CN107211740A - A kind of jujube tree implantation methods of high yield - Google Patents
A kind of jujube tree implantation methods of high yield Download PDFInfo
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- CN107211740A CN107211740A CN201710585767.9A CN201710585767A CN107211740A CN 107211740 A CN107211740 A CN 107211740A CN 201710585767 A CN201710585767 A CN 201710585767A CN 107211740 A CN107211740 A CN 107211740A
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- jujube tree
- scion
- grafting
- jujube
- stock
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
- A01N3/04—Grafting-wax
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of jujube tree implantation methods of high yield, the implantation methods include jujube cultivars selection, the processing of scion, scion sealing and storage, the selection of stock and processing, scion immersion and grafting, managing after grafting.The present invention from excellent jujube cultivars engrafting method by being planted, reduce scion and stock shears the infection rate of wound location, shorten the seedling age of stock, the cycle of grafting seedling is shortened, the survival rate of grafting is substantially increased, enhances resistance, branch is healthy and strong, the yields have increased considerably for fruit jujube, with certain economic benefit, is adapted to popularizing planting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technical field, and in particular to a kind of jujube tree implantation methods of high yield.
Background technology
Jujube tree is Rhamnaceae jujube, is the distinctive Fruit Tree Resources of China.Jujube fruit is sweet and delicious, nutritious, can be rated as
Excellent tonic product.Jujube contains protein, fat, 18 kinds of amino acid, 6 kinds of organic acids, 36 kinds of trace elements and abundant vitamin
A, vitamin C, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, citrin, wherein protein content are higher by 11 times than pears, the U.S. for having vitamin king
Claim.
Compared with other propagation methods, propagation by grafiting jujube tree has advantages below：First can keep the excellent of scion variety
Benign shape, heredity is more stable, will not morph as grafting is latter；Second can with precocity fruiting, due to stock well developed root system,
Vigorous, branch stalwartness is grown after grafting.3rd can strengthen the resistance of jujube tree.But in actual planting process, grafting is numerous
Grow the problem of there is various influence survival rates.
The content of the invention
, should it is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art there is provided a kind of jujube tree implantation methods of high yield
Implantation methods are formed from excellent jujube cultivars grafting, reduce scion and stock shears the infection rate of wound location, shorten
The seedling age of stock, shortens the cycle of grafting seedling, substantially increases the survival rate of grafting, enhances resistance, and branch is good for
Strong, the yields have increased considerably for jujube.
The present invention solves technical problem and adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of jujube tree implantation methods of high yield, comprise the following steps：
（1）Jujube cultivars are selected：Selection adaptation is wide, strong stress resistance, Zhanhua winter jujube kind best in quality；
（2）The processing of scion：Early December soil start it is freeze-up before, from jujube tree elite stand gather jujube tree branch, by jujube tree branch
The part of part and diameter more than 1.2cm that bar two diameter is less than 0.36cm is wiped out, and will subtract the jujube tree branch at two with master
Bud is that unit is cut into scion, keeps scion upper end away from 1.2~1.6cm of main bud, scion lower end is away from 4.6~6.8cm of main bud；
（3）Scion is sealed and storage：Jujube tree scion is eluted to clean, 5~10min of sterilization under placement uviol lamp with clear water, then made
Taken out after being smeared rapidly with liquid of sealing with wax, the scion after being sealed with wax；It is placed on fresh-keeping 16~20 in 5~10 DEG C of vacuum sterilization case
Hour, it is put into cellar and stores 20~30 days；
（4）The selection and processing of stock：Choose the jujube tree of annual or biennial robust growth, before grafting 2~5 days by jujube tree
The part of freezing to death on stock top is cut off, and removes the soil of 5~10cm below jujube tree stock stem foot；1~2 hour before grafting,
1.2~1.8cm will be cut off at the top of jujube tree stock；
（5）Scion immersion and grafting：The part of sealing with wax of excision storage scion, and 1~3cm of beveling ports, immersion growth-promoting media 10~
After 20min, graft on jujube tree stock, it is ensured that scion coincide with stock bast；
（6）Managing after grafting：Jujube tree controls 15~30 DEG C of mean temperature in the daytime, 5~20 DEG C of night mean temperature after grafting；And
When spray water smoke, keep humidity 70~90%, average daily light application time is maintained at 8~12 hours.
