CN104155358A - Visual multiphase flow testing device with combination of ultrasonic Doppler and electrical sensor - Google Patents
Visual multiphase flow testing device with combination of ultrasonic Doppler and electrical sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104155358A CN104155358A CN201410328236.8A CN201410328236A CN104155358A CN 104155358 A CN104155358 A CN 104155358A CN 201410328236 A CN201410328236 A CN 201410328236A CN 104155358 A CN104155358 A CN 104155358A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a visual multiphase flow testing device with combination of ultrasonic Doppler and electrical sensor. The visual multiphase flow testing device with combination of ultrasonic Doppler and electric sensor comprises an electrical sensor array, an ultrasonic sensor array, an electrical signal generation and detection unit, an ultrasonic signal generation and detection unit, and a flow parameter calculation and visualization unit; the electrical sensor array comprises an electrode array distributed in the same section position of a pipeline to be tested; the ultrasonic sensor array comprises two probe arrays distributed in different section positions of the pipeline to be tested, each probe array is composed of more than two ultrasonic probes, and at least one probe array works in an ultrasonic Doppler manner to obtain the flow velocity of the tested multiphase fluid, while the other probe array works by use of an ultrasonic transmission method to obtain the phase volume fraction of the tested multiphase fluid; electrical electrodes and the ultrasonic probes are mounted on the tested pipeline simultaneously and work at the same time, and therefore, a set of bimodal sensor is formed. The testing device is visual, wide in application range, free from disturbance and radiation, low in cost and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fluid measurement technical field, relate to a kind of electricity and ultrasonic double-mode state polyphasic flow proving installation, can realize that Phase Volume Fraction for Multi-phase Flow, flow velocity and flow are isoparametric to be obtained online.The present invention is measured as description object with oil/gas/water multiphase, but is not limited in this application, and the Multiphase Flow phenomenon proving installation of the present invention existing in other industrial processs and chemical reaction is still suitable for.
Technical background
In commercial production and daily life, extensively exist Multiphase Flow phenomenon." phase " in polyphasic flow is defined as the existence form of material, i.e. gaseous state, liquid state or solid-state, and therefore polyphasic flow is the fluid that " phase " material that has two or more flows simultaneously.Polyphasic flow phenomenon is extensively present in the industrial processs such as the energy, power, oil, chemical industry, metallurgy, medicine, in commercial production and scientific research, there is very important effect, challenge also to slip-stick artist and scientific research personnel to the accurate detection of its flow process monitoring and description and flow procedure parameter.In recent years, in the world to the research interest of polyphasic flow in sustainable growth, its reason is that polyphasic flow is not only used widely in a series of modern projects, and the development and the innovation that promote these engineering equipments have also been played to vital role.
Due to the each alternate Presence of an interface effect of polyphasic flow and relative velocity, phase interface is all random variation on time and space, causes the flow characteristics of polyphasic flow more than single-phase flow complexity, and characteristic parameter is also many than single-phase flow.Polyphasic flow Detection of Process Parameters strategy is along with operating mode and object properties change, and utilizable physical phenomenon and relation are a lot, and therefore detection means is also varied.Detection mode can be divided into two large classes: direct method and indirect method.Direct method refers to image parameter and can obtain by measuring directly, and indirect method need to be between measured value (subsidiary value) and measured parameter opening relationships formula by calculating, i.e. " soft measurement " method.In multiphase flow measurement field, the detection method of many direct employing single-phase flow instrument belongs to direct method, and emerging detection technique is the methods that adopt soft measurement more, as electric method, ultrasonic method and rays method etc.In scientific research and commercial Application, the detection means of polyphasic flow need to not produce any disturbance to detected fluid, therefore electric method and ultrasonic method due to its simple in structure, non-disturbance, cost is low receives much concern.
