CN107831536A - Desert surface seismic data processing floating datum method for building up - Google Patents
Desert surface seismic data processing floating datum method for building up Download PDFInfo
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- IERHLVCPSMICTF-XVFCMESISA-N CMP group Chemical group P(=O)(O)(O)OC[C@@H]1[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)N1C(=O)N=C(N)C=C1)O)O IERHLVCPSMICTF-XVFCMESISA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of desert surface seismic data to handle floating datum method for building up, and this method includes：According to the longitude and latitude distribution of the target area of seism processing, remote sensing survey data corresponding to target area are obtained；Remote sensing survey data are subjected to origin coordinate system transform processing, plane coordinates system is converted to by latitude and longitude coordinates system；Using the remote sensing survey data under plane coordinates system, yardstick smoothing processing is carried out to the sand dune higher than certain height, establishes earth's surface elevation floating datum.The seism processing floating datum that the present invention establishes has the characteristics that directly smooth, the field actual measured results independent of seismic data acquisition, result are clear and definite, obtained in advance.Due to not associated with replacement velocity, low velocity layer, observation system etc., it is ensured that the objectivity and independence that floating datum is established, so as to eliminate the influence that desert earth's surface acutely rises and falls to seism processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to complex prospecting area oil and natural gas seismic exploration technique field, more particularly to a kind of desert earth's surface
Seismic data processing floating datum method for building up.
Background technology
In Tarim Basin desert ground mulching area, because top layer sand dune is rolling, so causing the change of earth's surface elevation
Change acutely, loose burial depth change greatly, very big difficulty is brought to seismic data acquisition, processing and explanation.
Floating datum is the processing median surface in seism processing.Due to the correlation theory of seismic prospecting be mostly with
Premised on the basic assumption of horizontal homogeneous stratiform medium, therefore floating datum should be as gentle as possible, violent so as to eliminate earth's surface
The influence to rise and fall to seism processing.
It is general that floating reference is established using average static correction value method and smooth earth's surface elevation method in seism processing
Face.But above-mentioned used technical method is typically based on the field actual measured results in seismic data acquisition, in floating base
There is certain limitation in the foundation and application in quasi- face, it is mainly reflected in：
A, the technological deficiency of average static correction value method：
Average static correction value method is by calculating each CMP (Common Mid-Point CMPs) trace gather Nei Gedao's
The floating datum of big gun, the sum average value of receiver static correction amount as the point.Its result of calculation is the even surface of time-domain,
The floating datum into Depth Domain is converted using replacement velocity and is usually above real surface, and is contained without clear and definite physics
Justice.Therefore, floating datum caused by average static correction value method is unfavorable for the entirety of Depth Domain top layer speed and mid-deep strata speed
Modeling and the pre-stack depth migration imaging based on smooth earth's surface.
B, the defects of smooth earth's surface elevation method
Yardstick is smooth, and the floating datum established is earth's surface elevation by being carried out to earth's surface elevation for smooth earth's surface elevation method
Even surface.Although floating datum caused by smooth earth's surface elevation method has clear and definite physical significance, and contribute to depth
Domain speed Holistic modeling and the migration imaging based on smooth earth's surface.But in practically seismic data processing, earth's surface altitude data
Generally obtained by the shot point and detection point height interpolation CMP elevations of seismic data acquisition, so empty by field acquisition physical points
Between density limitation.For the near surface type more violent to desert, mountain region equal ripple, earth's surface altitude data is by spatial sampling
The influence of density, limited precision, it is impossible to recover earth's surface height fluctuations completely.In addition big gun, geophone station distribution are inconsistent
Boundary effect is easily caused to elevation interpolation algorithm, so as to have impact on the precision of floating datum foundation.
