CN107179553B - Desert area surface static correction method based on double Compaction Laws - Google Patents
Desert area surface static correction method based on double Compaction Laws Download PDFInfo
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- CN107179553B CN107179553B CN201710623909.6A CN201710623909A CN107179553B CN 107179553 B CN107179553 B CN 107179553B CN 201710623909 A CN201710623909 A CN 201710623909A CN 107179553 B CN107179553 B CN 107179553B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/36—Effecting static or dynamic corrections on records, e.g. correcting spread; Correlating seismic signals; Eliminating effects of unwanted energy
- G01V1/362—Effecting static or dynamic corrections; Stacking
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/50—Corrections or adjustments related to wave propagation
- G01V2210/53—Statics correction, e.g. weathering layer or transformation to a datum
Abstract
The desert area surface static correction method based on double Compaction Laws that the invention discloses a kind of, this method comprises: establishing floating datum；Determine superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum and normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum；Using the near-surface velocity investigation result in seismic data, fitting obtains the depth-tensionvelocity curve on superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum；Using the near-surface velocity investigation result in seismic data, fitting obtains the depth-tensionvelocity curve on normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum；According to detection point height, shot point elevation, shot point well depth, floating datum elevation, the depth-tensionvelocity curve on superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum and the depth-tensionvelocity curve on normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum, receiver static correction amount and shot statics are calculated.Technical solution provided by the invention effectively improves the precision of desert area surface static correction processing, it is ensured that the uniqueness and reliability of static correction result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to complex prospecting area oil and natural gas seismic exploration technique fields, and in particular to one kind is based on double compactings
The desert area surface static correction method of rule.
Background technique
In Tarim Basin desert covering area, due to the influence on the tall and big sand dune in surface layer, seismic wave excitation and receiving factor
It differs larger, the hyperbola in single shot record is caused to distort serious, static correction outstanding problem, to seism processing and explain band
Larger difficulty is carried out.
In to desert area seism processing, generally use preliminary wave chromatography conversion method carry out static correction processing and
Calculate, but the chromatography conversion method have the defects that it is certain, mainly are as follows:
(1) precision for constraining the low velocity layer rate pattern that inverting obtains according to micro logging, little refraction and artillery first arrival is low
Under.Tomographic statics technology by complicated surface geology model infinitesimal, and assume the medium in infinitesimal be it is uniform, stablize it is constant
, and ray forward modeling is carried out using gridding method, the precision of rate pattern and the efficiency of calculating are mainly by field acquisition geometry
With the influence for calculating sizing grid；In addition, the rate pattern that chromatography conversion method obtains is by, remote offset distance seismic first breaks
The influence of average effect, model velocity is generally bigger than normal, though it can be investigated using surface layers speed such as micro logging, little refraction and artillery first arrivals
As a result it is constrained, but the precision of model is still limited.
(2) the obtained low velocity layer rate pattern of inverting constrained according to micro logging, little refraction and artillery first arrival and according to low
There are boundary effects for the static correction value that reduction of speed interval velocity model calculates.Due to the theoretic limitation of chromatography conversion method, chromatography is anti-
The computer capacity for drilling the rate pattern of acquisition is only limitted within the scope of shot point, and then for the geophone station rate pattern outside shot point range
Extrapolation method is used, however the precision of rate pattern extrapolation is limited, therefore there is bright for rate pattern and the static correction value of calculating
Aobvious boundary effect affects the precision of static correction.
(3) the obtained low velocity layer rate pattern of inverting constrained according to micro logging, little refraction and artillery first arrival and according to low
There are multi-solutions for the static correction value that reduction of speed interval velocity model calculates.The reason of causing multi-solution includes: 1) input condition and control
The uncertainty of parameter, wherein degree that the principle of first break pickup, the quality of first break pickup, remote offset distance first arrival wavelets stretch,
The selection of inverting offset distance range, inverted parameters are established a capital really has vital influence to inversion result；2) inversion method
Inherent shortcoming, since tomographic inversion is the process of local optimal searching and fitting, so even the parameter of input is identical, but anti-every time
The result drilled can also slightly have difference.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the invention is in view of the drawbacks of the prior art, to provide a kind of desert area based on double Compaction Laws
Surface static correction method, for solving the problems, such as that lack accuracy existing for existing static correcting method, static correction result be not unique.
