CN107189433B - 一种树脂组合物及使用其制作的半固化片及金属箔层压板 - Google Patents
一种树脂组合物及使用其制作的半固化片及金属箔层压板 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107189433B CN107189433B CN201710561167.9A CN201710561167A CN107189433B CN 107189433 B CN107189433 B CN 107189433B CN 201710561167 A CN201710561167 A CN 201710561167A CN 107189433 B CN107189433 B CN 107189433B
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- resin
- diamine
- benzoxazine
- bismaleimide resin
- benzoxazine structure
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- CMLFRMDBDNHMRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-1,2-benzoxazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CNOC2=C1 CMLFRMDBDNHMRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
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- DHAHRLDIUIPTCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium metaphosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]P(=O)=O.[O-]P(=O)=O.[O-]P(=O)=O DHAHRLDIUIPTCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052454 barium strontium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005130 benzoxazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
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- JHXRVOAOESLJHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;1,2,3,4,5-pentabromobenzene Chemical compound C=C.BrC1=CC(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br.BrC1=CC(Br)=C(Br)C(Br)=C1Br JHXRVOAOESLJHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005213 imbibition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005462 imide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- PSHKMPUSSFXUIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylpyridin-2-amine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=N1 PSHKMPUSSFXUIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[bis(dimethylamino)phosphinimyl]-n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)P(=N)(N(C)C)N(C)C GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005609 naphthenate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical compound [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAEWLETZEZXLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)molybdenum Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O XAEWLETZEZXLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂,其制备方法如下:将双马来酰亚胺树脂与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺溶解在有机溶剂中,在60~89℃的温度下反应1~24hr;所述双马来酰亚胺树脂与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺的质量比为100:30~30:100。