CN106226392A - Water-oil phase flow containing rate measuring method based on ultrasonic attenuation mechanism model - Google Patents
Water-oil phase flow containing rate measuring method based on ultrasonic attenuation mechanism model Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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- G01N29/032—Analysing fluids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N2291/015—Attenuation, scattering
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of water-oil phase flow containing rate measuring method based on ultrasonic attenuation mechanism model, use a main reception sensor and 6 assisting ultrasonic to receive sensor;Step is as follows: set the detection signal V of main reception sensor2, the detection signal of 6 assisting ultrasonic reception sensor auxiliary reception sensors is respectively V3……V8, calculate detection signal V2, V3……V8With pumping signal V1Ultrasound intensity decay;In calculating pipeline, total ultrasonic attenuation coefficient of oil-water two-phase flow fluid and each assisting ultrasonic receive the ultrasonic diffusive attenuation amount sum of sensor;Detect main reception sensor and receive signal and signal emission sensor sends transition time of pumping signal;Calculate water-oil phase scattering parameter;Calculate each phase content of oil-water two-phase flow.The present invention can promote the estimated accuracy of point moisture content.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fluid measurement technical field, relate to a kind of measuring method based on ultrasonic sound intensity decay mechanism, use
Non-contact measurement in water-oil phase flow containing rate.
Technical background
In the industrial processes such as nature and power, oil, chemical industry, metallurgy and Aero-Space, multiphase flow is existing
As being widely present.The most in the oil industry, the fluid in oil well is often concurrently present in for oil, three kinds of fluids of gas and water;In power plant
In power generation process, the coal dust as fuel exists for gas, solid phase in course of conveying simultaneously.In oil exploitation modal heterogeneous
Flow phenomenon is exactly oil-water two-phase flow.The high speed development produced along with modern industry, the expansion of the scale of production technology and technique
Complexity, the requirement to flow parameter measurement precision each in multiphase flow is more and more higher, accurately measures multiphase flow flow parameter pair
The optimization of production process and process management has highly important meaning.The dynamics of monophasic fluid is relatively easy, many
It is sufficiently complex that phase fluid is different from monophasic fluid, two phase flow or three-phase flow flow behavior, and it has the streams such as non-linear, alternate slippage
Dynamic feature, its parameter measurement problem remains a more difficult problem.
The detection of phase content is an important parameter index in Multi phase Flow Testing Technique research.Can according to its measuring principle
To be divided into: measurement method of electricity, ray method, fast valve are directly measured, velocity measurement, optical method measure, nuclear magnetic resonance method and
Microwave method etc..Measuring method based on ultrasonic technology is a kind of contactless detection means, by analyzing transmission ultrasonic wave
Decay or the ultrasonic signal of reflection, can obtain the parameter such as concentration and speed of detected fluid.But, use ultrasonic technology
When realizing the test of multiphase flow phase content, there is the problems such as nonlinearity
Measuring of phase ratio method based on ultrasonic attenuation principle has simple in construction, low cost and other advantages.Ultrasonic instrument
There is non-intruding characteristic and the function of " i.e. press from both sides and i.e. use " can be realized.Application ultrasonic technology realizes the detection of multiphase flow parameter, tool
Have do not affected by measured medium salinity, not interference flowing field, there is not flow-induced corrosion, abrasion, it is adaptable to non-light transmittance, non-conductive
The advantages, particularly ultrasound wave such as property medium have sensitiveer sensing capability to profit boundary.Therefore, for oil-water two-phase flow
The basic test mechanism of the ultrasonic technology of procedure parameter, uses limited element analysis technique, by setting up Jie mutually of oil-water two-phase flow
Matter distributed model.Sound field emulation is being carried out, it is thus achieved that the distribution signal of excess sound pressure is analyzed under different fluidal textures, it is achieved
The sign of water-oil phase flow containing rate.The present invention proposes a kind of two phase flow based on ultrasonic attenuation mechanism and tests device containing rate,
Utilize sonac receiving terminal to receive signal and the intensity difference launched between signal calculates phase content, calculate speed fast, response
Linearisation.
