CN207869730U - A kind of multifunction straw cropper - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a multifunctional straw harvester, which comprises a frame, a cutting platform is installed at the front end of the frame, and a crushing and transporting integrated device is installed behind the cutting table. The moving blade, the bottom of the blower inlet is equipped with a fixed blade used in conjunction with the crushing moving blade, the bottom of the blower is installed with a detachable straw kneading device, the outlet of the blower is connected with a feeding channel, between the header and the crushing and transporting integrated device There is a feeding wheel, and a hopper is installed at the rear end of the frame. The utility model has the beneficial effects of simple structure, good reliability, wide application range, convenient production and use, and is very beneficial to popularization and application. Whether it is standing upright, leaning or lying down or scattered on the ground, it can be harvested. The cost of harvesting straw is low, the working time is long, and the quality of the harvested straw is good, which can meet various uses of straw resource utilization.

Description

A multifunctional straw harvester

(1) Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a multifunctional straw harvester.

(2) Background technology

With the continuous improvement of the comprehensive utilization technology of straw, the use of crop straw is becoming more and more extensive. In addition to being traditionally used as roughage, papermaking and fuel, straw ethanol, straw building materials, oligosaccharide phytoalexin, straw organic fertilizer, straw biological feed, etc. are all products of straw conversion, and some companies have even begun to try to use straw to produce expensive Graphene, the resource utilization around straw is expected to form a new type of sustainable agriculture. This prospect is very attractive. However, as the key link of straw collection and processing - the off-field collection of straw, due to the single function of the existing harvesting machinery, for example, the green forage harvester can only harvest green (yellow) storage straw, and the straw collection and baler can only collect dry straw of other varieties. etc., and there are generally disadvantages such as complex structure, high price, high failure rate, and low cleanliness of the collected straw, which limits the utilization of straw. In addition, the unit value of straw itself is low, which leads to the use of straw by the majority of straw collection and storage enterprises or individuals. The enthusiasm for mechanically collecting straw is not high, and a large amount of straw is left in the field or even burned, which brings great pollution to the environment and restricts the sustainable and healthy development of the emerging straw industry.

(3) Contents of the invention

In order to make up for the shortcomings of the existing straw harvester, such as single function, complex structure, high price, high failure rate and short operation time, the present invention provides a straw harvester with simple structure, convenient operation, low manufacturing cost, high harvesting efficiency and good harvested straw quality. , A multifunctional straw harvester with a wide range of applications. One is that it can be used as a green fodder harvester to harvest corn stalks and ears, corn stalk green (yellow) silage, wheat silage, and economic crops such as emperor bamboo grass and giant fungus grass. The silk mechanism kneads the harvested feed into silk, which improves the quality of the feed; the second is that it can be used to harvest the straw after fruit picking, such as cotton, corn, sorghum, sunflower, pepper, etc., and whether it is upright, lodging, scattered or crushed The straw can be harvested; the benefit of harvesting the straw is greatly increased, and it has a wide application prospect.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A multi-functional straw harvester, including a frame, the frame is installed on the front drive axle and the rear steering axle, and a driver's cab is installed on the upper part of the front side of the frame. There is a crushing and transporting integrated device installed behind the table. The crushing and transporting integrated device includes a blower. A crushing movable blade is installed on the blade of the blower. The detachable straw kneading device, the outlet of the blower is connected with the feeding channel, the feeding wheel is arranged between the header and the crushing and transporting integrated device, and the hopper is installed at the rear end of the frame.

The header includes a cutter roller or a spring tooth picker, a front reel roller and a rear reel roller are arranged behind the cutter roller, the front reel roller and the rear reel roller run in the same direction, and a gatherer is installed at the rear end of the header. The auger, gathering the auger is installed on the rocker arm of the auger.

The header is installed on the header frame, the header frame is hinged with the frame, and a lifting oil cylinder is connected between the header frame and the frame.

The two ends of one side of the hopper are respectively connected with the frame to be provided with an overturning oil cylinder, and a detachable baler and a baler oil cylinder are installed at the bottom of the hopper.

A diesel engine is installed in the middle of the frame, the diesel engine is connected with a first pulley and a third pulley, the third pulley is connected with the travel gearbox through the second pulley, and the first pulley is connected with the reversing gearbox through the fourth pulley , the first gear of the reversing gearbox is coaxially installed with the fourth pulley.

