CN107265499B - 一种制备PrTiO3粉体的方法 - Google Patents

一种制备PrTiO3粉体的方法 Download PDF

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CN107265499B
CN107265499B CN201710668560.8A CN201710668560A CN107265499B CN 107265499 B CN107265499 B CN 107265499B CN 201710668560 A CN201710668560 A CN 201710668560A CN 107265499 B CN107265499 B CN 107265499B
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CN107265499A (zh
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唐培松
陈海锋
吕春燕
王永亚
王坤燕
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Foshan Shunde Junan Town Yongji Industrial Co ltd
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Huzhou University
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    • C01G23/00Compounds of titanium
    • C01G23/003Titanates
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Abstract

一种制备PrTiO3粉体的方法,它涉及一种ABO3型稀土钙钛矿复合氧化物PrTiO3材料的制备方法。本发明采用微波协助法,以硝酸镨、钛酸乙酯、柠檬酸三铵为原料,制备了平均粒径为0.5μm左右,并且具有优良可见光催化活性的PrTiO3粉体。其步骤分为反应溶液的配制和粉体产品的制备两步。本发明为PrTiO3粉体产品的制备开发了新工业,达到了操作简单、快速高效、成本相对较低、可工业化生产PrTiO3粉体的目的。

Description

一种制备PrTiO3粉体的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及稀土ABO3型钙钛矿复合氧化物材料的制备,特别是涉及一种制备PrTiO3粉体的方法。
背景技术
PrTiO3(钛酸镨)属于一种ABO3型稀土钙钛矿复合氧化物,正如文献(Journal ofMagnetism and Magnetic Materials,1984,64:299-303)报道PrTiO3是一类具有独特磁特性的稀土钙钛矿型复合氧化物材料;文献(Journal of Solid State Chemistry,1981,40:241-247)也报道 PrTiO3这类化合物由于具有特别的磁学和电学性能而受到广泛的关注。
目前,制备PrTiO3的方法主要有高温固相反应法和物理气相沉积法等。如文献(Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,1984,64:299-303)报道通过系列反应制备得到的Pr2O3和 Ti2O3为起始原料,在5×10-5Torr的真空条件,于1500℃高温固相反应10h左右制备得到 PrTiO3;文献(Sensors and Actuators B,2008,133:97-104)报道在Si基底上通过物理气相沉积法制备了Pr2O3和PrTiO3的薄膜。1500℃的高温固相反应和物理气相沉积法都需要较昂贵的特殊设备,存在制备工艺较复杂、耗时长和成本高等缺点,工业化应用前景堪忧。
微波加热技术具有加热速度快、效率高、反应条件易于控制、易于工业化和节能高效等优点,在材料制备领域具有广泛的应用,但利用微波加热技术来协助制备PrTiO3粉体还未见报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足,提供一种微波协助法制备PrTiO3粉体的方法。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的,具体步骤为:
(1)反应溶液的配制
在室温条件下,将0.0035mol硝酸镨溶于100mL去离子水中得到硝酸镨溶液,用0.5mol/L 的稀硝酸调节硝酸镨溶液的pH值等于1;在强烈搅拌条件下,向pH值等于1的硝酸镨溶液中加入0.042mol的柠檬酸三铵,待柠檬酸三铵溶解后,滴入0.0035mol钛酸乙酯得到混合溶液,将混合溶液继续搅拌反应10min得到反应溶液。
(2)粉体产品的制备
将100mL反应液放入微波炉中,在保持微波功率850W~950W条件下反应25min至完全燃烧得到初产物,冷却至室温取出初产物,将初产物放入马弗炉中于820℃~880℃温度范围煅烧2h,冷却至室温取出研磨细得到PrTiO3粉体产品。
本发明的积极效果是:采用微波法快捷的制备出初产物,再经820℃~880℃温度煅烧2h 即可得到PrTiO3粉体产品,为PrTiO3粉体产品的制备开发了新工业,达到了操作简单、快速高效、成本相对较低、可工业化生产PrTiO3粉体的目的。
附图说明
图1:实施例1所得PrTiO3产品的XRD图;
