CN209251128U - A kind of self-propelled type straw steam explosion extruding cracking direct returning to farmland machine - Google Patents

A kind of self-propelled type straw steam explosion extruding cracking direct returning to farmland machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN209251128U
CN209251128U CN201822139326.9U CN201822139326U CN209251128U CN 209251128 U CN209251128 U CN 209251128U CN 201822139326 U CN201822139326 U CN 201822139326U CN 209251128 U CN209251128 U CN 209251128U
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China
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steam explosion
extruding
self
explosion extruding
cracks
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CN201822139326.9U
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Inventor
郑桂萍
李红宇
宋江
汪秀志
钱永德
吕艳东
万思宇
殷大伟
刘丽华
郭晓红
王海泽
范名宇
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Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University
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Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of self-propelled type straw steam explosion extrudings to crack direct returning to farmland machine, including running gear and power device, power device is on running gear, it further include picking up feeding unit, extruding apparatus before standing grain device, transmission device, grinding device, steam explosion extruding, standing grain device is picked up to be located in front of running gear, it picks up standing grain device and grinding device is connected by transmission device, feeding unit connects extruding apparatus before grinding device passes through steam explosion extruding.The utility model passes through unique design, effectively the stalk that steam explosion extruding apparatus is applied to field is handled, steam explosion extruding apparatus is further improved simultaneously, not only straw bulking is cracked, be conducive to straw directly returning to field, while treating capacity is big, be continuously fed into the problem of being not in accumulated plugging, field walking can be got caught up in by shedding speed also, convenient for being widely applied.

Description

A kind of self-propelled type straw steam explosion extruding cracking direct returning to farmland machine
Technical field
The utility model belongs to field of agricultural machinery, is related to a kind of self-propelled type straw steam explosion extruding cracking direct returning to farmland machine.
Background technique
The big report in the 19 of party proposes, accelerates to promote agriculture Rural Modernization.Comrade Xi Jinping pays much attention to always agricultural Modernization, it is indicated that " unswervingly to accelerate to change agricultural development mode, go to quantity-quality benefit as early as possible and lay equal stress on, focus on improving Competitiveness focuses on Agricultural Technological Innovation, focuses on coming on sustainable Compact development, walk output efficiently, product safety, resource section About, environmental-friendly modern agricultural development road.Early in nineteen fifty-nine, Chairman Mao Zedong just proposes that " agriculture fundamental solution is Mechanization ".It may be said that modern agriculture is the agricultural for turning to material technological foundation with mechanization of agriculture, intelligence, agricultural machinery is promoted Change, intelligence are the only ways of modernization construction.
China is large agricultural country, and crop material amount is huge, and production stalk has 900,000,000 tons every year according to statistics.In recent years, China's agriculture Carry out straw-returning technology energetically throughout the country for the significantly more efficient stalk using crops in industry portion.Therefore, no matter from Environmental protection or the requirement of Sustainable Development of Modern Agriculture, Returning Application of Crop Straw is imperative, one is stalk in order to prevent It burns and protects environment, the second is straw-returning fertilizing soil, the third is being to reduce the wasting of resources, more importantly crop straw Stalk returning to the field is the only way of agricultural sustainable development.About the mode of straw-returning, first is that after stalk is removed field fermentation Returning to the field again, second is that straw directly returning to field when harvest.It is good that field effect is returned after practice at home and abroad proof stalk removal field fermentation, mainly It is that returning to the field does not influence this season plant growth, the bacterium source that can be reduced Pest organism and grass-seed after straw decomposition, but labo r usage is big, cost It is excessively high, it can not be widely applied in China.And there is straw directly returning to field bring main problem when harvesting: 1. influences are whole Ground emergence quality, since stalk mixing influences site preparation quality, insemination and emergence quality and the paddy field rice transplanting of dry crop in the soil Quality;2. succession crop growth is influenced, since the toxic and harmful gas generated in stalk putrefaction process is more, reducing substances are more, Influence root system absorption and plant growth;3. disease pest and weed increasingly aggravates, in Heilongjiang Province, only rice sheath blight disease, corn are big in recent years Pinta is just in the trend aggravated year by year, this is closely related with straw directly returning to field;4. rice stubble heavy workload is fished out in paddy field, because of stalk Many stalk sections float on the water surface after crushing direct returning to farmland water site preparation, influence subsequent rice transplanting operation and seedling growth, therefore peasant household wants It takes out and largely manually removes fishing rice stubble, fish out root stubble not only time-consuming increase cost, be also unfavorable for fertilizing soil.Stalk is through steam explosion Expanding treatment has by the function of stalk shearing, rubbing, extruding and cracking, however, stalk extruding machine used at present is benefit The expanded pellet diet that animal is manufactured with stalk, have the shortcomings that following and deficiency: 1. are fixed position work indoors, can not be solved Certainly the field straw direct returning to farmland the problem of;2. straw bulking feed only has minute quantity demand, a large amount of straw directly returning to field band Above-mentioned a series of problems is carried out;3. without self-propelled type straw steam explosion Puffing machine, can not solve the direct puffing straw in field also The problem of field;4. the low problem of the direct extruding cleavage rate of stalk.