The desert area surface static correction method based on double Compaction Laws that the present invention provides a kind of, this method comprises:
By handling seismic data, floating datum is established；
Stratum near surface structure on floating datum is determined as superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum, by near-earth
Stratum in table structure under floating datum is determined as normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum；
Using the near-surface velocity investigation result in seismic data, fitting obtains the depth on superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum
Degree-tensionvelocity curve；
Using the near-surface velocity investigation result in seismic data, fitting obtains the depth on normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum
Degree-tensionvelocity curve；
According to depth-length velocity relation of detection point height, floating datum elevation and superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum
Receiver static correction amount is calculated in curve；
According to shot point elevation, shot point well depth, floating datum elevation, superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum depth-speed
Relation curve and the depth-tensionvelocity curve on normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum, are calculated shot statics.
Further, by handling seismic data, establishing floating datum further comprises:
By handling standing level investigation result and near-surface velocity investigation result, floating datum is established.
Further, for the seismic data arrived using well big gun vibroseis acquisition, shot statics include: explosive column height
Spend static correction value and uphole time static correction value.
Further, for utilizing the collected seismic data of controlled source, shot statics do not include: shot point well depth
Static correction value.
Further, near-surface velocity investigation result is obtained using micro logging method or little refraction method.
Further, this method further include:
The receiver static correction amount and shot statics that are calculated are written into the data file of preset format, into
Row seismic data conventional treatment.
The technical solution provided according to the present invention, using the regularity of distribution of sand dune speed and sand dune height, to floating reference
Superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum on face and the normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum under floating datum are intended respectively
It closes, obtains corresponding depth-tensionvelocity curve, and static corrections processing is carried out according to obtained depth-tensionvelocity curve.
This method effectively improves the precision of desert area surface static correction processing, computational efficiency with higher；Also, this method is not
Dependent on seismic first breaks information, not by the control of artificial parameter, the uniqueness and reliability of static correction result are ensured that,
Long wavelength's static correction as caused by the tall and big sand dune in surface layer is rolling in the seism processing of desert area is efficiently solved to ask
Topic, facilitates the seism processings such as subsequent Depth Domain velocity modeling and imaging.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the process of the desert area surface static correction embodiment of the method provided by the invention based on double Compaction Laws
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 shows the single shot record exemplary diagrams before static correction；
Fig. 3 shows the result exemplary diagram for carrying out obtaining after static correction to single shot record using chromatography conversion method；
Fig. 4, which is shown, remembers single-shot using the desert area surface static correction method provided by the invention based on double Compaction Laws
Record carries out the result exemplary diagram obtained after static correction；
Fig. 5 shows the flat distribution map of the receiver static correction amount obtained using chromatography conversion method；
Fig. 6 shows the inspection that the desert area surface static correction method using provided by the invention based on double Compaction Laws obtains
The flat distribution map of wave point static correction value.
Specific embodiment
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are described in more detail below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although showing the disclosure in attached drawing
Exemplary embodiment, it being understood, however, that may be realized in various forms the disclosure without should be by embodiments set forth here
It is limited.On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to facilitate a more thoroughly understanding of the present invention, and can be by the scope of the present disclosure
It is fully disclosed to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows the process of the desert area surface static correction embodiment of the method provided by the invention based on double Compaction Laws
Schematic diagram, as shown in Figure 1, this method comprises the following steps:
Step S1 establishes floating datum by handling seismic data.
It can establish and float by handling standing level investigation result and near-surface velocity investigation result in step sl
Datum level, so that the Fluid pressure in the pore system on the stratum near surface structure under the floating datum remains
It balances each other with hydrostatic pressure.The sand dune speed and sand dune height on desert area surface layer can be learnt according to near-surface velocity investigation result
The regularity of distribution etc., wherein near-surface velocity investigation result can be to be obtained using micro logging method or little refraction method.