Electrical measurement method is divided into again various ways according to the difference of its sensor construction, shape, energisation mode, as conducting probe, annular electro are led array etc., wherein rotation field electrical conductance method is that electricity process tomographic imaging technology is a kind of important improvement form in electric method, abundant material cross-sectional distribution information can be provided, and opaque ducted multiphase medium can be distributed and carries out visual reconstruction.Electricity process tomographic imaging technology is divided into again condenser type, resistance-type, impedance type and electromagnetic type tomography etc. according to measuring responsive principle difference.In addition, this technology has the feature of non-disturbance and multimetering, can realize the procedure parameter such as phase content and flow velocity of tested heterogeneous fluid, has good application prospect.
Ultrasonic Detection is a kind of widely used technology, in medical monitoring, fluid measurement, there is its unique advantage, when propagating in fluid, can not destroy ultrasound wave the flow field of fluid, there is no the pressure loss, if detecting element is placed in to pipeline outer wall simultaneously, can avoid directly contacting with fluid, reduce the extent of corrosion of sensor.Ultrasound tomography method can, by being installed on the multiple ultrasonic transmitting-receiving probe of the same section of pipeline, obtain the distributed intelligence of the inner different acoustic impedance mediums of measured section, and realize the visual of this distribution by image reconstruction algorithm with non-turbulent form.Meanwhile, in the time that incident ultrasound wave runs into discrete phase drop and bubble, reflex can occur, and it is poor to produce the frequency of sound wave relevant with reflecting object (discrete phase drop and bubble) flow velocity at ultrasonic receiving end, i.e. ultrasonic Doppler effect.Utilize this effect can effectively obtain the velocity flow profile information of oil gas water multiphase.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of accurate, non-turbulent polyphasic flow procedure parameter visual testing method.Sensor of the present invention and measuring method, by electric sensor array and the combined extraction polyphasic flow of sonac flowing information, application message integration technology is processed the multi-source information of polyphasic flow, not to Multiphase Flow generation disturbance and without carrying out pre-separation or mixing to measuring fluid, realize the Obtaining Accurate of polyphasic flow process void fraction and phase-splitting flow velocity, the correct identification of flow pattern and the visual reconstruction distributing mutually.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of ultrasonic Doppler and electric sensor combination polyphasic flow visual testing device, procedure parameter for the heterogeneous fluid to the tested pipeline of flowing through is measured, and comprises that electric sensor array, ultrasonic sensor array, electrical signal generation and detecting unit, ultrasonic signal generation and detecting unit, flow parameter calculate and visualization, described electric sensor array comprises two groups of electrod-arrays that are distributed in tested pipeline same cross-sectional position, described ultrasonic sensor array comprises two groups of linear transducer arrays that are distributed in tested pipeline different cross section position, every group of linear transducer array is made up of plural ultrasonic probe, wherein work in ultrasonic Doppler mode for first group, comprise high frequency ultrasound probe and low frequency ultrasound probe, the former is for launching high-frequency ultrasonic signal, to obtain the drop flow velocity in tested heterogeneous fluid, the latter is for launching the ultrasonic signal of low frequency, to obtain the air bubble flow rate in tested heterogeneous fluid, second group with ultrasonic transmission beam method work, obtain tested heterogeneous fluid phase content by ultrasonic amplitude attenuation, described electric sensor array and ultrasonic sensor array form a set of bimodal sensor array, pair of electrodes in electrical signal generation and detecting unit gating electric sensor array is as exciting electrode pair, one of them electrode is exciting electrode, another electrode is ground-electrode, described exciting electrode between set up electricity sensitivity field, measure electric potential difference between remaining electrode, for first group of ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic signal generation is sent ultrasound wave with a probe in this group linear transducer array of detecting unit gating, and this probe self or another probe receive ultrasound wave, and ultrasound intensity is converted to electric signal and extracts frequency displacement information, for second group of ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic signal generation is sent ultrasound wave with a probe in this group linear transducer array of detecting unit gating, and the one or more probes in all the other probes receive ultrasound waves, and ultrasound intensity is converted to electric signal and extracts amplitude information, electrical signal generation occurs with together with signal that detecting unit obtains with ultrasonic signal with detecting unit, sends into flow parameter and calculates and visualization, realizes the calculating of flow pattern ONLINE RECOGNITION, phase content and phase-splitting flow velocity, and the visual reconstruction and the demonstration that distribute mutually.
