CN107249916B - 电驱动装置和具有这样的电驱动装置的传动系装置 - Google Patents
电驱动装置和具有这样的电驱动装置的传动系装置 Download PDFInfo
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于驱动机动车的电驱动装置,包括:电机(3)、齿轮传动机构(5)和差速器(6);其中所述电机(3)具有电动机轴(9),所述电动机轴能够围绕着第一旋转轴(A1)可旋转地驱动;其中所述齿轮传动机构(5)包括与电动机轴(9)连接的驱动齿轮(14)、至少一个能够由驱动齿轮(14)围绕着第二旋转轴(A2)旋转驱动的中间齿轮(15)、能够由所述中间齿轮(15)围绕着第三旋转轴(A3)旋转驱动的冠形齿轮(16)和与冠形齿轮(16)连接的从动轮(17);其中所述从动轮(17)和所述冠形齿轮(16)彼此同轴地布置并且相互旋转固定地连接,使得它们共同围绕着第三旋转轴(A3)旋转,其中第三旋转轴(A3)与第一旋转轴(A1)交叉。本发明还涉及一种具有这样的电驱动装置(2)的传动系装置(34)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于驱动机动车的驱动轴的电驱动装置。电驱动装置可以用作机动车的唯一的驱动源或者除了内燃机之外被设置,其中电驱动装置和内燃机可以分别自身或共同叠加地驱动机动车。这样的具有两个驱动源的驱动方案也称为“混合驱动”。通常,电驱动装置包括电动机和下游的齿轮传动机构,该齿轮传动机构将所引入的旋转运动从高速传动为低速。齿轮传动机构与下游的差速器驱动连接,该差速器将所引入的扭矩分配到两个半轴上,用于驱动车轴的车辆齿轮。
背景技术
从US 2007/0023211 A1已知一种作为用于驱动机动车的前轴的辅助驱动装置的电驱动装置,该机动车具有内燃机作为用于驱动后轴的主驱动装置。电驱动装置包括电动机、行星齿轮变速器和差速器,它们彼此同轴地布置。
从EP 1 377 473 B1已知一种用于混合动力车辆的具有电动机、行星齿轮变速器和差速器的相似构造的驱动轴。
从US 2008/0223635 A1已知一种具有内燃机、齿轮传动机构、差速器、第一电动机和第二电动机的混合传动系。差速器具有两个输入端并且不仅可以由内燃机而且可以由第一电动机来驱动。第一电动机与差速器同轴地布置。
从DE 101 46 386 A1已知一种用于多轴传动的机动车的驱动单元。该驱动单元包括内燃机作为初级驱动源和电动机作为次级驱动源,该初级驱动源用于唯一地驱动第一驱动轴,该次级驱动源与初级驱动源一起用来驱动第二驱动轴。电动机和在功率路径中后置的叠加传动机构与机动车的纵驱动轴同轴地布置。
具有48伏特功率的电动机通常基于以下来设计,即在直至12000U/min的高转速下输出大约50Nm的相对小的扭矩。这使得需要使用齿轮传动机构,所述齿轮传动机构将电动机的高转速传动为低速。
发明内容
本发明所基于的任务是提出一种具有电机和为此同轴布置的差速器的驱动装置,该驱动装置占用少的结构空间并且因此适合于装配在机动车的后轴中。
一种解决方案在于一种用于驱动机动车的驱动轴的电驱动装置,该电驱动装置包括:电机、齿轮传动机构和差速器;其中电机具有被构造为空心轴的电动机轴,该电动机轴能够围绕着第一旋转轴(A)可旋转地驱动;其中齿轮传动机构包括与发动机轴连接的驱动齿轮、至少一个能够由驱动齿轮围绕着第二旋转轴旋转驱动的中间齿轮、能够由至少一个中间齿轮围绕着第三旋转轴旋转驱动的冠形齿轮以及与冠形齿轮连接的从动轮,其中从动轮和冠形齿轮彼此同轴地布置并且旋转固定地相互连接,使得它们共同围绕着第三旋转轴旋转;其中第三旋转轴与第一旋转轴交叉。