CN2005101237388 discloses a kind of ultrasonic wave water flow measuring system, be driven by drive system ultrasonic
Ripple calibrator, measures the water depth value of some sampled points on the waters of irregular section, and measures water flow velocity by water flow meter
Degree, then calculated the area of section in this waters by control system after, then obtains discharge.This system has passed through middle ginseng
, there is the unstability between information exchange and the limitation of the scope of measurement in number water velocity information indirect conversion.
In CN2014103282688, ultrasonic sensor array includes two groups of ultrasonic probe arrays, and often group linear transducer array is by many
The individual probe being distributed in tested pipeline same cross-sectional position is constituted.But when discrete phase content is the lowest, sonac is corresponding
There is nonlinear problem.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of reproducible, that sensitivity is higher two phase flow phase content non-contact measurement side
Method.Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of water-oil phase flow containing rate measuring method based on ultrasonic attenuation mechanism model, the device used comprises super
Sonic transducer, signal generating unit, exciting circuit unit, excitation with receiving transducer channel selection unit, testing circuit unit and
Flow parameter computing unit.Described ultrasonic transducer comprises signal emission sensor and receives sensor, receives sensor again
Just it is divided into main reception sensor and auxiliary reception sensor, described signal emission sensor and main reception sensor straight line respectively
To the bottom and the top that are arranged on pipeline;Six auxiliary reception sensors are evenly distributed on signal emission sensor and main reception biography
The both sides of sensor;Described signal generating unit is connected with exciting circuit unit and acoustic pressure detector, and signal generating unit produces
Raw pulse voltage signal, is encouraged signal emission sensor by exciting circuit unit, and excitation is selected with receiving transducer passage
Select unit and be connected with receiving sensor, it is achieved each receives sensor and receives signal respectively.Step is as follows:
Step 1: when in pipeline by detected fluid, signal generating unit produces pulse signal, by exciting circuit list
Unit applies pumping signal to signal emission sensor, and the ultrasound wave with certain amplitude and frequency passes through tested region, arrives main
Receiving sensor and 6 assisting ultrasonic receive sensor, the detection signal of each auxiliary reception sensor is by excitation and receives
Probe channel selection unit gating receives sensor, is connected with testing circuit unit, and receiving circuit unit obtains receiving sensor
Voltage signal, be then fed into signal demodulation module, by signal is demodulated process.
Step 2: set the detection signal V of main reception sensor2, 6 assisting ultrasonic receive sensor auxiliary reception sensor
Detection signal be respectively V3……V8, calculate detection signal V2, V3……V8With pumping signal V1Ultrasound intensity decayWherein, l is signal emission sensor and the distance of main reception sensor, and n is 2,3 ... 8;
Step 3: total ultrasonic attenuation coefficient of oil-water two-phase flow fluid in calculating pipelineSuper with each auxiliary
The ultrasonic diffusive attenuation amount sum of sound reception sensor
Step 4: detect main reception sensor and receive signal and signal emission sensor sends when getting over of pumping signal
Between t, calculate attenuation by absorption amountWherein,F is frequency of sound wave;η is that continuous phase is glued
Degree;ρ is continuous phase density, and c is the two-phase fluid velocity of sound,T receives signal and ultrasound emission for detecting main reception sensor
End sends the transition time of pumping signal;N and m represents the index of f and c respectively, is affected by temperature T, and n value is 2, m value
It is 3.
Step 5: calculate water-oil phase scattering parameterWherein, k is the wave number of ultrasound wave in continuous phase, i.e.Wherein,c0For the velocity of sound in continuous phase;R is discrete phase droplet radius;Re[A0] represent take A0Real part, parameter A0
For discrete phase partial wave wave amplitude;
Step 6: utilize multiple physical field emulation experiment to calculate a border correction factor, by the main reception of boundary integral Yu border
The ratio of sensor and 6 assisting ultrasonic reception sensor sums is worth 1.2225, and actual tests corrects b measurement model error ginseng
Number, b isBring into based on ultrasonic attenuation mechanism model formulaCalculate each of oil-water two-phase flow
Phase content.
