CN107142764B - It is a kind of for pre-processing the method and device thereof of agricultural crop straw - Google Patents
It is a kind of for pre-processing the method and device thereof of agricultural crop straw Download PDFInfo
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- CN107142764B CN107142764B CN201710427688.5A CN201710427688A CN107142764B CN 107142764 B CN107142764 B CN 107142764B CN 201710427688 A CN201710427688 A CN 201710427688A CN 107142764 B CN107142764 B CN 107142764B
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- guillotine cutting
- crop straw
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
- D21B1/30—Defibrating by other means
- D21B1/36—Explosive disintegration by sudden pressure reduction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
- B27L11/08—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood fibres, e.g. produced by tearing
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
- D21C1/02—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting with water or steam
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods for pre-processing agricultural crop straw, comprising the following steps: A, carries out guillotine cutting to agricultural crop straw to be processed by agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device；B, infiltration processing is carried out to the agricultural crop straw after guillotine cutting in step A；C, will infiltration treated agricultural crop straw is put into progress steam explosion processing in steam-explosion jar in step B, and it is washed；D, the steam puffed stalk after washing in step C is put into hurricane drier by room temperature natural air drying, the steam puffed stalk after air-drying is put into pulverizer and is crushed, storage is into holding vessel after crossing 30~40 meshes.The invention further relates to a kind of for pre-processing the device of the pretreatment agricultural crop straw of the method for agricultural crop straw.The present invention is easy to crops stalk crushing, can effectively avoid crop straw burning and huddles the phenomenon that leaving about, and avoids pollution of the crop straw burning to air, while the renewable resource of effective development in the world.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of environment protection treatment field, in particular to a kind of method for pre-processing agricultural crop straw and its
Device.
Background technique
PM2.5 refers to particulate matter of the diameter less than or equal to 2.5 microns in atmosphere, and too small partial size can the long period
It is suspended in the air, and residence time length, the conveying distance of Yin Qinei rich in a large amount of poisonous and harmful substances and in an atmosphere
Far, even if PM2.5 is the component that content is seldom in earth atmosphere ingredient, but it have to air quality and visibility etc. it is important
It influences, the influence to human health and atmosphere quality is bigger；The source of PM2.5 includes: fossil fuel (coal, oil, gas etc.)
Flying dust, motor-vehicle tail-gas dirt, industrial dust and biomass combustion flying dust, dust on the roads etc., and the burning of agricultural crop straw, directly
Primary particulate is discharged, ' Organic aerosol ' contained in the flue gas that crop straw burning distributes can also form PM2.5, be with rice husk
Example: since rice husk heap density is small, transport, storage are inconvenient；Shell is hard, it is difficult to be digested by soil；Nutritive value is low, is not suitable for
Make feed；It is accordingly regarded as waste, it is most of directly to be burned, environment is polluted, or even fire can be caused, and non-crop straw burning
It huddles and leaves about, be discarded in the edge of a field, roadside, irrigation canals and ditches, blocking drainage leads to water pollution；By taking China as an example, in 2015 to annual output
It is more than 900,000,000 tons that stalk, which carries out statistics, has nearly more than 300,000,000 tons of stalk to be wasted every year, so that agricultural is become Largest In China face source dirty
Dye industry；
Agricultural crop straw is grouped as by cellulose, lignin and three big groups of hemicellulose, wherein lignin be it is complicated,
Amorphism, three-dimensional netted compound, it is considered to be the aromatic compound that industrially can be uniquely obtained from renewable resource；Straw
The main component of rice husk is hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, SiO2 etc. in stalk, because and be a kind of huge renewable money
Source, stalk refining be converted into biologically based fuels, bio-based materials, feed and fertilizer etc. be solve the energy, environmental problem it is important
Approach, as the consumption for developing fossil fuel of world economy is growing day by day, and the influence various countries at high price of fossil fuel
Expanding economy, also by sustainable growth, renewable energy will gradually occupy biggish world energy consumption within coming few decades
Ratio, therefore the not just pollution to air, the even more waste to renewable resource abundant in the world are burned to stalk；
Existing guillotine cutting device is mostly double material feeding roller axle construction, in the operation being compacted to stalk, it is possible that
" leakage pressure " phenomenon, makes the stalk without compacting be directly entered guillotine cutting device, causes operating efficiency and the activity duration of guillotine cutting device
