CN107236425B - 一种自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料及其制备方法。本发明的自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料是由活性低聚物、紫外光引发剂、改性纳米功能元/含氟活性稀释剂混合浆料、多功能团活性稀释剂、流平剂和消泡剂复配而成。该涂料具有无毒、使用安全、耐黄变、不燃、隔热、表面能低、透光性能好等优点,可用于建筑物幕墙玻璃和汽车窗玻璃等场合。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种隔热涂料及其制备方法,尤其涉及一种自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料及其制备方法。
背景技术
纳米透明隔热玻璃涂料是近年发展起来的新型节能环保材料,因具有高的可见光透过率和良好的节能隔热效果,可应用于建筑物幕墙玻璃和汽车窗玻璃等场合,引起了学术和工业界的高度关注。这种涂料引入了具有光谱选择性的无机半导体纳米粒子(如ATO、ITO、AZO、FTO等),对紫外光及近红外光具有较好的屏蔽效果,阻止了对视觉没有贡献的紫外光区和近红外光区能量传递,阻隔了一半以上的太阳光能量;同时由于纳米粒子的粒径在纳米级内,远小于可见光波长范围,对可见光透过影响不大,因此可制备出高透明的隔热涂膜,具有很好的应用前景和经济价值。
申请号为2010101100507的发明专利公开了一种紫外光固化的纳米透明隔热复合涂料,其组成为齐聚体30~75%、光敏固化剂0.01~15%和活性单体10~55%,还含有重量百分比为0.1~15%的氧化锡锑。该发明在常温下经过紫外光照射即可在1分钟内制成透明隔热涂料,该涂料具有较好的隔热效果。
随着社会的发展,科技的进步,隔热涂料不仅需要具有较好的隔热效果,还需要具有良好的稳定性。另外透明隔热涂料主要应用于透明材料表面,需要具有良好的自清洁功能。因此开发具有较好的隔热效果,同时表面能低,具有自清洁、抗划伤、耐候等功能于一体,成为纳米透明隔热涂料的发展趋势。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的是目前现有的油性透明隔热涂料毒性较大、易燃、使用安全性差、污染环境等问题,水性透明隔热涂料固含量低、干燥速度慢、粘度高、力学性能差、耐候性差、耐水性差、流平性差、耐黄变性差等问题,紫外光固化透明隔热涂料功能单一的问题,而提出一种自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料,本发明的另一目的还提供了上述自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料的制备方法。
本发明的具体技术方案为:一种自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料,其特征在于是由活性低聚物、紫外光引发剂、改性纳米功能元-含氟活性稀释剂混合浆料、多功能团活性稀释剂、流平剂和消泡剂复配而成;其中活性低聚物10质量份,紫外光引发剂0.2-1.5质量份、改性纳米功能元-含氟活性稀释剂混合浆料1-5质量份、多功能团活性稀释剂1-5质量份、流平剂0.1-0.3质量份和消泡剂0.1-0.3质量份。
优选上述的活性低聚物为环氧丙烯酸低聚物、聚氨酯丙烯酸低聚物、聚酯丙烯酸低聚物或聚醚丙烯酸低聚物中一种。
本发明还需加入紫外光引发剂,使得透明隔热涂料在紫外光作用下实现固化,优选上述的紫外光引发剂为2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙酮(光引发剂1173)、1-羟基环己基苯基甲酮(光引发剂184)、2-甲基-2-(4-吗啉基)-1-[4-(甲硫基)苯基]-1-丙酮(光引发剂907)、2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基-二苯基氧化膦(光引发剂TPO)、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-[4-(2-羟基乙氧基)苯基]-1-丙酮(光引发剂659)或二苯甲酮(光引发剂BP)中一种。
优选上述的改性纳米功能元-含氟活性稀释剂混合浆料的质量固含量为8~15%;其中改性纳米功能元为改性纳米氧化锡锑(ATO)和纳米二氧化钛(TiO2);含氟活性稀释剂为甲基丙烯酸十三氟辛酯、甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯、甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸六氟丁酯中一种。
优选上述的多功能团活性稀释剂为乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、一缩二乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1,6己二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1,3-丙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1,4-丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三甲基丙烯酸酯中一种或几种。
本发明加入流平剂主要作用是降低自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料的表面张力,使其在基材上有好的流平性;所述的流平剂优选为市售的聚有机硅氧烷、聚醚改性的聚有机硅氧烷或含氟表面活性剂;所用的消泡剂为有机硅消泡剂。
本发明还提供了制备上述的自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料的方法,其具体步骤如下:
(1)、改性纳米功能元/含氟活性稀释剂混合浆料的制备