The first gear of the reversing gear box meshes with the second gear, and the second gear is coaxially connected with a fifth pulley.

The fifth pulley is connected with the sixth pulley of the blower, the sixth pulley is coaxially connected with the first sprocket, the first sprocket is connected with the sixth sprocket of the drive shaft, and the eighth sprocket on the blower shaft It is connected with the seventh sprocket of the feed wheel, and the feed wheel is installed on the movable rocker arms on both sides of the blower. A fixed bracket is connected between the two movable rocker arms, and the second sprocket is installed on the outer end of the drive shaft.

The second sprocket is connected with the combined toothed chain wheel of the intermediate transmission, and the combined toothed chain wheel of the intermediate transmission is connected with the third sprocket wheel of the gathering auger.

The combined gears of the transit tooth chain mesh with the third gear and the fourth gear respectively, the third gear is coaxially connected and installed with the front reeling roller, the fourth gear is coaxially connected and installed with the rear reeling roller, and the rear reeling roller is coaxially connected and installed. The shaft is connected with a fourth sprocket, and the fourth sprocket is connected with the fifth sprocket of the cutter roller.

The diesel engine is connected with a fuel tank, a water tank and a hydraulic pump, the hydraulic pump is connected with the hydraulic oil tank, and the hydraulic oil tank is connected with the steering oil cylinder, the lifting oil cylinder, the turning oil cylinder and the packing machine oil cylinder.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is simple in structure, good in reliability, wide in application range, convenient in production and use, and very beneficial to popularization and application. For cotton, corn, sorghum, sunflower, emperor bamboo grass, giant fungus grass and other straws, harvesting operations can be carried out no matter whether they are upright, inclined, fallen or scattered on the ground. The self-unloading hopper can be transported without landing, which improves the working efficiency and the cleanliness of the straw; because the direction-changing gear box is added between the diesel engine and the pulverizer, the pulverizing blade cuts the material vertically downward at a certain angle, so the pulverizer It is very labor-saving; the detachable baler and kneading device can be selected according to the different uses of the user's harvested straw, which can reduce the harvesting cost and improve the quality of the straw; all transmission power comes from its own diesel engine, which improves the use efficiency. Through the adjustment of the header oil cylinder, the header can be properly lifted from the ground to avoid or reduce the feeding of soil impurities, and the screening of the reel and feeding wheel can further remove the soil impurities, and the feeding channel is vertically set , During the blower blowing and feeding process, the denser soil is difficult to be sent into the hopper, which greatly improves the cleanliness of harvested straw. In a word, using the straw harvester manufactured by the present invention, the cost of harvesting straw is low, the operation time is long, the quality of the harvested straw is good, and it can meet the various purposes of straw resource utilization, which will definitely contribute to the healthy development of the straw industry and the prohibition of straw burning. Make a positive contribution to the protection of the environment.

(4) Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Accompanying drawing 1 is the main view structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the rear view structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the side view structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 4 is the top view structural representation of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 5 is the schematic diagram of the state of use of the crushing movable blade and fixed blade of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 6 is the schematic diagram of the front view of the installation of the spring tooth picker of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 7 is the top view structural schematic diagram that the elastic tooth picker of the present invention is installed;

Accompanying drawing 8 is the schematic diagram of installation of the straw rubbing device of the present invention;

In the figure, 1 frame, 2 front drive axle, 3 rear steering axle, 4 driver's cab, 5 header, 6 crushing and transporting integrated device, 7 blower, 8 crushing moving blade, 9 fixed blade, 10 feeding channel, 11 feeding Entering wheel, 12 Hopper, 13 Cutter roller, 14 Front reel roller, 15 Rear reel roller, 16 Gathering auger, 17 Cutting frame, 18 Lifting cylinder, 19 Overturning cylinder, 20 Diesel engine, 21 First pulley, 22 The third pulley, 23 the second pulley, 24 traveling gearbox, 25 the fourth pulley, 26 reversing gearbox, 27 the first gear, 28 the second gear, 29 the fifth pulley, 30 the sixth pulley, 31 the first sprocket , 32 transmission shaft, 33 second sprocket, 34 intermediate gear chain combination wheel, 35 third sprocket, 36 third gear, 37 fourth gear, 38 fourth sprocket, 39 fifth sprocket, 40 fuel tank, 41 water tank, 42 hydraulic pump, 43 hydraulic oil tank, 44 steering cylinder, 45 straw kneading device, 46 spring tooth picker, 47 detachable baler, 48 baler cylinder, 49 sixth sprocket, 50 eighth sprocket , 51 seventh sprockets, 52 movable rocker arms, 53 auger rocker arms, 54 fixed brackets.