一个优点在于,电驱动装置由于差速器和电机的同轴布置以及具有冠形齿轮的齿轮传动机构的设计方案而特别紧凑地构造。齿轮传动机构被设计用于产生从高速至低速的传动。因此差速器比电动机的电动机轴慢多倍地选择。在此,冠形齿轮能够实现为了借助电机来驱动差速器所需的至低速的传动,或者传动的部分。齿轮传动机构的从动轮将扭矩传输到差速器上;该从动轮也可以被称为驱动齿轮或驱动小齿轮。差速器将所引入的扭矩分配到两个输出齿轮上,所述输出齿轮也可以被称为半轴齿轮。半轴齿轮分别用于驱动所属的半轴或机动车的与半轴连接的车轮。
电机转换能量并且可以作为电动机或发电机来工作。在电动机运行中,电机将电能转换为机械能,使得可以驱动机动车的驱动轴。在发电机运行中,电机将机械能转换为电能,该电能然后可以存储在电池中。该过程也称为回收,在该过程中机动车的制动能被回收。
齿轮传动机构或差速器的各个部件分别与用于传输扭矩的其他部件驱动连接。在此,利用表达“能够旋转驱动或驱动连接”应该分别一并包括以下可能性:在进行驱动的部件和由此被旋转驱动的部件之间可以中间连接有在功率路径中的一个或多个另外的部件。例如可以在驱动齿轮和中间齿轮之间和/或在中间齿轮和冠形齿轮之间中间连接有一个或多个另外的齿轮。也可以设想的是,在功率路径中在两个驱动连接的部件之间布置有离合器,该离合器可以可选地建立或中断扭矩传输。
冠形齿轮具有正面的齿部,该齿部指向差速器的方向并且比从动轮的齿部置于更大的直径上。冠形齿轮齿部的各个齿可以在其纵向延伸上具有不变的横截面和相对于齿根线变化的高度。在此,齿可以关于冠形齿轮轴径向向外扩展,以便可以实现与中间齿轮的齿部的均匀的齿部啮合。冠形齿轮齿部的齿侧的中线优选地处于与冠形齿轮旋转轴法向的平面中,使得冠形齿轮和与其啮合的中间齿轮之间的齿啮合的接触线平行于中间齿轮轴伸展。
冠形齿轮齿部或中间齿轮齿部可以被构造为直齿齿部或斜齿齿部。冠形齿轮例如可以改型地制造,特别是借助锻造,或者也可以原始形式地构造,特别是通过烧结。中间齿轮与冠形齿轮啮合并且具有相应互补的齿部。优选地,中间齿轮被构型为具有端面齿部的圆柱形正齿轮(圆柱齿轮),其中该齿部可以根据冠形齿轮的齿部被构型为直齿齿部或斜齿齿部。
冠形齿轮或与其连接的驱动齿轮的旋转轴(第三旋转轴)与差动装置或电动机的旋转轴(第一旋转轴)交叉。就此特别是应该一并包括:第三旋转轴和第一旋转轴在两个旋转轴的正交投影上观察相交。在此,两个旋转轴可以彼此以间距交叉或者彼此实际上相交于交点。在正交投影上观察在两个旋转轴之间所围成的角度特别是为90°,其中不排除一定的例如高达±10°的偏差。
电驱动装置可以被构型成,使得第三旋转轴以间距与第一旋转轴和第二旋转轴中的至少一个交叉。替代地或补充地,电驱动装置也可以被构型成,使得第三旋转轴与第一旋转轴和第二旋转轴中的至少一个相交。第一和第二旋转轴中的至少一个分别意指,第一和/或第二旋转轴可以相应布置。由此得出不同的可行的设计方案,即第三旋转轴以间距与第一和第二旋转轴交叉,或者以间距与第一旋转轴交叉并且与第二旋转轴相交,或者与第一旋转轴相交并且以间距与第二旋转轴交叉。合适的设计方案可以根据具体车辆的结构空间比例和与其关联的技术要求来选择。
至少一个中间齿轮被布置或设计成,使得在电动机驱动齿轮和冠形齿轮之间的间距被调和。在此,中间齿轮的第二旋转轴优选地平行于第一旋转轴来布置,更确切地说在第一旋转轴和通过冠形齿轮齿部撑起的径向平面之间。根据一种可行的设计方案,可以设置恰好一个中间齿轮,该中间齿轮与能够由电机驱动的驱动齿轮和与冠形齿轮齿部啮合。如上所提及的,然而原则上可以在功率路径中中间连接其他部件、例如一个或多个另外的中间齿轮。