Currently, steam explosion expanding processing equipment is mostly intermittent, and intermittent time 2-7s, place capacity is small, productivity is low, energy Consumption is big, is suitable for being interrupted feeding (being all in stalk papermaking, production field of fodder application).Existing steam explosion bulking equipment, which there is no, moves to field Between be directly used in the report of straw-returning, if directly using to be then continuously fed into easily occurring the blocking of feeding material in this way, accumulating Technical problem.
Therefore, how steam explosion expanding processing equipment is directly applied to field is that we will solve the problems, such as.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of self-propelled type straw steam explosion extrudings to crack direct returning to farmland machine, overcomes current vapour Quick-fried expanding processing equipment can only use indoors, and treating capacity is small, is continuously fed into, and easily occur the blocking of feeding material, accumulation in this way, no The problem of field processing stalk can be directly applied to.
The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of self-propelled type straw steam explosion extruding cracking direct returning to farmland Machine, including running gear and power device, power device further include picking up standing grain device, transmission device, crushing on running gear Feeding unit, extruding apparatus before device, steam explosion extruding pick up standing grain device and are located in front of running gear, pick up standing grain device and pass through transmission dress Connection grinding device is set, feeding unit connects extruding apparatus before grinding device passes through steam explosion extruding.
Further, feeding unit includes stirring hydraulic motor, stirring hammer, agitating shaft, feeding before the steam explosion extruding Hydraulic motor, feeding screw, feeding screw axis, feeding screw installation bearing block, water tank and cistern tube, stir and fill on hydraulic motor There is solenoid directional control valve, stirring hammer is welded on agitating shaft, stirring hydraulic motor and stirring axis connection, agitating shaft and cistern tube phase Even, be provided with water outlet in agitating shaft, cistern tube is connect with water tank, and feeding screw is welded on feeding screw axis, feeding screw and Feeding hydraulic motor is connected, and is fixed on feeding screw installation bearing block.
Specifically, before the steam explosion extruding feeding unit be three, and before three steam explosion extrudings in feeding unit three The opening sequence of a solenoid directional control valve is 1-2-3-1-2-3.
Further, the extruding apparatus includes steam explosion extruding extruding screw axis, steam explosion extruding cracking chamber, steam explosion extruding Extrusion spiral drive motor, discharge valve, the cracking of steam explosion extruding is intracavitary to be equipped with steam explosion extruding extruding screw axis, and steam explosion extruding squeezes Helical axis is connect with steam explosion extruding extrusion spiral drive motor, and steam explosion extruding feeds dress before cracking chamber side wall connection steam explosion extruding It sets, steam explosion extruding cracks chamber end and discharge valve is housed.
Specifically, the extruding apparatus is three, and the opening time interval of the discharge valve in three extruding apparatuss For 1-2s.
Further, the standing grain device that picks up is seedling planter, and seedling planter is installed on a mounting board.
Further, the transmission device includes driven sprocket, driven shaft, mounting plate, conveyor chain, transmission net, master Movable sprocket, driving shaft, driven sprocket are mounted on driven shaft, and drive sprocket is mounted on driving shaft, conveyor chain, conveying Netcom Cross driven sprocket, drive sprocket is mounted on driven shaft, on driving shaft.
Further, the grinding device include conveyer belt, clamping drive roll one and clamping drive roll two, belt pulley, Belt, grinder, fan passage, blower and fan belt, conveyer belt are mounted on clamping drive roll one and clamping drive roll two Front end, in grinder rear end, blower is driven by fan belt for fan passage, assembling, fan passage one end connect powder Millstone, the other end connect feeding unit before steam explosion extruding, conveyer belt, clamping drive roll one and clamping drive roll two, belt pulley, skin Band is mounted on grinder;Grinder is made of ledger-plate group, cutting blade group and axis, and cutting blade group is mounted on an axle, ledger-plate The two sides of cutting blade group are arranged in group.