(5) Specific implementation methods

Accompanying drawing is a kind of specific embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment comprises frame 1, and frame 1 is installed on front drive axle 2 and rear steering axle 3, and cab 4 is installed on frame 1 front side upper part, and frame 1 front end is equipped with header 5, and header 5 rear An integrated crushing and conveying device 6 is installed, and the integrated crushing and conveying device 6 includes a blower 7, a crushing movable blade 8 is installed on the blade of the blower 7, and a fixed blade used in conjunction with the crushing movable blade 8 is installed on the bottom of the feeding port of the blower 7 9. A detachable straw kneading device 45 is installed at the bottom of the blower 7. The outlet of the blower 7 is connected to a feeding channel 10. A feeding wheel 11 is provided between the header 5 and the integrated crushing and transporting device 6. The rear end of the frame 1 is installed There are 12 hoppers. Heading platform 5 comprises cutting knife roller 13 or elastic tooth pick-up device 46, and cutting knife roller 13 rear is provided with preceding grain reeling roller 14 and rear grain reeling roller 15, and preceding grain reeling roller 14 is identical with rear grain reeling roller 15 running directions, and cutting Gathering auger 16 is installed on stage 5 rear end, and gathering auger 16 is installed on the auger rocking arm 53. The header 5 is installed on the header frame 17, and the header frame 17 is hinged with the frame 1, and the lifting cylinder 18 is connected between the header frame 17 and the frame 1. Two ends on one side of the hopper 12 are respectively connected with the frame 1 to be provided with an overturning oil cylinder 19, and a detachable baler 47 and a baler oil cylinder 48 are installed at the bottom of the hopper 12 . A diesel engine 20 is installed in the middle part of the frame 1, and a first pulley 21 and a third pulley 22 are installed on the diesel engine 20. The third pulley 22 is connected with the travel gearbox 24 through the second pulley 23, and the first pulley 21 passes through the fourth pulley. 25 is connected with reversing gear case 26, and the first gear 27 of reversing gear case 26 is coaxially installed with the 4th pulley 25. The first gear 27 of the reversing gear box 26 meshes with the second gear 28 , and the second gear 28 is coaxially connected with a fifth pulley 29 . The fifth pulley 29 is connected with the sixth pulley 30 of the blower 7, the sixth pulley 30 is coaxially connected with the first sprocket 31, the first sprocket 31 is connected with the sixth sprocket 49 of the drive shaft 32, the blower 7 The eighth sprocket 50 on the shaft is connected with the seventh sprocket 51 of the feeding wheel 11, and the feeding wheel 11 is installed on the movable rocker arms 52 on both sides of the blower 7, and a fixed bracket is connected between the two movable rocker arms 52 54, the second sprocket 33 is installed on the outer end of the transmission shaft 32. The second sprocket wheel 33 is connected with the combined toothed chain wheel 34, and the combined toothed chain wheel 34 is connected with the third sprocket wheel 35 of the gathering auger 16. The intermediate gear chain combination wheel 34 meshes with the third gear 36 and the fourth gear 37 respectively, the third gear 36 is coaxially connected and installed with the front reeling roller 14, and the fourth gear 37 is coaxially connected and installed with the rear reeling roller 15. The rear reeling roller 15 is coaxially connected with a fourth sprocket 38, and the fourth sprocket 38 is connected with the fifth sprocket 39 of the cutter roller 13. Diesel engine 20 is connected with fuel tank 40, water tank 41 and hydraulic pump 42, and hydraulic pump 42 is connected with hydraulic oil tank 43, and hydraulic oil tank 43 is connected with steering oil cylinder 44, lifting oil cylinder 18, overturning oil cylinder 19 and baler oil cylinder 48.