也可以共同被称为传动单元的齿轮传动机构和差速器被构型成,使得在电机和差速器的输出部件或车辆的与其驱动连接的半轴之间得出以下传动比,该传动比可以总共在8和12之间。为此可以规定,冠形齿轮具有比驱动齿轮更大的直径和更多的齿数,其中在驱动齿轮和冠形齿轮之间形成第一传动比(i1),第一传动比例如可以在3和4之间。此外,与冠形齿轮连接的从动轮可以具有比冠形齿轮更小的直径和更少的齿数,其中在冠形齿轮和该从动轮之间形成第二传动比(i2),第二传动比例如可以在2和3之间。第一和第二传动比的乘积于是形成总传动比(iges)。
从动轮和冠形齿轮彼此旋转固定地连接,使得它们共同旋转。该连接可以通过所有技术上可设想的方案来实现,例如借助形状配合的连接、如齿轮连接(齿条),力配合的连接、如螺栓连接,材料配合的连接、如焊接,或者所述方案的组合。优选地,从动轮和冠形齿轮首先被制造成单独的部件并且然后相互连接,其中原则上也可以设想整体制造。从动轮和冠形齿轮也可以间接地、例如通过驱动部件相互连接,利用该驱动部件,两个齿轮可以连接,例如通过相应的轴连接(齿条)。驱动部件例如可以是轴颈,该轴颈能够由机动车的驱动轴、特别是纵驱动轴来驱动。因此,包括从动轮和冠形齿轮的结构单元可以以两种可能的方式来驱动,即通过电动机或通过另外的驱动源来驱动,该电动机可以将扭矩引入到冠形齿轮中,该另外的驱动源可以将扭矩引入到与冠形齿轮连接的驱动部件中。在此,扭矩从电动机或另外的驱动源的引入可以单独地或叠加地进行。
差速器优选地包括差动载体以及多个差动齿轮,所述差动载体能够由从动轮围绕着第一旋转轴旋转驱动,所述差动齿轮与所述差动载体一起围绕着第一旋转轴旋转并且与两个输出齿轮驱动连接。根据一种实施方案,差速器可以被构型为锥齿轮差速器,即差动齿轮和半轴齿轮以锥齿轮的形式构型。然而也可以设想其他实施方案、如行星齿轮差速器。差速器优选地包括环形齿轮,该环形齿轮与差动载体同轴地布置并且与其固定连接,其中环形齿轮和电机关于差速器的中间面在相同侧布置。通过该方式得出所述单元的适宜的结构空间布置。
齿轮传动机构的从动轮与差速器的环形齿轮齿部啮合,其中两个齿轮轴相交或与间距交叉并且特别是彼此垂直地布置。由从动轮和环形齿轮构成的齿轮组也可以被称为双曲线齿轮组或伞齿轮传动。差速器的两个输出齿轮分别与用于驱动车轮的输出轴旋转固定地连接。特别是规定,差速器的两个输出轴之一与电机的空心轴同轴地布置并且穿过该空心轴延伸。
根据一种优选的设计方案,电机、齿轮传动机构和差速器具有共同的壳体。这一并包括以下可能性,即各个部件容纳在单独的壳体部分中,其中各个壳体部分可以相互连接,例如通过凸缘连接。
上面提及的任务的一种解决方案此外在于一种用于多轴传动的机动车的传动系装置,其包括:具有第一驱动轴的第一传动系,第一驱动轴能够由第一驱动源驱动;和具有第二驱动轴的第二传动系,第二驱动轴能够由第一驱动源和可选地由电驱动装置来驱动,该电驱动装置至少根据上述实施方式之一来构型。利用该传动系装置得出在机动车中的紧凑的结构和因此小的结构空间需求的上述优点。
第二传动系可以具有纵驱动轴,其中差速器的从动轮和齿轮传动机构的冠形齿轮可以与纵驱动轴旋转固定地连接。通过该方式,扭矩可以不仅从第一驱动源而且从作为第二驱动源的电动机引入到差速器中来驱动所属的驱动轴。也可以被称为驱动装置的电驱动装置可以用在机动车的后轴中。在该情况下,前轴应该是由第一驱动源驱动的初级驱动轴。替代地,电驱动装置也可以用在前轴中,其中后轴于是应该是初级驱动的驱动轴。