Good effect by adopting the above technical scheme:
(1) stalk harmless treatment has been subjected to directly in field, which is continuously finished stalk when field is in walking Pickup, elevator, crushing, conveying humidification, squeeze heating, the operations such as are shed in the cracking of steam explosion extruding, field, time saving and energy saving, economical suitable With, can crop harvest after stalk obtain harmless treatment direct returning to farmland, eliminated stalk carrying spreading venereal diseases opportunistic pathogen, disease Poison and parasitic ovum, solve current stalk and directly shed the significant problem that returning to the field bring pest and disease damage increasingly aggravates;
(2) improve the physicochemical character and nutritional ingredient of stalk, after the cracking of steam explosion extruding stalk in fluffy, soft cotton-shaped, It is more conducive to be decomposed by the microorganisms, to improve the utilization rate of stalk and decomposition of the stalk in field being accelerated to create condition;
(3) stalk steam explosion extruding cracking process generates some gases and liquid substance, and it is toxic to reduce field fermentation generation Influence of the harmful substance to root growth;
(4) it after stalk steam explosion extruding in fluffy, soft cotton-shaped, be easily mixed into very much soil and be integrally formed, do not influence site preparation, broadcast Kind and emergence quality;
(5) controllable using the self-propelled type straw steam explosion extruding cracking direct returning to farmland machine speed of travel, turning radius is small and flexible, It is suitable for pickup, crushing and extruding the cracking direct returning to farmland in Plain and Hills crop;
(6) the utility model is effectively handled the stalk that steam explosion extruding apparatus is applied to field by unique design, Steam explosion extruding apparatus is further improved simultaneously, not only straw bulking is cracked, is conducive to straw directly returning to field, together When treating capacity it is big, be continuously fed into the problem of being not in accumulated plugging, field walking can be got caught up in by shedding speed also, be convenient for big face Product promotes and applies.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution of the utility model is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing, but should not be construed as practical to this Novel limitation:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model, and Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1, as shown, a kind of self-propelled type straw Steam explosion extruding cracks direct returning to farmland machine, including running gear and power device, and power device further includes picking up on running gear Feeding unit, extruding apparatus before standing grain device, transmission device, grinding device, steam explosion extruding pick up before standing grain device is located at running gear Side picks up standing grain device by transmission device and connects grinding device, and feeding unit connects extruding dress before grinding device passes through steam explosion extruding It sets.
Power device includes driver's cabin 10, hydraulic pump 11, diesel engine 12, and hydraulic pump 11 is connect with diesel engine 12, and fixed Below driver's cabin 10.Whole device is by hydraulic pump and diesel engine powers.
Running gear is crawler body, and drive motor differential mechanism 31, chassis overhang 30, Athey wheel are equipped in crawler body 32 and crawler belt 45, Athey wheel 32 connect with chassis overhang 30, Athey wheel 32 is mounted in crawler belt 45, drive motor differential mechanism 31 with Chassis overhang 30 connects, and realizes walking and turning.
Feeding unit includes stirring hydraulic motor 19, stirring hammer 22, agitating shaft 23, feeding hydraulic motor before steam explosion extruding 20, feeding screw 24, feeding screw axis 40, feeding screw installation bearing block 41, water tank 26 and cistern tube 43, stir hydraulic motor Solenoid directional control valve is housed, stirring hammer 22 is welded on agitating shaft 23, and stirring hydraulic motor 19 is connect with agitating shaft 23, is stirred on 19 Axis 23 is connected with cistern tube 43, and water outlet is provided in agitating shaft 23, and cistern tube 43 is connect with water tank 26, and feeding screw 24 is welded on On feeding screw axis 40, feeding screw 24 is connected with feeding hydraulic motor 20, and is fixed on feeding screw installation bearing block 41. Smashed stalk realizes stirring and water mixing before steam explosion extruding in feeding unit.
Feeding unit is three before the steam explosion extruding, and three electromagnetism before three steam explosion extrudings in feeding unit change It is 1-2-3-1-2-3 to the opening sequence of valve, guarantees that blocking, accumulation does not occur in feeding material.