本发明通过双马来酰亚胺与含有苯并恶嗪的二胺树脂在低温下优先预反应,低温下苯并恶嗪几乎未发生开环;通过预反应消耗一部分反应基团,形成了具有一定分子量的预聚物,增大了苯并恶嗪开环反应的位阻,放缓了树脂结构中的苯并恶嗪结构在的反应速率,很好地调节了树脂组合物的流变反应窗口,降低了树脂组合物在压合过程中因反应过快而出现基材干花或白纹的缺陷的风险。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种树脂组合物及使用其制作的半固化片及金属箔层压板,属于电子材料技术领域。
背景技术
电子技术的进步日新月异,便携化、轻薄化成为了电子整机产品一直追寻的方向,而整机产品的轻薄化则需要制备电子产品包含印制电路板在内的元器件要薄,因此,就需要覆铜板基材具有较高的刚性和抗翘曲能力,才能满足印制电路板的结构支撑和加工制程需求。
在现有的制备印制电路板的树脂材料中,双马来酰亚胺是非常优秀的树脂之一,它是一种含有酰亚胺结构的热固性树脂,其固化后高的交联密度使其具有高玻璃化转变温度、优异的热稳定性及较高的刚性,为目前制作薄型基板的首选材料之一。然而,双马来酰亚胺单体具有较高的熔点、溶解性较差、固化反应温度高、固化后的树脂脆性较大等不足,限制了其应用。
针对上述技术问题,目前有烯丙基化合物或芳香二胺化合物改性双马来酰亚胺树脂为两种较成熟的技术路线,如Huntsman公司于上世纪推出的Kerimid系列树脂,西北工业大学梁国正教授团队开发的烯丙基化合物改性双马系列树脂,所制得的改性双马来酰亚胺树脂具有高韧性、优异的溶解性(可溶于丙酮/丁酮等有机溶剂)、高的玻璃化转变温度等优异性能。
然而,虽然上述2种技术方案可以很好地解决了树脂的溶解性及韧性问题,但双马来酰亚胺树脂的自身所固有的酰亚胺基团存在高吸水率问题仍没有得到解决,这给双马来酰亚胺树脂在电子电路领域的应用带来了一些问题,当制备电子电路的基材——覆铜板树脂配方中的改性双马来酰亚胺树脂(通常先经过烯丙基或二胺改性)组分较高时,其基材的吸水率往往会偏大,从而导致基材吸水后的翘曲率偏高。此外,吸水率大不仅易造成金属联接件潮湿环境下的腐蚀,且会导致其制成薄型板材后的胀缩增大、翘曲率增大,大大影响了印制电路板的制程。因此,如何在改性双马来酰亚胺的同时,降低其树脂的吸水率,降低其制成薄型板材后的翘曲率,成了双马来酰亚胺树脂在电子电路领域应用的难点之一。
三菱瓦斯的双马来酰亚胺三嗪树脂(BT树脂)可以说是双马来酰亚胺和氰酸酯应用的典范,虽成功解决了双马来酰亚胺树脂应用的吸水率问题,且专利技术已公开,但其关键技术要点仍难以为国内技术人员所掌握。
中国发明专利申请CN104725781A公开了胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂、苯并噁嗪树脂及环氧树脂的组合物,尽管其降低了双马的吸水率。然而,本申请人进行了实验发现:胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂可以有效地提高苯并噁嗪的反应活性(这一点李玲等人的《BMI改性苯并噁嗪树脂及其复合材料研究》一文中亦有描述),这也导致了其在压合过程中的流变窗口也因此变窄,给覆铜板基材的次表观造成了一定的干花与白纹风险。
针对上述现象,发明人进行了大量研究,认为其原因如下:由于CN104725781A中的胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂是由胺类改性剂和双马来酰亚胺在有机溶剂中进行预聚而成。胺类物质,是环氧树脂固化剂,胺与环氧树脂反应后,环氧树脂开环产生大量羟基,而羟基又会降低苯并噁嗪树脂的开环温度,加速苯并噁嗪的开环反应,从而体系中快速产生大量的羟基和氨基,从而导致整个体系的固化反应加速进行,使得流变窗口变窄。因此,开发一种树脂组合物及使用其制作的半固化片及层压板,使其在兼具优异的耐热性、强度、刚柔性、介电性能以及低吸水率、高玻璃化转变温度的基础上,不会在覆铜板基材的次表观形成干花与白纹的现象,显然具有积极的现实意义。
发明内容
本发明的发明目的是提供一种树脂组合物及使用其制作的半固化片及层压板。
为达到上述发明目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂,其制备方法如下:
将双马来酰亚胺树脂与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺溶解在有机溶剂中,在温度60~89℃下反应1~24hr;
所述双马来酰亚胺树脂与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺的质量比为100:30~30:100;
所述含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺化合物的化学式如下:
其中,R选自-C(CH3)2-、-SO2-或-CH2-,n=2~4。
