coupler, all the way directly
Amplitude discrimination one input of phase discriminator is accessed, another road is by being connected to the exciting electrode of double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor 7
3, the measuring electrode 4 of double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor 7 is connected to another input of high frequency amplitude discrimination phase discriminator 8；It is logical
Cross the detection phase signal of high frequency amplitude discrimination phase discriminator 8 and amplitude difference signal；Measuring method is as follows：
(1) using the method for finite element simulation, optimal size and the excitation of double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor are obtained
Frequency；
(2) High water cut that the double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor with optimal size is fixed on to vertical ascent is utilized
In oil-water two-phase flow oil-water two-phase flow pipeline, pass through low flow velocity highly aqueous water two phase flow dynamic experiment, collection high frequency amplitude discrimination mirror
Phase signal and amplitude difference signal that phase device is detected；
(3) the normalization pad value A expression formulas for defining fluid-mixing are：
A=(Vm-Vo)/(Vw-Vo)
In formula, Vo、VwAnd VmIt is containing the signal attenuation under rate 90%, full water and tested oil-water mixture flox condition respectively
Value；Obtain experimental correlogram version between oil-water two-phase flow signal normalization attenuation measurements and experimental calibration moisture content；
(4) when carrying out high-moisture percentage measurement, pad value processing is normalized in sensor output signal, is being measured
Obtain under the conditions of total flow, using experimental correlogram version between moisture content, calculate corresponding oil-water two-phase flow moisture content.
The present invention is due to taking above technical scheme, and it has advantages below：
(1) the double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor that the present invention is designed, can be effectively improved sensor electrode pickup, corrosion
Influence, be conducive in the permanently effective work in underground.
(2) the double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor that the present invention is designed is applicable to low flow velocity High water cut in vertical bore
Oil-water two-phase flow moisture content high-resolution is measured, and high resolution is up to 1% per 10mV.
(3) the double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor that the present invention is designed is bent using the measurement of full water number and moisture content 90%
Line edits measured value as basic value, and can substantially eliminate flow pattern influences on measurement of water ratio result.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor structure chart.
Fig. 2 is double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor local structural graph.
Fig. 3 is double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor measurement of water ratio system construction drawing.
Fig. 4 is the corresponding double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor measurement voltage signal of three kinds of flow patterns of oil-water two-phase flow, (a)
(b) (c) is respectively oil-in-water slug flow, oil-in-water bubble flow, oil-in-water fine bubble stream.
Fig. 5 is the deamplification AVHRR NDVI that double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor measures highly aqueous water two phase flow
Value and the experiment plate between the moisture content and oil-water two-phase flow total flow of experimental calibration.
Drawing reference numeral explanation：
1 sensor tube；2 screen layers；3 exciting electrodes；4 measuring electrodes；5th, microwave signal source；6th, directional coupler；7、
Double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor；8th, high frequency amplitude discrimination phase discriminator；
Embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.The double flat line microwave resonance that the invention is related to
Cavity sensor water-oil phase flow measuring method is mainly included the following steps that：
It is contemplated that current conductance method and the moisture content limitation of capacitance measurement high-water-cut oil-producing well oil-water two-phase flow are broken through,
Propose a kind of double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor measurement highly aqueous water two phase flow moisture content new method.During measurement, swash
It is 1.3GHz to encourage frequency selection, when oil-water mixture water-cut variation, the resonant frequency of sensor resonant intracavitary can occur compared with
Big change, and then the microwave signature attenuation of sensor transmissions can also change therewith, by measure the decay of microwave signal come
Calculate the moisture content of oil-water mixture.Microwave remote sensor tube wall is made using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), with good anti-stick dirty and anti-
Corrosivity, exciting electrode through test segment pipe and keeps vertical with receiving electrode with it, is symmetrically distributed in test pipeline section
Center line both sides.Teflon is scribbled outside exciting electrode and measuring electrode to prevent electrode pickup or corrosion.Whole measurement apparatus by
Copper sheet wraps up avoiding the interference of spurious electromagnetic waves.
Due to the very high frequency of microwave signal, the conductance of its exciting circuit, detection circuit and Sensor Design all with low frequency
And capacitance sensor has relatively big difference.Using electromagnetic field of high frequency finite element method to sensor electrode physical dimension (electrode
Spacing, electrode diameter) and working frequency optimize, finally realize the high score of low flow velocity high-water-cut oil-producing well two phase flow moisture content
Distinguish measurement.