Preferably, the step（2）Wipe out and tiltedly cut along 45° angle and keep clip to be in cerise.
Preferably, the liquid of sealing with wax by the paraffin of 60~80 parts by weight and the rosin ester of 20~30 parts by weight 100~120
DEG C heating fusing after obtain.
Preferably, the step（3）Scion is placed into cellar after being wrapped up using moistening absorbent cotton and stored.
Preferably, the jujube tree stock is in grafting, and top cuts off 0.2~0.6cm again.
Preferably, the growth-promoting media includes the raw material of following parts by weight：40~60 parts of ammonium sulfate, 40~60 parts of ammonium nitrate,
One 300~500 parts of hypophosphite monohydrate sodium dihydrogen, 40~60 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.5~3 part of Zinc vitriol, green vitriol
0.1~0.6 part.
Preferably, the selection of time of the grafting is in early March to mid-April or late July to early September.
Preferably, the engrafting method selects cut-grafting method, cleft graft or rind graft method.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect：
（1）The jujube tree implantation methods of the present invention, including jujube cultivars selections, the processing of scion, scion sealing are with preserving, stock
Choose and processing, scion immersion and grafting, managing after grafting, by being planted from excellent jujube cultivars engrafting method, reduction
Scion and stock shear the infection rate of wound location, shorten the seedling age of stock, shorten the cycle of grafting seedling, carry significantly
The high survival rate of grafting, enhances resistance, branch is healthy and strong, and the yields have increased considerably for fruit jujube, with certain economic benefit,
It is adapted to popularizing planting.
（2）The liquid of sealing with wax of the present invention is prepared from by paraffin and rosin ester, and with excellent sealing, scion of sealing with wax is in length
Be not in crack in phase storage, transport and grafting procedures, can prevent jujube tree scion from drying dehydration, improve jujube tree scion
Quality.
（3）The selection and processing of the stock of the present invention, choose the jujube tree of annual or biennial robust growth, with very strong
Growth ability and nutrition from complementary capabilities, repeatedly shearing stock can reduce the loss of nutriment, it is ensured that scion is survived
Rate.
（4）The managing after grafting of the present invention is started with from major influence factors such as temperature, humidity, illumination to be managed, it is ensured that
The photosynthesis and nutrient absorption in grafting later stage, enhance the resistance of jujube tree, it is ensured that the quality and yield of fruit.
Embodiment
Invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of jujube tree implantation methods of high yield, comprise the following steps：
（1）Jujube cultivars are selected：Selection adaptation is wide, strong stress resistance, Zhanhua winter jujube kind best in quality.
（2）The processing of scion：Early December soil start it is freeze-up before, from jujube tree elite stand gather jujube tree branch, by jujube
The part of part and diameter more than 1.2cm that branch bar two diameter is less than 0.36cm is wiped out, and is tiltedly cut along 45° angle and is kept clip
Place is in cerise, and the jujube tree branch for subtracting two is cut into scion in units of main bud, keeps scion upper end away from main bud 1.2cm,
Scion lower end is away from main bud 4.8cm.
（3）Scion is sealed and storage：Jujube tree scion is eluted totally with clear water, places and sterilizes 5min under uviol lamp, then make
Taken out after being smeared rapidly with liquid of sealing with wax, the scion after being sealed with wax；It is placed in 5 DEG C of vacuum sterilization case fresh-keeping 20 hours, makes
Stored 28 days with being put into after moistening absorbent cotton parcel in cellar；Liquid seal with wax by the paraffin of 70 parts by weight and the rosin ester of 20 parts by weight
Obtained after 115 DEG C of heating fusings.
（4）The selection and processing of stock：The jujube tree of annual or biennial robust growth is chosen, 2~5 days before grafting will
The part of freezing to death on jujube tree stock top is cut off, and removes the soil of 5~10cm below jujube tree stock stem foot；1~2 is small before grafting
When, 1.2~1.8cm will be cut off at the top of jujube tree stock, in grafting at the top of cut off 0.2~0.6cm again.