Extension, easily occur that edge wear is irregular, and cut quality is not high in existing guillotine cutting assembly, tiltedly rubbing with the hands easily occurs in careless section, causes machine
Device job insecurity influences the whole efficiency of operation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide one kind to be easy to crops stalk crushing, improves its water imbibition, can effectively avoid burning
Stalk huddles the phenomenon that leaving about, and avoids pollution of the crop straw burning to air, while the renewable resource of effective development in the world
For pre-processing the method and device thereof of agricultural crop straw.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme is that
A method of for pre-processing agricultural crop straw, comprising the following steps:
A, guillotine cutting is carried out to agricultural crop straw to be processed by agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, is at length by its guillotine cutting
The segment of 10~19 cm is spare；
B, infiltration processing is carried out to the agricultural crop straw after guillotine cutting in step A, i.e., is 10~19 cm's by guillotine cutting length
Segment agricultural crop straw is put into sink, and water is added in sink with the ratio of 1:1, infiltrate 24 hours or more；
C, will treated that agricultural crop straw is put into steam-explosion jar for infiltration in step B, saturation heat is passed through into steam-explosion jar and is steamed
Vapour, boosts to 0.6 MPa, 1.0 MPa and 1.5 MPa respectively, the dwell time be after 3 minutes, 3 minutes can pressure release obtain
Steam puffed stalk；60 DEG C of water is added into steam puffed stalk with 1: 10 solid-to-liquid ratio, removes steam puffed stalk surface soluble matter；
D, the steam puffed stalk after washing in step C is put into hurricane drier and passes through room temperature natural air drying；By the steam explosion after air-drying
Stalk is put into pulverizer and is crushed, and storage is into holding vessel after crossing 30~40 meshes.
Further, the steam puffed stalk in the holding vessel and wheat bran be mixed up to mushroom with the ratio of 1:1
Culture medium.
It is a kind of for pre-processing the device of the pretreatment agricultural crop straw of the method for agricultural crop straw, including agricultural crop straw
Guillotine cutting device, sink, steam-explosion jar, hurricane drier, pulverizer and holding vessel；
The agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, for carrying out guillotine cutting to agricultural crop straw to be processed；The crops straw
Stalk guillotine cutting device includes rack, the transmission system for agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device operation, feeding chamber and guillotine cutting device；It is described
Feeding chamber is located at the left side of rack, and feeding chamber includes feed hopper, squeeze board and one group of material feeding roller, and the feed hopper is " U "-shaped,
The upper plane lateral inclination of feed hopper is laid with more than two squeeze boards, and the rear end face of the squeeze board and the upper of feed hopper are put down
For within angle between face less than 90 °, material feeding roller is located at the lower part of feed hopper, and the shaft end of material feeding roller is respectively positioned on the outer of feeding chamber
End, the shaft end of material feeding roller are laid with gear respectively, and the entrance of feeding chamber corresponds to the import of guillotine cutting device；Guillotine cutting device position
In the middle part of rack, guillotine cutting device includes guillotine cutting device assembly, one group of stationary knife and blanking slide plate, and the stationary knife is fixed on feeding chamber and goes out
The middle and lower part of mouth；The guillotine cutting device assembly includes guillotine cutting device roller, guillotine cutting axis and moving knife, is laterally laid in the guillotine cutting device roller
There is guillotine cutting axis, is circumferentially tilted on the guillotine cutting axis and moving knife is detachably distributed with, the basil of the moving knife is greater than 35 °, moving knife
Anterior angle is cut less than 90 °, the two axial ends of guillotine cutting axis are located at the outside of guillotine cutting device roller, and a wherein shaft end for guillotine cutting axis is laid with skin
Belt wheel, the other end is laid with output gear on guillotine cutting axis, and the side of the guillotine cutting device roller offers outlet, the exit cloth
Equipped with blanking slide plate, the blanking slide plate corresponds to sink；The transmission system includes the motor for being fixed to frame lower, Yi Jiwei
Wherein one end is connected on guillotine cutting axis by belt in the drive pulley on the drive pulley on motor shaft, the motor shaft
Belt pulley, the output gear of the other end passes through chain and connects gear on material feeding roller on the guillotine cutting axis；
Sink, for carrying out infiltration processing to the agricultural crop straw after guillotine cutting；
Steam-explosion jar obtains steam puffed stalk for carrying out steam explosion to infiltration treated agricultural crop straw；
Hurricane drier air-dries processing for carrying out to steam puffed stalk；
Pulverizer, for treated that agricultural crop straw crushes to air-drying；
Holding vessel stores smashed stalk.
