CN107164418A - 一种透性化细胞制备茶氨酸的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种透性化细胞制备茶氨酸的方法,包括(1)制备透性化细胞:首先将含胞内谷氨酰胺酶的菌株进行培养,培养好后离心,收集菌体;用pH9.0‑10.0的0.1 M硼砂缓冲液清洗菌体后,将菌体加入到处理试剂中进行处理,然后离心收集菌体;再用pH9.0‑10.0的0.1 M硼砂缓冲液清洗菌体,收集菌体,即得到透性化细胞;(2)透性化细胞转化法制备天然茶氨酸。本发明的有益效果:方法简便,透性化细胞表观酶活力提高,表现出比游离酶更高的催化合成茶氨酸的活性。所得透性化细胞的酶活达可达到未渗透细胞的5‑10倍。透性化细胞可以重复使用,可显著降低生产成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种利用产胞内谷氨酰胺酶的菌体透性化细胞制备茶氨酸的方法。
背景技术
茶氨酸(L-theanine)天然存在,是茶叶特有的一种氨基酸。由于其具有降血压、抗肿瘤、保护神经、放松、抗抑郁、抗疲劳、提高免疫力、减轻体脂等多种生理功能,在食品、保健品方面有着广泛的需求和应用,因此研究者们致力于研究一种可大规模生产,不受资源限制的生产方法。
微生物酶法具有环境污染小、生产周期短、不受资源限制、可大规模生产等优点。目前报道了微生物来源的谷氨酰胺酶酶法生产茶氨酸的方法,如来自硝基还原假单胞菌、假单孢菌属、以及2005年公开的来自香茅醇假单孢菌GEA和2007年公开的来自芽孢杆菌属、霉菌或酵母菌中的1种或2种以上的谷氨酰胺酶, 还有2008年公开了一种利用来自枯草芽孢杆菌的谷氨酰转肽酶生产茶氨酸的方法,在实际生产过程中,发现利用产胞内酶的菌体细胞进行细胞转化来制备茶氨酸
不需要对酶液进行提纯与浓缩处理、不存在发酵液成分带入导致后处理工艺复杂的问题,但是仍旧存在成本高的问题,致使产品价格居高不下,限制了产品的应用。
细胞透性化技术可以不造成细胞裂解以及不破坏细胞内部结构的情况下改善细胞的通透性,使得小分子物质和一些较大分子物质能够自由地进出细胞,从而提高菌体的表观催化活力。采用有机溶剂或者表面活性剂等透性化试剂或加热等物理方法来制备透性化细胞。透性化细胞可以提高表观酶活,并且可以反复使用,可以显著降低成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种方法简便,透性化细胞可重复使用的透性化细胞制备茶氨酸的方法。
本发明的技术解决方案是:
一种透性化细胞制备茶氨酸的方法,其特征是:
(1)制备透性化细胞:
首先将含胞内谷氨酰胺酶的菌株进行培养,培养好后离心,收集菌体;
用pH9.0-10.0的0.1 M硼砂缓冲液清洗菌体后,将菌体加入到处理试剂中进行处理,然后离心收集菌体;再用pH9.0-10.0的0.1 M硼砂缓冲液清洗菌体,收集菌体,即得到透性化细胞;
(2)透性化细胞转化法制备天然茶氨酸:
将步骤(1)得到的透性化细胞置于含0. 2~0. 4M谷氨酰胺和1.5~ 2.5M乙胺盐酸盐的pH 为9~10的50~100mM硼酸缓冲液中,在35~40℃下进行2~8小时的酶反应,制备得到茶氨酸。
将菌体加入到处理试剂中进行处理,是将菌体加入50%的乙醇中,25℃下震荡处理1min;或是将菌体重新置于pH9.0-10.0的0.1 M硼砂缓冲液中,50℃加热10min,冷却。
步骤(1)中将含胞内谷氨酰胺酶的菌株进行培养的具体方法是:在发酵培养基中,以g/L计:葡萄糖12、酵母抽提物0.9、谷氨酸钠12、MgSO4·7H2O 0.5、K2HPO40.6、KH2PO40.6、EDTA-Fe 0.1,pH 6.8-7.0,35-37℃,200 rpm的条件下培养可产谷氨酰胺酶的硝基还原假单胞菌16 h。
步骤(1)中的处理试剂还可以使用:丙酮、土温80等有机溶剂或表面活性剂等。
一种透性化细胞在制备固定化细胞中的应用,其特征是:将透性化细胞加入到海藻酸钠溶液中,再逐滴滴入到氯化钙溶液中,制备得到固定化细胞。
