CN107142353A - A kind of preparation method of austenite bainite ductile iron abrading-ball - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of austenite bainite ductile iron abrading-ball Download PDFInfo
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- CN107142353A CN107142353A CN201710206653.9A CN201710206653A CN107142353A CN 107142353 A CN107142353 A CN 107142353A CN 201710206653 A CN201710206653 A CN 201710206653A CN 107142353 A CN107142353 A CN 107142353A
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- abrading
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- spun yarn
- iron
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- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 194
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005279 austempering Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001047 Hard ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous oxide Inorganic materials [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 19
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 241001388119 Anisotremus surinamensis Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012809 post-inoculation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001037 White iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009837 dry grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013500 performance material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
- C21C1/105—Nodularising additive agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of preparation method of austenite bainite ductile iron abrading-ball, according to weight ratio of constituents：C:3.5~3.8%；Si:2.0~2.5%；Mn:2.0~2.5%；Mg:0.04~0.06%；Cr:0.5~0.8%；Mo:0.15~0.3%；Re:0.02~0.03%；P≤0.03%；S≤0.03%, Fe and inevitable impurity dispensing and melting, spheroidization and inoculation processing is carried out by feeding pompon method, pour and cast out ductile iron abrading-ball, then it is heat-treated using isothermal salt bath quenching, is finally cleaned and lonneal, obtain austenite bainite ductile iron abrading-ball；Abrading-ball microscopic structure prepared by this method is mainly graphite, retained austenite, carbide, acicular bainite and a small amount of martensite, and the abrading-ball hardness for producing different-diameter is HRC55 62, and inside and outside hardness difference is less than 5, and impact flexibility α k are 5 ~ 16J/cm2, falling sphere number of times>20000 times, with good wearability, impact flexibility and preferable comprehensive mechanical property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball, belong to metal material and its system
Standby technical field.
Background technology
With the development of China's metallurgical industry, abrading-ball is widely used in the fields such as mine, metallurgy, cement.At present, domestic mill
The Year's consumption conservative estimation of ball is 180 ~ 2,500,000 tons, and world market Year's consumption reaches 500 ~ 6,000,000 tons, and demand
Every year with 15% speed increase.Domestic abrading-ball manufacture material mainly has forged steel, med-Mn ductile iron, low-alloy chilled cast iron and Gao Ge
White cast-iron etc..HI-chrome cast iron for grinding balls is in dry grinding medium, and wearability is good, but production cost is high, and percentage of damage is higher, and low-alloy is white
Mouth cast iron is poor, less at present to use, and Medium Manganese ductile iron grinding balls are easily manufactured, production cost is low, but impact flexibility is low, mill
Ball percentage of damage is high.At present, domestic stokehold iron liquid handling process and acquisition bainite-martensite to bainite nodular cast iron abrading-ball
The Technology for Heating Processing research of heterogeneous structure is more, for example, a kind of bainite ball that Chinese invention patent CN1944700A is announced
Black cast-iron grinding ball and its production technology, it provides a kind of process of thermal treatment of control water-spraying control, i.e., by abrading-ball austenitizing
Pole is as cold as Bainite/Martensite Dual-Phase tissue afterwards, is related to a kind of atomizing sprayer, there is hydraulic pressure supply in long-term production and fills
The uneven defect of abrading-ball surface high-temp dampening, runs into hydraulic pressure during foot, pipelining blocking are difficult operative and sprayed