Specifically, micro logging method is directly drilled near surface, by studying transmitted wave ghosting near surface knot
The method of structure, because its ground directly receive at the different depth of underground excite upgoing wave information, by landform influenced compared with
It is small, precision with higher.It is horizontally and vertical using micro logging method available earthquake work area endosexine speed and thickness
Upward changing rule；Little refraction method is the refraction propagated using the direct wave and near surface refracting interface propagated in low velocity layer (LVL)
Wave is come the method for studying the variation of weathering zone.
Step S2, with being determined as superficial deposit Compaction Law by the stratum near surface structure on floating datum
Layer, is determined as normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum for the stratum near surface structure under floating datum.
After establishing floating datum, in step s 2, by the ground near surface structure on floating datum
Layer is determined as superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum, and it is normally heavy that the stratum near surface structure under floating datum is determined as
Overstock real regular stratum.Since the Fluid pressure in the pore system on the stratum near surface structure under floating datum begins
It keeps balancing each other with hydrostatic pressure eventually, therefore the stratum near surface structure under floating datum is determined as normal sedimentation
Compaction Law stratum, in addition, the stratum near surface structure on floating datum is determined as superficial deposit Compaction Law
Stratum.
Step S3, using the near-surface velocity investigation result in seismic data, fitting is with obtaining superficial deposit Compaction Law
Depth-tensionvelocity curve of layer.
Specifically, the near-surface velocity investigation result obtained using micro logging method or little refraction method can be counted
Processing, and be fitted and obtain the depth-tensionvelocity curve on superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum, to obtain superficial deposit compacting rule
Restrain the rate pattern on stratum.
Step S4, using the near-surface velocity investigation result in seismic data, fitting is with obtaining normal sedimentation Compaction Law
Depth-tensionvelocity curve of layer.
Specifically, the near-surface velocity investigation result obtained using micro logging method or little refraction method can be counted
Processing, and be fitted and obtain the depth-tensionvelocity curve on normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum, to obtain normal sedimentation compacting rule
Restrain the rate pattern on stratum.
Step S5, according to depth-speed of detection point height, floating datum elevation and superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum
Relation curve is spent, receiver static correction amount is calculated.
After fitting obtains the depth-tensionvelocity curve on superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum, so that it may according to geophone station
Depth-tensionvelocity curve of elevation, floating datum elevation and superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum, is calculated geophone station
Static correction value.
Step S6, according to shot point elevation, shot point well depth, floating datum elevation, superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum depth
Degree-tensionvelocity curve and the depth-tensionvelocity curve on normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum, are calculated shot-static correction
Amount.
Specifically, for the seismic data arrived using well big gun vibroseis acquisition, the calculating to shot statics may include pair
The calculating of the static correction value of the actual measurements data such as explosive column height and uphole time, i.e. shot statics may include explosive
Powder column height static correction value and uphole time static correction value etc.；And for utilizing the collected seismic data of controlled source, to big gun
The calculating of point static correction value may not include the calculating of the static correction value to the actual measurements data such as shot point well depth, i.e. shot-static correction
Amount may not include shot point well depth static correction value etc..
The receiver static correction amount and shot statics that are calculated are written to the data text of preset format step S7
In part, seismic data conventional treatment is carried out.
Preset format can be arranged in those skilled in the art according to actual needs, herein without limitation.It is embodied at one
In example, preset format is SPS format, wherein SPS format is a kind of lattice designed according to the demand and opinion of earth physical User
Formula, the position data and geophysics auxiliary data for the physical points that it acquires seismic crew are carried out with a kind of general reference format
It arranges, the arrangement of field data is made to standardize, automate, then in the step s 7, the receiver static correction amount that will be calculated
Be written with shot statics into the data file of SPS format, so that it may easily carry out it is subsequent for example improve signal-to-noise ratio and
The seismic data conventional treatment of resolution ratio, Depth Domain velocity modeling and imaging etc..
Illustrate the desert area surface static correction provided by the invention based on double Compaction Laws below by specific application
Method possessed advantage compared with chromatography conversion method in the prior art.
Fig. 2 shows the single shot record exemplary diagrams before static correction, using chromatography conversion method in the prior art to Fig. 2 institute
The single shot record shown carries out static correction, and obtained result is as shown in figure 3, and utilize provided by the invention based on double Compaction Laws
Desert area surface static correction method static correction is carried out to single shot record shown in Fig. 2, obtained result is as shown in Figure 4.It is logical
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are crossed it can be clearly seen that for the static correction to single shot record, with chromatography conversion method phase in the prior art
Than the desert area surface static correction method static correction precision with higher provided by the invention based on double Compaction Laws.
