CN107285831A - The fertilizing method of bletilla striata plantation - Google Patents

The fertilizing method of bletilla striata plantation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107285831A
CN107285831A CN201710485772.2A CN201710485772A CN107285831A CN 107285831 A CN107285831 A CN 107285831A CN 201710485772 A CN201710485772 A CN 201710485772A CN 107285831 A CN107285831 A CN 107285831A
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China
Prior art keywords
bletilla striata
fertilizer
potassium sulfate
topdressing
plantation
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CN201710485772.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
熊婷婷
夏四艳
许正芳
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Ningguo Immortal Home Farm
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Ningguo Immortal Home Farm
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Priority to CN201710485772.2A priority Critical patent/CN107285831A/en
Publication of CN107285831A publication Critical patent/CN107285831A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/02Superphosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05CNITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C9/00Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of fertilizing method of bletilla striata plantation, comprise the following steps:Urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, ammonium molybdate are applied in plantation soil as base manure first when the bletilla striata plants preplanting treatment, then urea, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax are applied when topdressing in bletilla striata growth period, topdress several times application, the base manure and consumption of various fertilizer is every mu of 55~65kg of urea in topdressing, 60~70kg of calcium superphosphate, 18~22kg of potassium sulfate, 2.5~3.5kg of borax, 2.5~3.5kg of zinc sulfate, 0.25~0.35kg of ammonium molybdate.The advantage of the invention is that:Rational N P and K and zinc fertilizer, boron fertilizer, the Application Ratio of molydbenum fertilizer, make the yield and quality of the bletilla striata be optimal combination;According to the growth cycle arrangement plan of topdressing of the bletilla striata, its yield and quality is set to be improved.

Description

The fertilizing method of bletilla striata plantation
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fertilizing method in Chinese medicine cultivation field, more particularly to a kind of plantation of bletilla striata.
Background technology
The bletilla striata is orchid family herbaceos perennial, and the high 18~60cm of plant, pseudobulb of coming into being is grown into certain for spheroidal The block pseudobulb of degree formation V-shaped, 4~May of florescence, 7~September of fruiting period.
The bletilla striata is liked at warm, dark and damp environment, such as wild mountain valley sylvan life.Slightly resist cold, In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River can open country cultivation Training.Shade tolerance is strong, avoids strong light direct beam, blade is easily withered and yellow during summer hot and dry weather.The good husky earth containing more than humus of suitable draining Soil, is frequently grown in the relatively cliff of moistening, liver moss layer, is often combined with shrub, or be grown on border, thick grass, have mountain spring Place, is also born under the evergreen broadleaf forest of 100~3200 meters of height above sea level, a woods or coniferous forest.
The stem tuber of the bletilla striata is as Chinese medicine, and with very high medical value and economic value, wild bletilla striata is far from satisfaction Market needs, and artificial cultivation is the main channel of bletilla striata industry sustainable development.Bletilla striata crop cycle is longer, general plantation the 3rd Year could harvest, and medicinal material market fluctuation is larger, causes prospective earnings risk larger.Existing bletilla striata cultivation technique imperfection, Technology without specification in terms of field management technology such as fertilising, causes the yield and Quality Down of bletilla striata stem tuber.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of bletilla striata plantation for improving bletilla striata Tuber yields and quality Fertilizing method.
The present invention is to solve above-mentioned technical problem by the following technical programs:The fertilizing method of bletilla striata plantation, including with Lower step:Urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, ammonium molybdate are applied into plantation soil as base manure first when the bletilla striata plants preplanting treatment In earth, urea, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax are then applied when topdressing in bletilla striata growth period, topdress several times application, base The fertilizer and consumption of various fertilizer is every mu of 55~65kg of urea, 60~70kg of calcium superphosphate, 18~22kg of potassium sulfate, boron in topdressing 2.5~3.5kg of sand, 2.5~3.5kg of zinc sulfate, 0.25~0.35kg of ammonium molybdate.
As the technical scheme of optimization, the fertilizer amount in base manure is every mu of 10~12kg of urea, calcium superphosphate 60~ 70kg, 3~4kg of potassium sulfate, 0.25~0.35kg of ammonium molybdate.
As the technical scheme of optimization, bletilla striata growth period is topdressed three times every year, carries out annual March to April chasing after for the first time Fertilizer, May to June is topdressed for the second time, and August to September carries out third time and topdressed, and altogether topdress for nine times within 3 years.According to the bletilla striata The growth cycle arrangement plan of topdressing, its yield and quality is improved.