C, the floating datum closed-ended question in the multi-thread seism processing of two dimension
In the multi-thread seism processing of two dimension, due to being limited by data itself, earth's surface elevation can only smoothly use one
Tie up smoothing operator.For orthogonal or oblique different surveys line, the direction limitation of one-dimensional smoothing operator causes each bar and surveyed
The earth's surface elevation of line can not close completely, have impact on follow-up static correction and the closure processing of rate pattern.
D, the floating datum reunification in seismic data reprocessing and block-tie processing
In seismic data reprocessing, because the earth's surface elevation smoothing operator peace slide rule degree of different times processing is difficult to
Unified, the long wavelength statics caused in static correction is inconsistent, have impact on the practicable precision of structure with lower amplitude.And in earthquake
In data block-tie processing, for the seismic data of different times collection, in data acquisition overlapping region, different blocks earth's surface
The measurement result of elevation has differences unavoidably, therefore the floating datum established can not be completely the same, in work area joining place
Boundary effect can be produced, have impact on the effect of seismic data block-tie processing.
The content of the invention
In view of the above problems, it is proposed that the present invention so as to provide one kind overcome above mentioned problem or at least in part solve on
State the desert surface seismic data processing floating datum method for building up of problem.
Floating datum method for building up is handled according to surface seismic data in desert provided by the invention, including：
According to the longitude and latitude distribution of the target area of seism processing, remote sensing survey corresponding to target area is obtained
Data；
Remote sensing survey data are subjected to origin coordinate system transform processing, plane coordinate system is converted to by latitude and longitude coordinates system
System；
Using the remote sensing survey data under plane coordinates system, yardstick is carried out to the sand dune higher than certain height and smoothly located
Reason, establishes earth's surface elevation floating datum.
Alternatively, the remote sensing survey data under using plane coordinates system, chi is carried out to the sand dune higher than certain height
Smoothing processing is spent, is established after earth's surface elevation floating datum, the above method is also included the height of earth's surface elevation floating datum
Journey interpolation of data is CMP bin altitude datas, and CMP bin altitude datas are saved as into what is supported in seismic data processing system
Data format.
Alternatively, yardstick smoothing processing is carried out to the sand dune higher than certain height to further comprise：By seismic data acquisition
Spread length or arrangement piece width as smooth yardstick operator, and the sand dune higher than certain height cut and cuts processing.
Alternatively, successive ignition is carried out to yardstick smoothing processing, so as to obtain the smooth earth's surface elevation floating datum of yardstick.
Alternatively, after the smooth earth's surface elevation floating datum of yardstick is obtained, the above method also includes：With reference near surface
Energy structure survey data are corrected to the smooth earth's surface elevation floating datum of yardstick.
Alternatively, near surface structure survey data further comprises little refraction data, micro logging data, hydrostatic planar survey number
According to.
Alternatively, remote sensing survey data are subjected to origin coordinate system transform processing, plane is converted to by latitude and longitude coordinates system
The step of coordinate system, specifically includes：Remote sensing survey data are subjected to origin coordinate system transform using Gauss Kru＆4＆ger projection's method
Processing, plane coordinates system is converted to by latitude and longitude coordinates system.
Alternatively, plane coordinates system further comprises：WGS84 or BJ1954 plane coordinates systems.