Not enough or cross big city the pole speed of cooling of abrading-ball is impacted, and produce in enormous quantities to exist unavoidably and spray whole abrading-ball
Dampening cooling is uneven, makes abrading-ball interior tissue stress not uniform enough, is easily caused inside abrading-ball and crackle occurs with surface, or
The defect that abrading-ball itself is burst, and be difficult the Tissue distribution of control abrading-ball, so as to influence the performance of abrading-ball, reduce abrading-ball
Yield rate.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball
Preparation method, is bred after spheroidising simultaneously by Feed aluminum wire, and graphite grade is high, and Oxygen potential is good, and by isothermal hardening after, system
The abrading-ball performance obtained is stable, and hardness is high, good toughness, excellent wear-resisting property, with good comprehensive mechanical property, preparation method behaviour
Facilitate, technique is easily controlled, product quality is stable.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball, comprises the following steps that：
（1）According to percentage by weight（wt.%）For：C:3.5~3.8%；Si:2.0~2.5%；Mn:2.0~2.5%；Mg:0.04~
0.06%；Cr:0.5~0.8%；Mo:0.15~0.3%；Re:0.02~0.03%；P≤0.03%；S≤0.03%, remaining is Fe and not
Impurity can be avoided, dispensing is carried out, and melting is carried out using intermediate frequency furnace；
（2）After the completion of melting, it is 1480 DEG C ~ 1520 DEG C to control iron liquid tapping temperature, iron liquid is all poured into iron liquid bag, in iron
The long-acting inovulant SiBaCa of material gross mass 0.2 ~ 0.4% in iron liquid bag is added in liquid bag, then spreads last layer coverture isolation sky
Gas, then closes iron liquid bag with clad on wire feeder；
（3）Nodularization and inoculation are carried out using core-spun yarn simultaneously in iron liquid bag, two core-spun yarns are respectively iron parcel nodularization
Nodularization core-spun yarn and breed core-spun yarn that agent and iron parcel inovulant are made, control nodularization core-spun yarn by wire feeder and breed bag
Cored wire, while nodularization core-spun yarn is continuously added into, intermittence, which is added, breeds core-spun yarn, and nodularization core-spun yarn feeding wire speed is 17 ~
19m/min, the addition of nodularization core-spun yarn is material gross mass in 30 ~ 40m/t iron liquid bags, and the addition for breeding core-spun yarn is
Material gross mass in 22.5 ~ 34m/t iron liquid bags, the addition that core-spun yarn is bred by addition length computation is the 75 of nodularization core-spun yarn
~85%；
（4）Step（3）After core-spun yarn addition terminates, iron liquid bag departs from clad, adds material gross mass 0.2 ~ 0.4% in iron liquid bag
Long-acting inovulant SiBaCa, skim and add the ice crystal of material gross mass 0.1% ~ 0.3% in iron liquid bag, covered with plant ash
Completely cut off air, it is to be poured；
（5）Step（4）Iron liquid casting ductile iron abrading-ball after processing, pouring temperature is 1380 DEG C ~ 1420 DEG C, treats that casting is cooled down
Room temperature is air-cooled to after to 900 ~ 950 DEG C；
（6）Step（5）The abrading-ball for being cooled to room temperature is heat-treated, ladder-elevating temperature to 650 DEG C, 750 DEG C, 850 DEG C, 880 DEG C ~
900 DEG C are incubated, and each warm area of diameter 40 ~ 80mm abrading-balls is incubated 130 ~ 150min, each warm area of diameter 90 ~ 100mm abrading-balls
150 ~ 170min is incubated, diameter is more than each warm area of 100mm abrading-balls and is incubated 170 ~ 190 min, then carries out at salt bath austempering
Reason, 5 ~ 10s of salt bath, alternately 5 ~ 10s of air cooling, 10 ~ 20min, then temperature is 200 ~ 250 DEG C, is incubated 2 ~ 3 hours, selects
The potassium nitrate salt-mixture of 45% natrium nitrosum+55% is used as austempering medium；
（7）After the completion of to be heated, cleaned into service sink, abrading-ball after cleaning is subjected to temper, eliminate quenching
Stress, stabilizing tissue improves the combination property of abrading-ball, and 220 DEG C ~ 240 DEG C of temperature is incubated 6 ~ 8h in tempering furnace, obtained
Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball.
Step（2）The coverture is riser head heat-preserving exothermic mixture DY2 type covertures.