As the technical scheme of optimization, 4~5kg of urea, 1.3~1.5kg of potassium sulfate are applied for every mu when topdressing for the first time every year, 0.9~1.1kg of zinc sulfate, 0.9~1.1kg of borax;8~9kg of urea, 2.5~3kg of potassium sulfate are applied when topdressing for the second time for every mu; The fertilizer amount that third time is topdressed applies 3~4kg of urea, 1.2~1.4kg of potassium sulfate for every mu.
As the technical scheme of optimization, the nutrient situation of the plantation soil is:The topsoil soils content of organic matter be 30~ 50g/kg, available nitrogen 0.04g/kg~0.1g/kg, rapid available phosphorus 0.005g/kg~0.02g/kg, available potassium 0.02g/kg~ 0.15g/kg, pH are 5~7.The nutrient situation for planting soil is adapted to bletilla striata growth, and the fertilising of the bletilla striata is formulated according to its nutrient situation Scheme.
Experiment sets different nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, K Amounts to analyze it to bletilla striata stem tuber polysaccharide and protein content Influence, bletilla striata kind is the trident bletilla striata, and nitrogenous fertilizer uses urea, is 46% containing N, phosphate fertilizer uses calcium superphosphate, containing P2O5For 16%, potash fertilizer uses potassium sulfate, containing K2O is 33%, and whole phosphate fertilizer, 40% nitrogenous fertilizer and 40% potash fertilizer are applied as base manure Enter, applied during 60% nitrogenous fertilizer and 60% potash fertilizer are topdressed at each time of bletilla striata growth period, each scheme is repeated 3 times, totally 30 Individual cell, each plot area is 6m2, the line-spacing of the plantation bletilla striata is 30cm, and spacing in the rows is 15cm.
The influence of table 1 different nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, K Amounts to bletilla striata stem tuber polysaccharide and protein content.
It can be drawn by table 1:Phosphate fertilizer is the most notable to the effect for improving bletilla striata stem tuber polyoses content, next to that nitrogenous fertilizer, most After be potash fertilizer, fertilizer applications 3,5,6,9 all significantly improve the polyoses content of bletilla striata stem tuber;Potash fertilizer is to improving bletilla striata stem tuber albumen The effect of matter content is the most notable, next to that phosphate fertilizer, is finally nitrogenous fertilizer, fertilizer applications 1,5,6,9 all significantly improve bletilla striata block The protein content of stem.
The influence of table 2 different nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, K Amounts to bletilla striata Tuber yields.
Fertilizer applications Urea (kg/ mus) Calcium superphosphate (kg/ mus) Potassium sulfate (kg/ mus) Yield (kg/ mus)
1 30 32.5 20 277.81
2 30 65 40 367.44
3 30 97.5 60 239.98
4 60 32.5 40 340.37
5 60 65 60 382.37
6 60 97.5 20 404.49
7 90 32.5 60 288.28
8 90 65 20 206.32
9 90 97.5 40 165.77
Control group 0 0 0 205.93
It can be drawn by table 2:Nitrogenous fertilizer is the most notable to the effect for improving bletilla striata Tuber yields, next to that phosphate fertilizer, is finally Potash fertilizer, fertilizer applications 2,4,5,6 all significantly improve the yield of bletilla striata stem tuber.
Comprehensive analysis, chooses bletilla striata Tuber yields highest and significantly improves applying for bletilla striata stem tuber polysaccharide and protein content Fertile scheme 6, i.e., every mu is applied urea 60kg, calcium superphosphate 65kg, potassium sulfate 20kg.
In bletilla striata growth course in addition to needing Rational Application nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, also need suitably increase zinc fertilizer, boron fertilizer, Molydbenum fertilizer.Zinc can promote photosynthesis, be also the constituent of a variety of enzymes, participate in the division of cell and the synthesis of protein;Boron energy Promote the transport of sugar;Molybdenum participates in the metabolism and assimilation of nitrogen, promotes the transfer of photosynthesis and carbohydrate, can improve chlorophyll Content and stability.These trace elements are the indispensable elements of plant growth, but excessive concentration also can produce murder by poisoning to plant.
Experiment sets different zinc fertilizers, boron fertilizer, the amount of application of molydbenum fertilizer to analyze its influence to bletilla striata stem tuber polyoses content, Bletilla striata kind is the trident bletilla striata, and zinc fertilizer uses zinc sulfate, and boron fertilizer used borax, and molydbenum fertilizer uses ammonium molybdate, regard molydbenum fertilizer as base Fertilizer is applied jointly with nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, with nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer during zinc fertilizer and boron fertilizer are topdressed at each time of bletilla striata growth period Common to apply, each scheme is repeated 3 times, totally 30 cells, and each plot area is 6m2, the line-spacing of the plantation bletilla striata is 30cm, and spacing in the rows is 15cm。
The influence of table 3 different zinc fertilizers, boron fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer amount of application to bletilla striata stem tuber polyoses content.