在装有搅拌装置、温度计和冷凝管的四口烧瓶中加入0.5-1.5质量份纳米ATO、0.5-1.5质量份纳米TiO2,50质量份甲醇和0.5-1.5质量份硅烷偶联剂的混合溶液,加热到50-70℃,回流12-24h;冷却到室温后,产物转移至旋转蒸发器,通过加热蒸馏除去甲醇;加入含氟活性稀释剂,超声分散1~2h即制得固含量为8~15%的改性纳米功能元-含氟活性稀释剂混合浆料;
(2)、自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料的制备
将活性低聚物10质量份、上述制得的改性纳米功能元-含氟活性稀释剂混合浆料1-5质量份、多功能团活性稀释剂1-5质量份,混合均匀,加入0.2-1.5质量份紫外光引发剂、0.1-0.3质量份流平剂和0.1-0.3质量份消泡剂,搅拌,使各种助剂混合均匀,再超声分散2-4h,即制得自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料。
优选步骤(1)中所述的硅烷偶联剂为带C=C双键型硅烷偶联剂,更优选γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-570)。
有益效果:
1、与目前市场上使用的溶剂型隔热涂料相比,本发明的自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料具有耐黄变、无毒、使用安全、不污染环境等优点。
2、与目前市场上使用的水性隔热涂料相比,本发明的自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料具有耐水、表面能低、自清洁、耐黄变等优点。
3、本发明综合考虑了自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料用于玻璃基材的要求,通过硅烷偶联剂改性纳米ATO、纳米TiO2,改善了纳米ATO、纳米TiO2的分散性与稳定性;加入流平剂、消泡剂,改善了自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料的施工性能;含氟活性稀释剂的引入降低了固化后涂料涂膜的表面能;多功能团丙烯酸酯单体的引入提高了固化后涂料涂膜的硬度、附着力、耐水、耐候性,使得自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料能满足不同条件下的使用要求。
具体实施方式
下面就本发明举例说明,但不是对本发明的限制。
实施例1
在装有搅拌装置、温度计和冷凝管的四口烧瓶中加入0.5质量份纳米ATO、1.5质量份纳米TiO2,50质量份甲醇和0.5质量份硅烷偶联剂(KH-570)的混合溶液,加热到50℃,回流12h。冷却到室温后,产物转移至旋转蒸发器,通过加热蒸馏除去甲醇。加入甲基丙烯酸十三氟辛酯,超声分散1h即制得固含量为8%的改性纳米功能元/含氟活性稀释剂混合浆料。
将环氧丙烯酸低聚物10质量份、上述制得的改性纳米功能元/含氟活性稀释剂混合浆料1质量份、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯2质量份,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯3质量份,混合均匀,加入0.2质量份光引发剂1173、0.1质量份流平剂(Rad 2300)和0.1质量份消泡剂(Rad 2500),搅拌,使各种原料混合均匀,再超声分散2h,即制得自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料。
实施例2
在装有搅拌装置、温度计和冷凝管的四口烧瓶中加入1.0质量份纳米ATO、1.0质量份纳米TiO2,50质量份甲醇和1.0质量份硅烷偶联剂(KH-570)的混合溶液,加热到60℃,回流18h。冷却到室温后,产物转移至旋转蒸发器,通过加热蒸馏除去甲醇。加入甲基丙烯酸六氟丁酯,超声分散1.5h即制得固含量为10%的改性纳米功能元/含氟活性稀释剂混合浆料。
将聚氨酯丙烯酸低聚物10质量份、上述制得的改性纳米功能元/含氟活性稀释剂混合浆料3质量份、一缩二乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯3质量份,混合均匀,加入0.8质量份紫外光引发剂907、0.2质量份流平剂(Rad 2100)和0.2质量份消泡剂(Rad 2500),搅拌,使各种原料混合均匀,再超声分散3h,即制得自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料。
实施例3
在装有搅拌装置、温度计和冷凝管的四口烧瓶中加入1.5质量份纳米ATO、0.5质量份纳米TiO2,50质量份甲醇和1.5质量份硅烷偶联剂(KH-570)的混合溶液,加热到70℃,回流24h。冷却到室温后,产物转移至旋转蒸发器,通过加热蒸馏除去甲醇。加入甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯,超声分散2h即制得固含量为15%的改性纳米功能元/含氟活性稀释剂混合浆料。
将聚醚丙烯酸低聚物10质量份、上述制得的改性纳米功能元/含氟活性稀释剂混合浆料5质量份、1,4-丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯1质量份,混合均匀,加入1.5质量份光引发剂BP、0.3质量份流平剂(Rad 2100)和0.3质量份消泡剂(Rad 2500),搅拌,使各种原料混合均匀,再超声分散4h,即制得自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料。
对比例1
将环氧丙烯酸低聚物10质量份、纳米ATO 1质量份、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯5质量份,混合均匀,加入0.2质量份光引发剂1173、0.1质量份流平剂(Rad2300)和0.1质量份消泡剂(Rad 2500),搅拌,使各种原料混合均匀,再超声分散2h,即制得紫外光固化透明隔热涂料。