Beneficial effects of the present invention and advantage are as follows:
1, liquid-liquid distribution is obtained by the sound pressure information of the sensor arrangement mode acquisition different azimuth of multicast formula
Oil phase content.Eight ultrasonic transducers are evenly distributed on the same cross section of pipeline, by the sensor arrangement mode of multicast formula,
Obtain the sound pressure information of each sensor to calculate the ultrasonic attenuation amount in each orientation, do based on ultrasonic as fundamental measurement value
The mathematical model of decay mechanism calculates each phase content measuring liquid-liquid distribution.Two phase flow phase content is obtained in non-intruding mode,
Avoid the nonlinear response of ultrasound detection, and without measurement fluid is carried out pre-separation or mixing.
2, the method for not affected by measured medium salinity, not interference flowing field, there is not flow-induced corrosion, abrasion, be suitable for
In non-light transmittance, non-conductive dielectric etc.;
3, measuring convenient, speed is fast, low cost, it is possible to accurately measures the phase content of oil-water two-phase flow in pipeline, reduces
Nonlinearity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The following drawings describes the embodiment selected by the present invention, is exemplary drawings and non exhaustive or restricted, its
In:
The water-oil phase flow containing rate measurement side based on ultrasonic attenuation mechanism model that the measuring method of Fig. 1 present invention uses
Method multicast formula multisensor mounting means structural representation;
The water-oil phase flow containing rate measurement side based on ultrasonic attenuation mechanism model that the measuring method of Fig. 2 present invention uses
Method experimental system schematic diagram;
The emulation experiment Dependence Results of phase content under the working method of Fig. 3 present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Manufacture described in detail below and the step of the operation present invention, it is intended to describe as embodiments of the invention, be not
Other embodiments that can realize identical function also should be included in the scope of the present invention by the unique forms that can be manufactured or utilize
In.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with Figure of description.
As it is shown in figure 1, ultrasonic emitting end sends the ultrasound wave of certain frequency and intensity, through the absorption etc. of water-oil phase
After attenuating mechanism, arrive ultrasound signal receipt end.Owing to the distribution of different size of oil vacuole is different to the degree of absorption of ultrasound wave,
The ultrasonic attenuation degree obtained on the receive side is also the most different.Pass between decaying according to oil vacuole size and ultrasonic intensity
System, can record oil phase content.In oil-water two-phase flow, ultrasonic attenuation coefficient α is:
In formula, V1And V2Representing ultrasonic emitting end and the intensity of acoustic wave (acoustic pressure) of receiving terminal respectively, l is transmitting terminal and connect
The distance of receiving end.
The water-oil phase flow containing rate measuring method based on ultrasonic attenuation mechanism model that the measuring method of the present invention uses
Sensor mounting means structural representation.In Fig. 1, eight ultrasonic transducers are evenly distributed on the arrangement mode in the same cross section of pipeline,
I.e. pop one's head in and be made up of eight probes being distributed in tested pipeline same cross-sectional position.Pipeline top and bottom are ultrasonic transducer
Ultrasonic emitting end and the main receiving terminal of ultrasound wave, both are the most corresponding.Assisting ultrasonic transducer 3,4,5 and ultrasonic transducer 6,7,
8 are evenly distributed in pipeline both sides, ultrasonic emitting end and ultrasound wave main receiving terminal both sides.