Fertilizer applications Zinc sulfate (kg/ mus) Borax (kg/ mus) Ammonium molybdate (kg/ mus) Polyoses content
1 3 3 0.3 37.71%
2 3 1.5 0.15 33.57%
3 3 0 0.45 24.33%
4 1.5 3 0.15 30.18%
5 1.5 1.5 0.45 31.35%
6 1.5 0 0.3 26.47%
7 0 3 0.45 22.74%
8 0 1.5 0.3 25.91%
9 0 0 0.15 27.69%
Control group 0 0 0 25.17%
It can be drawn by table 3:When zinc fertilizer, boron fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer amount of application are in suitable proportion, the bletilla striata can be significantly improved The polyoses content of stem tuber, causes nutrient imbalance when ratio is improper, then can reduce the polyoses content of bletilla striata stem tuber, fertilizer applications 1,2, 4th, 5 polyoses content for all significantly improving bletilla striata stem tuber.
The influence of table 4 different zinc fertilizers, boron fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer amount of application to bletilla striata Tuber yields.
Fertilizer applications Zinc sulfate (kg/ mus) Borax (kg/ mus) Ammonium molybdate (kg/ mus) Yield (kg/ mus)
1 3 3 0.3 426.22
2 3 1.5 0.15 416.19
3 3 0 0.45 336.17
4 1.5 3 0.15 416.21
5 1.5 1.5 0.45 362.18
6 1.5 0 0.3 356.18
7 0 3 0.45 280.13
8 0 1.5 0.3 342.18
9 0 0 0.15 272.14
Control group 0 0 0 337.25.
It can be drawn by table 4:When zinc fertilizer, boron fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer amount of application are in suitable proportion, the bletilla striata can be significantly improved The yield of stem tuber, causes nutrient imbalance when ratio is improper, then can reduce the yield of bletilla striata stem tuber, and fertilizer applications 1,2,4 are all notable Improve the yield of bletilla striata stem tuber.
Comprehensive analysis, chooses bletilla striata Tuber yields highest and significantly improves the fertilizer applications 1 of bletilla striata stem tuber polyoses content, I.e. every mu is applied borax 3kg, zinc sulfate 3kg, ammonium molybdate 0.3kg.
The advantage of the invention is that:Rational N P and K and zinc fertilizer, boron fertilizer, the Application Ratio of molydbenum fertilizer, make the bletilla striata Yield and quality are optimal combination;According to the growth cycle arrangement plan of topdressing of the bletilla striata, its yield and quality is set to be carried It is high.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
The fertilizing method of bletilla striata plantation, comprises the following steps:
Base manure is applied in plantation soil when the bletilla striata plants preplanting treatment first, the nutrient situation of plantation soil is:Topsoil Soil organic matter content be 30~50g/kg, available nitrogen 0.04g/kg~0.1g/kg, rapid available phosphorus 0.005g/kg~0.02g/kg, Available potassium 0.02g/kg~0.15g/kg, pH are 5~7.
Fertilizer amount in base manure is every mu of urea 10kg, calcium superphosphate 60kg, potassium sulfate 3kg, ammonium molybdate 0.25kg.
Then topdressed every year three times in bletilla striata growth period, altogether topdress for nine times within 3 years;Carry out the annual March to April Once topdress, every mu is applied urea 4kg, potassium sulfate 1.3kg, zinc sulfate 0.9kg, borax 0.9kg;May to June is chased after for the second time Fertilizer, every mu is applied urea 8kg, potassium sulfate 2.5kg;August to September carries out third time and topdressed, and every mu is applied urea 3kg, potassium sulfate 1.2kg。
Using the fertilizing method of the present embodiment, polysaccharide and protein content are all obtained in the yield and stem tuber of bletilla striata stem tuber Significantly improve.
Embodiment two:
The fertilizing method of bletilla striata plantation, comprises the following steps:
Base manure is applied in plantation soil when the bletilla striata plants preplanting treatment first, the nutrient situation of plantation soil is:Topsoil Soil organic matter content be 30~50g/kg, available nitrogen 0.04g/kg~0.1g/kg, rapid available phosphorus 0.005g/kg~0.02g/kg, Available potassium 0.02g/kg~0.15g/kg, pH are 5~7.
Fertilizer amount in base manure is every mu of urea 11kg, calcium superphosphate 65kg, potassium sulfate 3.5kg, ammonium molybdate 0.3kg.