Further, material feeding roller described in every group is four, one of them is active material feeding roller, and remaining three are passive
Material feeding roller, four material feeding roller parallelogram distributions, corresponding in equilateral triangle point of three material feeding rollers up and down
Cloth；The same side shaft end on the active material feeding roller is laid with outboard gears and inboard gear respectively, and the outboard gears connect
The output gear on guillotine cutting axis is connect, the inboard gear connects the gear on the passive material feeding roller of the same side, and the same side is remaining
Gear be mutually sequentially connected two-by-two by chain, the gear of opposite axial end passes through on active material feeding roller and passive material feeding roller
Chain is mutually sequentially connected two-by-two.
Further, stationary knife described in every group is three, and the edge line of stationary knife is located under the axis of rotation of moving knife.
Further, it is described detachably be distributed as circumferentially being welded with more than four moving knife on the axial wall of guillotine cutting axis fix
Plate is reserved with threaded hole in the moving knife fixed plate, fixed long hole is reserved on moving knife, moving knife and moving knife fixed plate are affixed
It closes, the upper plane of moving knife is higher than the upper plane of moving knife fixed plate, fixes long hole and threaded hole for moving knife by screw bolt passes
It is fixed in moving knife fixed plate.
Further, the lower part of the hurricane drier is laid with drain valve.
The present invention is a kind of for pre-processing the method and device thereof of agricultural crop straw, it has the advantage that:
The present invention handles stalk using steam explosion, can make stalk each component relative amount that significant changes occur；Steam puffed stalk
Middle hemicellulose level reduces, and content of cellulose dramatically increases, and the connection of the acetyl group of hemicellulose is non-in steam explosion treatment process
It is often easily broken off, at a lower temperature can dissociate completely, hydrolyze to form second with the degradation and acetyl group of hemicellulose
Acid, weakly acidic condition can further strengthen steam explosion effect, so that cellulose crystallite area hydrogen bond is destroyed, lignin structure
It changes, compared to former stalk, the molten content of lignin of acid is slightly reduced in steam puffed stalk, this is because a small amount of molten lignin of acid
It is dissolved in high temperature vapour phase water；The insoluble content of lignin of acid is then increased slightly after steam explosion, and main cause is hemi-cellulose components
Degradation so that whole carbohydrate content reduces, the relative amount of lignin be increased；Straw can be improved in steam explosion processing
Stalk lignin extraction rate carries out preprocess method to stalk by steam explosion, weight will be played during biomass high-qualityization utilizes
It acts on；
The present invention first passes through agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device to crops to be processed before handling stalk by steam explosion
Stalk carries out guillotine cutting, after stalk is put into feed hopper, contacts, is smoothly brought into guillotine cutting device, nothing with the material feeding roller of rotation
It need to manually force to insert, it is continuous reliable not only ensure that feeding, but also improve job security, using one group of material feeding roller to stalk
It is compacted, four material feeding roller parallelogram distributions, corresponding in equilateral triangle point of three material feeding rollers up and down
Cloth can be such that stalk is sufficiently compacted, even if wherein occurring " leakage pressure " phenomenon, remaining feeding roller between two material feeding rollers
Axis can also be compacted stalk, and stalk is avoided to be directly entered operating efficiency and the operation of guillotine cutting device internal influence guillotine cutting device
Time；The stalk transition that the setting of blanking slide plate can be such that guillotine cutting crosses is transported in sink, avoids touching spillage spray in sink；Moving knife
Using being detachably connected, it is reserved with fixed long hole on moving knife, makes the gap blade of moving knife and stationary knife be easy to adjust, the cutting of moving knife
Anterior angle is less than 90 °, so that Cutting Drag reduces, improves cutting efficiency；
The present invention can effectively avoid crop straw burning and huddle the phenomenon that leaving about, and avoid pollution of the crop straw burning to air, reduce
The generation of PM2.5, while the renewable resource of effective development in the world.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is a kind of for pre-processing the structural schematic diagram of the device of agricultural crop straw.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention is a kind of for pre-processing the structural schematic diagram of the feeding chamber of the device of agricultural crop straw.
Fig. 3 is that the present invention is a kind of for pre-processing the structural schematic diagram of the transmission system of the device of agricultural crop straw.
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural representation that the guillotine cutting axis for pre-processing the device of agricultural crop straw is connected with moving knife of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural schematic diagram that the stationary knife position for pre-processing the device of agricultural crop straw is installed of the present invention.