The change in electrical properties sensitivity of information detection technology based on the responsive principle of electricity to detected fluid, as conductivity or specific inductive capacity, but fuzzy to boundary information between the larger liquid phase of density difference, be difficult for obtaining.And in polyphasic flow, due to the greatest differences of gas phase and liquid interface place acoustic impedance, make very obviously (can reach 99%) of the ultrasonic reflection characteristic at liquid-gas interface, therefore ultrasonic have fabulous resolution characteristic to gas-liquid interphase.Meanwhile, ultrasound wave produces reflection wave in the interface of drop or bubble, and the frequency change of this reflection wave is relevant with the speed of reflecting body, i.e. ultrasonic Doppler effect can realize the measurement of disperse phase (drop or bubble) flow velocity.Therefore, to combine with the sensor array based on ultrasonic sensitive principle based on the responsive principle of electricity, utilize electric sensor array to obtain liquid phase flowing information, utilize ultrasonic sensor array to obtain gas phase flowing information, can realize accurately, all sidedly multiphase flow pattern ONLINE RECOGNITION, phase content and phase flow velocity On-line Estimation, and the visual reconstruction distributing mutually.Beneficial effect of the present invention and advantage are as follows:
1, measurement method of electricity has good differentiation effect to the electric conductivity of heterogeneous fluid, also to the water sensitive in oil gas aqueous mixtures.And the ultrasonic variable density sensitivity to heterogeneous fluid, two classes are measured mode complementarity;
2, ultrasound Doppler's method can directly obtain the flow rate information of detected fluid;
3, the method is non-invasive measurement means, can not produce any disturbance by convection cell;
4, multisensor array can obtain Multiphase Flow process is more fully described;
5, measuring speed is fast, and cost is low;
6, the image of the instantaneous phase distribution of detected fluid can be provided, and the measurement result of procedure parameter is carried out to visual demonstration.
Brief description of the drawings
Describe the selected embodiment of the present invention with figure below, be exemplary diagram and non exhaustive or restricted, wherein:
Fig. 1 apparatus of the present invention one-piece construction figure; Wherein, 0-carrys out flow path direction; 1-pipeline; 2-electric sensor array, comprises being used alone or in combination of capacitive electrode and conductance type electrode, and realizes electric capacity and electric electrode of leading detection simultaneously; 3-electrical signal occurs and collecting unit; 4-ultrasonic sensor array; 5-ultrasonic signal occurs and collecting unit; 6-flow parameter calculates and visualization
Fig. 2 apparatus of the present invention electric sensor array junctions composition, wherein Fig. 2 (a) is sensor array structure side view, comprises tested pipeline 1, is installed on the arc-shaped electrode array 2 of different cross section position; Fig. 2 (b) is longitudinal A-A cross-sectional view; Fig. 2 (c) is horizontal B-B cross-sectional view;
Fig. 3 apparatus of the present invention ultrasonic sensor array structural drawing, wherein Fig. 3 (a) is sensor array structure side view, comprises tested pipeline 1 and ultrasonic probe array (4a, 4b); Fig. 3 (b) is longitudinal B-B cross-sectional view; Fig. 3 (c) is horizontal A-A cross-sectional view.
Ultrasonic and the electricity bimodal measuring system structural drawing of Fig. 4 apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 5 apparatus of the present invention electrical signal occurs and detecting unit structural drawing;
Fig. 6 apparatus of the present invention ultrasonic signal occurs and detecting unit structural drawing;
Fig. 7 apparatus of the present invention computing center functional structure chart.
Embodiment
Below describing in detail and manufacture and operate step of the present invention, be intended to describe as embodiments of the invention, is not can be manufactured or unique form of utilizing, and the embodiment that can realize identical function to other also should comprise within the scope of the invention.Electrical measurement in the present invention comprises the detection of resistance, electric capacity or electromagnetic information, both can use several electrical measurement modes also can use respectively simultaneously.
Below in conjunction with instructions, figure describes embodiments of the invention in detail.