优选的,将双马来酰亚胺树脂与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺溶解在有机溶剂中,在60~89℃的温度下反应1~24hr;其中,反应温度典型但非限制性的可以是61℃、62℃、63℃、64℃、65℃、66℃、67℃、68℃、69℃、70℃、71℃、72℃、73℃、74℃、75℃、76℃、77℃、78℃、79℃、80℃、81℃、82℃、83℃、84℃、85℃、86℃、87℃、89℃等。优选的反应温度为70~80℃。
其中,反应时间典型但非限制性的可以是2hr、3hr、4hr、5hr、6hr、7hr、8hr、9hr、10hr、12hr、14hr、16hr、18hr、20hr、21hr、22hr、23hr等。
优选的,将双马来酰亚胺树脂与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺溶解在有机溶剂中,在70~80℃的温度下反应2~10hr。
所述有机溶剂选自丙酮、丁酮、甲苯、二甲苯、甲醇、乙醇、甲基异丁酮、环己酮、甲基乙基酮、N、N-二甲基甲酰胺、N、N-二甲基乙酰胺、乙二醇甲醚、丙二醇甲醚、甲氧基乙基乙酸酯、乙氧基乙基乙酸酯、丙氧基乙基乙酸酯、乙酸乙酯中的一种或几种。
本发明的原理为:将含有苯并噁嗪结构的二胺与双马来酰亚胺树脂于溶剂中在90℃以下(不包括90℃)的温度条件下优先进行反应,形成预聚物,当反应温度在90℃以下(不包括90℃)时,树脂中主要是端氨基与双马来酰亚胺之间的反应,苯并噁嗪几乎未发生开环;此外,本发明中通过预反应,消耗一部分反应基团,形成具有一定分子量的预聚物,增大了苯并噁嗪开环反应的位阻,放缓了树脂结构中的苯并噁嗪结构的反应速率,使得压合过程中的流变窗口变宽,从而大大降低了覆铜板基材干花或白纹的风险。
所述双马来酰亚胺树脂与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺的质量比为100:30~30:100,例如,双马来酰亚胺树脂与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺的质量比为100:30、100:40、100:50、100:60、100:70、100:80、100:90、100:100、90:30、90:40、90:50、90:60、90:70、90:80、90:90、90:100、80:30、80:40、80:50、80:60、80:70、80:80、80:90、80:100、70:30、70:40、70:50、70:60、70:70、70:80、70:90、70:100、60:30、60:40、60:50、60:60、60:70、60:80、60:90、60:100、50:30、50:40、50:50、50:60、50:70、50:80、50:90、50:100、40:30、40:40、40:50、40:60、40:70、40:80、40:90、40:100、30:30、30:40、30:50、30:60、30:70、30:80、30:90、30:100等。
优选的,所述双马来酰亚胺树脂的化学式如下:
其中,
R1选自:R2和R3相同或不同,分别选自H-、H3C-或C2H5-。
上述技术方案中,优选双马来酰亚胺树脂为4,4’-二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺、4,4’-二苯醚双马来酰亚胺、4,4’-二苯砜双马来酰亚胺及双(3-乙基-5-甲基-4-马来酰亚胺基苯)甲烷中的一种或一种以上的混合物。
优选的,所述含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂的固体含量为30~90%。优选50~80%。所述固体含量典型但非限制性的可以是40%、60%、70%、85%等。
优选的,所述双马来酰亚胺树脂与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺的质量比为60:30~30:60。
本发明同时请求保护由上述的含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂制备的树脂组合物,以固体重量计,包括:
(a)含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂:100份;
(b)阻燃剂:0~50份;
(c)无机填料:0~100份;
(d)固化促进剂:0.001~5份。
上文中,所述阻燃剂可以为含溴阻燃剂或含磷阻燃剂或含氮阻燃剂等覆铜板常用阻燃剂中的一种或二种以上的混合物。
所述含溴阻燃剂选自十溴二苯醚、十溴二苯乙烷、八溴联苯醚、五溴甲苯、六溴环十二烷、乙撑双四溴邻苯二甲酰亚胺、溴化聚碳酸酯、溴化聚苯乙烯、溴化三嗪、乙撑二五溴苯、乙撑双四溴酰亚胺、十四溴二苯氧基苯、双(三溴苯氧基)乙烷、四溴双酚A、含溴环氧树脂中至少一种;所述含磷阻燃剂选自三(2,6-二甲基苯基)膦、10-(2,5-二羟基苯基)-9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-膦菲-10-氧化物、2,6-二(2,6-二甲基苯基)膦基苯或10-苯基-910-二氢-9-氧杂-10-膦菲-10-氧化物、磷腈、含磷酚醛树脂、含磷环氧树脂、苯氧基膦氰化合物、磷酸酯、聚磷酸三聚氰胺、偏磷酸铝、磷酸三苯酯、双酚联苯磷酸盐、聚磷酸铵、磷氮基化合物、偶磷氮化合物、双酚A双(二苯基磷酸酯)、三(2,6-二甲基苯基)膦、间苯二酚双[二(2,6-二甲基苯基)磷酸酯]中至少一种;所述含氮阻燃剂选自三嗪化合物、氰尿酸化合物、异氰酸化合物、吩噻嗪中一种,以改性双马来酰亚胺树脂100份计,其含量优选为10-30份。