Numbering in the drawing are as follows: 1 is rack, and 2 be motor, and 3 be feed hopper, and 4 be guillotine cutting device roller, and 5 be blanking slide plate, and 6 are
Squeeze board, 7 be sink, and 8 be steam-explosion jar, and 9 be hurricane drier, and 10 be drain valve, and 11 be pulverizer, and 12 be holding vessel, and 13 is actively
Material feeding roller, 14 be guillotine cutting axis, and 15 be passive material feeding roller, and 16 be moving knife, and 17 be moving knife fixed plate, and 18 be stationary knife.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific embodiments:
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of method for pre-processing agricultural crop straw, comprising the following steps:
A, guillotine cutting is carried out to agricultural crop straw to be processed by agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, is at length by its guillotine cutting
The segment of 10~19 cm is spare；
B, infiltration processing is carried out to the agricultural crop straw after guillotine cutting in step A, i.e., is 10~19 cm's by guillotine cutting length
Segment agricultural crop straw is put into sink 7, and water is added in sink 7 with the ratio of 1:1, infiltrates 24 hours；
C, will treated that agricultural crop straw is put into steam-explosion jar 8 for infiltration in step B, saturation heat is passed through into steam-explosion jar 8
Steam, boosts to 0.6 MPa, 1.0 MPa and 1.5 MPa respectively, the dwell time be after 3 minutes, 3 minutes can pressure release obtain
To steam puffed stalk；60 DEG C of water is added into steam puffed stalk with 1: 10 solid-to-liquid ratio, removes steam puffed stalk surface soluble matter；
D, the steam puffed stalk after washing in step C is put into hurricane drier 9 and passes through room temperature natural air drying；By the steam explosion after air-drying
Stalk is put into pulverizer 11 and is crushed, and storage is into holding vessel 12 after crossing 30~40 meshes；
Agricultural crop straw is easy to be digested by soil after crushed, and agricultural crop straw returns agriculture after can crushing in holding vessel 12
Field is in favor of soil silicon cycling.
Embodiment two:
As shown in fig. 1~fig. 5, a kind of for pre-processing the device of agricultural crop straw, including agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device,
Sink 7, steam-explosion jar 8, hurricane drier 9, pulverizer 11 and holding vessel 12；
The agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, for carrying out guillotine cutting to agricultural crop straw to be processed；The crops straw
Stalk guillotine cutting device includes rack 1, the transmission system for agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device operation, feeding chamber and guillotine cutting device；Institute
The left side that feeding chamber is located at rack 1 is stated, feeding chamber includes feed hopper 3, squeeze board 6 and one group of material feeding roller, and the feed hopper 3 is in
" u "-shaped, the upper plane lateral inclination of feed hopper 3 are laid with more than two squeeze boards 6, the rear end face of the squeeze board 6 and into
For within angle between the upper plane of hopper 3 less than 90 °, material feeding roller is located at the lower part of feed hopper 3, and material feeding roller described in every group is
Four, one of them is active material feeding roller 13, and remaining three are passive material feeding roller 15, and four material feeding rollers are in parallel four side
Shape distribution, the distribution in equilateral triangle of upper and lower corresponding three material feeding rollers；The shaft end of material feeding roller is respectively positioned on feeding chamber
Outer end, the shaft end of material feeding roller are laid with gear respectively, and the entrance of feeding chamber corresponds to the import of guillotine cutting device；The guillotine cutting device
Positioned at the middle part of rack 1, guillotine cutting device includes that guillotine cutting device assembly, one group of stationary knife 18 and blanking slide plate 5, stationary knife 18 described in every group are
Three, the stationary knife 18 is fixed on the middle and lower part of feeding chamber outlet；The guillotine cutting device assembly includes guillotine cutting device roller 4, guillotine cutting axis
14 and moving knife 16, the edge line of stationary knife 18 be located under the axis of rotation of moving knife 16, be laterally laid with guillotine cutting in guillotine cutting device roller 4
Axis 14, circumferentially moving knife 16 is detachably distributed in inclination on the guillotine cutting axis 14, and the basil of the moving knife 16 is greater than 35 °, moving knife
16 cutting anterior angle is described to be detachably distributed as circumferentially being welded with more than four move on the axial wall of guillotine cutting axis 14 less than 90 °
Knife fixed plate 17 is reserved with threaded hole in the moving knife fixed plate 17, fixed long hole is reserved on moving knife 16, by moving knife 16 and dynamic
Knife fixed plate 17 fits, and the upper plane of moving knife 16 is higher than the upper plane of moving knife fixed plate 17, is fixed by screw bolt passes
