CN107179553A - Desert area surface static correction method based on double Compaction Laws - Google Patents
Desert area surface static correction method based on double Compaction Laws Download PDFInfo
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013213 extrapolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/36—Effecting static or dynamic corrections on records, e.g. correcting spread; Correlating seismic signals; Eliminating effects of unwanted energy
- G01V1/362—Effecting static or dynamic corrections; Stacking
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/50—Corrections or adjustments related to wave propagation
- G01V2210/53—Statics correction, e.g. weathering layer or transformation to a datum
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of desert area surface static correction method based on double Compaction Laws, this method includes：Set up floating datum；Determine superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum and normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum；Using the near-surface velocity investigation result in seismic data, fitting obtains the depth tensionvelocity curve on superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum；Using the near-surface velocity investigation result in seismic data, fitting obtains the depth tensionvelocity curve on normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum；According to detection point height, shot point elevation, shot point well depth, floating datum elevation, the depth tensionvelocity curve on superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum and the depth tensionvelocity curve on normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum, calculating obtains receiver static correction amount and shot statics.The technical scheme that the present invention is provided is effectively improved the precision of desert area surface static correction processing, it is ensured that the uniqueness and reliability of static correction result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to complex prospecting area oil and natural gas seismic exploration technique field, and in particular to one kind is based on double compactings
The desert area surface static correction method of rule.
Background technology
In Tarim Basin desert covering area, due to the influence on the tall and big sand dune in top layer, seismic wave is excited and receiving factor
Difference is larger, causes the hyperbola in single shot record to distort serious, static correction outstanding problem, to seism processing and explanation band
Larger difficulty is carried out.
In to desert area seism processing, generally using preliminary wave chromatography conversion method carry out static correction processing and
Calculate, but the chromatography conversion method has certain defect, predominantly：
(1) precision of the low velocity layer rate pattern obtained according to micro logging, little refraction and artillery first arrival constraint inverting is low
Under.Complicated surface geology model infinitesimal is assumed that the medium in infinitesimal is homogeneous, stablizes constant by tomographic statics technology
, and ray forward modeling is carried out using gridding method, the precision of rate pattern and the efficiency of calculating are mainly by field acquisition geometry
With the influence for calculating sizing grid；In addition, the rate pattern that chromatography conversion method is obtained is by, remote offset distance seismic first breaks
The influence of average effect, model velocity is typically bigger than normal, though the speed investigation of the top layer such as micro logging, little refraction and artillery first arrival can be utilized
As a result row constraint is entered, but the precision of model is still limited.
(2) the obtained low velocity layer rate pattern of inverting is constrained and according to low according to micro logging, little refraction and artillery first arrival
There is boundary effect in the static correction value that reduction of speed interval velocity model is calculated.Due to the theoretic limitation of chromatography conversion method, chromatography is anti-
The computer capacity for drilling the rate pattern of acquisition is only limitted in the range of shot point, and for the geophone station rate pattern outside shot point scope then
Use Extrapolation method, but the limited precision of rate pattern extrapolation, thus rate pattern and the static correction value that calculates exist it is bright
Aobvious boundary effect, have impact on the precision of static correction.
(3) the obtained low velocity layer rate pattern of inverting is constrained and according to low according to micro logging, little refraction and artillery first arrival
There is multi-solution in the static correction value that reduction of speed interval velocity model is calculated.The reason for causing multi-solution includes：1) input condition and control
The uncertainty of parameter, wherein, the principle of first break pickup, the quality of first break pickup, remote offset distance first arrival wavelets stretching degree,
The selection of inverting offset distance scope, inverted parameters are established a capital really vital influence on inversion result；2) inversion method
Inherent shortcoming, because tomographic inversion is the process of local optimal searching and fitting, so even the parameter of input is identical, but anti-every time
The result drilled can also slightly have difference.
The content of the invention
The goal of the invention of the present invention is that there is provided a kind of desert area based on double Compaction Laws for the defect of prior art
Surface static correction method, for solving lack accuracy that existing static correcting method is present, the problem of static correction result is not unique.