Fig. 1 has described the one-piece construction figure of apparatus of the present invention, comprises that 1, one group of electric sensor array 2 of a tested pipeline section and coupled electrical signal occur to occur and collecting unit 5 with 3, one groups of ultrasonic sensor arrays 4 of collecting unit and ultrasonic signal.Electric sensor array 2 comprises that a group or more is made up of multiple electrodes that are distributed in tested pipeline same cross-sectional position; Ultrasonic sensor array 4 comprises two groups of linear transducer arrays that are distributed in tested pipeline different cross section position, every group of linear transducer array is made up of plural ultrasonic probe, wherein work in ultrasonic Doppler mode for first group, comprise high frequency ultrasound probe and low frequency ultrasound probe, the former is for launching high-frequency ultrasonic signal, to obtain the drop flow velocity in tested heterogeneous fluid, the latter is for launching the ultrasonic signal of low frequency, to obtain the air bubble flow rate in tested heterogeneous fluid, second group with ultrasonic transmission beam method work, obtains tested heterogeneous fluid phase content by ultrasonic amplitude attenuation; Described electric sensor array 2 is installed (without erection sequence requirement on tested pipeline with ultrasonic sensor array 4 simultaneously, can crossover location install), work simultaneously, form a set of bimodal sensor array, and Multiphase Flow is not caused to any interference, the erection sequence that therefore two described class sensor arrays are listed in pipeline upstream and downstream does not affect measurement effect.
When tested polyphasic flow is when always flow path direction 0 enters tested pipeline section, electric sensor array 2 can occur to obtain with collecting unit 3 measurement data that comprises detected fluid conductivity/specific inductive capacity (water phase content) fluctuation information by electrical signal, and the measurement data of the fluctuation of detected fluid gas phase content and flow velocity can occur to obtain with collecting unit 5 by ultrasonic signal ultrasonic sensor array 4.Above information is sent into flow parameter calculating simultaneously and carry out flow pattern identification with visualization 6, judge whether external phase conducts electricity, and according to capacitive transducer or the conductivity sensor differentiated in result choice for use electric sensor array 2, reconstruction and water phase content that the electric capacity obtaining according to electrical signal generation and collecting unit 3 or conductance measurement data are carried out conductivity or specific inductive capacity distribution (water distribution) calculate, occur to obtain measurement data with collecting unit 5 according to ultrasonic signal and carry out the reconstruction of acoustic impedance distribution (Gas distribution) and the calculating of flow velocity and gas phase content.Finally select computation model according to flow pattern recognition result, obtain and mix and phase-splitting flow velocity.
The electric sensor array junctions composition of Fig. 2 apparatus of the present invention, sensor array is classified the arc-shaped electrode array 2 that is arranged on tested pipeline 1 as and is formed, and comprises two and above arc-shaped electrode being arranged in the same sectional position of tested pipeline.Arc-shaped electrode size and number can change depending on application conditions.When work, can on arc-shaped electrode, apply pumping signal arbitrarily, other electrode groundings form exciting electrode pair arbitrarily.At this exciting electrode, centre is formed to electrical measurement sensitivity field, in the time that heterogeneous fluid flows through this sensitivity field, due to electrical parameter in field along with multiphase medium containing rate and changes in distribution, cause between exciting electrode pair, and corresponding variation occurs electric potential difference between other electrodes, can realize the measurement of polyphasic flow parameter by measuring this electric potential difference.Electrical measurement in the present invention comprises the detection of resistance, electric capacity or electromagnetic information, both can use several electrical measurement modes also can use respectively simultaneously, can in same cross section, realize the variation of same cross section internal information by the electrode of different size is installed and obtain, therefore the electrode structure of this device has various ways.The electric sensor array of apparatus of the present invention can use the pumping signal of different frequency, realizes polyphasic flow information and more fully extracts by obtaining the response data of tested heterogeneous fluid under different excitation signal frequency.