上述技术方案中,所述填料选自含二氧化硅(熔融态或非熔融态与多孔质)、氧化铝、氧化镁、氢氧化镁、碳酸钙、氮化铝、氮化硼、氢氧化铝、碳化铝硅、碳化硅、碳酸钠、二氧化钛、氧化锌、氧化锆、石英、钻石粉、类钻石粉、玻璃粉、石墨、碳酸镁、钛酸钾、陶瓷纤维、云母、勃姆石、钼酸锌、钼酸铵、硼酸锌、磷酸钙、硅酸钙、碳酸钙、煅烧滑石、滑石、氮化硅、段烧高岭土、黏土、硫酸镁、硫酸钡、钛酸锶、钛酸钡中至少一种,以改性双马来酰亚胺树脂100份计,含量优选为10~80份。
上述无机填料的形状没有特别限制,可以为球状、板状、针状、角状或无定型状或其混合形状。
上述无机填料可以使用硅烷偶联剂进行表面处理,提高树脂组合物中的分散性。在使用时上述无机填料可以直接投入或预先制备填料分散液或制成膏体投入树脂组合物中。
上述技术方案中,所述固化促进剂选自咪唑类、吡啶类、三苯基膦、三氟化硼单乙胺、羧酸金属盐类。所述咪唑类选自2-甲基咪唑、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑、2-苯基咪唑、2-十一烷基咪唑、1-氰乙基取代咪唑;所述吡啶类选自三乙胺、苄基二甲胺或二甲氨基吡啶;所述羧酸金属盐类为乙酰丙酮酸金属盐、辛酸金属盐、异辛酸或环烷酸金属盐,所述金属选自如锌、钴、铜、锰、铁、镍、铝及其混合物,以改性双马来酰亚胺树脂100份计,含量优选为0.001-2份。
本发明同时请求保护一种由上述的含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂和树脂组合物制作的半固化片,将上述的含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂或树脂组合物用溶剂溶解制成胶液,然后将增强材料浸渍在上述胶液中;将浸渍后增强材料加热干燥后,即可得到所述半固化片。
所述的溶剂选自丙酮、丁酮、甲苯、二甲苯、甲醇、乙醇、甲基异丁酮、环己酮、甲基乙基酮、N、N-二甲基甲酰胺、N、N-二甲基乙酰胺、乙二醇甲醚、丙二醇甲醚、甲氧基乙基乙酸酯、乙氧基乙基乙酸酯、丙氧基乙基乙酸酯、乙酸乙酯中至少一种。
上述技术方案中,所述增强材料为玻璃纤维布,如D玻璃、E玻璃、NE玻璃、S玻璃及T玻璃。这里对玻璃纤维布的厚度没有特别限制,但对于生产厚度0.01~0.02mm的层压板,一般使用开纤布、扁平布。此外,为了改善树脂与玻璃纤维布的界面结合,玻璃纤维布一般都需要进行化学处理,主要方法是偶联剂处理,所用偶联剂如环氧硅烷,氨基硅烷。
本发明同时请求保护一种层压板,其包括至少一张如上述的半固化片。
本发明同时请求保护一种金属箔层压板,在一张由上述的半固化片的单面或双面覆上金属箔,或者将至少2张由上述的半固化片叠加后,在其单面或双面覆上金属箔,热压成形,即可得到所述金属箔层压板。
所述半固化片的数量是根据客户要求的金属箔层压板厚度来确定,可用一张或多张。所述金属箔,可以是铜箔,也可以是铝箔,它们的厚度没有特别限制。
本发明同时请求保护一种印制电路板,含有至少一张如上述的半固化片;
或含有至少一张如上述的层压板;
或含有至少一张如上述的金属箔层压板。
本发明同时请求保护采用上述改性双马来酰亚胺树脂制作的层间绝缘膜,采用上述所述的树脂组合物加入溶剂溶解制成胶液,将载体膜上涂覆所述胶液,将涂覆胶液的载体膜加热干燥后,即可得到所述层间绝缘膜,所述加热干燥条件为在50~170℃下烘烤1~10分钟。
本发明同时请求保护采用上述含改性双马来酰亚胺树脂的树脂组合物制作的层间绝缘膜,采用上述所述的树脂组合物加入溶剂溶解制成胶液,将载体膜上涂覆所述胶液,将涂覆胶液的载体膜加热干燥后,即可得到所述层间绝缘膜,所述加热干燥条件为在50~170℃下烘烤1~10分钟。
上述技术方案中,所述的溶剂选自丙酮、丁酮、甲苯、二甲苯、甲醇、乙醇、甲基异丁酮、环己酮、甲基乙基酮、N、N-二甲基甲酰胺、N、N-二甲基乙酰胺、乙二醇甲醚、丙二醇甲醚、甲氧基乙基乙酸酯、乙氧基乙基乙酸酯、丙氧基乙基乙酸酯、乙酸乙酯中至少一种。
上述技术方案中,载体膜可为聚乙烯对苯二甲酸酯(PET)膜、离型膜、铜箔、铝箔等,载体膜优选为PET膜。
上述技术方案中,为了保护绝缘树脂层,在树脂层另一面覆盖保护膜,所述保护膜可以与载体膜相同材料。
由于上述技术方案运用,本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点:
1.本发明的改性双马来酰亚胺树脂通过双马来酰亚胺与含有苯并噁嗪的二胺树脂在低温下(90度以下,不包括90℃)优先预反应,低温下(90度以下,不包括90℃)苯并噁嗪几乎未发生开环;此外,本申请通过预反应消耗一部分反应基团,形成了具有一定分子量的预聚物,增大了苯并噁嗪开环反应的位阻,放缓了树脂结构中的苯并噁嗪结构在体系中的反应速率,很好地调节了树脂组合物的流变反应窗口(流变曲线图中流变窗口变宽),降低了树脂组合物在压合过程中因反应过快而出现基材干花或白纹的缺陷的风险;实验表明,本发明不会在覆铜板基材的次表观形成干花与白纹的现象,取得了显著的效果;