本发明的有益效果:方法简便,透性化细胞表观酶活力提高,表现出比游离酶更高的催化合成茶氨酸的活性。所得透性化细胞的酶活达可达到未渗透细胞的5-10倍。透性化细胞可以重复使用,可显著降低生产成本。
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
获得菌体:在发酵培养基中(以g/L计):葡萄糖12、酵母抽提物0.9、谷氨酸钠12、MgSO4·7H2O 0.5、K2HPO40.6、KH2PO40.6、EDTA-Fe 0.1,pH 6.8-7.0,35-37℃,200 rpm的条件下培养可产谷氨酰胺酶的硝基还原假单胞菌16 h,离心,收集菌体。
透性化细胞的制备:用0.1 M硼砂缓冲液(pH9.0-10.0)清洗菌体后,将菌体加入50%的乙醇中,25℃下震荡处理1min。在4000rpm、4℃下离心5min后,沉淀用0.1 M硼砂缓冲液(pH10.0)洗涤,弃去上清液,取沉淀即获得透性化细胞。
制备茶氨酸:按照体系1.0 U/mL加酶量添加透性化细胞,在含谷氨酰胺0.3M、乙胺盐酸盐1.5M的50mM硼酸缓冲液(Na2B4O7-NaOH、pH10)中,在37℃下进行6小时的酶反应,合成得到茶氨酸。
实施例2:
获得菌体:在发酵培养基中(以g/L计):葡萄糖12、酵母抽提物0.9、谷氨酸钠12、MgSO4·7H2O 0.5、K2HPO4 0.6、KH2PO4 0.6、EDTA-Fe 0.1,pH 6.8-7.0,35-37℃,200 rpm的条件下培养可产谷氨酰胺酶的硝基还原假单胞菌16 h,离心,收集菌体。
透性化细胞的制备:用0.1 M硼砂缓冲液(pH9.0-10.0)清洗菌体后,将菌体重新置于0.1 M硼砂缓冲液(pH9.0-10.0)中,50℃加热10min,冷却。在4000rpm、4℃下离心5min后,沉淀用0.1 M硼砂缓冲液(pH10.0)洗涤,弃去上清液,取沉淀即获得透性化细胞。
制备茶氨酸:添加1.5 U/mL透性化细胞,在含谷氨酰胺0.3M、乙胺盐酸盐1.0M的50mM硼酸缓冲液(Na2B4O7-NaOH、pH10)中,在37℃下进行8小时的酶反应,合成了茶氨酸。
实施例3:
一种透性化细胞在制备固定化细胞中的应用,将透性化细胞加入到海藻酸钠溶液中,再逐滴滴入到氯化钙溶液中,制备得到固定化细胞。
Claims (4)
1.一种透性化细胞制备茶氨酸的方法,其特征是:
(1)制备透性化细胞:
首先将含胞内谷氨酰胺酶的菌株进行培养,培养好后离心,收集菌体;
用pH9.0-10.0的0.1 M硼砂缓冲液清洗菌体后,将菌体加入到处理试剂中进行处理,然后离心收集菌体;再用pH9.0-10.0的0.1 M硼砂缓冲液清洗菌体,收集菌体,即得到透性化细胞;
(2)透性化细胞转化法制备天然茶氨酸:
将步骤(1)得到的透性化细胞置于含0. 2~0. 4M谷氨酰胺和1.5~ 2.5M乙胺盐酸盐的pH 为9~10的50~100mM硼酸缓冲液中,在35~40℃下进行2~8小时的酶反应,制备得到茶氨酸。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种透性化细胞制备茶氨酸的方法,其特征是:将菌体加入到处理试剂中进行处理,是将菌体加入50%的乙醇中,25℃下震荡处理1min;或是将菌体重新置于pH9.0-10.0的0.1 M硼砂缓冲液中,50℃加热10min,冷却。
3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种透性化细胞制备茶氨酸的方法,其特征是:步骤(1)中将含胞内谷氨酰胺酶的菌株进行培养的具体方法是:在发酵培养基中,以g/L计:葡萄糖12、酵母抽提物0.9、谷氨酸钠12、MgSO4·7H2O 0.5、K2HPO40.6、KH2PO40.6、EDTA-Fe 0.1,pH6.8-7.0,35-37℃,200 rpm的条件下培养可产谷氨酰胺酶的硝基还原假单胞菌16 h。
4.一种透性化细胞在制备固定化细胞中的应用,其特征是:将透性化细胞加入到海藻酸钠溶液中,再逐滴滴入到氯化钙溶液中,制备得到固定化细胞。
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