Fig. 2 describes ultrasonic signal and occurs and detector unit structure.Oil-water two-phase flow based on ultrasonic attenuation mechanism model
Phase content measurement apparatus comprises signal generating unit, exciting circuit unit, excitation and receiving transducer channel selection unit, transmitting terminal
Ultrasonic probe, receiving terminal ultrasonic probe, testing circuit unit, signal demodulation module and flow parameter computing unit.Signal occurs
Unit is connected with receiving transducer channel selection unit with excitation by exciting circuit unit, and signal generating unit produces the electricity of pulse
Pressure signal.Require to realize in pumping signal generation module the generation of pumping signal according to default, by excitation and reception
Probe channel selection unit gates the corresponding probe of sonac on request.Ultrasound emission end 1 is carried out by exciting circuit unit
Excitation, sonac 1 produces ultrasonic signal, makes pumping signal pass through electroacoustic translation function and produces ultrasound wave.Work as heterogeneous fluid
Flowing through, ultrasound wave is when by propagation path, and after the attenuating mechanism such as absorption of water-oil phase, the master arriving duct bottom surpasses
Acoustic signals receiving terminal, and some ultrasound wave received by the assisting ultrasonic receiving transducer of sidewall.The decay width of ultrasonic amplitude
Degree has direct relation with the discrete phase phase content in transonic path.The reception signal of each sensor is visited with receiving by excitation
Head channel selection unit gating receives sensor, is connected with testing circuit unit.This testing circuit electricity to each receiving transducer
Pressure signal detects, and sends into signal demodulation module, by signal is demodulated process.Finally testing result is sent into flowing
Parameter calculation unit, it is achieved the calculating of two phase flow phase content.
Under Fig. 3 multisensor of the present invention frame mode, the model experiment with computing Dependence Results of phase content, biphase with oil-in-water
As a example by stream.If border correction factor a is 1.2225.Measurement model error parameter b isExtract oil-in-water
In flow pattern during different oil content, each receiving terminal ultrasonic wave attenuation coefficient emulation data, and with surpassing that actual sending and receiving end obtains
Sound attenuation value is foundation, is obtained by the oil content value of calculation of decay mechanism model.Curve shows, shows that oil content is overall tiltedly
Rate be 1 straight line on scatterplot distribution.Occurring negative at actual oil content more than 37.87% value of calculation, algorithm lost efficacy.Thus demonstrate,prove
Bright, water-oil phase flow containing rate measuring method based on ultrasonic attenuation mechanism model is existing when discrete phase content is less than about 35%
Real feasible.Below as a example by Water-In-Oil two phase flow, illustrating the two phase flow phase content measuring method of the present invention, the method is also
In can be used for measuring containing rate such as other two phase flows such as oil-in-water two phase flows.
The measuring method step utilizing above-mentioned measurement apparatus is as follows:
Step 1: eight sensor ring are under circular pipe mean array mode, when in pipeline by oil-water two-phase flow,
The pulse signal that signal generating unit produces, applies pumping signal by exciting circuit unit to ultrasonic emitting end 1, with one
The ultrasound wave of tentering value and frequency passes through tested region, finally to arrive and receive main sonac receiving terminal 2 and assisting ultrasonic
Receiving terminal 3,4 ... 8.The reception signal of each sensor receives sensing by excitation with receiving transducer channel selection unit gating
Device, is connected with testing circuit unit.Ultrasound wave receives the voltage signal of each reception sensor that circuit obtains, and is then fed into letter
Number demodulation module, processes by being demodulated signal.Wherein V1It is that ultrasound emission sensor 1 produces in water-oil phase medium
Emitting voltage, V2, V3……V8The reception voltage obtained for ultrasonic reception end.
Step 2: the reception voltage V that the ultrasonic reception end obtained by step 1 is obtained2With ultrasound transmit signal V1Together
It is respectively fed to signal detector, obtains the ratio detecting signal with pumping signal, then result is sent into flow parameter computing unit,
Obtaining the overall attenuation of ultrasonic oil-water two-phase flow, attenuation quotient α is defined as:
In formula, V1And V2Representing ultrasonic emitting end and the intensity of acoustic wave (acoustic pressure) of receiving terminal respectively, l is transmitting terminal and connect
The distance of receiving end.