2.实验表明,本发明的改性双马来酰胺树脂不仅保持了较好的耐热性和刚性,降低了固化反应温度与吸水率,更有利于在覆铜板领域的应用,高的耐热性及刚性保证了其在航空航天及薄型化覆铜板领域的应用,低的吸水率降低了基材吸水后的胀缩比例,更加抑制了板材翘曲的产生;
3.本发明以含有苯并噁嗪结构的二胺树脂来改性双马来酰亚胺树脂,改性后的树脂具有良好的溶解性、固化后的产物具有高的玻璃化转变温度和低的吸水率,解决了现有技术中双马来酰亚胺树脂吸水率高的问题,也大大降低了板材的翘曲率,为双马来酰亚胺树脂在航空航天及电子领域的应用解决了一大难题。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例与对比例中的半固化片的流变曲线图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步描述:
以下为含苯并噁嗪的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂的制备过程,得到改性树脂,具体实施方式如下:
合成例一
在装有搅拌器、回流冷凝管和温度计的500ml三口烧瓶,放置于油浴锅中,依次加入双酚A:91.2g,对苯二胺:94.4g,甲醛:48.0g;再加入80ml乙醇与20ml甲苯作为溶剂,缓慢升温至75℃并保持3hr,过程中持续保持搅拌状态,并在三口烧瓶中通入氮气鼓泡保护。上述反应结束,待产物冷却至室温后,维持搅拌并往烧瓶中滴加甲醇溶液,至不再有沉淀物析出,停止搅拌,室温下静置24hr,滤去上层清液,收集沉淀物,将沉淀物放置50℃真空干燥烘箱中,烘干5hr,得到含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺,记为N(BOZ)-1。
合成例二
在装有搅拌器、回流冷凝管和温度计的500ml三口烧瓶,放置于油浴锅中,依次加入双酚F:79.2g,对苯二胺:94.4g,甲醛:48.0g;再加入80ml乙醇与20ml甲苯作为溶剂,缓慢升温至60℃并保持5hr,过程中持续保持搅拌状态,并在三口烧瓶中通入氮气鼓泡保护。上述反应结束,待产物冷却至室温后,维持搅拌并往烧瓶中滴加甲醇溶液,至不再有沉淀物析出,停止搅拌,室温下静置24hr,滤去上层清液,收集沉淀物,将沉淀物放置50℃真空干燥烘箱中,烘干5hr,得到含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺,记为N(BOZ)-2。
改性树脂例一
在500mL三口烧瓶中加入100g溶剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,将4,4’-二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺树脂N(BOZ)-1,按照质量份100g:30g依次于投入三口烧瓶中,在75℃的油浴条件下持续搅拌,待烧瓶中固体完全溶解后开始计时,持续搅拌2.5hr后,将所得产物进行蒸馏,得到固含量为75%的改性双马来酰亚胺树脂溶液。
改性树脂例二
在500mL三口烧瓶中加入120g溶剂N,N-二甲基乙酰胺,将4,4’-二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺树脂N(BOZ)-2,按照质量份100g:50g依次于投入三口烧瓶中,在85℃的油浴条件下持续搅拌,待烧瓶中固体完全溶解后开始计时,持续搅拌1hr后,将所得产物进行蒸馏,得到固含量为60%的改性双马来酰亚胺树脂溶液。
改性树脂例三
在500mL三口烧瓶中加入150g溶剂丙酮,将双(3-乙基-5-甲基-4-马来酰亚胺基苯)甲烷与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺树脂N(BOZ)-1,按照质量份100g:100g依次于投入三口烧瓶中,在70℃的油浴条件下持续搅拌,待烧瓶中固体完全溶解后开始计时,持续搅拌8hr后,将所得产物进行蒸馏,得到固含量为60%的改性双马来酰亚胺树脂溶液。
改性树脂例四
在500mL三口烧瓶中加入100g溶剂N,N-二甲基乙酰胺,将4,4’-二苯醚双马来酰亚胺与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺树脂N(BOZ)-2,按照质量份30g:100g依次于投入三口烧瓶中,在80℃的油浴条件下持续搅拌,待烧瓶中固体完全溶解后开始计时,持续搅拌4hr后,将所得产物进行蒸馏,得到固含量为65%的改性双马来酰亚胺树脂溶液。
改性树脂例五
在500mL三口烧瓶中加入100g溶剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,将4,4’-二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺树脂N(BOZ)-1,按照质量份100g:30g依次于投入三口烧瓶中,在60℃的油浴条件下持续搅拌,待烧瓶中固体完全溶解后开始计时,持续搅拌2.5hr后,将所得产物进行蒸馏,得到固含量为75%的改性双马来酰亚胺树脂溶液。
改性树脂例六