The invention provides a kind of desert area surface static correction method based on double Compaction Laws, this method includes：
By handling seismic data, floating datum is set up；
Stratum near surface structure on floating datum is defined as superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum, by near-earth
Stratum in table structure under floating datum is defined as normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum；
Using the near-surface velocity investigation result in seismic data, fitting obtains the depth on superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum
Degree-tensionvelocity curve；
Using the near-surface velocity investigation result in seismic data, fitting obtains the depth on normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum
Degree-tensionvelocity curve；
According to depth-length velocity relation of detection point height, floating datum elevation and superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum
Curve, calculating obtains receiver static correction amount；
According to shot point elevation, shot point well depth, floating datum elevation, superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum depth-speed
Relation curve and the depth-tensionvelocity curve on normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum, calculating obtain shot statics.
Further, by handling seismic data, set up floating datum and further comprise：
By handling standing level investigation result and near-surface velocity investigation result, floating datum is set up.
Further, for the seismic data arrived using well big gun vibroseis acquisition, shot statics includes：Explosive column is high
Spend static correction value and uphole time static correction value.
Further, for the seismic data collected using controlled source, shot statics does not include：Shot point well depth
Static correction value.
Further, near-surface velocity investigation result is obtained using micro logging method or little refraction method.
Further, this method also includes：
Obtained receiver static correction amount will be calculated and shot statics is write into the data file of preset format, entered
Row seismic data conventional treatment.
The technical scheme provided according to the present invention, using sand dune speed and the regularity of distribution of sand dune height, to floating reference
Intended respectively on the normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum under superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum and floating datum on face
Close, obtain corresponding depth-tensionvelocity curve, and static corrections processing is carried out according to resulting depth-tensionvelocity curve.
This method is effectively improved the precision of desert area surface static correction processing, with higher computational efficiency；Also, this method is not
Dependent on seismic first breaks information, do not controlled by artificial parameter, ensure that the uniqueness and reliability of static correction result,
Efficiently solve in the seism processing of desert area because the rolling long wavelength's static correction caused in the tall and big sand dune in top layer is asked
Topic, contributes to the seism processings such as follow-up Depth Domain velocity modeling and imaging.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows the flow for the desert area surface static correction embodiment of the method based on double Compaction Laws that the present invention is provided
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 shows the single shot record exemplary plot before static correction；
Fig. 3 shows the result exemplary plot for single shot record obtain after static correction using chromatography conversion method；
Fig. 4 shows that the desert area surface static correction method based on double Compaction Laws provided using the present invention is remembered to single-shot
Record carries out the result exemplary plot obtained after static correction；
Fig. 5 shows the flat distribution map of the receiver static correction amount obtained using chromatography conversion method；
Fig. 6 shows the inspection that the desert area surface static correction method based on double Compaction Laws provided using the present invention is obtained
The flat distribution map of wave point static correction value.
Embodiment
The exemplary embodiment of the disclosure is more fully described below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although showing the disclosure in accompanying drawing
Exemplary embodiment, it being understood, however, that may be realized in various forms the disclosure without should be by embodiments set forth here
Limited.On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to facilitate a more thoroughly understanding of the present invention, and can be by the scope of the present disclosure
Complete conveys to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows the flow for the desert area surface static correction embodiment of the method based on double Compaction Laws that the present invention is provided
Schematic diagram, as shown in figure 1, this method comprises the following steps：
Step S1, by handling seismic data, sets up floating datum.
It can set up and float by handling standing level investigation result and near-surface velocity investigation result in step sl
Reference plane so that the Fluid pressure in the pore system on the stratum near surface structure under the floating datum is remained
Balanced each other with hydrostatic pressure.The sand dune speed and sand dune height on desert area top layer can be learnt according to near-surface velocity investigation result
The regularity of distribution etc., wherein, near-surface velocity investigation result can be obtained using micro logging method or little refraction method.
Specifically, micro logging method is to the direct drilling of near surface, by studying transmitted wave ghosting near surface knot
The method of structure, because it directly receives the upgoing wave information excited at the different depth of underground on ground, by landform influenceed compared with
It is small, with higher precision.It is in the horizontal and vertical that earthquake work area endosexine speed and thickness can be obtained using micro logging method
Upward changing rule；Little refraction method is the refraction for utilizing the direct wave propagated in low velocity layer (LVL) and near surface refracting interface to propagate
Ripple is come the method for studying the change of weathering zone.