附图说明
下面借助附图解释优选的实施方式。其中:
图1以俯视图示意性示出根据本发明的电驱动装置;
图2以轴向视角示出根据图1的电驱动装置;
图3示出在一种改型实施方式中的轴向视角下的根据本发明的电驱动装置;
图4示出在另一改型实施方式中的轴向视角下的根据本发明的电驱动装置;以及
图5以俯视图示意性示出根据本发明的具有根据本发明的电驱动装置的传动系装置。
具体实施方式
下面一起描述图1和2。图1示出根据本发明的具有电机3和能够由电动机旋转驱动的传动单元4的电驱动装置2。传动单元4包括齿轮传动机构5和在功率路径中下游的差速器6。电驱动装置2可以用作初级驱动源,或者用作用于驱动机动车的能够按需求来驱动的次级驱动轴的次级驱动源,该机动车具有用于驱动初级驱动轴的初级驱动源。
电动机3包括定子7和能够关于该定子旋转的转子8,该转子在给电动机通电时旋转地驱动电动机轴9。电动机轴9的旋转运动通过在功率路径中下游的齿轮传动机构5传输到差速器6上。电动机3由电池(未示出)来供应电流,其中电池可以在电机3的发电机运行中被充电。电驱动装置2还包括壳体10,在该壳体中布置有电动机3和传动单元4。
齿轮传动机构5被构型成,使得由电动机轴9引入的旋转运动从高速传动为低速,因此传动机构也可以被称为减速齿轮。电动机轴9被构型成空心轴并且借助壳体10中的轴承(未示出)围绕着第一旋转轴A1可旋转地安置。驱动齿轮14(第一齿轮)与驱动轴9例如借助轴齿部(齿条)旋转固定地连接,其中自然也可以考虑其他连接方案、如焊接。
齿轮传动机构5包括驱动齿轮14、能够由驱动齿轮围绕着第二旋转轴A2旋转驱动的中间齿轮15(第二齿轮)以及能够由中间齿轮围绕着第三旋转轴A3旋转驱动的冠形齿轮16(第三齿轮)和与冠形齿轮固定连接的从动轮17(第四齿轮)。从动轮17与差速器6的环形齿轮18齿部啮合,以便驱动该环形齿轮,并且就这点而言也可以被称为驱动齿轮或驱动小齿轮。由驱动小齿轮17和环形齿轮18构成的齿轮组可以以双曲线齿轮组的形式构型。在电机3和差速器6的输出部件之间的功率路径中可以设置可控的离合器(未示出),该离合器可以可选地建立或中断电机3和差速器的输出部件之间的扭矩传输。
差速器6包括与环形齿轮18固定连接的差动载体19、多个与差动载体19连接的差动齿轮20以及作为输出部件的第一和第二半轴齿轮23、24,所述差动齿轮可旋转地安置在一个或多个与差动载体19连接的轴颈22上,所述半轴齿轮能够由差动齿轮20围绕着旋转轴A1旋转驱动。差速器当前以锥齿轮差速器的形式构型,其中差动齿轮组19、23、24布置在差动载体19中,该差动载体就这点而言也可以被称为差速器壳。第一半轴齿轮23与第一输出轴25旋转固定地连接,第一输出轴与旋转轴A1同轴地布置并且由被构造为空心轴的电动机轴9贯穿。输出轴25具有传动机构侧的端部段和与传动机构远离的端部段,该传动机构侧的端部段与半轴齿轮23旋转固定地连接,该与传动机构远离的端部段在壳体10中围绕着旋转轴A1可旋转地安置并且与同步万向节26连接。同步万向节26用于在角运行下将扭矩从第一输出轴25传输到机动车的第一半轴27。第一半轴27通过车轮侧的另外的同步万向节28与第一车轮29连接,以用于在角运行下传输扭矩。第二半轴齿轮24通过第二输出轴30、传动机构侧的同步万向节26'、第二半轴27'和车轮侧的同步万向节28'来驱动相对的第二车轮29'。