Moving knife 16 is fixed in moving knife fixed plate 17 by long hole and threaded hole, and the two axial ends of guillotine cutting axis 14 are located at the outer of guillotine cutting device roller 4
A wherein shaft end in portion, guillotine cutting axis 14 is laid with belt pulley, and the other end is laid with output gear, the guillotine cutting device on guillotine cutting axis 14
The side of roller 4 offers outlet, and the exit is laid with blanking slide plate 5, the corresponding sink 7 of the blanking slide plate 5；The biography
Dynamic system includes the motor 2 for being fixed to 1 lower part of rack, and the drive pulley on motor shaft, on the motor shaft
Belt pulley connects the belt pulley of wherein one end on guillotine cutting axis 14 by belt, and the output gear of the other end passes through chain on guillotine cutting axis 14
Item connects the gear on material feeding roller；The same side shaft end on the active material feeding roller 13 is laid with outboard gears and interior respectively
Side gear, the outboard gears connect the output gear on guillotine cutting axis 14, and the inboard gear connects the passive feeding of the same side
Gear on roll shaft 15, the remaining gear in the same side are mutually sequentially connected two-by-two by chain, active material feeding roller 13 and passive
The gear of opposite axial end is mutually sequentially connected two-by-two by chain on material feeding roller 15；
When agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device works, the drive pulley being fixed on motor shaft is driven by motor 2, and lead to
It crosses belt and imparts power to belt pulley on guillotine cutting device on the shaft end of guillotine cutting axis 14, drive guillotine cutting device assembly in guillotine cutting device
Make high speed rotation, mutual power transmitting between the gear on material feeding roller, driving material feeding roller operating rotates, manually will
Agricultural crop straw is laid on feed hopper 3, then pushes to feeding chamber, and the indoor material feeding roller of feeding carries out agricultural crop straw
It is sent into guillotine cutting device after compression, the moving knife 16 in guillotine cutting device on guillotine cutting device assembly further carries out cutting extruding to stalk,
Stalk is pushed using component cutting stalk, the horizontal component to the left of moving knife 16 vertically downward；In the phase of moving knife 16 and stationary knife 18
Under interaction, shred stalk constantly, with the rotation of guillotine cutting device roller 4,16 blade of moving knife is by straw cutting and along guillotine cutting
The push of 4 circular arc direction of device roller, broken section of driven knife 16 of stalk after chopping throw, are fed through in sink 7 through blanking slide plate 5, lead to
Water-carrying groove 7 carries out infiltration processing to the agricultural crop straw after guillotine cutting；Will infiltration treated agricultural crop straw is put into steam-explosion jar 8 into
Row steam explosion, obtains steam puffed stalk；Steam puffed stalk is carried out in hurricane drier 9 to be air-dried at room temperature processing；The lower part of hurricane drier 9 is laid with
The moisture in hurricane drier 9 can be discharged for drain valve 10, and by pulverizer 11, to being air-dried at room temperature that treated, steam puffed stalk carries out powder
Broken, smashed stalk is put into holding vessel 12 and is stored.
Embodiment three:
As shown in fig. 1~fig. 5, a kind of for pre-processing the method and device thereof of agricultural crop straw, one kind is for pre-processing
The method of agricultural crop straw:
A, guillotine cutting is carried out to agricultural crop straw to be processed by agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, is at length by its guillotine cutting
The segment of 10~19 cm is spare；
B, infiltration processing is carried out to the agricultural crop straw after guillotine cutting in step A, i.e., is 10~19 cm's by guillotine cutting length
Segment agricultural crop straw is put into sink 7, and water is added in sink 7 with the ratio of 1:1, infiltrates 24 hours；
C, will treated that agricultural crop straw is put into steam-explosion jar 8 for infiltration in step B, saturation heat is passed through into steam-explosion jar 8
Steam, boosts to 0.6 MPa, 1.0 MPa and 1.5 MPa respectively, the dwell time be after 3 minutes, 3 minutes can pressure release obtain
To steam puffed stalk；60 DEG C of water is added into steam puffed stalk with 1: 10 solid-to-liquid ratio, removes steam puffed stalk surface soluble matter；
D, the steam puffed stalk after washing in step C is put into hurricane drier 9 and passes through room temperature natural air drying；By the steam explosion after air-drying
Stalk is put into pulverizer 11 and is crushed, and storage is into holding vessel 12 after crossing 30~40 meshes；
E, the steam puffed stalk for taking out 5kg in holding vessel 12, steam puffed stalk and wheat bran are mixed with the ratio of 1:1
Up to the culture medium of mushroom.