Step（3）Nodulizer is content of magnesium 6-7% magnesium nodulizer, the specification of nodularization core-spun yarn in the nodularization core-spun yarn
For 0.4 ~ 0.5kg/m, magnesium nodulizer content is 0.24 ~ 0.4kg/m.
Step（3）It is described to breed the inovulant model used inside core-spun yarn：ZFSCCM types（Containing Si:77-80%, Al:
0.5-1.0%, remaining is Fe and 0.5-1.0% Re, and granularity is 2.0-2.5mm）, CBSALLOY types（Containing Si:72-74%, Al:
1.0-1.5%, remaining is Fe and 0.5-1.0% Re, and granularity is 0.1-0.3mm）Or FS510 types（Containing Si:75-77%, Al:0.8-
1.2%, remaining is Fe and 0.5-1.0% Re, and granularity is 1.0-2.0mm）, wherein breed the specification of core-spun yarn for 0.31 ~
0.41kg/m, the content of inovulant is 0.18 ~ 0.25kg/m.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
（1）The present invention is by feeding after the processing of pompon method spheroidization and inoculation, and spheroidal graphite order of magnitude reaches 7 ~ 8 grades, and Oxygen potential reaches 1 ~ 2
Level.
（2）The advantage of effective performance material of the invention in itself, the abrading-ball hardness for producing different-diameter is HRC55-
62, and inside and outside hardness difference is less than 5, and impact flexibility α k are 5 ~ 16J/cm2, falling sphere number of times>20000 times, with good resistance to
Mill property, impact flexibility and preferable comprehensive mechanical property.
（3）The preparation method of Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball proposed by the invention is easy to operate, and technique is easy
Control, product quality is stable.
（4）The present invention develops Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball and handled simultaneously by Feed aluminum wire spheroidization and inoculation, can be with
It is made and is evenly distributed and spheroidal graphite that credit rating is high, and subsequent treatment is made that mill ball quality is stable with performance, and hardness is high, toughness
Good, surface and centre hardness difference are small, excellent wear-resisting property, and percentage of damage is low, therefore, the high performance Ao of development and production-shellfish type spheroidal graphite
Cast-iron grinding ball material is significant.
Brief description of the drawings
The spheroidal graphite figure of the Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball of Fig. 1 embodiment of the present invention 1；
The micro-organization chart of the Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball of Fig. 2 embodiment of the present invention 1.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the invention will be further described, but protection scope of the present invention is simultaneously
The content is not limited to, content is not stated carefully for this area conventional technical means.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball of the present embodiment, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）Dispensing and melting：According to percentage by weight（wt.%）For：C: 3.8%；Si: 2.5%；Mn: 2.2%；Mg: 0.05%；
Cr:0.7%；Mo: 0.25%；Re:0.02%；P≤0.03%；S≤0.03%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity, is matched somebody with somebody
Material, and melting is carried out using intermediate frequency furnace；
（2）Iron liquid prepares：After the completion of intermediate frequency furnace melting, control iron liquid tapping temperature is at 1480 DEG C, by iron liquid in stove
All pour into after iron liquid bag, the long-acting inovulant SiBaCa of material gross mass 0.2% in iron liquid bag is added in iron liquid bag, then spread
Last layer riser head heat-preserving exothermic mixture DY2 types coverture completely cuts off air, is then closed clad on iron liquid bag and wire feeder with driving
On；
（3）Spheroidization and inoculation processing：Nodularization and inoculation, two core-spun yarns used are carried out using core-spun yarn simultaneously in iron liquid bag
Respectively iron parcel nodulizer and the iron nodularization core-spun yarn that is made of parcel inovulant and core-spun yarn is bred, nodularization core-spun yarn and bred
