CN107189179A - 一种电动汽车电池箱体材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于电池箱体新型材料技术领域,具体涉及一种电动汽车电池箱体材料的制备方法,包括材料准备、处理后熔融挤出。本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点:本发明中有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料为有序的插成型纳米结构,与线性低密度聚乙烯在低温条件下辐射,形成适量的大分子过氧化物,提高接枝效率和接枝率,通过熔融与其他原料融合,紧密的粘结形成尺寸稳定相,所制得电池箱体结构稳定,物理机械性能较好,具有较高的强度和耐冲击性,精度较高,一体式结构密封性好,容易安装,质量相对较轻,能够提高电动汽车的续航能力。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于电池箱体新型材料技术领域,具体涉及一种电动汽车电池箱体材料的制备方法。
背景技术
随着经济的发展,人们的环保理念逐渐提升,节能减排已经成为社会共识,伴随着环保特质突出的纯电动车的广泛使用,电动汽车电池箱的加工也随之成为业内急待攻克的技术难关,纯电动汽车电池箱,除了要容纳所有电芯及管理系统,还要承受电池箱本身的自重及汽车高速运动状态下的振动和砂石等异物的装机,同时替代了传统电动汽车的底盘,需要密封防水性能好,因此,如何在保证强度和密封性的情况下减轻重量进而提高汽车的续航能力成为电池箱综合性能的发展方向。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题,提供了一种电动汽车电池箱体材料的制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:一种电动汽车电池箱体材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)材料准备:按重量份计,包括线性低密度聚乙烯35-40份、有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料35-40份、松香基季铵盐5-7份、马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯2-8份、轻烧粉1-3份、有机蒙脱土0.8-1.6份;
其中,有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料的制备方法为:将十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和无机黏土按重量比1:4混合,然后加入去离子水,配制成质量分数为0.14%的悬浮液,调整pH值至8.2,在70℃的恒温水浴中搅拌3小时,完成后抽滤、烘干,研磨得到粉料;将聚酰胺弹性体、粉料、氧化锌、硫化剂、偶联剂按重量比6:2:0.4-0.8:0.2-0.4:0.1-0.2混合,在温度为115℃的条件下薄通五次,混炼均匀后出片即得;
(2)将线性低密度聚乙烯和有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料混合后,平铺4-8mm,用辐射剂量为20-30mGy/h的γ射线照射5-8s,然后与其他原料用高速混合器混合均匀,投入到双螺杆挤出机的料斗中,在180-220℃的条件下挤出造粒,得到复合材料。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述硫化剂为硫化剂DCP-4;所述偶联剂为偶联剂KH-845-4。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述聚酰胺弹性体、粉料、氧化锌、硫化剂、偶联剂的重量比6:2:0.5:0.3:0.1。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述粉体片层间距为4.2-4.5nm。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述γ射线的辐照环境条件为温度-10--2℃、湿度65-80%。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述双螺杆挤出机主机的转速为220-280转/分钟,喂料转速为20-40转/分钟。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述电池箱体由复合材料注塑成型。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点:本发明中有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料为有序的插成型纳米结构,与线性低密度聚乙烯在低温条件下辐射,形成适量的大分子过氧化物,提高接枝效率和接枝率,通过熔融与其他原料融合,紧密的粘结形成尺寸稳定相,所制得电池箱体结构稳定,物理机械性能较好,具有较高的强度和耐冲击性,精度较高,一体式结构密封性好,容易安装,质量相对较轻,能够提高电动汽车的续航能力。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种电动汽车电池箱体材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)材料准备:按重量份计,包括线性低密度聚乙烯38份、有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料38份、松香基季铵盐6份、马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯5份、轻烧粉2份、有机蒙脱土1.2份;
其中,有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料的制备方法为:将十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和无机黏土按重量比1:4混合,然后加入去离子水,配制成质量分数为0.14%的悬浮液,调整pH值至8.2,在70℃的恒温水浴中搅拌3小时,完成后抽滤、烘干,研磨得到粉料;将聚酰胺弹性体、粉料、氧化锌、硫化剂、偶联剂按重量比6:2:0.6:0.3:0.1混合,在温度为115℃的条件下薄通五次,混炼均匀后出片即得;
(2)将线性低密度聚乙烯和有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料混合后,平铺5mm,用辐射剂量为25mGy/h的γ射线照射6s,然后与其他原料用高速混合器混合均匀,投入到双螺杆挤出机的料斗中,在200℃的条件下挤出造粒,得到复合材料。
其中,所述硫化剂为硫化剂DCP-4;所述偶联剂为偶联剂KH-845-4。
其中,所述粉体片层间距为4.2-4.5nm。
其中,所述γ射线的辐照环境条件为温度-10--2℃、湿度65-80%;所述双螺杆挤出机主机的转速为220-280转/分钟,喂料转速为20-40转/分钟;所述电池箱体由复合材料注塑成型。
实施例2
一种电动汽车电池箱体材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)材料准备:按重量份计,包括线性低密度聚乙烯35份、有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料40份、松香基季铵盐5份、马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯2份、轻烧粉3份、有机蒙脱土0.8份;