齿轮传动机构5被构型成,使得在电机3和差动载体19之间实现高速到低速的传动。在此,在电动机驱动齿轮14和差动载体19之间的传动比例如可以在8和12之间。为此规定,冠形齿轮16具有比驱动齿轮14更大的直径和更多的齿数,并且差速器6的从动轮17具有比与其同轴的冠形齿轮16更小的直径和更少的齿数。为了实现8至12的总传动比iges,在驱动齿轮14和冠形齿轮16之间形成的第一传动比i1例如可以在3和4之间,并且在冠形齿轮16和从动轮17之间形成的第二传动比i2例如可以在2和3之间。
齿轮传动机构的从动轮17和冠形齿轮16彼此旋转固定地连接,使得它们共同围绕着旋转轴A3旋转。该连接可以通过形状配合、力配合和/或材料配合来实现。由从动轮17和冠形齿轮16构成的结构单元具有轴颈21,该轴颈能够在壳体10的壳套口中围绕着旋转轴A3可旋转地安置。轴颈21可以与机动车的传动系的在此未示出的驱动轴以驱动方式连接,使得扭矩不仅可以通过所述驱动轴而且可以由电机3单独或叠加地引入到所述结构单元中。
冠形齿轮16具有正面的齿部32,该齿部指向差速器6的方向并且比从动轮17的齿部置于更大的直径上。冠形齿轮16与中间齿轮15啮合,该中间齿轮具有与冠形齿轮齿部32互补的齿部33。冠形齿轮齿部32的各个齿可以在其纵向延伸上具有不变的横截面和相对于齿根线变化的高度。在此,齿可以关于冠形齿轮轴A3径向向外扩展,以便可以实现与中间齿轮15的齿部的均匀的齿部啮合。冠形齿轮齿部的齿侧的中线处于与冠形齿轮旋转轴A3法向的平面中,使得冠形齿轮16和与其啮合的中间齿轮15之间的齿啮合的接触线平行于中间齿轮轴A2伸展。中间齿轮15被构型为具有端面齿部的圆柱形正齿轮(圆柱齿轮)。冠形齿轮齿部32和中间齿轮齿部33可以被构造为直齿齿部或斜齿齿部。
关于第一旋转轴A1径向内部,中间齿轮15与电动机驱动齿轮14啮合。中间齿轮15被设计成,使得在电动机驱动齿轮14和冠形齿轮16之间的径向间距被调和。在当前实施方式中,在驱动齿轮14和冠形齿轮16之间的功率路径中设置恰好一个中间齿轮15。然而,易于理解的是,根据空间结构关系或其他技术要求也可以设置多个中间齿轮来将扭矩从驱动齿轮传输到冠形齿轮上。特别是在图2中可见,中间齿轮15的旋转轴A2与驱动齿轮14的旋转轴A1平行地布置,并且与冠形齿轮16的旋转轴A3相交。在此,在旋转轴A3和旋转轴A1之间形成轴错位V(偏移)。所述轴错位不仅涉及也可以被称为双曲线齿轮组的齿轮对--从动轮17和环形齿轮18而且涉及也可以被称为冠形齿轮组的齿轮对—中间齿轮15和冠形齿轮16。
图3以相对于根据图2的实施方式轻微改型的形式示出根据本发明的装置。根据图3的实施方式的俯视图对应于根据图1的实施方式的俯视图并且因此不再一次分开复述。根据图3的实施方案在很大程度上对应于根据图2的实施方案,因此关于共同点参考上面的描述。在此,相同的细节配备与图1和2中的相同的附图标记。根据图3的实施方案的唯一区别在于,第三旋转轴A3以间距与平行于第一旋转轴A1伸展的第二旋转轴A2交叉。该间距在此对应于第三旋转轴A3和第一旋转轴A1之间的轴错位V(偏移),即第一和第二轴A1、A2共同撑开一个平面,该平面平行于第三轴A3伸展。因此技术上得出,仅仅在双曲线齿轮组17、18中存在轴错位,然而在冠形齿轮组15、16中不存在。
图4以相对于根据图2或图3的实施方式再一次轻微改型的形式示出另一根据本发明的装置。根据图4的实施方式的俯视图对应于根据图1的实施方式的俯视图并且因此不再一次分开复述。根据图4的实施方案在很大程度上对应于根据图2或根据图3的实施方案,因此关于共同点参考上面的描述。在此,相同的细节配备与图1至3中的相同的附图标记。根据图4的实施方案的唯一区别在于,第三旋转轴A3与第一旋转轴A1和第二旋转轴A2相交。即所有三个轴A1、A2、A3位于一个共同的平面中。由此得出,在双曲线齿轮组17、18中和在冠形齿轮组15、16中都不存在轴错位。