Desert surface seismic data processing floating datum method for building up provided by the invention compared with prior art, should
Method obtains remote sensing corresponding to above-mentioned target area by the longitude and latitude distribution of the target area according to seism processing
Measurement data, and independent of the field actual measured results of seismic data acquisition.And by by above-mentioned remote sensing survey data
Origin coordinate system transform processing is carried out, plane coordinates system is converted to by latitude and longitude coordinates system；Then above-mentioned plane coordinates is utilized
Remote sensing survey data under system, yardstick smoothing processing is carried out to the sand dune higher than certain height, establishes earth's surface elevation floating base
Quasi- face.The inventive method directly utilizes remote sensing survey data, it is possible to it is usual to overcome earth's surface altitude data in the prior art
Obtained by the shot point and detection point height interpolation CMP elevations of seismic data acquisition, by field acquisition physical points space density
The defects of limitation.Earth's surface elevation floating reference is established by directly carrying out yardstick smoothing processing to the sand dune higher than certain height
Face, without carrying out speed replacement, also do not associated with low velocity layer, observation system etc., overcome and calculate knot in the prior art
Fruit is the even surface of time-domain, is converted the floating datum into Depth Domain using replacement velocity and is usually above real surface
The defects of, it is ensured that the objectivity and independence that floating datum is established, acutely risen and fallen so as to eliminate desert earth's surface to earthquake
The influence of data processing.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technological means of the present invention,
It is practiced so as to the content according to specification, and in order to allow above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage energy
Enough become apparent, below especially exemplified by the embodiment of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
By reading the detailed description of hereafter preferred embodiment, it is various other the advantages of and benefit it is common for this area
Technical staff will be clear understanding.Accompanying drawing is only used for showing the purpose of preferred embodiment, and is not considered as to the present invention
Limitation.And in whole accompanying drawing, identical part is denoted by the same reference numerals.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 shows that the desert surface seismic data processing floating datum provided according to one embodiment of the invention is established
The flow chart of method.
Embodiment
The exemplary embodiment of the disclosure is more fully described below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although the disclosure is shown in accompanying drawing
Exemplary embodiment, it being understood, however, that may be realized in various forms the disclosure without should be by embodiments set forth here
Limited.On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to facilitate a more thoroughly understanding of the present invention, and can be by the scope of the present disclosure
Completely it is communicated to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows that the desert surface seismic data processing floating datum provided according to one embodiment of the invention is established
The flow chart of method.As shown in figure 1, this method comprises the steps S101- steps S103.
Step S101, according to the longitude and latitude distribution of the target area of seism processing, it is corresponding to obtain target area
Remote sensing survey data.
Wherein remote sensing survey data such as can be SRTM remote sensing survey data, or other kinds of remote sensing survey
Data, do not describe one by one herein.The acquisition modes of remote sensing survey data can be obtained using technological means known to those skilled in the art
Take, this is not restricted.
Step S102, remote sensing survey data are subjected to origin coordinate system transform processing, are converted to by latitude and longitude coordinates system flat
Areal coordinate system.
Wherein, remote sensing survey data are subjected to origin coordinate system transform processing, being converted to plane by latitude and longitude coordinates system sits
Mark system may further include：Remote sensing survey data are carried out at origin coordinate system transform using Gauss Kru＆4＆ger projection's method
Reason, plane coordinates system is converted to by latitude and longitude coordinates system.Specific formula is as follows：
In above-mentioned formula：The ordinate that x is the abscissa of plane coordinates system, y is plane coordinates system.L is elliptical shape ball
The longitude of geodetic coordinates on face, the latitude that B is the geodetic coordinates on ellipsoidal surface.S is through bank by equator to latitude B
It is long.N is radius of curvature in prime vertical.η can be by formula η2=e'2cos2B is obtained, and wherein e' is the second eccentricity of the earth.
Wherein, above-mentioned plane coordinates system may further include：WGS84 or BJ1954 plane coordinates systems, can be with
For other plane coordinates systems, this is not restricted.
Step S103, using the remote sensing survey data under plane coordinates system, chi is carried out to the sand dune higher than certain height
Smoothing processing is spent, establishes earth's surface elevation floating datum.
Wherein, yardstick smoothing processing is carried out to the sand dune higher than certain height to further comprise：Retaining near surface elevation
On the premise of variation tendency, using the spread length of seismic data acquisition or arrangement piece width as smooth yardstick operator, and to height
In the sand dune of certain height cut and cut processing, wherein, above-mentioned certain height can be 1/2 or 3/4 part of sand dune height.Tool
Body carries out yardstick smoothing processing with equation below to the sand dune higher than certain height：
fsmooth(x, y)=σ f (x, y)
In above formula：F (x, y) is smooth preceding earth's surface elevation；σ is smooth yardstick operator；fsmooth(x, y) is smooth rear earth's surface
Elevation.