Fig. 3 is the ultrasonic sensor array of apparatus of the present invention, comprise that many covers are arranged on the ultrasonic probe array (4a of tested pipeline different cross section position, 4b) composition, every cover linear transducer array comprises more than two and two ultrasonic probe being arranged in the same sectional position of tested pipeline 1, wherein work in ultrasonic Doppler mode for one group, obtain tested heterogeneous fluid flow velocity, other one group with ultrasonic transmission beam method work, obtain tested heterogeneous fluid phase content.Ultrasonic probe size and number can change depending on application conditions.When work, can on any probe in same cross section, apply pumping signal, arbitrary other probes receive ultrasonic signal, become exciting electrode pair.At this exciting electrode, centre is formed to ultrasonic modulation and measure sensitivity field, in the time that heterogeneous fluid flows through this sensitivity field, due to Media density in field along with multiphase medium containing rate and changes in distribution, cause ultrasonic modulation to measure ultrasound intensity in sensitivity field corresponding variation occurs, obtain this ultrasound information by acoustic-electric conversion equipment (as piezoelectric ceramics etc.), and then realize the measurement of phase content in ultrasonic measurement path and the reconstruction of Gas distribution.
The Doppler shift modulating characteristic difference ultrasonic incident wave of different frequency being produced due to the particle of different size, and in the moving process of oil gas water multiphase, the size of the oil droplet (or water droplet) in liquid phase will be significantly less than bubble, and ultrasonic different from the ultrasonic reflectivity at liquid-gas interface place at water-oil interface, therefore the ultrasonic sensor array of apparatus of the present invention can use the pumping signal of different frequency, the measurement of different size drop and air bubble flow rate in realizing polyphasic flow by the ultrasonic frequency displacement in varying strength and time scale of collection different frequency, and then realize the measurement of each phase-splitting flow velocity in conjunction with void fraction result of calculation.
Fig. 4 has described the ultrasonic of apparatus of the present invention and electricity bimodal measuring system structure, comprise electric sensor array stimulating and detecting unit, ultrasonic sensor array excitation and detecting unit, computer bus and computing center realize the metrical information of bimodal sensor and obtain under same bus platform.Electric sensor array stimulating and detecting unit are for setting up electricity sensitivity field at tested pipeline 1, and then acquisition multiphase flow water content information, can realize electricity and lead obtaining of different modalities sensor information with electricity, and concrete structure as shown in Figure 5; Ultrasonic sensor array excitation is launched ultrasound wave with detecting unit for the heterogeneous fluid to tested pipeline 1, and then obtains polyphasic flow void fraction and flow rate information, and concrete structure as shown in Figure 6.Electric sensor array stimulating and detecting unit, and the measurement data that obtains of ultrasonic sensor array excitation and detecting unit sent into computing center and implemented the real-time processing of signal by computer bus, realize the calculating of flow pattern identification, phase content and flow velocity and the reconstruction that mobile phase distributes.
Fig. 5 has described electrical signal and has occurred and detecting unit structure.Excitation and the signals collecting that electric capacity and electricity can be led to two kinds of electricity mode sensors realize in same measuring system.System control and configuration information are sent to logic control element by computing machine by computer bus, and by logic control element, entire system work-based logic and parameter are controlled and set, require to realize the generation of pumping signal and the lifting of signal driver ability according to default in pumping signal generation module, adopt electric voltage controlled voltage source (VCVS) or electric voltage-controlled current source (VCCS) that original excitation signal is converted to amplitude and adjustable constant voltage or the current signal of phase place, and by the logic control counter electrode of gating electric capacity/conductance electrode array according to certain rules, pumping signal is applied to and in measurement space, forms electricity sensitivity field.In the time that heterogeneous fluid flows through described electricity sensitivity field, because changing, the electrical parameter of fluid cause electric-field intensity distribution to change, and then can obtain different electric potential differences in electrod-array, utilize signal demodulation module and reference signal that this electric potential difference is carried out to demodulation process, extract and comprise the simulating signal that Phase Volume Fraction for Multi-phase Flow changes, and send into analog-digital conversion (A/D conversion) array and realize the digitizing of simulating signal, then by computer bus, measurement data is delivered to computing center and realize the calculating of flow parameter and the visual reconstruction that electrical parameter distributes.