图5示出根据本发明的用于多轴传动的机动车的传动系装置34。设置具有内燃机36的第一驱动装置35和按照根据图1至4的实施方式的根据本发明的电驱动装置2作为第二驱动装置。传动系装置34包括用于驱动第一驱动轴37的第一传动系和用于驱动第二驱动轴38的第二传动系。内燃机36通过变速器39驱动分动器40,通过该分动器将扭矩引入到第一或第二传动系中。
第一传动系5包括差速器(未示出),通过该差速器将所引入的扭矩传输到两个半轴41、41'上,以便驱动所属的车轮42、42'。半轴41、41'分别包括传动机构侧的和车轮侧的同步万向节43、43'、44、44',它们分别能够实现在角运行下的扭矩传输。
第二传动系可以持久驱动(持久的全轮驱动)或借助在功率路径中布置的离合器在需要时可接通地构型(按需要驱动)。第二传动系包括纵驱动轴45,利用该纵驱动轴能够将扭矩传输到第二传动系装置2的驱动部件21上。纵驱动轴45以多部件轴的形式构型,该多部件轴具有:拥有端侧的第一链节46的第一轴部段、中间链节47和拥有端侧的第二链节48的第二轴部段。
第一驱动轴37和第二驱动轴38可以可选地通过第一驱动装置35和/或第二驱动装置2来驱动。第二驱动装置2的电机3可以在发电机运行下在制动车辆时将机械能转换为电能。本传动系装置34的特点在于,根据本发明的驱动装置2由于电机3和差速器6的同轴定向以及具有冠形齿轮16的齿轮传动机构5的设计方案而特别紧凑地构造并且因此可以良好地集成到后轴中。在当前实施方式中,具有作为初级驱动源的内燃机36的第一驱动装置35分配给前轴,而具有作为次级驱动源的电动机3的第二驱动装置2分配给后轴。然而,易于理解的是,根据车辆也可以实现相反的分配,即电驱动装置2在前轴中并且初级驱动装置35在后轴范围内。
附图标记列表
2 电驱动装置
3 电动机
4 传动单元
5 齿轮传动机构
6 差速器
7 定子
8 转子
9 电动机轴/空心轴
10 壳体
14 驱动齿轮
15 中间齿轮
16 冠形齿轮
17 从动轮
18 环形齿轮
19 差动载体
20 差动齿轮
21 驱动部件
22 轴颈
23 半轴齿轮
24 半轴齿轮
25 驱动轴
26 同步万向节
27 半轴
28 同步万向节
29 车轮
30 驱动轴
32 冠形齿轮齿部
33 中间齿轮齿部
34 传动系装置
35 驱动装置
36 内燃机
37 第一驱动轴
38 第二驱动轴
39 多档变速器
40 分动器
41 半轴
42 车轮
43 同步万向节
44 同步万向节
45 纵驱动轴
46 同步万向节
47 同步万向节
48 同步万向节
A1 第一旋转轴
A2 第二旋转轴
A3 第三旋转轴。
Claims (15)
1.用于驱动机动车的电驱动装置,包括:
电机(3)、齿轮传动机构(5)和差速器(6);
其中所述电机(3)具有被构造为空心轴(9)的电动机轴,所述电动机轴能够围绕着第一旋转轴(A1)可旋转地驱动;
其中所述齿轮传动机构(5)包括与所述电动机轴连接的驱动齿轮(14)、至少一个能够由所述驱动齿轮(14)围绕着第二旋转轴(A2)旋转驱动的中间齿轮(15)、能够由所述至少一个中间齿轮(15)围绕着第三旋转轴(A3)旋转驱动的冠形齿轮(16)和与所述冠形齿轮(16)连接的从动轮(17);
