CN202916242U - Flow pattern online monitoring device for gas-liquid two-phase flow - Google Patents
Flow pattern online monitoring device for gas-liquid two-phase flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN202916242U CN202916242U CN 201220459440 CN201220459440U CN202916242U CN 202916242 U CN202916242 U CN 202916242U CN 201220459440 CN201220459440 CN 201220459440 CN 201220459440 U CN201220459440 U CN 201220459440U CN 202916242 U CN202916242 U CN 202916242U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a flow pattern online monitoring device for gas-liquid two-phase flow. The device consists of an ultrasonic echo measurement module, a signal acquisition module, an echo identification module and a flow pattern output module. Echo attenuation signals of three feature points of 3 clock, 6 clock and 12 clock on the pipe periphery are measured by an ultrasonic probe and according to difference of the ultrasonic echo attenuation characteristics when a gas phase and a liquid phase are respectively in contact with the wall of a metal pipe, the flow pattern online monitoring device judges whether gas or liquid is in contact with the inner wall of a pipeline in the position of the probe so as to identify a flow pattern. The flow pattern online monitoring device is a completely non-intrusive measurement device, can realize accurate measurement of the flow patterns of the gas and the liquid in the pipe on the outer wall of the pipe, does not need to modify an existing pipeline, does not have dielectric leakage risk, is not influenced by variation of parameters such as temperature, pressure, physical properties of the gas and the liquid and the like in the pipe, does not require sound velocity correction and can be widely applied to real-time online monitoring on the flow pattern in a gas-liquid two-phase flow pipeline.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of Parameter Measurement of Gas-liquid Two-phase device, specifically a kind of device of non-intervention monitoring biphase gas and liquid flow pipeline flow pattern.
Background technology
Biphase gas and liquid flow extensively is present in nature and the many industrial processs, when gas-liquid mixture flows in pipeline, along with the difference of liquid phase flow, medium physical property, pressure, thermal load, geometric pipeline shape, gas-liquid two-phase can present different distribution forms, i.e. flow pattern by in-line.Common flow pattern has stratified flow, annular flow, slug flow etc.Flow pattern is to describe a key character parameter of two-phase flow, greatly affects the diphasic flow pressure loss and heat transfer characteristic.On-line monitoring two-phase flow pattern is significant for the safety and efficiently operation of the pipeline that ensures biphase gas and liquid flow.
Common flow type identification method has two kinds of direct method and indirect methods.Indirect method is mainly carried out analyzing and processing by the fluctuation signal to reflection two phase flow characteristic, extracts flow pattern features, and then the identification flow pattern.Patent of invention CN2476015 discloses the instrument of multiphase flow pattern in a kind of ONLINE RECOGNITION level or the tipping tube, be comprised of microprocessor, bus, data collecting card, liquid crystal display etc., the pressure signal of measurement and differential pressure signal are analyzed with flow pattern collection signal by microprocessor and are identified.Gaging pressure or differential pressure signal need to carry out perforate in order to pressure-inducting device is installed to existing pipeline, have increased medium leakage risk.Simultaneously, in actual measurement, the distribution that the gas-liquid two-phase in the pipeline flows spatially is random fluctuation, and indirect method identification flow pattern has very large limitation.
Direct method is directly determined flow pattern according to the form of two phase flow image.Directly flow type identification method mainly contains observation, sonde method, chromatography imaging method etc.Observation adopts the instruments such as visual inspection or employing high-speed camera directly to observe two-phase flow pattern in the transparent pipeline by transparent visualization window, has simply and intuitively advantage, but this method is with observer's subjective factor, and the differentiation of convection often varies with each individual.
Probe measurement device common are the various ways such as conducting probe, capacitance probe, optical fiber probe.Patent of invention CN2091458 discloses the online display device of a kind of flow pattern, adopts 6 identical probes of length to be arranged in pipe interior as sensor, realizes the flow pattern measurement by the measuring probe output signal.The method is a kind of insertion type method, affects the pipeline flow field, and senser element is stained easily, need to adjust transformation to existing piping system during measurement.In addition, the method explicitly calls for measured medium, and for gas, oily two-phase flow, because gas phase and liquid phase medium are all non-conductive, this device can't use.
