CN107164974A - 一种涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺，包括以下步骤：依次将苯甲醇、苯二甲酸二甲酯、失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚、分散染料、分散剂溶于pH值为4.5‑6.5的缓冲液中，配制成染液，并将染液温度升至45‑55℃；将涤纶织物投入染液中，浴比为1：20‑40，然后以1.5‑2℃/min的速度升温至90‑95℃，保温30‑50min，再以1.5‑2℃/min的速度降温至70‑75℃，保温30‑40min；然后取出涤纶织物水洗2‑3次，再经还原清洗后水洗3‑4次，最后于70‑75℃下将涤纶织物烘干；本发明涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺，可有效降低涤纶纤维的染色温度，所得涤纶纤维上染百分率、耐摩擦色牢度、皂洗色牢度高，综合性能优异。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及面料染色领域，具体涉及一种涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺。
背景技术
涤纶纤维具有优良的耐热性、耐光性、化学稳定性以及尺寸稳定性等特性，拥有广泛的应用领域，而且随着涤纶差异化率的提高，其应用领域将会不断扩展。但涤纶纤维是一种疏水性强的合成纤维，分子结构中缺少像纤维素分子和蛋白质分子中能够与染料分子发生作用的活性基团，且其分子排列紧密，结晶度高，在常压无合适助剂的条件下，涤纶纤维很难染色。因此，涤纶纤维通常采用高温高压染色法、热熔染色法和载体染色法进行染色。高温高压和热熔染色存在能耗大及对设备要求高的问题，而且不适合对涤纶与羊毛、氨纶等混纺织物的染色。
为了改善涤纶的染色性能，最有效的途径是引用适宜结构的主机对涤纶进行改性预处理或将助剂加入到染缸中以增加涤纶纤维上可于染料结合的基因，或使涤纶纤维增塑、膨化，从而提高染料上染涤纶纤维的作用力及向涤纶纤维内部扩散的速率。载体染色法通过助剂作用改变涤纶纤维的结构，进而改善涤纶纤维的染色性能，达到常压可染的效果。载体染色可降低能耗，适于无高温染色设备的染厂实现涤纶混纺产品的染色，适合工厂大批量生产。因此，研发涤纶染色促进剂，降低染色温度，减少废水排放，符合当今节能减排的发展趋势，但目前研究的载体仍然存在成本高、污染大等问题，未能大规模工业化生产。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺，可有效降低涤纶纤维的染色温度，所得涤纶纤维上染百分率、耐摩擦色牢度、皂洗色牢度高，综合性能优异。
为实现以上目的，本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现：
一种涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺，包括以下步骤：依次将苯甲醇、苯二甲酸二甲酯、失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚、分散染料、分散剂溶于pH值为4.5-6.5的缓冲液中，配制成染液，并将染液温度升至45-55℃；将涤纶织物投入染液中，浴比为1：20-40，然后以1.5-2℃/min的速度升温至90-95℃，保温30-50min，再以1.5-2℃/min的速度降温至70-75℃，保温30-40min；然后取出涤纶织物水洗2-3次，经还原清洗后水洗3-4次，最后于70-75℃下将涤纶织物烘干。
优选地，所述缓冲液为以磷酸二氢钾和适量醋酸配制成的pH值为4.5-6.5的缓冲液。
优选地，所述分散剂为亚甲基双甲基萘磺酸钠和碱性木质素磺酸钠按质量比1：1-4混合而成。
优选地，所述分散染料为雅特隆AQE系列染料。
优选地，所述染液中苯甲醇的浓度为3-5g/L，苯二甲酸二甲酯的浓度为3-5g/L，失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚的浓度为3-5g/L，分散剂的浓度为1-1.5g/L。
优选地，所述分散染料的用量为2％-5％owf。
优选地，所述还原清洗的工艺参数为：氢氧化钠2g/L，保险粉2g/L，浴比为1：15-25，还原清洗温度为85-90℃，时间为20-25min。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺，通过合理配置染液中的各原料以及助剂，可有效降低涤纶纤维的染色温度，降低了能耗，并提高了生产效率，使染色成本大大降低，同时所得涤纶纤维上染百分率、耐摩擦色牢度、皂洗色牢度高，综合性能优异，可用于制备优质的台布和窗帘等。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1：
一种涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺，包括以下步骤：
1、依次将苯甲醇、苯二甲酸二甲酯、失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚、雅特隆红AQE、分散剂溶于pH值为4.5-6.5的缓冲液中，配制成染液，并将染液温度升至50℃；染液中苯甲醇的浓度为4g/L，苯二甲酸二甲酯的浓度为4g/L，失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚的浓度为4g/L，分散剂的浓度为1.5g/L；雅特隆红AQE的用量为3％owf；
其中缓冲液以磷酸二氢钾和适量醋酸配制而成；分散剂为亚甲基双甲基萘磺酸钠和碱性木质素磺酸钠按质量比1：2混合而成；
2、将涤纶织物投入染液中，浴比为1：30，然后以2℃/min的速度升温至92℃，保温40min，再以2℃/min的速度降温至70℃，保温35min；然后取出涤纶织物水洗2次，经还原清洗后水洗4次，最后于70℃下将涤纶织物烘干；其中还原清洗的工艺参数为：氢氧化钠2g/L，保险粉2g/L，浴比为1：20，还原清洗温度为90℃，时间为25min。
实施2：
一种涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺，包括以下步骤：