Adopt a kind of multi-function straw harvester of the present invention, according to the needs of the terrain, the header 5 cuts the straw from a suitable height above the root through the cutter roller 13 and then sends it to the front reel roller 14 and the rear reel roller 15 in the back to avoid The cutter cuts into the field, thereby bringing in dust; the cutter roller 13 can be removed and the spring tooth picker 46 is installed, and the spring tooth picker 46 is specially used to pick up the broken straw on the ground; the two reeling rollers adopt the ratchet mode, In addition to increasing the friction to facilitate feeding, it can also filter out the dirt in the straw to keep the harvested straw clean. Then through the spiral of the gathering auger 16, the feed wheel 11 is installed below the feed wheel 11. The feed wheel 11 is installed between the left and right movable rocker arms 52, and the left and right movable rocker arms 52 are connected with the fixed bracket 54 to keep the left and right sides. The two movable rocker arms 52 rise and fall synchronously, and can float by themselves according to the feeding amount and the demand of different stalks. The stalks in the cutting width can be gathered directly to the blower 7 feed port for crushing and kneading and transporting. The gathering auger 16 can Floating up and down to adapt to different straw or different feeding amount of straw. The crushing and conveying integrated device 6 is composed of a blower 7, a crushing movable blade 8 and a fixed blade 9, the crushing movable blade 8 is fixed to the blade of the blower 7 with bolts, and the blade and the fixed blade of the crushing movable blade 8 are viewed from the direction of the front view. The sticking surface of straw 9 is cut vertically downward, which optimizes the force of the blade and saves effort; viewed from the right side, the sticking surface of the crushing movable blade 8 and fixed blade 9 has a certain bevel angle, which reduces the cutting angle of the blade. The impact force has reduced the vibration of the blower 7 and even the vibration of the whole fuselage; the high-speed rotating blower 7 crushes the straw and blows it into the hopper 12 above the rear of the frame 1 through the feeding channel 10 with strong wind. The front portion of the hopper 12 has a gap facing the feeding channel 10, so that the broken straw can be directly blown into the hopper 12. After the material in the hopper 12 is full, the hopper 12 can be poured into the transport vehicle or sent to the designated place for unloading by turning over the oil cylinder 19. This self-unloading method can greatly improve the harvesting efficiency, and can realize non-ground transfer, thereby reducing dust. Inclusion, improve the clean rate of straw. According to different field terrains, the height of the header frame 17 can be adjusted by the lifting oil cylinder 18 and then the height of the header 5 can be adjusted, which avoids inclusions caused by uneven land.

With the multifunctional straw harvester of the present invention, a straw kneading device 45 is added to the lower part of the crushing and transporting integrated device 6. When harvesting straw feed, the straw can be kneaded into filaments, which optimizes the quality of straw feed and is more conducive to the growth of livestock. Digestion and absorption. The cutting platform 5 is directly connected with the crushing and transporting integrated device 6, which reduces the transportation links of straw, enhances the reliability of the machine, and simplifies the structure of the machine. A detachable baler 47 can be arranged below the hopper 12, which can pack the stalks fed into the hopper 12 in time, greatly improving work efficiency and saving transportation costs.

Adopt a kind of multifunctional straw harvester of the present invention, the power output of diesel engine 20 has three parts: one part is output to the second belt pulley 23 of walking gearbox 24 clutch through the third belt pulley 22 of diesel engine 20, realizes the walking function of straw harvester; The two parts are output to the fourth pulley 25 of the reversing gearbox 26 by the first pulley 21 of the diesel engine 20, and the first gear 27 of the reversing gearbox 26 is coaxial with the fourth pulley 25, and then passes through the reversing gearbox 26. The fifth pulley 29 coaxial with the second gear 28 is passed to the sixth pulley 30 of the blower 7. After the blower 7 pulverizes the straw and blows it to the hopper 12 through the feeding channel 10, the first sprocket 31 of the blower 7 drives its transmission. The sixth sprocket wheel 49 of the shaft 32, the second sprocket wheel 33 of the power transmission shaft 32 will output the power to the transit tooth chain combination wheel 34, and the transit tooth chain combination wheel 34 has two sprockets, and the transit tooth chain combination wheel 34 obtains Part of the power is transmitted to the third sprocket 35 of the gathering auger 16 to realize the functions of spiral gathering and feeding, and the other part is transmitted to the third gear 36 of the front reel 14 and the rear reel respectively through the transfer tooth chain combination wheel 34 The fourth gear 37 of 15 realizes feeding function. The rear reeling roller 15 drives the fifth sprocket 39 of the cutter roller 13 by the fourth sprocket 38 on the other side to cut or pick up straw. The third part power of the diesel engine 20 is to drive the hydraulic pump 42 to provide hydraulic power to the steering cylinder 44 of the rear steering axle 3, the turning cylinder 19 of the hopper 12, the lifting cylinder 18 of the header 5 and the baler cylinder 48. All power is provided by the diesel engine 20, maximizing efficiency.