图2:实施例1所得PrTiO3产品的扫描电镜照片;
图3:实施例1所得PrTiO3产品的漫反射吸收谱;
图4:实施例1所得PrTiO3产品可见光催化降解甲基橙的降解率随时间的变化曲线。
具体实施方式
实施例1
在室温条件下,将0.0035mol硝酸镨溶于100mL去离子水中得到硝酸镨溶液,用0.5mol/L 的稀硝酸调节硝酸镨溶液的pH值等于1;在强烈搅拌条件下,向pH值等于1的硝酸镨溶液中加入0.042mol的柠檬酸三铵,待柠檬酸三铵溶解后,滴入0.0035mol钛酸乙酯得到混合溶液,将混合溶液继续搅拌反应10min得到反应溶液。将100mL反应液放入微波炉中,在保持微波功率850W条件下反应25min至完全燃烧得到初产物,冷却至室温取出初产物,将初产物放入马弗炉中于820煅烧2h,冷却至室温取出研磨细得到PrTiO3粉体产品。对得到的产品分别进行X射线衍射(XRD)分析、扫描电镜(SEM)观测和和漫反射吸收谱(DRS)测试,结果如图1、图2和图3所示。
图1是采用XD-6型X射线衍射分析仪,粉末法分析测定得到的产品的XRD图。从图1可知,所得产品的XRD图谱与标准的PrTiO3(PDF#29-1075)完全吻合,这表明制备得到的产品是PrTiO3
图2是采用日立S-3400N扫描电子显微镜测试得到的产品的扫描电镜照片。从图2可知, PrTiO3产品以平均粒径0.5μm左右的颗粒存在为主,颗粒虽有团聚,但总体上均匀性较好。
图3是采用美国热电公司的带积分球的EV220型紫外-可见光谱仪,以标准的BaSO4作为参比,将PrTiO3粉末压片,然后进行测试得到的漫反射谱,并通过Kubelka-Munk方程转换为漫反射吸收谱。从图3可知,PrTiO3的吸收边波长λ为580nm。根据Kubelka-Munk理论,利用公式E(eV)=1240/λ计算得到PrTiO3的带隙宽度为2.1eV,这为PrTiO3粉体的可见光催化活性奠定了基础。
为了表征PrTiO3粉体的可见光催化活性,光催化实验在北京中教金源科技有限公司的 CEL-HXF300型光催化反应装置中进行,光源为150W氙灯。将20mg的PrTiO3粉体加入到10mg/L的模拟污水甲基橙溶液中避光5min后,进行光催化降解实验;降解所需时间后取出离心分离去除粉体,通过紫外-可见分光光度计(λ=464nm)对离心后的澄清溶液进行吸光度的测定,从而求得PrTiO3对甲基橙的降解率,实验结果如图4所示。从图4可知,光催化反应的前30min,PrTiO3对甲基橙的光催化降解速率非常快,30min时甲基橙的降解率就达到了 55%左右;而30min至120min范围内,光催化降解速率有所变慢,经过120min光催化反应后,甲基橙的降解率达到了98.0%,这表明PrTiO3对甲基橙具有优良的可见光催化降解活性。
实施例2
在室温条件下,将0.0035mol硝酸镨溶于100mL的去离子水中得到硝酸镨溶液,用0.5mol/L的稀硝酸调节硝酸镨溶液的pH值等于1;在强烈搅拌条件下,向pH值等于1的硝酸镨溶液中加入0.042mol的柠檬酸三铵,待柠檬酸三铵溶解后,滴入0.0035mol钛酸乙酯得到混合溶液,将混合溶液继续搅拌反应10min得到反应溶液。将100mL反应液放入微波炉中,在保持微波功率950W条件下反应25min至完全燃烧得到初产物,冷却至室温取出初产物,将初产物放入马弗炉中于880煅烧2h,冷却至室温取出研磨细得到PrTiO3粉体产品。按照实施例1相同的光催化实验方法,PrTiO3光催化降解10mg/L的甲基橙溶液120min时,甲基橙降解率达到了98.5%,PrTiO3粉体产品对甲基橙表现出了优良的可见光催化降解活性。
实施例3
在室温条件下,将0.0035mol硝酸镨溶于100mL的去离子水中得到硝酸镨溶液,用0.5mol/L的稀硝酸调节硝酸镨溶液的pH值等于1;在强烈搅拌条件下,向pH值等于1的硝酸镨溶液中加入0.042mol的柠檬酸三铵,待柠檬酸三铵溶解后,滴入0.0035mol钛酸乙酯得到混合溶液,将混合溶液继续搅拌反应10min得到反应溶液。将100mL反应液放入微波炉中,在保持微波功率900W条件下反应25min至完全燃烧得到初产物,冷却至室温取出初产物,将初产物放入马弗炉中于850煅烧2h,冷却至室温取出研磨细得到PrTiO3粉体产品。按照实施例1相同的光催化实验方法,PrTiO3光催化降解10mg/L的甲基橙溶液120min时,甲基橙降解率达到了90.2%,PrTiO3粉体产品对甲基橙表现出了优良的可见光催化降解活性。

Claims (1)

1.一种制备PrTiO3粉体的方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤(1)反应溶液的配制:在室温条件下,将0.0035mol硝酸镨溶于100mL去离子水中得到硝酸镨溶液,用0.5mol/L的稀硝酸调节硝酸镨溶液的pH值等于1;在强烈搅拌条件下,向pH值等于1的硝酸镨溶液中加入0.042mol的柠檬酸三铵,待柠檬酸三铵溶解后,滴入0.0035mol钛酸乙酯得到混合溶液,将混合溶液继续搅拌反应10min得到反应溶液;(2)粉体产品的制备:将100mL反应液放入微波炉中,在微波功率为850W~950W条件下反应25min至完全燃烧得到初产物,冷却至室温取出初产物,将初产物放入温度为820℃~880℃马弗炉中煅烧2h,冷却至室温取出研磨细,得到带隙宽度为2.1eV,具有优良可见光催化活性的PrTiO3粉体产品。
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