Extruding apparatus includes steam explosion extruding extruding screw axis 25, steam explosion extruding cracking chamber 27, the drive of steam explosion extruding extrusion spiral Dynamic motor 39, discharge valve 44, steam explosion extruding crack and are equipped with steam explosion extruding extruding screw axis 25 in chamber 27, and steam explosion extruding squeezes spiral shell Spin axis 25 is connect with steam explosion extruding extrusion spiral drive motor 39, is fed before steam explosion extruding cracking 27 side wall of chamber connection steam explosion extruding Device, steam explosion extruding crack 27 end of chamber and discharge valve 44 are housed.Stalk after water mixing realizes pressurization heating in extruding apparatus, When pressure reaches automatic instantaneous open discharge valve, crushing straw occur steam explosion extruding cracking, spray under pressure to Field.
The extruding apparatus is three, and is divided into 1- between the opening time of the discharge valve 44 in three extruding apparatuss 2s.Solve the problems, such as that 3 steam explosion expanding processing equipment work at the same time bring impact force and influence straw field pickup operation in this way.
Picking up standing grain device is seedling planter 1, and seedling planter 1 is mounted on mounting plate 3.Transmission device includes driven sprocket 2, driven shaft 33, mounting plate 3, conveyor chain 4, transmission net 34, drive sprocket 7, driving shaft 35, driven sprocket 2 are mounted on driven shaft 33, main Movable sprocket 7 is mounted on driving shaft 35, and conveyor chain 4, transmission net 34 are mounted on driven shaft by driven sprocket 2, drive sprocket 7 33, on driving shaft 35.
Grinding device includes conveyer belt 6, clamping drive roll 1 and clamping drive roll 29, belt pulley 13, belt 14, crushes Device 15, fan passage 18, blower 21 and fan belt 17, conveyer belt 6 are mounted on clamping drive roll 1 and clamping drive roll two 9 front end, fan passage 18, blower 21 are mounted on 15 rear end of grinder, and blower 21 is driven by fan belt 17, fan passage 18 one end connect grinder 15, and the other end connects feeding unit before steam explosion extruding, conveyer belt 6, clamping drive roll 1 and clamping master Dynamic roller 29, belt pulley 13, belt 14 are mounted on grinder 15;Grinder 15 is by ledger-plate group 36, cutting blade group 37 and axis 38 Composition, cutting blade group 37 are mounted on axis 38, and the two sides of cutting blade group 37 are arranged in ledger-plate group 36.
The action principle of the utility model are as follows: 1. realizations pick up field crops stalk in walking;2. crushing the straw picked up Stalk, and before crushing straw is fed to steam explosion extruding in feeding unit;3. be stirred in inlet, while stirring plus water, make Stalk water content reaches 30-40%, and promotes the cracking of steam explosion extruding intracavitary crushing straw with feeding screw, cracks in steam explosion extruding Under the promotion of intracavitary helical axis, helical axis and stalk, stalk and stalk, stalk and puffing apparatus cylinder inner wall is made to form friction and squeeze Thermal energy is generated, cavity temperature is up to 140-160 DEG C or so, pressure in 1.0mpa or so, and automatic instantaneous is opened when pressure reaches Discharge valve, crushing straw occur the cracking of steam explosion extruding, are sprayed under pressure to field.
The utility model solves current straw directly returning to field bring a series of problems: one, directly having eliminated stalk band All pathogens, virus and the parasitic ovum come solves current stalk and directly sheds returning to the field bring pest and disease damage and increasingly aggravate Significant problem;Two, mechanical to have the function of stalk shearing, rubbing, extruding and cracking, such stalk is easier to by micro- life Object decomposes, and accelerates fertilizing soil;Three, extruding cracking after stalk it is fine crushing, eliminate current stalk directly shed returning to the field influence it is whole Geological measuring influences the problems such as insemination and emergence, rice transplanting quality.
The utility model is effectively handled the stalk that steam explosion extruding apparatus is applied to field, together by unique design When steam explosion extruding apparatus is further improved, not only straw bulking is cracked, is conducive to straw directly returning to field, simultaneously Treating capacity is big, is continuously fed into the problem of being not in accumulated plugging, and field walking can be got caught up in by shedding speed also, is convenient for large area It promotes and applies.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of self-propelled type straw steam explosion extruding cracks direct returning to farmland machine, including running gear and power device, power device dress On running gear, it is characterised in that: further include feeding unit before picking up standing grain device, transmission device, grinding device, steam explosion extruding, Extruding apparatus is picked up standing grain device and is located in front of running gear, picks up standing grain device by transmission device and connects grinding device, grinding device is logical Feeding unit connects extruding apparatus before crossing steam explosion extruding.