Then topdressed every year three times in bletilla striata growth period, altogether topdress for nine times within 3 years;Carry out the annual March to April Once topdress, every mu is applied urea 4.5kg, potassium sulfate 1.4kg, zinc sulfate 1kg, borax 1kg;May to June is chased after for the second time Fertilizer, every mu is applied urea 8.5kg, potassium sulfate 2.8kg;August to September carries out third time and topdressed, and every mu is applied urea 4kg, potassium sulfate 1.3kg。
Using the fertilizing method of the present embodiment, polysaccharide and protein content are all obtained in the yield and stem tuber of bletilla striata stem tuber Significantly improve.
Embodiment three:
The fertilizing method of bletilla striata plantation, comprises the following steps:
Base manure is applied in plantation soil when the bletilla striata plants preplanting treatment first, the nutrient situation of plantation soil is:Topsoil Soil organic matter content be 30~50g/kg, available nitrogen 0.04g/kg~0.1g/kg, rapid available phosphorus 0.005g/kg~0.02g/kg, Available potassium 0.02g/kg~0.15g/kg, pH are 5~7.
Fertilizer amount in base manure is every mu of urea 12kg, calcium superphosphate 70kg, potassium sulfate 4kg, ammonium molybdate 0.35kg.
Then topdressed every year three times in bletilla striata growth period, altogether topdress for nine times within 3 years;Carry out the annual March to April Once topdress, every mu is applied urea 5kg, potassium sulfate 1.5kg, zinc sulfate 1.1kg, borax 1.1kg;May to June is chased after for the second time Fertilizer, every mu is applied urea 9kg, potassium sulfate 3kg;August to September carries out third time and topdressed, and every mu is applied urea 3.5kg, potassium sulfate 1.4kg。
Using the fertilizing method of the present embodiment, polysaccharide and protein content are all obtained in the yield and stem tuber of bletilla striata stem tuber Significantly improve.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of fertilizing method of bletilla striata plantation, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:Will first when the bletilla striata plants preplanting treatment Urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, ammonium molybdate are applied in plantation soil as base manure, then in the bletilla striata growth period when topdressing Apply urea, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, borax, applications of topdressing several times, the base manure and consumption of various fertilizer is urinated for every mu in topdressing Element 55~65kg, 60~70kg of calcium superphosphate, 18~22kg of potassium sulfate, 2.5~3.5kg of borax, 2.5~3.5kg of zinc sulfate, molybdenum Sour 0.25~0.35kg of ammonium.
2. the fertilizing method of bletilla striata plantation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Fertilizer amount in base manure is every mu of urine Element 10~12kg, 60~70kg of calcium superphosphate, 3~4kg of potassium sulfate, 0.25~0.35kg of ammonium molybdate.
3. the fertilizing method of bletilla striata plantation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Bletilla striata growth period topdresses three every year It is secondary, carry out annual March to April topdressing for the first time, May to June is topdressed for the second time, August to September carries out third time and topdressed, Altogether topdress for nine times within 3 years.
4. the fertilizing method of bletilla striata plantation as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:Urine is applied when topdressing for the first time every year for every mu Element 4~5kg, 1.3~1.5kg of potassium sulfate, 0.9~1.1kg of zinc sulfate, 0.9~1.1kg of borax;Applied for every mu when topdressing for the second time 8~9kg of urea, 2.5~3kg of potassium sulfate;The fertilizer amount that topdresses of third time applies 3~4kg of urea for every mu, and potassium sulfate 1.2~ 1.4kg。
5. the fertilizing method of bletilla striata plantation as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The nutrient situation of the plantation soil For:The topsoil soils content of organic matter be 30~50g/kg, available nitrogen 0.04g/kg~0.1g/kg, rapid available phosphorus 0.005g/kg~ 0.02g/kg, available potassium 0.02g/kg~0.15g/kg, pH are 5~7.
CN201710485772.2A 2017-06-23 2017-06-23 The fertilizing method of bletilla striata plantation Pending CN107285831A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109197078A (en) * 2018-09-05 2019-01-15 许发平 A method of improving bletilla striata Tuber yields and quality
CN110178660A (en) * 2019-07-11 2019-08-30 正安县天缘生态科技有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of the bletilla striata
CN114916278A (en) * 2022-04-11 2022-08-19 海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所 Soil improvement method for vegetable planting

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109197078A (en) * 2018-09-05 2019-01-15 许发平 A method of improving bletilla striata Tuber yields and quality
CN110178660A (en) * 2019-07-11 2019-08-30 正安县天缘生态科技有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of the bletilla striata
CN114916278A (en) * 2022-04-11 2022-08-19 海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所 Soil improvement method for vegetable planting

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Application publication date: 20171024