Cored linear diameter is 13mm, controls nodularization core-spun yarn by wire feeder and breeds core-spun yarn, in nodularization core-spun yarn spheroidising
While being continuously added into, intermittence, which is added, breeds core-spun yarn, and spheroidization and inoculation processing, feeding wire speed and processing are carried out in iron liquid bag
Temperature is relevant, and treatment temperature is higher, and feeding wire speed is faster, and the present embodiment feeds pompon temperature and elects 1420 DEG C as, and ball is considered in addition
Agent burst time point, it is desirable to which core-spun yarn just reaches bag bottom, casting ladle size when nodulizer detonates：Clad about 0.3m, inclusion
About 1.1m, it is contemplated that core-spun yarn leading portion has 0.2m scaling loss, therefore optimal nodularization burst time point is that nodularization core-spun yarn enters 1.6m
Start detonation, nodularization core-spun yarn feeding wire speed is controlled in 17m/min, wherein breeding the addition of core-spun yarn by addition length computation
It is material gross mass in the 75% of nodularization core-spun yarn, nodularization core-spun yarn 30m/t iron liquid bags, breeds in core-spun yarn 22.5m/t iron liquid bags
Material gross mass, the addition speed for breeding core-spun yarn specifically regulates and controls in actual production, and nodularization core-spun yarn nodulizer is content of magnesium
6% magnesium nodulizer, the specification of nodularization core-spun yarn is 0.4kg/m, and wherein iron sheet quality is 0.16kg/m, and magnesium nodulizer content is
0.24kg/m, breeds the model for the inovulant used inside core-spun yarn：ZFSCCM types（Containing Si:77-80%, Al:0.5-1.0%,
Remaining is Fe and 0.5-1.0% Re, and granularity is 2.0-2.5mm）, the wherein content of inovulant is 0.18kg/m, breeds core-spun yarn
Specification be 0.31kg/m；
（4）Handle post inoculation：After spheroidization and inoculation terminates, iron liquid bag departs from clad, adds material gross mass in iron liquid bag
0.2% long-acting inovulant SiBaCa, skims and adds the ice crystal of material gross mass 0.1% in iron liquid bag, covered with plant ash
Completely cut off air, it is to be poured；
（5）Cast molding：Fast thermocouple thermometric is used, chill block checks spheroidizing quality, 1380 DEG C of pouring temperature, iron after processing
Liquid directly pours into a mould 40mm ductile iron abrading-balls, and being unpacked when casting in casting mold is cooled to 900 DEG C is air-cooled to room temperature；
（6）Heat treatment：The abrading-ball that will be cooled to room temperature is put into chase, and ladder is heated to 880 in continuous push-down heating furnace
DEG C, heating furnace is divided into the heating of 4th area, and design temperature is respectively 650 DEG C, and 750 DEG C, 850 DEG C, 880 DEG C, each warm area can stepping type
7 frame abrading-balls are put into, the heat time is controlled by push rod interval time, each warm area insulation 130min of diameter 40mm abrading-balls, diameter
40mm abrading-ball push rods speed is 20min/ frames, to be heated to release in push rod heating furnace abrading-ball importing to chase after 880 DEG C and carry
The iron case of shadoof, then carry out salt bath austempering processing, whole process includes, and shadoof carries iron case into salt bath 5s, lift into
Row air cooling 5s, alternately 10min, are then put into salt bath by iron case and are incubated, and temperature is maintained at 220 DEG C, and insulation 2 is small
When, it is used as austempering medium from the potassium nitrate salt-mixture of 45% natrium nitrosum+55%；
（7）Cleaning and tempering：After the completion of to be heated, cleaned into service sink；Abrading-ball is carried out at tempering after cleaning
Reason, eliminate quenching stress, stabilizing tissue, improve abrading-ball combination property, in tempering furnace 220 DEG C insulation 6h, obtain austenite-
Bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball.