在500mL三口烧瓶中加入100g溶剂N,N-二甲基乙酰胺,将4,4’-二苯醚双马来酰亚胺与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺树脂N(BOZ)-2,按照质量份30g:100g依次于投入三口烧瓶中,在50℃的油浴条件下持续搅拌,待烧瓶中固体完全溶解后开始计时,持续搅拌4hr后,将所得产物进行蒸馏,得到固含量为65%的改性双马来酰亚胺树脂溶液。
改性树脂例七
在500mL三口烧瓶中加入100g溶剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,将4,4’-二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺树脂N(BOZ)-1,按照质量份100g:30g依次于投入三口烧瓶中,在100℃的油浴条件下持续搅拌,待烧瓶中固体完全溶解后开始计时,持续搅拌2.5hr后,将所得产物进行蒸馏,得到固含量为75%的改性双马来酰亚胺树脂溶液。
半固化片及覆铜板的制备
实施例一
按照固体质量计,称取将上述树脂改性例一中所制备的含苯并噁嗪的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂100份,添加二氧化硅(江苏联瑞DQ1005)45份,2-甲基咪唑0.05份,并通过溶剂调节胶液固含量至60%时,将胶液涂覆于玻璃纤维布上,浸润片刻,至160℃鼓风干燥箱中,烘烤3~6min,制成半固化片,将半固化片裁剪至一定尺寸,在上下各放置一张电解铜箔,叠配成一定叠构,送入真空压机中压合,程序为150℃/60min+200℃/120min,制得金属箔层压板,具体性能检测列入对应的改性树脂实施例中,如表1所示。
实施例二
按照固体质量计,称取将上述树脂改性例二中所制备的含苯并噁嗪的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂100份,含溴环氧树脂(Dow 593)5份;添加二氧化硅(江苏联瑞DQ1005)45份和2-甲基咪唑(四国化成)0.10份,并通过溶剂调节胶液固含量至60%时,将胶液涂覆于玻璃纤维布上,浸润片刻,至160℃鼓风干燥箱中,烘烤3~6min,制成半固化片,将半固化片裁剪至一定尺寸,在上下各放置一张电解铜箔,叠配成一定叠构,送入真空压机中压合,程序为150℃/60min+200℃/120min,制得金属箔层压板,具体性能检测列入对应的改性树脂实施例中,如表1所示。
实施例三
按照固体质量计,称取将上述树脂改性例三中所制备的含苯并噁嗪的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂100份,含磷酚醛树脂(Dow XZ-92741)10份;添加二氧化硅(江苏联瑞DQ1005)45份和2-甲基咪唑(四国化成)0.10份,并通过溶剂调节胶液固含量至60%时,将胶液涂覆于玻璃纤维布上,浸润片刻,至160℃鼓风干燥箱中,烘烤3~6min,制成半固化片,将半固化片裁剪至一定尺寸,在上下各放置一张电解铜箔,叠配成一定叠构,送入真空压机中压合,程序为150℃/60min+200℃/120min,制得金属箔层压板,具体性能检测列入对应的改性树脂实施例中,如表1所示。
实施例四
按照固体质量计,称取将上述树脂改性例四中所制备的含苯并噁嗪的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂100份,含磷酚醛树脂(Dow XZ-92741)10份;添加二氧化硅(江苏联瑞DQ1005)45份和2-甲基咪唑(四国化成)0.10份,并通过溶剂调节胶液固含量至60%时,将胶液涂覆于玻璃纤维布上,浸润片刻,至160℃鼓风干燥箱中,烘烤3~6min,制成半固化片,将半固化片裁剪至一定尺寸,在上下各放置一张电解铜箔,叠配成一定叠构,送入真空压机中压合,程序为150℃/60min+200℃/120min,制得金属箔层压板,具体性能检测列入对应的改性树脂实施例中,如表1所示。
实施例五
按照固体质量计,称取将上述树脂改性例五中所制备的含苯并噁嗪的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂100份,添加二氧化硅(江苏联瑞DQ1005)45份,2-甲基咪唑0.05份,并通过溶剂调节胶液固含量至60%时,将胶液涂覆于玻璃纤维布上,浸润片刻,至160℃鼓风干燥箱中,烘烤3~6min,制成半固化片,将半固化片裁剪至一定尺寸,在上下各放置一张电解铜箔,叠配成一定叠构,送入真空压机中压合,程序为150℃/60min+200℃/120min,制得金属箔层压板,具体性能检测列入对应的改性树脂实施例中,如表1所示。
对比例一
将4,4’-二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺与二烯丙基双酚A树脂按照质量比100:60置于烧瓶中,在130℃的油浴条件下反应100min,得到烯丙基改性双马来酰亚胺树脂。将上述烯丙基改性双马来酰亚胺树脂取100份溶解于丙酮中;添加二氧化硅(江苏联瑞DQ1005)45份和2-甲基咪唑(四国化成)0.05份,搅拌均匀,控制胶液固含量为60%左右时,将胶液涂覆于玻璃纤维布上,浸润片刻,至160℃鼓风干燥箱中,烘烤4min,制成半固化片,将半固化片裁剪至一定尺寸,在上下各放置一张电解铜箔,叠配成一定叠构,送入真空压机中压合,程序为150℃/60min+200℃/120min,制得金属箔层压板,具体性能检测如表1所示。