The double flat line sensor that the present invention is designed is a dual-port microwave device, and signal condition unit core is amplitude discrimination
Phase discriminator (Fig. 3).In order to avoid the influence that the phase noise and amplitude of signal source drift about to measurement, the microwave letter of signal source output
Number the identical signal of two-way is divided into by directional coupler, amplitude discrimination phase discriminator is directly accessed all the way, another road passes through sensor
Amplitude discrimination phase discriminator is accessed after decay again.
The overall structure of double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor includes test segment pipe 1, screen layer 2, perpendicular to test
The exciting electrode 3 of segment pipe insertion installation, measuring electrode 4.Exciting electrode is d with measuring electrode spacing, and electrode radius is r.It is micro-
The output end of ripple signal source 5 is connected to the input of directional coupler 6, and the output end of directional coupler 6 is connected to double flat line
The exciting electrode of microwave resonant cavity sensor 7, the output of double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor 7 is connected to high frequency amplitude discrimination phase demodulation
One input of device 8.The coupled output of directional coupler 6 is connected to second input of high frequency amplitude discrimination phase discriminator 8.It is high
The output 9,10 of frequency amplitude discrimination phase discriminator 8 is connected to data acquisition equipment.
Double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor with optimal size is arranged on vertical ascent pipe with small pipe diameter water-oil phase
Flow in experimental provision, when highly aqueous water two phase flow fluid flows through sensor measured zone, to double flat line microwave cavity
Sensor output signal is nursed one's health and gathered.In data handling procedure, different flow operating mode lower sensor voltage signals are entered
Row normalization pad value processing, under the conditions of acquisition total flow has been measured, plate (Fig. 5) is measured using moisture content dynamic experiment,
Corresponding oil-water two-phase flow moisture content can be calculated.
Illustrate that double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor water-oil phase flow measuring method was embodied below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
Journey：
(1) in the present invention, double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor electrode spacing d, electrode radius r use finite element method
Optimize, arc is set up to wall microwave remote sensor three-dimensional simulation model by simulation software HFSS, as shown in Figure 3.Set and hang down
Straight increase in pipeline internal diameter D=0.02m, vertical ascent pipeline length L=0.2m, aqueous phase resistivity δw=1000 Ω m, oil phase electricity
Resistance rate δo=10e20 Ω m, copper electrode resistivity δs=5.8000e-8 Ω m.Simulation model is entered using free partition patterns
Row mesh generation, is encouraged during imposed load using constant pressure.Wherein, it is 1V that exciting electrode, which applies voltage, and characteristics of signals impedance is 50
Ohm.Simulation process is：In HFSS software modelings, an insulating pellets are put into and attached on sensor measurement section in a model
With oil phase resistivity attribute, a diameter of 0.5mm of insulating pellets.The output voltage values of exciting electrode follow the position of bead in the duct
Put different and change, therefore, the sensitivity of conductivity sensor can be calculated by the amplitude of variation of exciting electrode voltage.Bead is every
A coordinate is converted, the Sensitirity va1ue obtained at the coordinate can be calculated.The coordinate of bead is traveled through into arc to wall microwave remote sensor
All positions of detection sectional plane, obtain the sensitivity profile under the electrode size.
The present invention is using detecting field homogeneity error parameter (SVP) and sensor relative sensitivity (Savg) clever as examining
The index of sensitivity distribution.Sensor relative sensitivity (Savg) implication refer at all small spherical coordinates in section correspondence sensitivity
Average value, is defined as：
Definition measurement section homogeneity error parameter (SVP) be：
In formula, SdevFor the standard deviation of the relative sensitivity of diverse location on measurement section, it is defined as：
Obviously, SavgValue is bigger, and transducer sensitivity is higher, and SVP values are smaller, i.e., homogeneity error is smaller.Set different
Electrode length, central angle and exciting signal frequency simultaneously calculate SavgIt is special with SVP, then amplitude versus frequency characte, the phase frequency of comprehensive sensor
Property finally determine double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor electrode spacing be 7mm, electrode radius is 0.5mm, and driving frequency is
1.3GHz。
(2) by low flow velocity highly aqueous water two phase flow dynamic experiment, collection double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor is defeated
Go out voltage signal, obtain experimental correlogram version between oil-water two-phase flow signal normalization attenuation measurements and experimental calibration moisture content
(Fig. 5), specific method is as follows：
Define fluid-mixing normalization pad value A expression formulas be：
A=(Vm-Vo)/(Vw-Vo)
In formula, Vo、VwAnd VmIt is containing the signal attenuation under rate 90%, full water and tested oil-water mixture flox condition respectively
Value.
(3) pad value processing is normalized in different flow operating mode lower sensor voltage signals, obtains total having measured
Under the premise of flow, plate (Fig. 5) is measured using moisture content dynamic experiment, you can calculate corresponding water cut value.