Fig. 6 has described ultrasonic signal and has occurred and detecting unit structure.System control and configuration information are sent to logic control element by computing machine by computer bus, and by logic control element, entire system work-based logic and parameter are controlled and set, require to realize the generation of pumping signal in pumping signal generation module according to default.By the logic control element correspondence probe of gating ultrasonic sensor array according to certain rules, make pumping signal pass through electroacoustic translation function and produce ultrasound wave, in the time that heterogeneous fluid flows through described transonic path, because gas-liquid two-phase density difference can be at liquid-gas interface place by a part of ultrasonic reflection, and some not received probe reception of reflection supersonic wave, gas phase size in the attenuation amplitude of the ultrasonic amplitude of transmissive portion and transonic path has direct relation, frequency change and the flow velocity of reflection wave have direct relation, and by differential amplification and filtering circuit, signal is carried out transferring digital signal to by A/D conversion array after shaping, send into computing center by computer bus, utilize image reconstruction algorithm and flow parameter computation model to realize Gas distribution image reconstruction and flow parameters extraction.
Fig. 7 has described the functional structure of computing center, comprises the phase content abstraction function of electric sensor array and ultrasonic sensor array measurement data, ultrasonic Doppler speed measuring function, and flow process distribute mutually rebuild with parameter visualization function.The phase content computing unit that the measurement data of electric sensor array and ultrasonic sensor array is sent into respectively is separately realized obtaining of phase content information, the frequency change of ultrasonic sensor array reflection wave that utilization is surveyed realizes flow relocity calculation, electric sensor array and the measurement data of ultrasonic sensor array is carried out information fusion and is distributed and rebuild mutually simultaneously.Flow velocity and the phase content information of utilizing electric sensor array and ultrasonic sensor array to obtain are sent into calculation of parameter and visualization and realize the visual output of net result together with the phase distribution results of rebuilding.
Claims (1)
1. a ultrasonic Doppler and electric sensor combination polyphasic flow visual testing device, procedure parameter for the heterogeneous fluid to the tested pipeline of flowing through is measured, and comprises that electric sensor array, ultrasonic sensor array, electrical signal generation and detecting unit, ultrasonic signal generation and detecting unit, flow parameter calculate and visualization, described electric sensor array comprises two groups of electrod-arrays that are distributed in tested pipeline same cross-sectional position, described ultrasonic sensor array comprises two groups of linear transducer arrays that are distributed in tested pipeline different cross section position, every group of linear transducer array is made up of plural ultrasonic probe, wherein work in ultrasonic Doppler mode for first group, comprise high frequency ultrasound probe and low frequency ultrasound probe, the former is for launching high-frequency ultrasonic signal, to obtain the drop flow velocity in tested heterogeneous fluid, the latter is for launching the ultrasonic signal of low frequency, to obtain the air bubble flow rate in tested heterogeneous fluid, second group with ultrasonic transmission beam method work, obtain tested heterogeneous fluid phase content by ultrasonic amplitude attenuation, described electric sensor array and ultrasonic sensor array form a set of bimodal sensor array, pair of electrodes in electrical signal generation and detecting unit gating electric sensor array is as exciting electrode pair, one of them electrode is exciting electrode, another electrode is ground-electrode, described exciting electrode between set up electricity sensitivity field, measure electric potential difference between remaining electrode, for first group of ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic signal generation is sent ultrasound wave with a probe in this group linear transducer array of detecting unit gating, and this probe self or another probe receive ultrasound wave, and ultrasound intensity is converted to electric signal and extracts frequency displacement information, for second group of ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic signal generation is sent ultrasound wave with a probe in this group linear transducer array of detecting unit gating, and the one or more probes in all the other probes receive ultrasound waves, and ultrasound intensity is converted to electric signal and extracts amplitude information, electrical signal generation occurs with together with signal that detecting unit obtains with ultrasonic signal with detecting unit, sends into flow parameter and calculates and visualization, realizes the calculating of flow pattern ONLINE RECOGNITION, phase content and phase-splitting flow velocity, and the visual reconstruction and the demonstration that distribute mutually.
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