Step S2, by the stratum near surface structure on floating datum with being defined as superficial deposit Compaction Law
Layer, normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum is defined as by the stratum near surface structure under floating datum.
After floating datum is established, in step s 2, by the ground near surface structure on floating datum
Layer is defined as superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum, and it is normal heavy that the stratum near surface structure under floating datum is defined as
Overstock reality rule stratum.Because the Fluid pressure in the pore system on the stratum near surface structure under floating datum begins
Keep balancing each other with hydrostatic pressure eventually, therefore the stratum near surface structure under floating datum is defined as normal sedimentation
Compaction Law stratum, in addition, the stratum near surface structure on floating datum is defined as into superficial deposit Compaction Law
Stratum.
Step S3, using the near-surface velocity investigation result in seismic data, fitting is with obtaining superficial deposit Compaction Law
Depth-tensionvelocity curve of layer.
Specifically, the near-surface velocity investigation result obtained using micro logging method or little refraction method can be counted
Processing, and the depth-tensionvelocity curve for obtaining superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum is fitted, so as to obtain superficial deposit compacting rule
Restrain the rate pattern on stratum.
Step S4, using the near-surface velocity investigation result in seismic data, fitting is with obtaining normal sedimentation Compaction Law
Depth-tensionvelocity curve of layer.
Specifically, the near-surface velocity investigation result obtained using micro logging method or little refraction method can be counted
Processing, and the depth-tensionvelocity curve for obtaining normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum is fitted, so as to obtain normal sedimentation compacting rule
Restrain the rate pattern on stratum.
Step S5, according to depth-speed of detection point height, floating datum elevation and superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum
Relation curve is spent, calculating obtains receiver static correction amount.
After fitting obtains the depth-tensionvelocity curve on superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum, so that it may according to geophone station
Depth-tensionvelocity curve of elevation, floating datum elevation and superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum, calculating obtains geophone station
Static correction value.
Step S6, according to shot point elevation, shot point well depth, floating datum elevation, superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum depth
Degree-tensionvelocity curve and the depth-tensionvelocity curve on normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum, calculating obtain shot-static correction
Amount.
Specifically, for the seismic data arrived using well big gun vibroseis acquisition, the calculating of shot statics may include pair
The calculating of the static correction value of actual survey data such as explosive column height and uphole time, i.e. shot statics may include explosive
Powder column height static correction value and uphole time static correction value etc.；And the seismic data for being collected using controlled source, to big gun
The calculating of point static correction value may not include the calculating of the static correction value to the actual survey data such as shot point well depth, i.e. shot-static correction
Amount may not include shot point well depth static correction value etc..
Step S7, will calculate obtained receiver static correction amount and shot statics is write to the data text of preset format
In part, seismic data conventional treatment is carried out.
Those skilled in the art can set preset format according to actual needs, not limit herein.In a specific implementation
In example, preset format is SPS forms, wherein, SPS forms are a kind of lattice designed according to the demand and opinion of earth physical User
Formula, the position data and geophysics assistance data of the physical points that it gathers seismic crew are carried out with a kind of general reference format
Arrange, the arrangement of field data standardized, automated, then in the step s 7, the receiver static correction amount that calculating is obtained
Write with shot statics into the data file of SPS forms, so that it may easily carry out follow-up such as raising signal to noise ratio and
The seismic data conventional treatment of resolution ratio, Depth Domain velocity modeling and imaging etc..
Illustrate the desert area surface static correction based on double Compaction Laws that the present invention is provided below by specific application
Method is had the advantage that compared with chromatography conversion method of the prior art.
Fig. 2 shows the single shot record exemplary plot before static correction, using chromatography conversion method of the prior art to Fig. 2 institutes
The single shot record that shows carries out static correction, resulting result as shown in figure 3, and using the present invention provide based on double Compaction Laws
Desert area surface static correction method static correction is carried out to the single shot record shown in Fig. 2, resulting result is as shown in Figure 4.It is logical
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are crossed it can be clearly seen that for the static correction to single shot record, with chromatography conversion method phase of the prior art
Than the desert area surface static correction method based on double Compaction Laws that the present invention is provided has higher static correction precision.