对比例二
将4,4’-二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺与二氨基二苯甲烷按照质量份100:50溶解于DMF溶液中,在100℃条件下反应5hr,得到改性后的树脂溶液。将上述二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂按照固体质量计取100份,添加含溴环氧树脂(Dow 593)5份;添加二氧化硅(江苏联瑞DQ1005)45份和2-甲基咪唑(四国化成)0.10份,搅拌均匀,调节溶剂,控制胶液固含量为60%左右时,将胶液涂覆于玻璃纤维布上,浸润片刻,至160℃鼓风干燥箱中,烘烤4min,制成半固化片,将半固化片裁剪至一定尺寸,在上下各放置一张电解铜箔,叠配成一定叠构,送入真空压机中压合,程序为150℃/60min+200℃/120min,制得金属箔层压板,具体性能检测如表1所示。
对比例三
称取4,4’-二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺100g,二烯丙基二苯醚树脂90g于烧杯中,在135℃的油浴条件下反应90min,得到烯丙基改性双马来酰亚胺树脂。将上述烯丙基改性双马来酰亚胺树脂取60份溶解于丙酮中,然后添加30份双酚A型苯并噁嗪树脂,含磷酚醛树脂(DowXZ-92741)10份;添加二氧化硅(江苏联瑞DQ1005)45份和2-甲基咪唑(四国化成)0.10份,搅拌均匀,控制胶液固含量为60%左右时,将胶液涂覆于玻璃纤维布上,浸润片刻,至160℃鼓风干燥箱中,烘烤4min,制成半固化片,将半固化片裁剪至一定尺寸,在上下各放置一张电解铜箔,叠配成一定叠构,送入真空压机中压合,程序为150℃/60min+200℃/120min,制得金属箔层压板,具体性能检测如表1所示。
对比例四
称取4,4’-二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺100g,二氨基二苯甲烷40g溶解于DMF溶液中,在100℃条件下反应5hr,得到改性后的树脂溶液。将上述树脂溶液按照固体质量份计60份,然后添加30份双酚A型苯并噁嗪树脂,添加含磷酚醛树脂(Dow XZ-92741)10份、二氧化硅(江苏联瑞DQ1005)45份和2-甲基咪唑(四国化成)0.10份,搅拌均匀,将上述树脂溶液调节固体含量至60%,将胶液涂覆于玻璃纤维布上,浸润片刻,至160℃鼓风干燥箱中,烘烤4min,制成半固化片,将半固化片裁剪至一定尺寸,在上下各放置一张电解铜箔,叠配成一定叠构,送入真空压机中压合,程序为150℃/60min+200℃/120min,制得金属箔层压板,具体性能检测如表1所示。
对比例五
按照固体质量计,称取将上述树脂改性例六中所制备的含苯并噁嗪的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂100份,含磷酚醛树脂(Dow XZ-92741)10份;添加二氧化硅(江苏联瑞DQ1005)45份和2-甲基咪唑(四国化成)0.10份,并通过溶剂调节胶液固含量至60%时,将胶液涂覆于玻璃纤维布上,浸润片刻,至160℃鼓风干燥箱中,烘烤3~6min,制成半固化片,将半固化片裁剪至一定尺寸,在上下各放置一张电解铜箔,叠配成一定叠构,送入真空压机中压合,程序为150℃/60min+200℃/120min,制得金属箔层压板,具体性能检测列入对应的改性树脂实施例中,如表1所示。
对比例六
按照固体质量计,称取将上述树脂改性例七中所制备的含苯并噁嗪的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂100份,添加二氧化硅(江苏联瑞DQ1005)45份,2-甲基咪唑0.05份,并通过溶剂调节胶液固含量至60%时,将胶液涂覆于玻璃纤维布上,浸润片刻,至160℃鼓风干燥箱中,烘烤3~6min,制成半固化片,将半固化片裁剪至一定尺寸,在上下各放置一张电解铜箔,叠配成一定叠构,送入真空压机中压合,程序为150℃/60min+200℃/120min,制得金属箔层压板,具体性能检测列入对应的改性树脂实施例中,如表1所示。
对上述所有实施例和对比例中制备的半固化片和覆铜板进行性能测试。
测试方法为:
玻璃化转变温度(TMA):采用耐驰的TMA仪器测试板材的Tg,升温速率:10℃/min,温度范围:30-320℃。
玻璃化转变温度(DMA):采用TA的DMA Q800仪器测试板材的Tg,升温速率:3℃/min,温度范围:30-320℃。
剥离强度(PS):按照IPC-TM-650方法中的“热应力后”实验条件,测试金属盖层的剥离强度。
浸锡耐热性:使用50×50mm的两面带铜样品,浸入288℃的焊锡中,记录样品分层起泡的时间。
潮湿处理后浸锡耐热性:将3块100×100mm的基材试样在121℃、105Kpa的加压蒸煮处理装置内保持3hr后,浸入288℃的焊锡槽中2min,观察试样是否发生分层鼓泡等现象,3块均未发生分层鼓泡记为3/3,2块未发生分层鼓泡记为2/3,1块未发生分层鼓泡记为1/3,0块未发生分层鼓泡记为0/3。
D23℃/24hr吸水率:按照IPC-TM-650中规定的标准方法进行测定
D23℃/24hr吸水后的涨缩:采用三轴坐标法测试基板吸水后的涨缩情况,基材膨胀采用“+数值”表示,基材收缩采用“-数值”表示,单位为ppm,即百万分之一。