Tomography flow pattern measurement mechanism has capacitance chromatography imaging, Electrical Resistance Tomography, ray path tomography etc. usually.Patent of invention CN1538168 discloses a kind of method of measuring flow pattern of gas-liquid two-phase flow by capacitance chromatography imaging.Its principle is that the variation of phase content or its distribution will cause the variation of interelectrode capacitance value when the two-phase blending agent with differing dielectric constant is flowed through sensor.By the detection of this capacitance change and with this as data for projection, adopt certain image reconstruction algorithm just can reconstruct phase distributed image on the tube section.Chromatography imaging method is than traditional single-point type sensor, includes abundanter information such as the signal of pressure or differential pressure pick-up.Its shortcoming is too high price costliness, less economical of cost, and acquisition speed is slow, and image rebuilding method is complicated, length consuming time, and real-time is poor.In addition, usually requiring tested pipeline is insulating material, and sensing element need to be arranged in inner-walls of duct, is not that the non-intervention type of real meaning is measured.The X ray chromatography imaging method, its measuring principle and electric capacity or Electrical Resistance Tomography are similar, and be harmful because it has adopted radioactive ray, poor stability.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is the defective that exists for overcoming above-mentioned existing flow pattern measurement mechanism, a kind of device that utilizes the ultrasonic echo characteristic to carry out the flow pattern ONLINE RECOGNITION is proposed, do not change existing pipeline structure, can realize managing the accurate identification of interior flow pattern at pipeline outer wall, need not the velocity of sound and proofread and correct, not managed interior medium temperature, pressure, the impact that the parameters such as physical property change, have the characteristics such as simple in structure, easy to operate, applied widely, that security performance is good.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the utility model is taked is: this flow pattern of gas-liquid two-phase flow on-Line Monitor Device comprises ultrasonic echo measurement module, signal acquisition module, echo identification module, flow pattern output module, the ultrasonic echo measurement module is comprised of three ultrasonic probes, link to each other with signal acquisition module by data line respectively, signal acquisition module links to each other with the echo identification module by data line, and the echo identification module links to each other with the flow pattern output module by data line.
Three structure of ultrasonic performance parameters are identical, are arranged in 12 o'clock of outer wall, 3 o'clock and 6 o ' clock positions of tested biphase gas and liquid flow pipeline.
Gap between ultrasonic probe end face and the tested pipeline outer wall is filled by ultrasonic coupling agent.
The time span of signal acquisition module 2 signals collecting is 60-120s.
The echo attenutation family curve that the ultrasonic echo identification module is measured the ultrasonic probe of locating at 6 o'clock is the reference data curve, and 12 o'clock, 3 o'clock locate ultrasonic probe institute's survey time wave attenuation family curve and it relatively identifies flow pattern.
The utility model is in measuring process, echo attenutation signal by ultrasonic probe measuring tube diverse location place Wednesday, what judge that place, probe position contacts with inner-walls of duct according to the difference of gas phase and liquid phase ultrasonic echo characteristic is liquid or gas, monitors to identify flow pattern by tube wall unique point ultrasonic echo.The utility model is complete non-intervention monitoring device, can realize managing the Measurement accuracy of interior gas-liquid flow pattern at the pipe outer wall, not need existing pipeline is changed, not have medium leakage risk, the impact of the variation of not managed interior temperature, pressure and other parameters, and need not velocity of sound correction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation;
Fig. 2 is gas, liquid ultrasonic echo attenuation characteristic synoptic diagram when contacting with tube wall respectively;
Fig. 3 is the utility model stratified flow measuring principle synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the utility model annular flow measuring principle synoptic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the utility model slug flow measuring principle synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
By shown in Figure 1, the utility model is by ultrasonic echo measurement module 1, signal acquisition module 2, echo identification module 3, flow pattern output module 4 forms, and ultrasonic echo measurement module 1 is comprised of three ultrasonic probes, and ultrasonic probe links to each other with signal acquisition module 2 by data line 5 respectively, signal acquisition module 2 links to each other with echo identification module 3 by data line 6, and echo identification module 3 links to each other with flow pattern output module 4 by data line 7.
The utility model measuring principle is described in detail as follows:
Reflection and transmission can occur at its contact interface during by two kinds of different materials in ultrasound wave, and its pressure reflection ratio and transmissivity are used respectively the calculating of (1) and (2) formula.