Experimental verification and result：
The low flow velocity highly aqueous water two phase flow double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor designed using the present invention, can obtain
Measurement signal (Fig. 4), normalization pad value and the demarcation of oil-in-water slug flow, oil-in-water bubble flow and oil-in-water fine bubble stream
Plate (Fig. 5) is tested between moisture content.As can be seen that (the normalization of double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor voltage fluctuation signal
Pad value) in low discharge and High water cut with very high moisture content resolution ratio, especially when moisture content is more than 90%, it contains
Water rate measurement resolution capability is not available for other conductance methods and capacitance method, to demonstrate the oil-water two-phase flow pair that the present invention is designed
Parallel lines microwave resonant cavity sensor high-resolution measures the validity of moisture content.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor oil-water two-phase flow high-moisture percentage measuring method, for high-moisture percentage profit
Two phase flow carries out measurement of water ratio, and the measurement apparatus used includes double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor (7), microwave signal
Source (3), directional coupler (6) and the signal condition unit with high frequency amplitude discrimination phase discriminator；Described double flat line microwave resonance
Cavity sensor includes sensor tube (1), screen layer (2), exciting electrode (3) and measuring electrode (4), and screen layer (2) is fixed on
The outside of sensor tube (1), exciting electrode through sensor tube (1) and keeps vertical with receiving electrode with it, symmetrical point
Cloth passes through directional coupler point in the both sides of sensor tube (1) kernel of section line, the microwave signal of microwave signal source (3) generation
For the identical signal of two-way, one input of amplitude discrimination phase discriminator is directly accessed all the way, another road is by being connected to double flat line microwave
The exciting electrode (3) of resonator sensor (7), the measuring electrode (4) of double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor (7) is connected to height
Another input of frequency amplitude discrimination phase discriminator (8)；Detect that phase signal and difference in magnitude are believed by high frequency amplitude discrimination phase discriminator (8)
Number；Measuring method is as follows：
(1) using the method for finite element simulation, the optimal size and driving frequency of double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor are obtained
(electrode spacing of double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor is 7mm, and electrode radius is 0.5mm, and driving frequency is 1.3GHz)；
(2) highly aqueous water that the double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor with optimal size is fixed on to vertical ascent is utilized
In two phase flow oil-water two-phase flow pipeline, by low flow velocity highly aqueous water two phase flow dynamic experiment, high frequency amplitude discrimination phase discriminator is gathered
The phase signal and amplitude difference signal detected；
(3) the normalization pad value A expression formulas for defining fluid-mixing are：
A=(Vm-Vo)/(Vw-Vo)
In formula, Vo、VwAnd VmIt is containing the signal attenuation value under rate 90%, full water and tested oil-water mixture flox condition respectively；Obtain
Obtain experimental correlogram version between oil-water two-phase flow signal normalization attenuation measurements and experimental calibration moisture content；
(4) when carrying out high-moisture percentage measurement, pad value processing is normalized in sensor output signal, acquisition is being measured
Under the conditions of total flow, using experimental correlogram version between moisture content, corresponding oil-water two-phase flow moisture content is calculated.
2. measuring method according to claim 1, the optimal size and excitation frequency of double flat line microwave resonant cavity sensor
Rate is preferably：Electrode spacing is 7mm, and electrode radius is 0.5mm, and driving frequency is 1.3GHz.
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| CN201710364691.7A CN107288627B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | Method for measuring high water content of oil-water two-phase flow by double parallel line microwave resonant cavity sensor |
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| CN201710364691.7A CN107288627B (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2017-05-22 | Method for measuring high water content of oil-water two-phase flow by double parallel line microwave resonant cavity sensor |
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| CN108534835A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-09-14 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Two phase flow interface parameter measurement method |
| CN108680614A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-10-19 | 天津大学 | Double helix high frequency capacitance sensor highly aqueous water two phase flow specific retention measurement method |
| CN108828029A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-16 | 天津大学 | Moisture percentage measuring apparatus based on plug-in capacitance sensor |
| CN109115653A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-01 | 重庆科技学院 | A kind of tuning fork resonance crude oil water content measuring device and its measurement method |
| CN109322655A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2019-02-12 | 深圳市联恒星科技有限公司 | A kind of microwave hydro rate detection device and method based on neural network Yu double frequency difference model |
| CN109779603A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-05-21 | 天津大学 | High frequency capacitance sensor High water cut low flow velocity oil-water two-phase flow specific retention measuring device |
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| CN110792425A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-02-14 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Method for measuring water content of formation fluid |
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