Fig. 1 show the present embodiment step（5）Detect the spheroidal graphite of obtained Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball
Figure, the Oxygen potential of graphite reaches 1 grade as we know from the figure, and spheroidal graphite order of magnitude reaches 7 grades；Detected described in Fig. 2 for the present embodiment
The micro-organization chart of the Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball arrived, as we know from the figure thing phase constitution have retained austenite, shellfish
Family name's body, martensite, carbide and graphite nodule, wherein bainite and spheroidal graphite provide good toughness, and martensite and carbide are provided
The roundness of harder intensity, also graphite nodule is extremely important to the mechanical performance for improving ductile iron abrading-ball；The present embodiment is given birth to
The abrading-ball hardness of output is HRC62, and inside and outside hardness difference is less than 5, and impact flexibility α k are 5J/cm2, falling sphere number of times>
20000 times, with good wearability, impact flexibility and preferable comprehensive mechanical property.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball of the present embodiment, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）Dispensing and melting：According to percentage by weight（wt.%）For：C: 3.6%；Si: 2.2%；Mn: 2.0%；Mg: 0.04%；
Cr:0.5%；Mo:0.15%；Re:0.025%；P≤0.03%；S≤0.03%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity, is matched somebody with somebody
Material, and melting is carried out using intermediate frequency furnace；
（2）Iron liquid prepares：After the completion of intermediate frequency furnace melting, control iron liquid tapping temperature is at 1500 DEG C, by iron liquid in stove
All pour into after iron liquid bag, the long-acting inovulant SiBaCa of material gross mass 0.3% in iron liquid bag is added in iron liquid bag, then spread
Last layer riser head heat-preserving exothermic mixture DY2 types coverture completely cuts off air, is then closed clad on iron liquid bag and wire feeder with driving
On；
（3）Spheroidization and inoculation processing：Nodularization and inoculation, two core-spun yarns used are carried out using core-spun yarn simultaneously in iron liquid bag
Respectively iron parcel nodulizer and the iron nodularization core-spun yarn that is made of parcel inovulant and core-spun yarn is bred, nodularization core-spun yarn and bred
Cored linear diameter is 13mm, controls nodularization core-spun yarn by wire feeder and breeds core-spun yarn, in nodularization core-spun yarn spheroidising
While being continuously added into, intermittence, which is added, breeds core-spun yarn, and spheroidization and inoculation processing, feeding wire speed and processing are carried out in iron liquid bag
Temperature is relevant, and treatment temperature is higher, and feeding wire speed is faster, and the present embodiment feeds pompon temperature and elects 1440 DEG C as, and ball is considered in addition
Agent burst time point, it is desirable to which core-spun yarn just reaches bag bottom, casting ladle size when nodulizer detonates：Clad about 0.3m, inclusion
About 1.1m, it is contemplated that core-spun yarn leading portion has 0.3m scaling loss, therefore optimal nodularization burst time point is that nodularization core-spun yarn enters 1.7m
Start detonation, nodularization core-spun yarn feeding wire speed is controlled in 18m/min, wherein breeding the addition of core-spun yarn by addition length computation
It is material gross mass in the 85% of nodularization core-spun yarn, nodularization core-spun yarn 40m/t iron liquid bags, breeds thing in core-spun yarn 34m/t iron liquid bags
Matter gross mass, breed the addition speed of core-spun yarn has specific regulation and control in actual production, and wherein nodularization core-spun yarn nodulizer is magnesium
The magnesium nodulizer of content 7%, the specification of nodularization core-spun yarn is 0.5kg/m, and wherein iron sheet quality is 0.16kg/m, and magnesium nodulizer contains
Measure as 0.34kg/m, breed the model for the inovulant used inside core-spun yarn：CBSALLOY types（Containing Si:72-74%, Al:
1.0-1.5%, remaining is Fe and 0.5-1.0% Re, and granularity is 0.1-0.3mm）, the wherein content of inovulant is 0.21kg/m,
The specification for breeding core-spun yarn is 0.35kg/m；
（4）Handle post inoculation：After spheroidization and inoculation terminates, iron liquid bag departs from clad, adds material gross mass in iron liquid bag
0.3% long-acting inovulant SiBaCa, skims and adds the ice crystal of material gross mass 0.3% in iron liquid bag, covered with plant ash
Completely cut off air, it is to be poured；
（5）Cast molding：Fast thermocouple thermometric is used, chill block checks spheroidizing quality, 1400 DEG C of pouring temperature, iron after processing
Liquid directly pours into a mould 90mm ductile iron abrading-balls, and being unpacked when casting in casting mold is cooled to 950 DEG C is air-cooled to room temperature；
（6）Heat treatment：The abrading-ball that will be cooled to room temperature is put into chase, and ladder is heated to 900 in continuous push-down heating furnace
DEG C, heating furnace is divided into the heating of 4th area, and design temperature is respectively 650 DEG C, and 750 DEG C, 850 DEG C, 900 DEG C, each warm area can stepping type
7 frame abrading-balls are put into, the heat time is controlled by push rod interval time, each warm area insulation 150min of diameter 90mm abrading-balls, diameter
90mm abrading-ball push rods speed is 23min/ frames, to be heated to release in push rod heating furnace abrading-ball importing to chase after 900 DEG C and carry
The iron case of shadoof, then carry out salt bath austempering processing, whole process includes, and shadoof carries iron case into salt bath 8s, lift into
Row air cooling 8s, alternately 15min, are then put into salt bath by iron case and are incubated, and temperature is maintained at 230 DEG C, and insulation 2.5 is small
When, it is used as austempering medium from the potassium nitrate salt-mixture of 45% natrium nitrosum+55%；
（7）Cleaning and tempering：After the completion of to be heated, cleaned into service sink；Abrading-ball is carried out at tempering after cleaning
Reason, eliminate quenching stress, stabilizing tissue, improve abrading-ball combination property, in tempering furnace 230 DEG C insulation 7h, obtain austenite-
Bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball.
The present embodiment step（5）The Oxygen potential of the spheroidal graphite figure graphite of obtained Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball
2 grades are reached, spheroidal graphite order of magnitude reaches 8 grades, microscopic structure and the phase of embodiment 1 of Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball
It is all retained austenite, bainite, martensite, carbide and graphite nodule, the abrading-ball hardness produced is HRC58, and inside and outside
Hardness difference is less than 5, and impact flexibility α k are 9J/cm2, falling sphere number of times>20000 times, with good wearability, impact flexibility
With preferable comprehensive mechanical property.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball of the present embodiment, is comprised the following steps that：
（1）Dispensing and melting：According to percentage by weight（wt.%）For：C:3.5%；Si:2.0%；Mn:2.5%；Mg:0.06%； Cr:
0.8%；Mo:0.3%；Re:0.03%；P≤0.03%；S≤0.03%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity, carries out dispensing, and
Melting is carried out using intermediate frequency furnace；
（2）Iron liquid prepares：After the completion of intermediate frequency furnace melting, control iron liquid tapping temperature is at 1520 DEG C, by iron liquid in stove
All pour into after iron liquid bag, the long-acting inovulant SiBaCa of material gross mass 0.4% in iron liquid bag is added in iron liquid bag, then spread
Last layer riser head heat-preserving exothermic mixture DY2 types coverture completely cuts off air, is then closed clad on iron liquid bag and wire feeder with driving
On；
（3）Spheroidization and inoculation processing：Nodularization and inoculation, two core-spun yarns used are carried out using core-spun yarn simultaneously in iron liquid bag