Fig. 5 shows the flat distribution map of the receiver static correction amount obtained using chromatography conversion method, and Fig. 6 shows profit
The plane for the receiver static correction amount that the desert area surface static correction method based on double Compaction Laws provided with the present invention is obtained
Distribution map, by Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 it can be clearly seen that for receiver static correction amount, with tomographic inversion side of the prior art
Method is compared, the desert area surface static correction method non-boundary effect based on double Compaction Laws that the present invention is provided.
The technical scheme provided according to the present invention, using sand dune speed and the regularity of distribution of sand dune height, to floating reference
Intended respectively on the normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum under superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum and floating datum on face
Close, obtain corresponding depth-tensionvelocity curve, and static corrections processing is carried out according to resulting depth-tensionvelocity curve.
This method is effectively improved the precision of desert area surface static correction processing, with higher computational efficiency；Also, this method is not
Dependent on seismic first breaks information, do not controlled by artificial parameter, ensure that the uniqueness and reliability of static correction result,
Efficiently solve in the seism processing of desert area because the rolling long wavelength's static correction caused in the tall and big sand dune in top layer is asked
Topic, optimizes desert area surface static correction method, contributes to the seismic datas such as follow-up Depth Domain velocity modeling and imaging
Processing.
Finally it should be noted that be：Listed above is only the specific embodiment of the present invention, the technology of certain this area
Personnel can be modified and modification to the present invention, if these modifications and variations belong to the claims in the present invention and its equivalent skill
Within the scope of art, protection scope of the present invention is considered as.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of desert area surface static correction method based on double Compaction Laws, it is characterised in that methods described includes：
By handling seismic data, floating datum is set up；
Stratum near surface structure on the floating datum is defined as superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum, by near-earth
Stratum in table structure under the floating datum is defined as normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum；
Using the near-surface velocity investigation result in the seismic data, fitting obtains the depth on superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum
Degree-tensionvelocity curve；
Using the near-surface velocity investigation result in the seismic data, fitting obtains the depth on normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum
Degree-tensionvelocity curve；
According to depth-length velocity relation of detection point height, floating datum elevation and the superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum
Curve, calculating obtains receiver static correction amount；
According to shot point elevation, shot point well depth, floating datum elevation, the superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum depth-speed
Relation curve and the depth-tensionvelocity curve on the normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum, calculating obtain shot statics.
2. the desert area surface static correction method according to claim 1 based on double Compaction Laws, it is characterised in that described
By handling seismic data, set up floating datum and further comprise：
By handling standing level investigation result and near-surface velocity investigation result, floating datum is set up.
3. the desert area surface static correction method according to claim 1 based on double Compaction Laws, it is characterised in that for
The seismic data arrived using well big gun vibroseis acquisition, shot statics is included：Explosive column height static correction value and uphole time
Static correction value.
4. the desert area surface static correction method according to claim 1 based on double Compaction Laws, it is characterised in that for
The seismic data collected using controlled source, shot statics is not included：Shot point well depth static correction value.
5. the desert area surface static correction method based on double Compaction Laws according to claim any one of 1-4, its feature
It is, the near-surface velocity investigation result is obtained using micro logging method or little refraction method.
6. the desert area surface static correction method based on double Compaction Laws according to claim any one of 1-4, its feature
It is, methods described also includes：
Obtained receiver static correction amount will be calculated and shot statics is write into the data file of preset format, carry out ground
Shake data conventional treatment.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN107831536A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Desert surface seismic data processing floating datum method for building up |
| CN109581503A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-04-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method and system solving desert exploratory area tomographic statics border issue |
| CN113050156A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-29 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Desert area seismic acquisition wave detection point optimization method and device |
| CN113721297A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-11-30 | 中国石油化工集团有限公司 | Method for suppressing sand dune ringing by using speed characteristics |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109581503A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2019-04-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method and system solving desert exploratory area tomographic statics border issue |
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| CN107831536A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Desert surface seismic data processing floating datum method for building up |
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| CN113050156A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-29 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Desert area seismic acquisition wave detection point optimization method and device |
| CN113721297A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-11-30 | 中国石油化工集团有限公司 | Method for suppressing sand dune ringing by using speed characteristics |
| CN113721297B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2024-02-20 | 中国石油化工集团有限公司 | Method for suppressing sand hill ringing by utilizing speed characteristics |
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