Reflectivity:
Transmissivity:
The R-reflectivity; The D-transmissivity; Z
1-medium 1 acoustic impedance; Z
2-medium 2 acoustic impedances.
If wall surface material is steel, the gas, liquid medium is respectively the sky G﹠W, then can detect: the acoustic impedance of air is Z
A=0.00004 * 10
6/ (g.cm
-2.s), the acoustic impedance Z of water
w=0.148 * 10
6/ (g.cm
-2.s), the acoustic impedance Z of steel
s=4.5310
6/ (g.cm
-2.s).
During the generation echo first time, when steel pipe inner wall is liquid medium (water), sound pressure reflection coefficient:
When steel pipe inner wall is gas medium (air), sound pressure reflection coefficient:
Relatively the reflectivity in the following formula finds that its difference is about 0.064, its dB value differ into
As seen for the first time echo gas, liquid echo difference are very little, if but ultrasound wave back and forth transmission 10 times in the steel wall, its difference is 5.7dB, as seen along with the increase of echo times, the difference of gas, liquid echoing characteristics is day by day obvious.When gas, liquid contacted with tube wall respectively, the echoed signal attenuation characteristic that ultrasonic inspection probe is surveyed was fully different in other words.
Be arranged in the ultrasonic probe 8 on the gas-liquid two-phase pipeline 11 pipe outer walls, ultrasonic probe 9, ultrasonic probe 10 is to the interior Vertical Launch ultrasound wave of pipe, because the acoustic impedance difference between gas phase and the solid wall surface will be much larger than corresponding liquid phase, according to formula (1) and (2) as can be known, when inside pipe wall contacted with gas phase, the energy that transmission occurs was relatively less, most of energy is reflected back, and is again accepted by ultrasonic probe.Echo attenutation speed when therefore its echo attenutation speed will contact with liquid phase much smaller than tube wall when tube wall contacts with gas phase.Fig. 2 is the attenuation characteristic comparison diagram when contacting with tube wall respectively according to liquid phase, the echo attenutation figure of Fig. 2-a when to be that inside pipe wall is gentle contact, and Fig. 2-b is inside pipe wall echo attenutation figure when contacting with liquid phase.On scheming, can find out that the two echoing characteristics has significant difference.When inside pipe wall contacted with liquid phase, because some transmission has occured, energy attenuation was very fast, and inside pipe wall is gentle when contacting, the transmissivity less, and echo attenutation is slow.Can judge that according to the difference of inside pipe wall echoing characteristics what contact with inner-walls of duct with probe position place is gas phase or liquid phase.
By shown in Figure 3, when the stratified flow, under Action of Gravity Field, gas phase is mobile at the pipeline top in pipe, and liquid phase is at the pipeline flows, obvious liquid-gas interface 13 of biphase gas and liquid flow pipeline 11 interior existence.Numerous scholar's research achievements show that for the layering flow pattern, its liquid-gas interface 13 distance pipe end maximum heights are less than 1/2 of caliber.Ultrasonic probe 10 is positioned at 6 o'clock of tube wall place, and what contact with inside pipe wall is always liquid phase herein, so the echoed signal decay comparatively fast.Flow pattern identification module 3 with the echo attenutation data at ultrasonic probe 10 places as a reference, compare with other two places ultrasonic probe measurement data, when ultrasonic probe 8, ultrasonic probe 9 is positioned at liquid-gas interface 13 when above, because inner-walls of duct is that gas phase contacts with tube wall herein, the ultrasound echo signal of measurement will more than the decay of ultrasonic probe 10 places slowly.In view of the slug flow cycle is generally less than 60s, so acquisition time is defined as 60s～120s.If in 60s～120s Measuring Time section, ultrasonic probe 8 is consistent with the echoed signal that ultrasonic probe 9 receives, and the echo attenutation degree is much smaller than 10 place survey time of ultrasonic probe ripple signal, show that then the conduit upper space is always gas phase, the pipeline bottom is always liquid phase, and flow pattern output module output flow pattern is stratified flow.