Respectively iron parcel nodulizer and the iron nodularization core-spun yarn that is made of parcel inovulant and core-spun yarn is bred, nodularization core-spun yarn and bred
Cored linear diameter is 13mm, controls nodularization core-spun yarn by wire feeder and breeds core-spun yarn, in nodularization core-spun yarn spheroidising
While being continuously added into, intermittence, which is added, breeds core-spun yarn, and spheroidization and inoculation processing, feeding wire speed and processing are carried out in iron liquid bag
Temperature is relevant, and treatment temperature is higher, and feeding wire speed is faster, and the present embodiment feeds pompon temperature and elects 1440 DEG C as, and ball is considered in addition
Agent burst time point, it is desirable to which core-spun yarn just reaches bag bottom, casting ladle size when nodulizer detonates：Clad about 0.3m, inclusion
About 1.1m, it is contemplated that core-spun yarn leading portion has 0.4m scaling loss, therefore optimal nodularization burst time point is that nodularization core-spun yarn enters 2.0m
Start detonation, nodularization core-spun yarn feeding wire speed is controlled in 19m/min, wherein breeding the addition of core-spun yarn by addition length computation
It is material gross mass in the 85% of nodularization core-spun yarn, nodularization core-spun yarn 37.5m/t iron liquid bags, breeds in core-spun yarn 30m/t iron liquid bags
Material gross mass, the addition speed for breeding core-spun yarn specifically regulates and controls in actual production, and nodularization core-spun yarn nodulizer is content of magnesium
6.5% magnesium globule, the specification of nodularization core-spun yarn is 0.45kg/m, and wherein iron sheet quality is 0.16kg/m, and magnesium nodulizer content is
0.29kg/m, breeds the model FS510 types for the inovulant used inside core-spun yarn（Containing Si:75-77%, Al:0.8-1.2%, its
The remaining Re for Fe and 0.5-1.0%, granularity is 1.0-2.0mm）, the wherein content of inovulant is 0.25kg/m, breeds core-spun yarn
Specification is 0.41kg/m；
（4）Handle post inoculation：After spheroidization and inoculation terminates, iron liquid bag departs from clad, adds material gross mass in iron liquid bag
0.4% long-acting inovulant SiBaCa, skims and adds the ice crystal of material gross mass 0.2% in iron liquid bag, covered with plant ash
Completely cut off air, it is to be poured；
（5）Cast molding：Fast thermocouple thermometric is used, chill block checks spheroidizing quality, 1420 DEG C of pouring temperature, iron after processing
Liquid directly pours into a mould 120mm ductile iron abrading-balls, and being unpacked when casting in casting mold is cooled to 920 DEG C is air-cooled to room temperature；
（6）Heat treatment：The abrading-ball that will be cooled to room temperature is put into chase, and ladder is heated to 890 in continuous push-down heating furnace
DEG C, heating furnace is divided into the heating of 4th area, and design temperature is respectively 650 DEG C, and 750 DEG C, 850 DEG C, 890 DEG C, each warm area can stepping type
7 frame abrading-balls are put into, the heat time is controlled by push rod interval time, each warm area insulation 170min of diameter 120mm abrading-balls, diameter
120mm abrading-ball push rods speed is 26min/ frames, to be heated to release in push rod heating furnace abrading-ball importing to chase after 890 DEG C and carry
The iron case of shadoof, then carry out salt bath austempering processing, whole process includes, and shadoof carries iron case into salt bath 10s, lift into
Row air cooling 10s, alternately 20min, are then put into salt bath by iron case and are incubated, and temperature is maintained at 250 DEG C, and insulation 3 is small
When, it is used as austempering medium from the potassium nitrate salt-mixture of 45% natrium nitrosum+55%；
（7）Cleaning：After the completion of to be heated, cleaned into service sink；Abrading-ball carries out temper after cleaning, and eliminates
Quenching stress, stabilizing tissue improves the combination property of abrading-ball, 8h is incubated in tempering furnace, 240 DEG C of temperature obtains Ovshinsky
Body-bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball.