Fig. 5 shows the flat distribution map of the receiver static correction amount obtained using chromatography conversion method, and Fig. 6 shows benefit
With the plane for the receiver static correction amount that the desert area surface static correction method provided by the invention based on double Compaction Laws obtains
Distribution map, by Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 it can be clearly seen that receiver static correction amount is directed to, with tomographic inversion side in the prior art
Method is compared, the desert area surface static correction method non-boundary effect provided by the invention based on double Compaction Laws.
The technical solution provided according to the present invention, using the regularity of distribution of sand dune speed and sand dune height, to floating reference
Superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum on face and the normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum under floating datum are intended respectively
It closes, obtains corresponding depth-tensionvelocity curve, and static corrections processing is carried out according to obtained depth-tensionvelocity curve.
This method effectively improves the precision of desert area surface static correction processing, computational efficiency with higher；Also, this method is not
Dependent on seismic first breaks information, not by the control of artificial parameter, the uniqueness and reliability of static correction result are ensured that,
Long wavelength's static correction as caused by the tall and big sand dune in surface layer is rolling in the seism processing of desert area is efficiently solved to ask
Topic, optimizes desert area surface static correction method, facilitates the seismic datas such as subsequent Depth Domain velocity modeling and imaging
Processing.
Finally it should be noted that: the above enumerated are only specific embodiments of the present invention son, the technology of certain this field
Personnel can be modified to the present invention and modification, if these modifications and variations belong to the claims in the present invention and its equivalent skill
Within the scope of art, it is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of desert area surface static correction method based on double Compaction Laws, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
By handling seismic data, floating datum is established, so that the ground near surface structure under the floating datum
Fluid pressure in the pore system of layer is remained to balance each other with hydrostatic pressure；
Stratum near surface structure on the floating datum is determined as superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum, by near-earth
Stratum in table structure under the floating datum is determined as normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum；
Using the near-surface velocity investigation result in the seismic data, fitting obtains the depth on superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum
Degree-tensionvelocity curve；
Using the near-surface velocity investigation result in the seismic data, fitting obtains the depth on normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum
Degree-tensionvelocity curve；
According to depth-length velocity relation of detection point height, floating datum elevation and superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum
Receiver static correction amount is calculated in curve；
According to shot point elevation, shot point well depth, floating datum elevation, superficial deposit Compaction Law stratum depth-speed
Relation curve and the depth-tensionvelocity curve on normal sedimentation Compaction Law stratum, are calculated shot statics.
2. the desert area surface static correction method according to claim 1 based on double Compaction Laws, which is characterized in that described
By handling seismic data, establishing floating datum further comprises:
By handling standing level investigation result and near-surface velocity investigation result, floating datum is established.
3. the desert area surface static correction method according to claim 1 based on double Compaction Laws, which is characterized in that for
The seismic data arrived using well big gun vibroseis acquisition, shot statics include: explosive column height static correction value and uphole time
Static correction value.
4. the desert area surface static correction method according to claim 1 based on double Compaction Laws, which is characterized in that for
Using the collected seismic data of controlled source, shot statics do not include: shot point well depth static correction value.
5. the desert area surface static correction method according to claim 1-4 based on double Compaction Laws, feature
It is, the near-surface velocity investigation result is obtained using micro logging method or little refraction method.
6. the desert area surface static correction method according to claim 1-4 based on double Compaction Laws, feature
It is, the method also includes:
The receiver static correction amount and shot statics that are calculated are written into the data file of preset format, carry out ground
Shake data conventional treatment.
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| CN109581503B (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2020-08-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and system for solving problem of chromatography static correction boundary of desert exploration area |
| CN107831536B (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2019-07-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Desert surface seismic data handles floating datum method for building up |
| CN113721297B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2024-02-20 | 中国石油化工集团有限公司 | Method for suppressing sand hill ringing by utilizing speed characteristics |
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| CN106855639A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-06-16 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Static correcting method and device |
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