弯曲强度:IPC-TM-650中规定的标准方法测试。
板材翘曲度:采用IPC-TM-650中规定的标准方法测试,得到弓曲最大百分率和扭曲最大百分率,以此来评判覆铜板基材的翘曲度。
基材次表观:采用IPC-TM-650中规定的标准方法测试,通过目视或切片方法判断基材中有无出现干花、白纹等缺陷。
半固化片粉末流变测试:采用安东帕MCR302流变仪,测试样品的流变曲线,温度范围:80~160℃,升温速率:3℃/min。
表1实施例和对比例的覆铜板基本性能数据
由上述实施例和对比例可知,采用含有苯并噁嗪的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂(实施例一)较采用烯丙基化合物(对比例一)或普通二胺(对比例二)改性双马来酰亚胺树脂具有更低的吸水率和翘曲度,并保持了高的玻璃化转变温度和优异的耐湿热性。
更进一步,将含有苯并噁嗪的二胺与双马来酰亚胺树脂进行预聚(实施例一),与将常规二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂和苯并噁嗪树脂组合物(对比例四)相比,具有更宽的流变窗口(参见图1的流变曲线图中流变窗口变宽),更有利于层压板层压过程中的工艺控制,减少了基材次表观出现干花和白纹的风险,更有利于覆铜板的制造。
更进一步,将含有苯并噁嗪的二胺与双马来酰亚胺树脂在小于90℃的温度下进行预聚(实施例一)与大于90℃的温度下进行预聚(对比例六)相比,具有更宽的流变窗口(参见图1的流变曲线图中流变窗口变宽)。
此外,与实施例五(在60℃的温度下进行预聚)相比,实施例一(在75℃的温度下进行预聚)的综合性能更好。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂,其特征在于,其制备方法如下:
将双马来酰亚胺树脂与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺溶解在有机溶剂中,在温度60~89℃下反应1~24 hr;
所述双马来酰亚胺树脂与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺的质量比为100:30~30:100;
所述含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺化合物的化学式如下:
,
其中,R选自-C(CH3)2-、-SO2-或-CH2-,n=2~4。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂,其特征在于:所述双马来酰亚胺树脂的化学式如下:
,其中,
R1选自:;R2和R3相同或不同,分别选自H-、。
3.根据权利要求1所述的含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂,其特征在于:所述含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂的固体含量为30~90%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂,其特征在于:所述双马来酰亚胺树脂与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺的质量比为60:30~30:60。
5.根据权利要求1所述的含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂,其特征在于:将双马来酰亚胺树脂与含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺溶解在有机溶剂中,在70~80℃的温度下反应2~10 hr。
6.采用权利要求1至5中任一所述的含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂制备的树脂组合物,其特征在于,以固体重量计,包括:
(a) 含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂:100份;
(b) 阻燃剂:0~50份;
(c) 无机填料:0~100份;
(d) 固化促进剂:0.001~5份。
7.一种采用如权利要求1所述的含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂或权利要求6所述的树脂组合物制作的半固化片,其特征在于:将权利要求1所述的含苯并噁嗪结构的二胺改性双马来酰亚胺树脂或权利要求6所述的树脂组合物用溶剂溶解制成胶液,然后将增强材料浸渍在上述胶液中;将浸渍后增强材料加热干燥后,即可得到所述半固化片。
8.一种层压板,其特征在于:其包括至少一张如权利要求7所述的半固化片。
9.一种金属箔层压板,其特征在于:在一张由权利要求7所述的半固化片的单面或双面覆上金属箔,或者将至少2张由权利要求7所述的半固化片叠加后,在其单面或双面覆上金属箔,热压成形,即可得到所述金属箔层压板。
10.一种印制电路板,其特征在于:含有至少一张如权利要求7所述的半固化片;
或含有至少一张如权利要求8所述的层压板;
或含有至少一张如权利要求9所述的金属箔层压板。
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