By shown in Figure 4, when the gas-liquid two-phase flow pattern was the ring-type flow pattern in the pipe, liquid phase was being pasted tube wall with the liquid film form and is being flowed, and the centre is swiftly flowing gas phase.Because whole tube wall is all covered by liquid film, the inner-walls of duct echoed signal that ultrasonic probe 8, ultrasonic probe 9, ultrasonic probe 10 are measured all presents consistent attenuation characteristic.If at 60s～120s in the time interval, the ultrasonic echo feature of three ultrasonic probe measurements is consistent, and marked change does not all occur in the measuring process, then shows on biphase gas and liquid flow pipeline 11 inwalls to be always liquid phase, the pipeline bottom is always liquid phase, and flow pattern output module 4 output flow patterns are annular flow.
By shown in Figure 5, when being liquid holdup in the pipeline, bubble 14 and liquid plug 15 alternating currents are crossed tube section.Interim when bubble 14, its fluidal texture and stratified flow are similar, and three ultrasonic probe institute survey time ripple signals are also consistent with stratified flow.And work as liquid plug 15 temporarily, whole tube section is occupied by liquid phase, ultrasonic probe 8, ultrasonic probe 9 measured echoed signal characteristics will be undergone mutation at this moment, it is basic identical that the echo waveform feature of measuring this moment is measured echoed signal with ultrasonic probe 10, shows that these moment biphase gas and liquid flow pipeline 11 inwalls are covered by liquid phase.If in the time interval, possess as above Characteristics of Mutation if three ultrasonic probes are measured echoed signal at 60s～120s, flow pattern output module 4 judges that flow pattern is intermittent flow.
Therefore, according to the ultrasonic echo feature that three ultrasonic probes are measured, can determine respectively place, three probe places inner-walls of duct is gas phase or liquid phase.Because flow pattern is different, the distribution form of gas, liquid on tube section is different, and be also not identical at all distribution forms of pipe, can identify stratified flow common in the biphase gas and liquid flow pipeline, annular flow, three kinds of common flow patterns of slug flow.
The utility model carries out analyzing and processing by the echo data that the ultrasonic probe on the deployment tube outer wall unique point is measured, can accurately identify the common flow pattern of biphase gas and liquid flow pipeline, need not complicated reconstruction calculations, can measure in real time online, be complete non-intervention type measurement mechanism, do not need existing pipeline is changed, to measuring channel caliber, pipe wall material, measurement liquid phase medium character and temperature, the equal no requirement (NR) of pressure, the scope of application is broad.
Claims (4)
1. flow pattern of gas-liquid two-phase flow on-Line Monitor Device, it is characterized in that: comprise ultrasonic echo measurement module, signal acquisition module, echo identification module, flow pattern output module, the ultrasonic echo measurement module is comprised of three ultrasonic probes, link to each other with signal acquisition module by data line respectively, signal acquisition module links to each other with the echo identification module by data line, and the echo identification module links to each other with the flow pattern output module by data line.
2. a kind of flow pattern of gas-liquid two-phase flow on-Line Monitor Device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: three structure of ultrasonic performance parameters of described ultrasonic echo measurement module are identical, be arranged in 12 o'clock, 3 o'clock and 6 o ' clock positions on the outer wall of tested biphase gas and liquid flow pipeline, the gap between each ultrasonic probe end face and the tested pipeline outer wall is filled by ultrasonic coupling agent.
3. a kind of flow pattern of gas-liquid two-phase flow on-Line Monitor Device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the time span of the signals collecting of described signal acquisition module is 60s～120s.
4. a kind of flow pattern of gas-liquid two-phase flow on-Line Monitor Device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the echo attenutation family curve that described ultrasonic echo identification module is measured the ultrasonic probe of locating at 6 o'clock is the reference data curve, and 12 o'clock, 3 o'clock are located ultrasonic probe institute survey time wave attenuation family curve and relatively identifies stratified flow in the biphase gas and liquid flow pipeline, annular flow, three kinds of common flow patterns of slug flow with it respectively.
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Owner name: CHINA UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM AST CHINA Free format text: FORMER OWNER: LIANG FACHUN Effective date: 20130805 |
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Effective date of registration: 20130805 Address after: 266580 Qingdao economic and Technological Development Zone, Changjiang Road, No. 66, Shandong Patentee after: China Petroleum University (East China) Address before: 266580 School of storage and construction, China University of Petroleum, 66 West Changjiang Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, Shandong Patentee before: Liang Fachun |
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