性能测试:实施例1-3及对比例1涂料在紫外光下30s完成固化,进行性能测试,得到结果如下:
注:可见光波长为400nm-800nm,紫外线波长为200nm-400nm,红外线波长为800nm-2000nm。
涂料经过光固化后,实施例1-3隔热性能、耐老化性能及接触角相比对比例1提升效果明显,是因为多功能团丙烯酸酯的加入使涂料的机械强度得到了加强,另外体系耐化学腐蚀能力、耐老化性能得到了改善;含氟活性稀释剂和纳米TiO2的加入,使得光固化后的涂膜接触角得到提高,表面能增加,从而具有自清洁性能;加入纳米ATO使紫外线透过率、红外线透过率得到了明显改善,且随着纳米功能元量的增加,隔热效果更好,但对于可见光透过率有一定程度的降低;本发明的可见光透过率大于80%,能满足建筑物幕墙玻璃和汽车窗玻璃等场合的透光需要。
本发明所生产的自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料性能优异,体系的相容性良好,在紫外光照射下固化速度快,生产效率高,易于工业化,应用十分广泛,整个工艺过程无有毒溶剂释放,是一种无毒无污染的环境友好型涂料。
Claims (6)
1.一种自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料,其特征在于是由活性低聚物、紫外光引发剂、改性纳米功能元-含氟活性稀释剂混合浆料、多功能团活性稀释剂、流平剂和消泡剂复配而成;其中活性低聚物10质量份,紫外光引发剂0.2-1.5质量份、改性纳米功能元-含氟活性稀释剂混合浆料1-5质量份、多功能团活性稀释剂1-5质量份、流平剂0.1-0.3质量份和消泡剂0.1-0.3质量份;其中所述的改性纳米功能元-含氟活性稀释剂混合浆料的质量固含量为8~15%,改性纳米功能元为改性纳米氧化锡锑ATO和纳米二氧化钛TiO2,含氟活性稀释剂为甲基丙烯酸十三氟辛酯、甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯、甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸六氟丁酯中一种,由以下方法制得:在装有搅拌装置、温度计和冷凝管的四口烧瓶中加入0.5-1.5质量份纳米ATO、0.5-1.5质量份纳米TiO2,50质量份甲醇和0.5-1.5质量份硅烷偶联剂的混合溶液,加热到50-70°C,回流12-24 h,冷却后,产物转移至旋转蒸发器,通过加热蒸馏除去甲醇,加入含氟活性稀释剂,超声分散1~2h即制得固含量为8~15%的改性纳米功能元-含氟活性稀释剂混合浆料;所述的活性低聚物为环氧丙烯酸低聚物、聚氨酯丙烯酸低聚物、聚酯丙烯酸低聚物或聚醚丙烯酸低聚物中一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料,其特征在于所述的紫外光引发剂为2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙酮、1-羟基环己基苯基甲酮、2-甲基-2-(4-吗啉基)-1-[4-(甲硫基)苯基]-1-丙酮、2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基-二苯基氧化膦、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-[4-(2-羟基乙氧基)苯基]-1-丙酮或二苯甲酮中一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料,其特征在于所述的多功能团活性稀释剂为乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、一缩二乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1,6己二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1,3-丙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1,4-丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯或季戊四醇三甲基丙烯酸酯中一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料,其特征在于所述的流平剂为聚有机硅氧烷、聚醚改性的聚有机硅氧烷或含氟表面活性剂;所述的消泡剂为有机硅消泡剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料,其特征在于所述的硅烷偶联剂为γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷。
6.一种制备如权利要求1所述的自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料的方法,其具体步骤如下:
将活性低聚物10质量份、改性纳米功能元-含氟活性稀释剂混合浆料1-5质量份、多功能团活性稀释剂1-5质量份,混合均匀,加入0.2-1.5质量份紫外光引发剂、0.1-0.3质量份流平剂和0.1-0.3质量份消泡剂,搅拌,使各种助剂混合均匀,再超声分散2-4h,即制得自清洁型紫外光固化透明隔热涂料。
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CN102120900A (zh) * | 2011-04-13 | 2011-07-13 | 高建宾 | 一种紫外光固化的纳米透明隔热复合涂料 |
CN103773217A (zh) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-05-07 | 杭州福斯特光伏材料股份有限公司 | 一种光固化含氟涂料 |
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