2. self-propelled type straw steam explosion extruding according to claim 1 cracks direct returning to farmland machine, it is characterised in that: the vapour Before quick-fried extruding feeding unit include stirring hydraulic motor (19), stirring hammer (22), agitating shaft (23), feeding hydraulic motor (20), Feeding screw (24), feeding screw axis (40), feeding screw installation bearing block (41), water tank (26) and cistern tube (43), stirring On hydraulic motor (19) be equipped with solenoid directional control valve, stirring hammer (22) be welded on agitating shaft (23), stirring hydraulic motor (19) with Agitating shaft (23) connection, agitating shaft (23) is connected with cistern tube (43), and agitating shaft (23) is interior to be provided with water outlet, cistern tube (43) and Water tank (26) connection, feeding screw (24) are welded on feeding screw axis (40), feeding screw (24) and feeding hydraulic motor (20) it is connected, and is fixed in feeding screw installation bearing block (41).
3. self-propelled type straw steam explosion extruding according to claim 2 cracks direct returning to farmland machine, it is characterised in that: the vapour Feeding unit is three before quick-fried extruding, and the opening sequence of three solenoid directional control valves before three steam explosion extrudings in feeding unit is 1-2-3-1-2-3。
4. self-propelled type straw steam explosion extruding according to claim 1 cracks direct returning to farmland machine, it is characterised in that: described is swollen Makeup is set including steam explosion extruding extruding screw axis (25), the cracking of steam explosion extruding chamber (27), steam explosion extruding extrusion spiral drive motor (39), discharge valve (44), steam explosion extruding crack and are equipped with steam explosion extruding extruding screw axis (25) in chamber (27), and steam explosion extruding squeezes Helical axis (25) is connect with steam explosion extruding extrusion spiral drive motor (39), and it is swollen that steam explosion extruding cracks the connection steam explosion of chamber (27) side wall Feeding unit before changing, steam explosion extruding crack chamber (27) end and discharge valve (44) are housed.
5. self-propelled type straw steam explosion extruding according to claim 4 cracks direct returning to farmland machine, it is characterised in that: described is swollen Makeup is set to three, and is divided into 1-2s between the opening time of the discharge valve (44) in three extruding apparatuss.
6. self-propelled type straw steam explosion extruding according to claim 1 cracks direct returning to farmland machine, it is characterised in that: described picks up Standing grain device is seedling planter (1), and seedling planter (1) is mounted on mounting plate (3).
7. self-propelled type straw steam explosion extruding according to claim 1 cracks direct returning to farmland machine, it is characterised in that: the biography Sending device includes driven sprocket (2), driven shaft (33), mounting plate (3), conveyor chain (4), transmission net (34), drive sprocket (7), driving shaft (35), driven sprocket (2) are mounted on driven shaft (33), and drive sprocket (7) is mounted on driving shaft (35), defeated Chain (4), transmission net (34) is sent to be mounted on driven shaft (33), on driving shaft (35) by driven sprocket (2), drive sprocket (7).
8. self-propelled type straw steam explosion extruding according to claim 1 cracks direct returning to farmland machine, it is characterised in that: the powder Crushing device includes conveyer belt (6), clamping drive roll one (8) and clamping drive roll two (9), belt pulley (13), belt (14), crushes Device (15), fan passage (18), blower (21) and fan belt (17), conveyer belt (6) be mounted on clamping drive roll one (8) and The front end of drive roll two (9) is clamped, fan passage (18), blower (21) are mounted on grinder (15) rear end, and blower (21) is by wind Machine transmission belt (17) drives, and fan passage (18) one end connects grinder (15), and the other end connects feeding unit before steam explosion extruding, Conveyer belt (6), clamping drive roll one (8) and clamping drive roll two (9), belt pulley (13), belt (14) are mounted on grinder (15) on;Grinder (15) is made of ledger-plate group (36), cutting blade group (37) and axis (38), and cutting blade group (37) is mounted on axis (38) on, ledger-plate group (36) is arranged in the two sides of cutting blade group (37).
CN201822139326.9U 2018-12-20 2018-12-20 A kind of self-propelled type straw steam explosion extruding cracking direct returning to farmland machine Active CN209251128U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109392472A (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-03-01 黑龙江八农垦大学 A kind of self-propelled type straw steam explosion extruding cracking direct returning to farmland machine and returning to the field method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109392472A (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-03-01 黑龙江八农垦大学 A kind of self-propelled type straw steam explosion extruding cracking direct returning to farmland machine and returning to the field method

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