Further, successive ignition is carried out to above-mentioned yardstick smoothing processing, floated so as to obtain the smooth earth's surface elevation of yardstick
Reference plane.After the smooth earth's surface elevation floating datum of above-mentioned yardstick is obtained, also further to combine near surface structure and adjust
Look into data to be corrected the smooth earth's surface elevation floating datum of above-mentioned yardstick, so as to establish earth's surface elevation floating datum.Its
In, above-mentioned near surface structure survey data further comprises little refraction data, micro logging data, standing level measurement data etc.,
This is not described one by one.
Remote sensing survey data under the above-mentioned system using plane coordinates, yardstick is carried out to the sand dune higher than certain height and put down
Sliding processing, is established after earth's surface elevation floating datum, and method provided by the invention is also included earth's surface elevation floating datum
Altitude data in be inserted as CMP bin altitude datas, and above-mentioned CMP bins altitude data is saved as into seismic data processing system
The data format of middle support.
By the matching with seismic acquisition and processing data, earthquake money will be inserted as in sparse floating surface altitude data
CMP bin altitude datas employed in material processing, and the data are saved as to the data supported in seismic data processing system
Form.
After establishing desert surface seismic data processing floating datum by above-mentioned steps, the floating datum is entered one
The loading of step ground and application.By the way that the floating datum of acquisition is loaded into seismic data processing system, this then can be utilized
System carries out follow-up static correction, improves the seism processing such as signal to noise ratio and resolution ratio, velocity modeling.
The desert surface seismic data that the present embodiment provides handles floating datum method for building up compared with prior art,
This method is obtained distant corresponding to above-mentioned target area by the longitude and latitude distribution of the target area according to seism processing
Sensed quantity data, rather than the field actual measured results independent of seismic data acquisition.And by the way that above-mentioned remote sensing is surveyed
Measure data and carry out origin coordinate system transform processing, plane coordinates system is converted to by latitude and longitude coordinates system；Then using above-mentioned flat
Remote sensing survey data under areal coordinate system, yardstick smoothing processing is carried out to the sand dune higher than certain height, establishes earth's surface elevation
Floating datum.This method directly utilizes remote sensing survey data, it is possible to overcomes earth's surface elevation in plane earth's surface elevation method
Data are generally obtained by the shot point and detection point height interpolation CMP elevations of seismic data acquisition, empty by field acquisition physical points
Between density limitation the defects of and in seismic data block-tie processing, for different times collection seismic data for,
Data acquisition overlapping region, the measurement result of different blocks earth's surface elevation have differences, and the floating datum established can not
Completely the same, in work area, joining place can produce boundary effect, the defects of have impact on the effect of seismic data block-tie processing.By right
Sand dune higher than certain height directly carries out yardstick smoothing processing so as to establish earth's surface elevation floating datum, so without carrying out
Speed is replaced, and is not also associated with low velocity layer, observation system etc., when overcoming that result of calculation is in average static correction value method
Between domain even surface, the floating datum being converted using replacement velocity into Depth Domain is usually above real surface, and nothing
The problem of clear and definite physical meaning, it is ensured that the objectivity and independence that floating datum is established.In addition, what the present embodiment provided
Method is further using the spread length of seismic data acquisition or arrangement piece width as smooth yardstick operator, and to higher than spy
The sand dune for determining height is smoothed, and is overcome in the existing multi-thread seism processing of two dimension, due to being limited by data itself
System, earth's surface elevation can only smoothly use one-dimensional smoothing operator.For orthogonal or oblique different surveys line, the side of one-dimensional smoothing operator
Caused to limitation the problem of the earth's surface elevation of each bar survey line can not close completely and in seismic data reprocessing by
It is difficult to unification in the earth's surface elevation smoothing operator peace slide rule degree of different times processing, causes the quiet school of long wavelength in static correction
Positive quantity is inconsistent, the problem of have impact on structure with lower amplitude practicable precision.Also, the present embodiment is in the sand established by this method
On unconcerned surface seismic data processing floating datum basis, and using static correction computational methods adaptable therewith, effectively solution
Long wavelength's static correction problem under desert surface conditions of having determined in seism processing.