It is a kind of for pre-processing the device of agricultural crop straw, including agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, sink 7, steam-explosion jar 8,
Hurricane drier 9, pulverizer 11 and holding vessel 12；
The agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, for carrying out guillotine cutting to agricultural crop straw to be processed；The crops straw
Stalk guillotine cutting device includes rack 1, the transmission system for agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device operation, feeding chamber and guillotine cutting device；Institute
The left side that feeding chamber is located at rack 1 is stated, feeding chamber includes feed hopper 3, squeeze board 6 and one group of material feeding roller, and the feed hopper 3 is in
" u "-shaped, the upper plane lateral inclination of feed hopper 3 are laid with more than two squeeze boards 6, the rear end face of the squeeze board 6 and into
For within angle between the upper plane of hopper 3 less than 90 °, material feeding roller is located at the lower part of feed hopper 3, and material feeding roller described in every group is
Four, one of them is active material feeding roller 13, and remaining three are passive material feeding roller 15, and four material feeding rollers are in parallel four side
Shape distribution, the distribution in equilateral triangle of upper and lower corresponding three material feeding rollers；The shaft end of material feeding roller is respectively positioned on feeding chamber
Outer end, the shaft end of material feeding roller are laid with gear respectively, and the entrance of feeding chamber corresponds to the import of guillotine cutting device；The guillotine cutting device
Positioned at the middle part of rack 1, guillotine cutting device includes that guillotine cutting device assembly, one group of stationary knife 18 and blanking slide plate 5, stationary knife 18 described in every group are
Three, the stationary knife 18 is fixed on the middle and lower part of feeding chamber outlet；The guillotine cutting device assembly includes guillotine cutting device roller 4, guillotine cutting axis
14 and moving knife 16, the edge line of stationary knife 18 be located under the axis of rotation of moving knife 16, be laterally laid with guillotine cutting in guillotine cutting device roller 4
Axis 14, circumferentially moving knife 16 is detachably distributed in inclination on the guillotine cutting axis 14, and the basil of the moving knife 16 is greater than 35 °, moving knife
16 cutting anterior angle is described to be detachably distributed as circumferentially being welded with more than four move on the axial wall of guillotine cutting axis 14 less than 90 °
Knife fixed plate 17 is reserved with threaded hole in the moving knife fixed plate 17, fixed long hole is reserved on moving knife 16, by moving knife 16 and dynamic
Knife fixed plate 17 fits, and the upper plane of moving knife 16 is higher than the upper plane of moving knife fixed plate 17, is fixed by screw bolt passes
Moving knife 16 is fixed in moving knife fixed plate 17 by long hole and threaded hole, and the two axial ends of guillotine cutting axis 14 are located at the outer of guillotine cutting device roller 4
A wherein shaft end in portion, guillotine cutting axis 14 is laid with belt pulley, and the other end is laid with output gear, the guillotine cutting device on guillotine cutting axis 14
The side of roller 4 offers outlet, and the exit is laid with blanking slide plate 5, the corresponding sink 7 of the blanking slide plate 5；The biography
Dynamic system includes the motor 2 for being fixed to 1 lower part of rack, and the drive pulley on motor shaft, on the motor shaft
Belt pulley connects the belt pulley of wherein one end on guillotine cutting axis 14 by belt, and the output gear of the other end passes through chain on guillotine cutting axis 14
Item connects the gear on material feeding roller；The same side shaft end on the active material feeding roller 13 is laid with outboard gears and interior respectively
Side gear, the outboard gears connect the output gear on guillotine cutting axis 14, and the inboard gear connects the passive feeding of the same side
Gear on roll shaft 15, the remaining gear in the same side are mutually sequentially connected two-by-two by chain, active material feeding roller 13 and passive
The gear of opposite axial end is mutually sequentially connected two-by-two by chain on material feeding roller 15；
When agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device works, the drive pulley being fixed on motor shaft is driven by motor 2, and lead to
It crosses belt and imparts power to belt pulley on guillotine cutting device on the shaft end of guillotine cutting axis 14, drive guillotine cutting device assembly in guillotine cutting device
Make high speed rotation, mutual power transmitting between the gear on material feeding roller, driving material feeding roller operating rotates, manually will
Agricultural crop straw is laid on feed hopper 3, then pushes to feeding chamber, and the indoor material feeding roller of feeding carries out agricultural crop straw