V3……V8With ultrasound transmit signal signal V1Send into signal detector together, obtain detecting signal V3……V8Respectively
With pumping signal V1Ratio, and then calculate boundary diffusion attenuation α of ultrasonic oil-water two-phase flowD:
Step 3: detect main reception sensor and receive signal and ultrasound emission end sends the transition time t of pumping signal,
Utilize Absorption Formula[1~3]The attenuation by absorption α that the ultrasound wave that calculating ultrasound emission end sends produces in detection regionT
Wherein, in classical formulas, coefficientω=2 π f audiogram frequency, f is frequency of sound wave;η is for even
Continuous phase viscosity;ρ continuous phase density;The c two-phase fluid velocity of sound, by sound path, (ultrasonic emitting end sends sound wave and receipts with the propagation time
To the ratio calculation of the time difference t) of echo, i.e.N and m represents the index of f and c respectively, is affected by temperature T.N exists
In classical formulas, value is 2, and m value in classical formulas is 3.Detect main reception sensor and receive signal and ultrasound emission end
Send the transition time t of pumping signal, the parameters that separately sampled mensuration is relevant with temperature, calculate attenuation by absorption coefficient.?
In oil-in-water flow pattern, biphase character is as shown in table 1.When f take 1MHz, T be 25 degrees Celsius time;η is 0.01 (Pa s);It is 998
(kg·m-3), at this moment
1 liang of phase parameter of table
Step 4: calculate and water-oil phase scattering parameter
Wherein, k is the wave number of ultrasound wave in continuous phase, i.e.Wherein,c0For the velocity of sound in continuous phase;R is
Discrete phase droplet radius, value is test discrete phase mean radius 1mm in the present invention.Re[A0] represent take A0Real part, parameter A0
For discrete phase partial wave wave amplitude, by the ECAH model improved[4]Solve, i.e. by equation
Try to achieve.Wherein,
Wherein, ac, as, aTIt is respectively taking advantage of of discrete phase radius and compressional wave wave number, shearing wave wave number and heat wave wave number
Long-pending, η is continuous phase viscosity, and κ is continuous phase thermal conductivity, jnFor Spherical Bessel function, i.e.hnFor
SphericalHankel function, i.e.Wherein, cpFor continuous phase
Quality specific heat at constant pressure, T0For temperature, taking 25 degrees Celsius, β is ultrasonic wave number in two phase flowFormula is used slash
Number " ' " parameter represent when calculating this, take the related physical coefficient of discrete phase material.Re[A0] only with biphase character and surpassing
It is relevant to time difference t receiving acoustic signals that acoustic emission end sends sound wave.In oil-in-water flow pattern, c0For the velocity of sound in water
1497(m·s-1);R is that oil droplet radius is averaged 1mm, then
Step 5: under oil-in-water or Water-In-Oil water-oil phase model, total after two phase flow fluid matasomatism of ultrasound wave
Decay is represented by:
α=αR+αT+αD (7)
In formula: αRDecay for ultrasonic scattering, αTDecay for ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION, αDFor ultrasonic diffusive attenuation.
By formula (1), (2), (3) are brought formula (7) into and can be obtained
Arrangement can obtain two phase flow discrete phase content φVCalculation relational expression is
I.e.
Wherein, a is border correction factor, and b is measurement model error parameter.
Multiple physical field emulation experiment calculates a border correction factor, in oil-in-water flow pattern, by boundary integral and 7, border
The ratio receiving sensor sum is worth 1.2225.Actual tests corrects b measurement model error parameter, actual oil-in-water dynamic test
Obtaining its value isBy the most each step acquired results, bring into based on ultrasonic attenuation mechanism model public
Formula (9) obtains, in oil-in-water flow pattern, when f take 1MHz, T be 25 degrees Celsius time;
The present invention only need to detect ultrasound emission end pumping signal V1Sound pressure signal value V with each ultrasonic reception end2,
V3……V8, ultrasonic emitting end sends sound wave with time difference t receiving echo and distance l to solve phase content.
The present invention solves phase content as a example by the medium under uniform mixing condition, when fluidic structures is laminar flow, it is possible to make
Calculate by the method.
[1] Feng Ruo. ultrasonic handbook [M]. Nanjing: publishing house of Nanjing University, 1990.
Feng Ruo.Handbookofultrasonic[M].Nanjing:N anjing University Press,
1990.(in Chinese)
[2] Feng Ruo. sonochemistry and application [M] thereof. Hefei: Anhui science tech publishing house, 1992.