So far, although those skilled in the art will appreciate that detailed herein have shown and described multiple showing for the present invention
Example property embodiment, still, still can be directly true according to disclosure of invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
Determine or derive many other variations or modifications for meeting the principle of the invention.Therefore, the scope of the present invention is it should be understood that and recognize
It is set to and covers other all these variations or modifications.
In addition, although describing the present invention in the accompanying drawings with particular order implements operation, still, this is not required that or secretly
These operations must be performed according to the particular order by showing, or the operation having to carry out shown in whole could realize desired knot
Fruit.Some steps can be omitted, multiple steps are merged into a step is performed, or a step is divided into multiple steps and held
OK.
The method and specific implementation method of the present invention are described in detail above, and give corresponding implementation
Example.Certainly, in addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiment, all to use equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shape
Into technical scheme, all fall within invention which is intended to be protected.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of desert surface seismic data handles floating datum method for building up, it is characterised in that including：
According to the longitude and latitude distribution of the target area of seism processing, remote sensing survey corresponding to the target area is obtained
Data；
The remote sensing survey data are subjected to origin coordinate system transform processing, plane coordinate system is converted to by latitude and longitude coordinates system
System；
Using the remote sensing survey data under the plane coordinates system, yardstick is carried out to the sand dune higher than certain height and smoothly located
Reason, establishes earth's surface elevation floating datum.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that surveyed in the remote sensing using under the plane coordinates system
Data are measured, yardstick smoothing processing is carried out to the sand dune higher than certain height, established after earth's surface elevation floating datum, the side
Method also includes：
CMP bin altitude datas will be inserted as in the altitude data of the earth's surface elevation floating datum, and the CMP bins is high
Number of passes evidence saves as the data format supported in seismic data processing system.
3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that it is smooth that the described pair of sand dune higher than certain height carries out yardstick
Processing further comprises：Using the spread length of seismic data acquisition or arrangement piece width as smooth yardstick operator, and to higher than
The sand dune of certain height, which cut, cuts processing.
4. according to the method described in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that successive ignition is carried out to the yardstick smoothing processing, from
And obtain the smooth earth's surface elevation floating datum of yardstick.
5. according to the method for claim 4, it is characterised in that obtain the smooth earth's surface elevation floating datum of yardstick described
Afterwards, methods described also includes：The smooth earth's surface elevation floating datum of the yardstick is entered with reference near surface structure survey data
Row correction.
6. according to the method for claim 5, it is characterised in that the near surface structure survey data further comprises：It is small
Refraction data, micro logging data and standing level measurement data.
7. according to the method described in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that described that the remote sensing survey data are carried out into coordinate system
Conversion process, the step of being converted to plane coordinates system by latitude and longitude coordinates system, specifically include：Utilize Gauss Kru＆4＆ger projection
The remote sensing survey data are carried out origin coordinate system transform processing by method, and plane coordinate system is converted to by latitude and longitude coordinates system
System.
8. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the plane coordinates system further comprises：WGS84 or
BJ1954 plane coordinates systems.
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| CN113050156A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-29 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Desert area seismic acquisition wave detection point optimization method and device |
| CN113514887A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2021-10-19 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method and device for determining common central point reference plane of seismic data in loess mountain area |
| CN113721297A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-11-30 | 中国石油化工集团有限公司 | Method for suppressing sand dune ringing by using speed characteristics |
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| CN113721297B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2024-02-20 | 中国石油化工集团有限公司 | Method for suppressing sand hill ringing by utilizing speed characteristics |
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| CN107831536B (en) | 2019-07-23 |
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