It is sent into guillotine cutting device after compression, the moving knife 16 in guillotine cutting device on guillotine cutting device assembly further carries out cutting extruding to stalk,
Stalk is pushed using component cutting stalk, the horizontal component to the left of moving knife 16 vertically downward；In the phase of moving knife 16 and stationary knife 18
Under interaction, shred stalk constantly, with the rotation of guillotine cutting device roller 4,16 blade of moving knife is by straw cutting and along guillotine cutting
The push of 4 circular arc direction of device roller, broken section of driven knife 16 of stalk after chopping throw, are fed through in sink 7 through blanking slide plate 5, lead to
Water-carrying groove 7 carries out infiltration processing to the agricultural crop straw after guillotine cutting；Will infiltration treated agricultural crop straw is put into steam-explosion jar 8 into
Row steam explosion, obtains steam puffed stalk；Steam puffed stalk is carried out in hurricane drier 9 to be air-dried at room temperature processing；The lower part of hurricane drier 9 is laid with
The moisture in hurricane drier 9 can be discharged for drain valve 10, and by pulverizer 11, to being air-dried at room temperature that treated, steam puffed stalk carries out powder
Broken, smashed stalk is put into holding vessel 12 and is stored.
The embodiment of the above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not limits the scope of the present invention, therefore
All equivalent change or modifications done according to structure, feature and principle described in the invention patent range, should be included in the present invention
In claim.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of for pre-processing the device of agricultural crop straw, which is characterized in that including agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, sink,
Steam-explosion jar, hurricane drier, pulverizer and holding vessel；
The agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device, for being at length by its guillotine cutting to agricultural crop straw progress guillotine cutting to be processed
The segment of 10~19 cm is spare；The agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device includes rack, for agricultural crop straw guillotine cutting device work
Transmission system, feeding chamber and the guillotine cutting device of industry；The feeding chamber is located at the left side of rack, and feeding chamber includes feed hopper, compacting
Plate and one group of material feeding roller, the feed hopper is " U "-shaped, and the upper plane lateral inclination of feed hopper is laid with more than two compactings
Plate, for the within angle between the rear end face of the squeeze board and the upper plane of feed hopper less than 90 °, material feeding roller is located at feed hopper
Lower part, the shaft end of material feeding roller are respectively positioned on the outer end of feeding chamber, and the shaft end of material feeding roller is laid with gear, the feeding roller respectively
Axis is four, one of them is active material feeding roller, and remaining three are passive material feeding roller, and four material feeding rollers are in parallel four side
Shape distribution, the distribution in equilateral triangle of upper and lower corresponding three material feeding rollers；Same side axle on the active material feeding roller
End is laid with outboard gears and inboard gear, the output gear on the outboard gears connection guillotine cutting axis, the inner tines respectively
Gear on the passive material feeding roller of wheel connection the same side, the remaining gear in the same side are mutually sequentially connected two-by-two by sprocket wheel,
The gear of opposite axial end is mutually sequentially connected two-by-two by chain on active material feeding roller and passive material feeding roller, and feeding chamber enters
The import of the corresponding guillotine cutting device of mouth；The guillotine cutting device is located at the middle part of rack, guillotine cutting device include guillotine cutting device assembly, one group it is fixed
Knife and blanking slide plate, the stationary knife are fixed on the middle and lower part of feeding chamber outlet；The guillotine cutting device assembly includes guillotine cutting device roller, hand hay cutter
Axis and moving knife are cut, guillotine cutting axis, the circumferentially detachable distribution of inclination on the guillotine cutting axis are laterally laid in the guillotine cutting device roller
There is moving knife, the basil of the moving knife is greater than 35 °, and for the cutting anterior angle of moving knife less than 90 °, the two axial ends of guillotine cutting axis are located at the rolling of guillotine cutting device
The outside of cylinder, a wherein shaft end for guillotine cutting axis are laid with belt pulley, and the other end is laid with output gear, the guillotine cutting on guillotine cutting axis
The side of device roller offers outlet, and the exit is laid with blanking slide plate, and the blanking slide plate corresponds to sink；The transmission
System includes the motor for being fixed to frame lower, and the drive pulley on motor shaft, the active on the motor shaft