（5）Scion immersion and grafting：Selection connects in early March to mid-April or late July to early September, excision storage
The part of sealing with wax of fringe, and chamfer after 1~3cm ports, 10~20min of immersion growth-promoting media, from cut-grafting method, cleft graft or notch graft
Method is grafted on jujube tree stock, it is ensured that scion coincide with stock bast.Wherein, growth-promoting media includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
47 parts of ammonium sulfate, 58 parts of ammonium nitrate, 480 parts of a hypophosphite monohydrate sodium dihydrogen, 57 parts of potassium sulfate, 1.6 parts of Zinc vitriol, seven water
Close 0.3 part of ferrous sulfate.
（6）Managing after grafting：Jujube tree controls 15~30 DEG C of mean temperature in the daytime, night mean temperature 5~20 after grafting
℃；Sprinkling water smoke, keeps humidity 70~90% in time, and average daily light application time is maintained at 8~12 hours.
Embodiment 2
A kind of jujube tree implantation methods of high yield, comprise the following steps：
（1）Jujube cultivars are selected：Selection adaptation is wide, strong stress resistance, Zhanhua winter jujube kind best in quality.
（2）The processing of scion：Early December soil start it is freeze-up before, from jujube tree elite stand gather jujube tree branch, by jujube
The part of part and diameter more than 1.2cm that branch bar two diameter is less than 0.36cm is wiped out, and is tiltedly cut along 45° angle and is kept clip
Place is in cerise, and the jujube tree branch for subtracting two is cut into scion in units of main bud, keeps scion upper end away from main bud 1.3cm,
Scion lower end is away from main bud 5.2cm.
（3）Scion is sealed and storage：Jujube tree scion is eluted totally with clear water, places and sterilizes 10min under uviol lamp, then make
Taken out after being smeared rapidly with liquid of sealing with wax, the scion after being sealed with wax；It is placed in 7 DEG C of vacuum sterilization case fresh-keeping 18 hours, makes
Stored 26 days with being put into after moistening absorbent cotton parcel in cellar；Liquid seal with wax by the paraffin of 76 parts by weight and the rosin ester of 30 parts by weight
Obtained after 105 DEG C of heating fusings.
（4）The selection and processing of stock：The jujube tree of annual or biennial robust growth is chosen, 2~5 days before grafting will
The part of freezing to death on jujube tree stock top is cut off, and removes the soil of 5~10cm below jujube tree stock stem foot；1~2 is small before grafting
When, 1.2~1.8cm will be cut off at the top of jujube tree stock, in grafting at the top of cut off 0.2~0.6cm again.
（5）Scion immersion and grafting：Selection connects in early March to mid-April or late July to early September, excision storage
The part of sealing with wax of fringe, and chamfer after 1~3cm ports, 10~20min of immersion growth-promoting media, from cut-grafting method, cleft graft or notch graft
Method is grafted on jujube tree stock, it is ensured that scion coincide with stock bast.Wherein, growth-promoting media includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
43 parts of ammonium sulfate, 48 parts of ammonium nitrate, 380 parts of a hypophosphite monohydrate sodium dihydrogen, 48 parts of potassium sulfate, 1.8 parts of Zinc vitriol, seven water
Close 0.5 part of ferrous sulfate.
（6）Managing after grafting：Jujube tree controls 15~30 DEG C of mean temperature in the daytime, night mean temperature 5~20 after grafting
℃；Sprinkling water smoke, keeps humidity 70~90% in time, and average daily light application time is maintained at 8~12 hours.
Embodiment 3
A kind of jujube tree implantation methods of high yield, comprise the following steps：
（1）Jujube cultivars are selected：Selection adaptation is wide, strong stress resistance, Zhanhua winter jujube kind best in quality.
（2）The processing of scion：Early December soil start it is freeze-up before, from jujube tree elite stand gather jujube tree branch, by jujube
The part of part and diameter more than 1.2cm that branch bar two diameter is less than 0.36cm is wiped out, and is tiltedly cut along 45° angle and is kept clip
Place is in cerise, and the jujube tree branch for subtracting two is cut into scion in units of main bud, keeps scion upper end away from main bud 1.5cm,
Scion lower end is away from main bud 5.8cm.