其中所述从动轮(17)和所述冠形齿轮(16)彼此同轴地布置并且相互旋转固定地连接,使得它们共同围绕着所述第三旋转轴(A3)旋转,其中所述第三旋转轴(A3)与所述第一旋转轴(A1)交叉。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电驱动装置,其特征在于,所述第三旋转轴(A3)以间距与所述第一旋转轴(A1)和所述第二旋转轴(A2)中的至少一个交叉。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电驱动装置,其特征在于,所述第三旋转轴(A3)与所述第一旋转轴(A1)和所述第二旋转轴(A2)中的至少一个相交。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电驱动装置,其特征在于,所述中间齿轮(15)的第二旋转轴(A2)平行于所述第一旋转轴(A1)布置。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电驱动装置,其特征在于,设置恰好一个中间齿轮(15),所述中间齿轮(15)与能够由所述电机(3)驱动的所述驱动齿轮(14)和与所述冠形齿轮(16)齿部啮合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电驱动装置,其特征在于,所述冠形齿轮(16)比所述驱动齿轮(14)具有更大的直径和更多的齿数,其中在所述驱动齿轮(14)和所述冠形齿轮(16)之间形成第一传动比(i1),所述第一传动比在3和4之间。
7.根据权利要求1所述的电驱动装置,其特征在于,所述从动轮(17)比所述冠形齿轮(16)具有更小的直径和更少的齿数,其中在所述冠形齿轮(16)和所述从动轮(17)之间形成第二传动比(i2),所述第二传动比在2和3之间。
8.根据权利要求1所述的电驱动装置,其特征在于,所述齿轮传动机构(5)的所述从动轮(17)和所述冠形齿轮(16)相互固定连接。
9.根据权利要求1所述的电驱动装置,其特征在于,所述从动轮(17)和所述冠形齿轮(16)与驱动轴(21)固定连接。
10.根据权利要求1所述的电驱动装置,其特征在于,所述差速器(6)具有差动载体(19)、多个差动齿轮(20)和与所述差动齿轮(20)驱动连接的输出齿轮(23、24),所述差动载体能够由所述从动轮(17)围绕着所述第一旋转轴(A1)旋转驱动,所述差动齿轮与所述差动载体(19)一起围绕着所述第一旋转轴(A1)旋转。
11.根据权利要求10所述的电驱动装置,其特征在于,所述差速器(6)具有环形齿轮(18),所述环形齿轮与所述差动载体(19)同轴地布置并且与其固定连接,其中所述环形齿轮(18)和所述电机(3)关于所述差速器(6)的中间面在不同侧布置。
12.根据权利要求10所述的电驱动装置,其特征在于,所述差速器(6)的输出齿轮之一(23)与输出轴(25)旋转固定地连接,其中所述输出轴(25)穿过所述电机(3)的空心轴(9)延伸。
13.根据权利要求1所述的电驱动装置,其特征在于,所述电机(3)、所述齿轮传动机构(5)和所述差速器(6)具有共同的壳体(10)。
14.用于多轴传动的机动车的传动系装置,包括:
具有第一驱动轴(37)的第一传动系,第一驱动轴能够由第一驱动源(35)来驱动;
根据权利要求1所述的电驱动装置(2);和
具有第二驱动轴(38)的第二传动系,第二驱动轴能够由第一驱动源(35)并且可选地由所述电驱动装置(2)来驱动。
15.根据权利要求14所述的传动系装置,其特征在于,所述第二传动系具有纵驱动轴(45),其中用于驱动所述差速器(6)的所述从动轮(17)和所述冠形齿轮(16)与所述纵驱动轴(45)驱动连接。
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