Feng Ruo.Sound chemistry and It’s application[M].Hefei:Anhui Science
and Technology Press,1992.(in Chinese)
[3] Dong Xun. lubrication theory [M]. Shanghai: publishing house of Shanghai Communications University, 1984.
Dong Xun.Lubrication theory[M].Shanghai:Shanghai J iaotong University
Press,1984.(in Chinese)
[4]J.R.Allegra and S.A.Hawley,“Attenuation of Sound in Suspensions
andEmulsions:Theory and Experiments,”J.Acoust.Soc.Am.,vol.51,pp.1545-1564,
1972。
Claims (2)
1. a water-oil phase flow containing rate measuring method based on ultrasonic attenuation mechanism model, the device used comprises ultrasonic
Transducer, signal generating unit, exciting circuit unit, excitation and receiving transducer channel selection unit, testing circuit unit and stream
Dynamic parameter calculation unit;Described ultrasonic transducer comprises signal emission sensor and receives sensor, receives sensor and divides again
Being main reception sensor and auxiliary reception sensor, described signal emission sensor and main reception sensor straight line respectively is the most right
It is arranged on bottom and the top of pipeline;Six auxiliary reception sensors are evenly distributed on signal emission sensor and main reception sensing
The both sides of device;Described signal generating unit is connected with exciting circuit unit and acoustic pressure detector, and signal generating unit produces
Pulse voltage signal, is encouraged signal emission sensor by exciting circuit unit, excitation and receiving transducer channel selecting
Unit is connected with receiving sensor, it is achieved each receives sensor and receives signal respectively.Step is as follows:
Step 1: when in pipeline by detected fluid time, signal generating unit produce pulse signal, by exciting circuit unit to
Signal emission sensor applies pumping signal, and the ultrasound wave with certain amplitude and frequency passes through tested region, arrives main reception
Sensor and 6 assisting ultrasonic receive sensor, and the detection signal of each auxiliary reception sensor is by excitation and receiving transducer
Channel selection unit gating receives sensor, is connected with testing circuit unit, and receiving circuit unit obtains receiving the electricity of sensor
Pressure signal, is then fed into signal demodulation module, by signal is demodulated process;
Step 2: set the detection signal V of main reception sensor2, 6 assisting ultrasonic receive the detection of sensor auxiliary reception sensor
Signal is respectively V3……V8, calculate detection signal V2, V3……V8With pumping signal V1Ultrasound intensity decayIts
In, l is signal emission sensor and the distance of main reception sensor, and n is 2,3 ... 8;
Step 3: total ultrasonic attenuation coefficient of oil-water two-phase flow fluid in calculating pipelineConnect with each assisting ultrasonic
Receive the ultrasonic diffusive attenuation amount sum of sensor
Step 4: detect main reception sensor and receive signal and signal emission sensor sends the transition time t of pumping signal,
Calculate attenuation by absorption amountWherein,F is frequency of sound wave;η is continuous phase viscosity;ρ is
Continuous phase density, c is the two-phase fluid velocity of sound,N and m represents the index of f and c respectively, is affected by temperature T, and herein, n takes
Value is 2, and m value is 3;
Step 5: calculate water-oil phase scattering parameterWherein, k is the wave number of ultrasound wave in continuous phase, i.e.Wherein,c0For the velocity of sound in continuous phase;R is discrete phase droplet radius;Re[A0] represent take A0Real part, parameter A0
For discrete phase partial wave wave amplitude;
Step 6: utilize multiple physical field emulation experiment to calculate a border correction factor, by the main reception sensing of boundary integral with border
The ratio of device and 6 assisting ultrasonic reception sensor sums is worth 1.2225, and actual tests corrects b measurement model error parameter, and b isBring into based on ultrasonic attenuation mechanism model formulaCalculate each of oil-water two-phase flow
Phase content.
Water-oil phase flow containing rate measuring method based on ultrasonic attenuation mechanism model the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, for oil-in-water flow pattern, c0For the velocity of sound in water 1497 (m s-1);R is oil droplet radius.
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