（3）Scion is sealed and storage：Jujube tree scion is eluted totally with clear water, places and sterilizes 9min under uviol lamp, then make
Taken out after being smeared rapidly with liquid of sealing with wax, the scion after being sealed with wax；It is placed in 10 DEG C of vacuum sterilization case fresh-keeping 20 hours, makes
Stored 25 days with being put into after moistening absorbent cotton parcel in cellar；Liquid seal with wax by the paraffin of 80 parts by weight and the rosin ester of 30 parts by weight
Obtained after 120 DEG C of heating fusings.
（4）The selection and processing of stock：The jujube tree of annual or biennial robust growth is chosen, 2~5 days before grafting will
The part of freezing to death on jujube tree stock top is cut off, and removes the soil of 5~10cm below jujube tree stock stem foot；1~2 is small before grafting
When, 1.2~1.8cm will be cut off at the top of jujube tree stock, in grafting at the top of cut off 0.2~0.6cm again.
（5）Scion immersion and grafting：Selection connects in early March to mid-April or late July to early September, excision storage
The part of sealing with wax of fringe, and chamfer after 1~3cm ports, 10~20min of immersion growth-promoting media, from cut-grafting method, cleft graft or notch graft
Method is grafted on jujube tree stock, it is ensured that scion coincide with stock bast.Wherein, growth-promoting media includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
49 parts of ammonium sulfate, 54 parts of ammonium nitrate, 437 parts of a hypophosphite monohydrate sodium dihydrogen, 52 parts of potassium sulfate, 1.4 parts of Zinc vitriol, seven water
Close 0.2 part of ferrous sulfate.
（6）Managing after grafting：Jujube tree controls 15~30 DEG C of mean temperature in the daytime, night mean temperature 5~20 after grafting
℃；Sprinkling water smoke, keeps humidity 70~90% in time, and average daily light application time is maintained at 8~12 hours.
Embodiment 4
A kind of jujube tree implantation methods of high yield, comprise the following steps：
（1）Jujube cultivars are selected：Selection adaptation is wide, strong stress resistance, Zhanhua winter jujube kind best in quality.
（2）The processing of scion：Early December soil start it is freeze-up before, from jujube tree elite stand gather jujube tree branch, by jujube
The part of part and diameter more than 1.2cm that branch bar two diameter is less than 0.36cm is wiped out, and is tiltedly cut along 45° angle and is kept clip
Place is in cerise, and the jujube tree branch for subtracting two is cut into scion in units of main bud, keeps scion upper end away from main bud 1.6cm,
Scion lower end is away from main bud 6.6cm.
（3）Scion is sealed and storage：Jujube tree scion is eluted totally with clear water, places and sterilizes 8min under uviol lamp, then make
Taken out after being smeared rapidly with liquid of sealing with wax, the scion after being sealed with wax；It is placed in 6 DEG C of vacuum sterilization case fresh-keeping 16 hours, makes
Stored 30 days with being put into after moistening absorbent cotton parcel in cellar；Liquid seal with wax by the paraffin of 60 parts by weight and the rosin ester of 25 parts by weight
Obtained after 110 DEG C of heating fusings.
（4）The selection and processing of stock：The jujube tree of annual or biennial robust growth is chosen, 2~5 days before grafting will
The part of freezing to death on jujube tree stock top is cut off, and removes the soil of 5~10cm below jujube tree stock stem foot；1~2 is small before grafting
When, 1.2~1.8cm will be cut off at the top of jujube tree stock, in grafting at the top of cut off 0.2~0.6cm again.
（5）Scion immersion and grafting：Selection connects in early March to mid-April or late July to early September, excision storage
The part of sealing with wax of fringe, and chamfer after 1~3cm ports, 10~20min of immersion growth-promoting media, from cut-grafting method, cleft graft or notch graft
Method is grafted on jujube tree stock, it is ensured that scion coincide with stock bast.Wherein, growth-promoting media includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
60 parts of ammonium sulfate, 60 parts of ammonium nitrate, 500 parts of a hypophosphite monohydrate sodium dihydrogen, 60 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of Zinc vitriol, seven hydrations
0.6 part of ferrous sulfate.