1、依次将苯甲醇、苯二甲酸二甲酯、失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚、雅特隆蓝AQE、分散剂溶于pH值为4.5-6.5的缓冲液中，配制成染液，并将染液温度升至55℃；染液中苯甲醇的浓度为3g/L，苯二甲酸二甲酯的浓度为5g/L，失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚的浓度为3g/L，分散剂的浓度为1.5g/L；雅特隆蓝AQE的用量为5％owf；
其中缓冲液以磷酸二氢钾和适量醋酸配制而成；分散剂为亚甲基双甲基萘磺酸钠和碱性木质素磺酸钠按质量比1：1混合而成；
2、将涤纶织物投入染液中，浴比为1：40，然后以1.5℃/min的速度升温至95℃，保温50min，再以1.5℃/min的速度降温至70℃，保温40min；然后取出涤纶织物水洗3次，经还原清洗后水洗3次，最后于72℃下将涤纶织物烘干；其中还原清洗的工艺参数为：氢氧化钠2g/L，保险粉2g/L，浴比为1：15，还原清洗温度为88℃，时间为22min。
实施例3：
一种涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺，包括以下步骤：
1、依次将苯甲醇、苯二甲酸二甲酯、失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚、雅特隆蓝AQE、分散剂溶于pH值为4.5-6.5的缓冲液中，配制成染液，并将染液温度升至50℃；染液中苯甲醇的浓度为5g/L，苯二甲酸二甲酯的浓度为3g/L，失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚的浓度为4g/L，分散剂的浓度为1.2g/L；雅特隆蓝AQE的用量为2％owf；
其中缓冲液以磷酸二氢钾和适量醋酸配制而成；分散剂为亚甲基双甲基萘磺酸钠和碱性木质素磺酸钠按质量比1：4混合而成；
2、将涤纶织物投入染液中，浴比为1：20，然后以1.5℃/min的速度升温至90℃，保温30min，再以2℃/min的速度降温至75℃，保温30min；然后取出涤纶织物水洗2次，经还原清洗后水洗3次，最后于75℃下将涤纶织物烘干；其中还原清洗的工艺参数为：氢氧化钠2g/L，保险粉2g/L，浴比为1：25，还原清洗温度为85℃，时间为20min。
实施例4：
一种涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺，包括以下步骤：
1、依次将苯甲醇、苯二甲酸二甲酯、失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚、雅特隆黄AQE、分散剂溶于pH值为4.5-6.5的缓冲液中，配制成染液，并将染液温度升至45℃；染液中苯甲醇的浓度为4g/L，苯二甲酸二甲酯的浓度为3-5g/L，失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚的浓度为5g/L，分散剂的浓度为1g/L；雅特隆黄AQE的用量为4％owf；
其中缓冲液以磷酸二氢钾和适量醋酸配制而成；分散剂为亚甲基双甲基萘磺酸钠和碱性木质素磺酸钠按质量比1：3混合而成；
2、将涤纶织物投入染液中，浴比为1：25，然后以2℃/min的速度升温至92℃，保温50min，再以1.5℃/min的速度降温至75℃，保温35min；然后取出涤纶织物水洗3次，经还原清洗后水洗3次，最后于70℃下将涤纶织物烘干；其中还原清洗的工艺参数为：氢氧化钠2g/L，保险粉2g/L，浴比为1：25，还原清洗温度为90℃，时间为20min。
性能测试：
实施例1-4的所制得的涤纶纤维进行性能检测测试，测试结果如表1所示：
表1：测试结果
由上可知，本发明涤纶纤维上染百分率、耐摩擦色牢度、皂洗色牢度高，综合性能优异，
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：依次将苯甲醇、苯二甲酸二甲酯、失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚、分散染料、分散剂溶于pH值为4.5-6.5的缓冲液中，配制成染液，并将染液温度升至45-55℃；将涤纶织物投入染液中，浴比为1：20-40，然后以1.5-2℃/min的速度升温至90-95℃，保温30-50min，再以1.5-2℃/min的速度降温至70-75℃，保温30-40min；然后取出涤纶织物水洗2-3次，经还原清洗后水洗3-4次，最后于70-75℃下将涤纶织物烘干。
2.根据权利要求1所述的涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺，其特征在于：所述缓冲液为以磷酸二氢钾和适量醋酸配制成的pH值为4.5-6.5的缓冲液。
3.根据权利要求1所述的涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺，其特征在于：所述分散剂为亚甲基双甲基萘磺酸钠和碱性木质素磺酸钠按质量比1：1-4混合而成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺，其特征在于：所述分散染料为雅特隆AQE系列染料。
5.根据权利要求1所述的涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺，其特征在于：所述染液中苯甲醇的浓度为3-5g/L，苯二甲酸二甲酯的浓度为3-5g/L，失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚的浓度为3-5g/L，分散剂的浓度为1-1.5g/L。
6.根据权利要求1所述的涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺，其特征在于：所述分散染料的用量为2％-5％owf。
7.根据权利要求1所述的涤纶纤维的低温染色工艺，其特征在于：所述还原清洗的工艺参数为：氢氧化钠2g/L，保险粉2g/L，浴比为1：15-25，还原清洗温度为85-90℃，时间为20-25min。
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