CN107142557B - 一种利用静电纺丝法制备沸石-碳复合纤维吸音材料的方法 - Google Patents

一种利用静电纺丝法制备沸石-碳复合纤维吸音材料的方法 Download PDF

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CN107142557B
CN107142557B CN201710517439.5A CN201710517439A CN107142557B CN 107142557 B CN107142557 B CN 107142557B CN 201710517439 A CN201710517439 A CN 201710517439A CN 107142557 B CN107142557 B CN 107142557B
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鄢琳琳
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种利用静电纺丝法制备沸石‑碳复合纤维吸音材料的方法,将聚丙烯腈和聚丙烯酸酯加入N,N‑二甲基甲酰胺中,搅拌得到溶液;将沸石原粉分散于无水乙醇中,得到沸石悬浮液;将溶液与沸石悬浮液按比例混合,得到混合液;将混合液转移至注射器中,以恒定的推进速度注射至接收槽中,在注射器与接收槽之间施加10‑20kv的高压静电场,得到电纺丝薄膜材料;将电纺丝薄膜在氮气气氛下煅烧,从而得到沸石‑碳复合纤维吸音材料。本发明制备工艺流程简单、反应条件易控制,其中沸石颗粒均匀镶嵌在多孔的碳纤维中,该复合材料为纤维交织的三维网状结构,无需粘结剂便可以作为吸音材料用于扬声器中,具有较好的吸音效果和稳定性。