（6）Managing after grafting：Jujube tree controls 15~30 DEG C of mean temperature in the daytime, night mean temperature 5~20 after grafting
℃；Sprinkling water smoke, keeps humidity 70~90% in time, and average daily light application time is maintained at 8~12 hours.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation
Example, all technical schemes belonged under thinking of the present invention belong to protection scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the art
Those of ordinary skill for, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the jujube tree implantation methods of a kind of high yield, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Jujube cultivars are selected：Selection adaptation is wide, strong stress resistance, Zhanhua winter jujube kind best in quality；
（2）The processing of scion：Early December soil start it is freeze-up before, from jujube tree elite stand gather jujube tree branch, by jujube tree branch
The part of part and diameter more than 1.2cm that bar two diameter is less than 0.36cm is wiped out, and will subtract the jujube tree branch at two with master
Bud is that unit is cut into scion, keeps scion upper end away from 1.2~1.6cm of main bud, scion lower end is away from 4.6~6.8cm of main bud；
（3）Scion is sealed and storage：Jujube tree scion is eluted to clean, 5~10min of sterilization under placement uviol lamp with clear water, then made
Taken out after being smeared rapidly with liquid of sealing with wax, the scion after being sealed with wax；It is placed on fresh-keeping 16~20 in 5~10 DEG C of vacuum sterilization case
Hour, it is put into cellar and stores 20~30 days；
（4）The selection and processing of stock：Choose the jujube tree of annual or biennial robust growth, before grafting 2~5 days by jujube tree
The part of freezing to death on stock top is cut off, and removes the soil of 5~10cm below jujube tree stock stem foot；1~2 hour before grafting,
1.2~1.8cm will be cut off at the top of jujube tree stock；
（5）Scion immersion and grafting：The part of sealing with wax of excision storage scion, and 1~3cm of beveling ports, immersion growth-promoting media 10~
After 20min, graft on jujube tree stock, it is ensured that scion coincide with stock bast；
（6）Managing after grafting：Jujube tree controls 15~30 DEG C of mean temperature in the daytime, 5~20 DEG C of night mean temperature after grafting；And
When spray water smoke, keep humidity 70~90%, average daily light application time is maintained at 8~12 hours.
2. the jujube tree implantation methods of high yield according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（2）Wipe out along 45° angle
Tiltedly cut and keep clip to be in cerise.
3. the jujube tree implantation methods of high yield according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the liquid of sealing with wax is by 60~80 weight
The paraffin of part and the rosin ester of 20~30 parts by weight are obtained after 100~120 DEG C of heating fusings.
4. the jujube tree implantation methods of high yield according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step（3）Scion uses wet
Place into cellar and store after profit absorbent cotton parcel.
5. the jujube tree implantation methods of high yield according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the jujube tree stock in grafting,
Top cuts off 0.2~0.6cm again.
6. the jujube tree implantation methods of high yield according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the growth-promoting media includes following weight
The raw material of part：40~60 parts of ammonium sulfate, 40~60 parts of ammonium nitrate, 300~500 parts of a hypophosphite monohydrate sodium dihydrogen, potassium sulfate 40~
60 parts, 0.5~3 part of Zinc vitriol, 0.1~0.6 part of green vitriol.
7. the jujube tree implantation methods of high yield according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the selection of time of the grafting is 3
The first tenday period of a month to the mid-April moon or late July to early September.
8. the jujube tree implantation methods of high yield according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the engrafting method selects cut-grafting
Method, cleft graft or rind graft method.
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| CN108450169A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-08-28 | 潘文鋆 | A method of improving camellia graft survival rate |
| CN108496602A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-09-07 | 潘文鋆 | A method of improving oriental cherry graft survival rate |
| CN110679312A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-01-14 | 晴隆县沙子镇果苗园艺基地 | Rapid propagation method for navel orange seedlings |
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| CN108496602A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-09-07 | 潘文鋆 | A method of improving oriental cherry graft survival rate |
| CN110679312A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-01-14 | 晴隆县沙子镇果苗园艺基地 | Rapid propagation method for navel orange seedlings |
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Application publication date: 20170929 |