Claims (10)

1. A multifunctional straw harvester, including a frame (1), the frame (1) is installed on the front drive axle (2) and the rear steering axle (3), and the upper part of the front side of the frame (1) is equipped with a driver The chamber (4) is characterized in that: the front end of the frame (1) is equipped with a header (5), and the rear of the header (5) is equipped with a crushing and transporting integrated device (6), and the crushing and transporting integrated device (6) Including the blower (7), the blade of the blower (7) is equipped with a crushing movable blade (8), the bottom of the feeding port of the blower (7) is equipped with a fixed blade (9) used in conjunction with the crushing movable blade (8), the blower (7) A detachable straw kneading device (45) is installed at the bottom, a feeding channel (10) is connected to the outlet of the blower (7), and a feeding channel (10) is provided between the header (5) and the crushing and transporting integrated device (6). Wheel (11), the frame (1) rear end is equipped with hopper (12). 2. The multi-functional straw harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the header (5) includes a cutter roller (13) or a spring-tooth picker (46), and the rear of the cutter roller (13) is There are front reel rollers (14) and rear reel rollers (15), the front reel rollers (14) and the rear reel rollers (15) run in the same direction, and the rear end of the header (5) is equipped with a gathering auger (16 ), gathering the auger (16) is installed on the auger rocking arm (53). 3. The multifunctional straw harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the header (5) is installed on the header frame (17), and the header frame (17) is hinged to the frame (1) , a lifting oil cylinder (18) is connected between the header frame (17) and the frame (1). 4. The multi-functional straw harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two ends of one side of the hopper (12) are respectively connected to the frame (1) with a turning oil cylinder (19), and the hopper (12 ) at the bottom to install a detachable baler (47) and a baler oil cylinder (48). 5. The multifunctional straw harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: a diesel engine (20) is installed in the middle of the frame (1), and a first pulley (21) and a second belt pulley (21) are connected and installed on the diesel engine (20). Three pulleys (22), the third pulley (22) is connected with the travel gearbox (24) through the second pulley (23), the first pulley (21) is connected with the reversing gearbox (26) through the fourth pulley (25) Connected, the first gear (27) of the reversing gear box (26) is coaxially installed with the fourth pulley (25). 6. The multifunctional straw harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: the first gear (27) of the reversing gear box (26) meshes with the second gear (28), and the second gear (28) ) coaxial connection is equipped with a fifth pulley (29). 7. The multifunctional straw harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: the fifth pulley (29) is connected to the sixth pulley (30) of the blower (7), and the sixth pulley (30) is coaxial The first sprocket (31) is connected and installed, and the first sprocket (31) is connected with the sixth sprocket (49) of the drive shaft (32), and the eighth sprocket (50) on the blower (7) shaft is connected with the The seventh sprocket (51) of the feed wheel (11) is connected, and the feed wheel (11) is installed on the movable rocker arms (52) on both sides of the blower (7), and the two movable rocker arms (52) are connected Fixed support (54) is arranged, and the second sprocket wheel (33) is installed on the transmission shaft (32) outer end. 8. The multi-functional straw harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: the second sprocket (33) is connected with the transfer toothed chain combination wheel (34), and the transfer tooth chain combination wheel (34) is connected with the gathering The third sprocket wheel (35) of auger (16) is connected. 9. The multi-functional straw harvester according to claim 8, characterized in that: said transit toothed chain combination wheel (34) meshes with the third gear (36) and the fourth gear (37) respectively, and the third gear (36) is coaxially connected and installed with the front reel roller (14), the fourth gear (37) is coaxially connected and installed with the rear reel roller (15), and the rear reel roller (15) is coaxially connected and installed with a fourth chain Wheel (38), the fourth sprocket (38) is connected with the fifth sprocket (39) of cutter roller (13). 10. The multifunctional straw harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: the diesel engine (20) is connected with a fuel tank (40), a water tank (41) and a hydraulic pump (42), and the hydraulic pump (42) is connected to The hydraulic oil tank (43) is connected, and the hydraulic oil tank (43) is connected with the steering oil cylinder (44), the lifting oil cylinder (18), the turning oil cylinder (19) and the baler oil cylinder (48).