其中,有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料的制备方法为:将十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和无机黏土按重量比1:4混合,然后加入去离子水,配制成质量分数为0.14%的悬浮液,调整pH值至8.2,在70℃的恒温水浴中搅拌3小时,完成后抽滤、烘干,研磨得到粉料;将聚酰胺弹性体、粉料、氧化锌、硫化剂、偶联剂按重量比6:2:0.4:0.4:0.1混合,在温度为115℃的条件下薄通五次,混炼均匀后出片即得;
(2)将线性低密度聚乙烯和有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料混合后,平铺4mm,用辐射剂量为20mGy/h的γ射线照射8s,然后与其他原料用高速混合器混合均匀,投入到双螺杆挤出机的料斗中,在180℃的条件下挤出造粒,得到复合材料。
实施例3
一种电动汽车电池箱体材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)材料准备:按重量份计,包括线性低密度聚乙烯40份、有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料35份、松香基季铵盐7份、马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯8份、轻烧粉1份、有机蒙脱土1.6份;
其中,有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料的制备方法为:将十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和无机黏土按重量比1:4混合,然后加入去离子水,配制成质量分数为0.14%的悬浮液,调整pH值至8.2,在70℃的恒温水浴中搅拌3小时,完成后抽滤、烘干,研磨得到粉料;将聚酰胺弹性体、粉料、氧化锌、硫化剂、偶联剂按重量比6:2:0.4:0.2:0.1混合,在温度为115℃的条件下薄通五次,混炼均匀后出片即得;
(2)将线性低密度聚乙烯和有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料混合后,平铺8mm,用辐射剂量为30mGy/h的γ射线照射5s,然后与其他原料用高速混合器混合均匀,投入到双螺杆挤出机的料斗中,在220℃的条件下挤出造粒,得到复合材料。
设置对照组1,材料中有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料替换为等质量的聚酰胺弹性体,其他内容与实施例1中相同;设置对照组2,直接将原料混合后熔融用双螺杆机挤出,其余内容与实施例1中相同;设置对照组3,将材料中有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料替换为等质量的聚酰胺弹性体,同时不经过γ射线辐照,直接混合后用双螺杆机挤出,其余内容与实施例1中相同;对上述各组所得材料进行性能检测,得到以下结果:
表1
组别 | 抗压强度(MPa) | 弯曲弹性模量(GPa) | 冲击强度(KJ/㎡) | 导热系数(w/(m·k)) |
实施例1 | 79.2 | 12.6 | 65.2 | 0.36 |
实施例2 | 78.6 | 12.8 | 63.4 | 0.37 |
实施例3 | 78.9 | 12.7 | 64.8 | 0.36 |
对照组1 | 72.4 | 10.3 | 53.2 | 0.39 |
对照组2 | 75.6 | 11.4 | 58.6 | 0.38 |
对照组3 | 68.5 | 9.5 | 50.7 | 0.40 |
通过表1中数据可以看出,本发明中原料以及处理条件对物理性能均有较大影响,需要配合作用得到物理性能较强的复合材料。
Claims (7)
1.一种电动汽车电池箱体材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)材料准备:按重量份计,包括线性低密度聚乙烯35-40份、有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料35-40份、松香基季铵盐5-7份、马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯2-8份、轻烧粉1-3份、有机蒙脱土0.8-1.6份;
其中,有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料的制备方法为:将十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和无机黏土按重量比1:4混合,然后加入去离子水,配制成质量分数为0.14%的悬浮液,调整pH值至8.2,在70℃的恒温水浴中搅拌3小时,完成后抽滤、烘干,研磨得到粉料;将聚酰胺弹性体、粉料、氧化锌、硫化剂、偶联剂按重量比6:2:0.4-0.8:0.2-0.4:0.1-0.2混合,在温度为115℃的条件下薄通五次,混炼均匀后出片即得;
(2)将线性低密度聚乙烯和有机黏土/聚酰胺弹性体纳米复合材料混合后,平铺4-8mm,用辐射剂量为20-30mGy/h的γ射线照射5-8s,然后与其他原料用高速混合器混合均匀,投入到双螺杆挤出机的料斗中,在180-220℃的条件下挤出造粒,得到复合材料。
2.如权利要求1所述一种电动汽车电池箱体材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述硫化剂为硫化剂DCP-4;所述偶联剂为偶联剂KH-845-4。
3.如权利要求1所述一种电动汽车电池箱体材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述聚酰胺弹性体、粉料、氧化锌、硫化剂、偶联剂的重量比6:2:0.5:0.3:0.1。
4.如权利要求1所述一种电动汽车电池箱体材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述粉体片层间距为4.2-4.5nm。
5.如权利要求1所述一种电动汽车电池箱体材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述γ射线的辐照环境条件为温度-10--2℃、湿度65-80%。
6.如权利要求1所述一种电动汽车电池箱体材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述双螺杆挤出机主机的转速为220-280转/分钟,喂料转速为20-40转/分钟。
7.如权利要求1所述一种电动汽车电池箱体材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述电池箱体由复合材料注塑成型。
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CN103992436A (zh) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-08-20 | 江苏兆鋆新材料股份有限公司 | 一种高强度高抗冲击低含量合金材料及其制备方法 |
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