Belt pulley connects the belt pulley of wherein one end on guillotine cutting axis by belt, and the output gear of the other end passes through chain on the guillotine cutting axis
Item connects the gear on material feeding roller；
Sink, for carrying out infiltration processing, i.e., the segment for being 10~19 cm by guillotine cutting length to the agricultural crop straw after guillotine cutting
Agricultural crop straw is put into sink, and water is added in sink with the ratio of 1:1, infiltrate 24 hours or more；
Steam-explosion jar obtains steam puffed stalk for carrying out steam explosion to infiltration treated agricultural crop straw, i.e., will infiltration treated
Agricultural crop straw is put into steam-explosion jar, and saturation hot steam is passed through into steam-explosion jar, boost to respectively 0.6 MPa, 1.0 MPa and
1.5 MPa, the dwell time be 3 minutes, 3 minutes after can pressure release obtain steam puffed stalk；With 1: 10 solid-to-liquid ratio to steam explosion straw
60 DEG C of water is added in stalk, removes steam puffed stalk surface soluble matter；
Hurricane drier air-dries processing for carrying out to steam puffed stalk, i.e., the steam puffed stalk after washing is put into hurricane drier and passes through room temperature
Natural air drying；
Pulverizer, for treated that agricultural crop straw is crushed to air-drying, i.e., the steam puffed stalk after air-drying is put into crushing
Machine is crushed, and storage is into holding vessel after crossing 30~40 meshes；
Holding vessel stores smashed stalk.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of for pre-processing the device of agricultural crop straw, which is characterized in that fixed described in every group
Knife is three, and the edge line of stationary knife is located under the axis of rotation of moving knife.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of for pre-processing the device of agricultural crop straw, which is characterized in that described detachable
It is distributed as circumferentially being welded with more than four moving knife fixed plates on the axial wall of guillotine cutting axis, is reserved with spiral shell in the moving knife fixed plate
Pit is reserved with fixed long hole on moving knife, moving knife and moving knife fixed plate is fitted, and the upper plane of moving knife is higher than moving knife fixed plate
Upper plane, moving knife is fixed in moving knife fixed plate by the fixed long hole of screw bolt passes and threaded hole.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of for pre-processing the device of agricultural crop straw, which is characterized in that the hurricane drier
Lower part be laid with drain valve.
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| CN201710427688.5A CN107142764B (en) | 2017-06-08 | 2017-06-08 | It is a kind of for pre-processing the method and device thereof of agricultural crop straw |
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| CN201710427688.5A CN107142764B (en) | 2017-06-08 | 2017-06-08 | It is a kind of for pre-processing the method and device thereof of agricultural crop straw |
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| CN108247792B (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2019-11-26 | 东阳市琰安建筑工程有限公司 | The device that agricultural crop straw surface is modified using low temperature plasma |
| CN108385421B (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2019-12-13 | 华南理工大学 | lignocellulose supercritical CO2Blasting and component separation method thereof |
| CN112806225A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-05-18 | 贺州市农业科学院 | Planting method for black fungus and rice crop rotation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE2445702C3 (en) * | 1974-09-25 | 1980-07-03 | Deere & Co., Moline, Ill. (V.St.A.), Niederlassung Deere & Co. European Office, 6800 Mannheim | Forage harvester with a bottom plate that can be adjusted radially to the chopping drum |
| US4474336A (en) * | 1980-07-07 | 1984-10-02 | Gehl Company | Method and means for adjusting a forage harvester shear bar relative to a rotating chopping cylinder |
| CN2917251Y (en) * | 2006-04-29 | 2007-07-04 | 王金铸 | Rotary straw cutting machine |
| CN201360441Y (en) * | 2008-09-01 | 2009-12-16 | 华中农业大学 | Rice and wheat straw cutting and tearing machine |
| CN102173886B (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2013-05-08 | 青岛农业大学 | Oyster mushroom culture medium as well as fermentation inoculum and application thereof |
| CN104070683A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-10-01 | 江南大学 | Method for preparing light cotton stalk hide fiber/polypropylene composite material |
| CN105625073A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2016-06-01 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院 | Raw material pretreatment method for straw-based seedling raising pot, product and production method of seedling raising pot |
| CN104447064A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-03-25 | 天津市治环废弃秸秆加工专业合作社 | Mushroom culture medium prepared from barley straws as raw materials |
| CN104690762A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-06-10 | 翁建新 | Strong pressing type fungous material bidirectional cutting machine |
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