Description

一种利用静电纺丝法制备沸石-碳复合纤维吸音材料的方法
技术领域:
本发明涉及扬声器吸音材料的制备领域,特别是涉及一种利用静电纺丝法制备沸石-碳复合纤维吸音材料的方法。
背景技术:
随着可穿戴电子产品的趋于轻薄化的发展,传统的扬声器吸音材料不足以满足轻薄化的微型扬声器的需求,迫切需要寻找更加优异的吸音材料来提升微型扬声器的音质。其中沸石材料就是近几年被人们认为是最有前途的扬声器吸音材料之一,但人造沸石通常为粉末状,不能直接用于扬声器中,需要通过一定的工艺制成稳定的大小和形状,填充于扬声器模组中,目前传统的沸石成型工艺都存在因添加辅料和助剂导致沸石表面堵孔而吸音效果不佳的问题。因此,有必要改进现有的沸石成型工艺,以提高沸石吸音材料的吸音效果。
发明内容:
本发明是针对现有技术的不足之处,提供一种利用静电纺丝法制备沸石-碳复合纤维吸音材料的方法,能够将沸石颗粒均匀镶嵌在多孔的碳纤维中,该复合材料为纤维交织的三维网状结构,具有较好的吸音效果。
本发明的技术解决措施如下:
一种利用静电纺丝法制备沸石-碳复合纤维吸音材料的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将聚丙烯腈和聚丙烯酸酯加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,搅拌得到溶液;
(2)将沸石原粉分散于有机溶剂中,得到沸石悬浮液;
(3)将溶液与沸石悬浮液按比例混合,得到混合液;
(4)将上述混合液转移至注射器中,以恒定的推进速度0.1mm/s注射至接收槽中,在注射器与接收槽之间施加10-20kv的高压静电场,得到电纺丝薄膜材料;
(5)将上述电纺丝薄膜在氮气气氛下,先在250℃下煅烧5h然后升温至700℃继续煅烧1h,该过程中聚丙烯腈碳化,聚丙烯酸酯热解形成多孔结构,从而得到沸石-碳复合纤维吸音材料。
作为优选,所述步骤(1)的溶液中聚丙烯腈在溶液中的质量百分比为5%-10%,聚丙烯酸酯在溶液中的质量百分比为4%-8%。
作为优选,所述步骤(2)中,有机溶剂为无水乙醇,沸石原粉占沸石悬浮液的质量百分比为50%。
作为优选,所述步骤(3)中,沸石悬浮液占混合液总质量的比例为20%-50%。
本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明制备方法工艺简单,反应条件易控制,能够将沸石颗粒均匀镶嵌在多孔的碳纤维中,该复合材料为纤维交织的三维网状结构,无需粘结剂便可以作为吸音材料用于扬声器中,具有较好的吸音效果和稳定性,应用前景十分光明。
具体实施方式:
实施例1,一种利用静电纺丝法制备沸石-碳复合纤维吸音材料的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将聚丙烯腈和聚丙烯酸酯加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,搅拌得到溶液,聚丙烯腈在溶液中的质量百分比为5%,聚丙烯酸酯在溶液中的质量百分比为4%;
(2)将沸石原粉分散于无水乙醇中,得到沸石悬浮液,沸石原粉占沸石悬浮液的质量百分比为50%;
(3)将溶液与沸石悬浮液按比例混合,得到混合液,沸石悬浮液占混合液总质量的比例为20%;
(4)将上述混合液转移至注射器中,以恒定的推进速度0.1mm/s注射至接收槽中,在注射器与接收槽之间施加10kv的高压静电场,得到电纺丝薄膜材料;
(5)将上述电纺丝薄膜在氮气气氛下,先在250℃下煅烧5h然后升温至700℃继续煅烧1h,该过程中聚丙烯腈碳化,聚丙烯酸酯热解形成多孔结构,从而得到沸石-碳复合纤维吸音材料。
实施例1制得的沸石-碳复合纤维吸音材料的比表面积为550m2/g,孔隙率为58%。
实施例2,一种利用静电纺丝法制备沸石-碳复合纤维吸音材料的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将聚丙烯腈和聚丙烯酸酯加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,搅拌得到溶液,聚丙烯腈在溶液中的质量百分比为10%,聚丙烯酸酯在溶液中的质量百分比为8%;
(2)将沸石原粉分散于无水乙醇中,得到沸石悬浮液,沸石原粉占沸石悬浮液的质量百分比为50%;
(3)将溶液与沸石悬浮液按比例混合,得到混合液,沸石悬浮液占混合液总质量的比例为50%;
(4)将上述混合液转移至注射器中,以恒定的推进速度0.1mm/s注射至接收槽中,在注射器与接收槽之间施加20kv的高压静电场,得到电纺丝薄膜材料;
(5)将上述电纺丝薄膜在氮气气氛下,先在250℃下煅烧5h然后升温至700℃继续煅烧1h,该过程中聚丙烯腈碳化,聚丙烯酸酯热解形成多孔结构,从而得到沸石-碳复合纤维吸音材料。
实施例2制得的沸石-碳复合纤维吸音材料的比表面积为620m2/g,孔隙率为62%。
上述实施例是对本发明进行的具体描述,只是对本发明进行进一步说明,不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限定,本领域的技术人员根据上述发明的内容作出一些非本质的改进和调整均落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (1)

1.一种利用静电纺丝法制备沸石-碳复合纤维吸音材料的方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤,
(1)将聚丙烯腈和聚丙烯酸酯加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,搅拌得到溶液;溶液中聚丙烯腈在溶液中的质量百分比为5%-10%,聚丙烯酸酯在溶液中的质量百分比为4%-8%;
(2)将沸石原粉分散于有机溶剂中,得到沸石悬浮液;有机溶剂为无水乙醇,沸石原粉占沸石悬浮液的质量百分比为50%;
(3)将溶液与沸石悬浮液按比例混合,得到混合液;沸石悬浮液占混合液总质量的比例为20%-50%;
(4)将上述混合液转移至注射器中,以恒定的推进速度0.1mm/s注射至接收槽中,在注射器与接收槽之间施加10-20kV的高压静电场,得到电纺丝薄膜材料;
(5)将上述电纺丝薄膜在氮气气氛下,先在250℃下煅烧5h然后升温至700℃继续煅烧1h,该过程中聚丙烯腈碳化,聚丙烯酸酯热解形成多孔结构,沸石颗粒均匀镶嵌在多孔的碳纤维中形成三维网状结构,从而得到沸石-碳复合纤维吸音材料。
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