The present embodiment step（5）The Oxygen potential for obtaining the spheroidal graphite figure graphite of Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball reaches
To 2 grades, spheroidal graphite order of magnitude reaches 7 grades, and the microscopic structure of Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball is same as Example 1
For retained austenite, bainite, martensite, carbide and graphite nodule, the abrading-ball hardness of different-diameter is produced in HRC55, and
And inside and outside hardness difference is less than 5, impact flexibility α k are 16J/cm2, falling sphere number of times>20000 times, with good wearability, punching
Hit toughness and preferable comprehensive mechanical property.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that：
（1）According to percentage by weight：C:3.5~3.8%；Si:2.0~2.5%；Mn:2.0~2.5%；Mg:0.04~0.06%；Cr:
0.5~0.8%；Mo:0.15~0.3%；Re:0.02~0.03%；P≤0.03%；S≤0.03%, remaining is Fe and inevitable miscellaneous
Matter carries out dispensing and melting；
（2）After the completion of melting, it is 1480 DEG C ~ 1520 DEG C to control bonded hard ferrite magnet, iron liquid is all poured into iron liquid bag, in iron liquid bag
In add the long-acting inovulant SiBaCa of material gross mass 0.2 ~ 0.4% in iron liquid bag, then last layer coverture is spread, then by iron
Liquid bag closes with clad on wire feeder；
（3）Nodularization and inoculation are carried out using core-spun yarn simultaneously in iron liquid bag, two core-spun yarns are respectively iron parcel nodularization
Nodularization core-spun yarn and breed core-spun yarn that agent and iron parcel inovulant are made, while nodularization core-spun yarn is continuously added into, interval
Property add and breed core-spun yarn, nodularization core-spun yarn feeding wire speed is 17 ~ 19m/min, and the addition of nodularization core-spun yarn is 30 ~ 40m/t,
The addition for breeding core-spun yarn is 22.5 ~ 34m/t, and the addition total length for breeding core-spun yarn is the 75 ~ 85% of nodularization core-spun yarn；
（4）Step（3）After end, iron liquid bag departs from clad, adds the long-acting of material gross mass 0.2 ~ 0.4% in iron liquid bag and breeds
Agent SiBaCa, skims and adds the ice crystal of material gross mass 0.1% ~ 0.3% in iron liquid bag, covers to be poured with plant ash；
（5）Step（4）Iron liquid casting ductile iron abrading-ball after processing, pouring temperature is 1380 DEG C ~ 1420 DEG C, treats that casting is cooled down
Room temperature is air-cooled to after to 900 ~ 950 DEG C；
（6）Step（5）The abrading-ball for being cooled to room temperature is heat-treated, ladder-elevating temperature to 650 DEG C, 750 DEG C, 850 DEG C, 880 DEG C ~
900 DEG C are incubated, and each warm area of diameter 40 ~ 80mm abrading-balls is incubated 130 ~ 150min, each warm area of diameter 90 ~ 100mm abrading-balls
150 ~ 170min is incubated, diameter is more than each warm area of 100mm abrading-balls and is incubated 170 ~ 190 min, then carries out at salt bath austempering
Reason, 5 ~ 10s of salt bath, alternately 5 ~ 10s of air cooling, 10 ~ 20min, are incubated 2 ~ 3 hours, from 45% nitrous by then 200 ~ 250 DEG C
The sour potassium nitrate of sodium+55% salt-mixture is used as austempering medium；
（7）Cleaned after the completion of to be heated, abrading-ball after cleaning is subjected to temper, 220 DEG C ~ 240 DEG C 6 ~ 8h of insulation are obtained
To Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball.
2. the preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）
The coverture is riser head heat-preserving exothermic mixture DY2 type covertures.
3. the preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）
Nodulizer is content of magnesium 6-7% magnesium nodulizer in the nodularization core-spun yarn, and the specification of nodularization core-spun yarn is 0.4 ~ 0.5kg/m, magnesium
Nodularization agent content is 0.24 ~ 0.4kg/m.
4. the preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）
It is described to breed inovulant model in core-spun yarn：ZFSCCM types, CBSALLOY types or FS510 types, wherein breeding the rule of core-spun yarn
Lattice are 0.31 ~ 0.41kg/m, and the content of inovulant is 0.15 ~ 0.25kg/m.
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| CN108611544A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-10-02 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of high abrasion ductile iron abrading-ball and preparation method thereof |
| CN109161646A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-08 | 宁国东方碾磨材料股份有限公司 | A kind of dedicated cast ball of semi-autogenous mill and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114231830A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-03-25 | 宁国东方碾磨材料股份有限公司 | Nodular cast iron grinding ball and preparation method thereof |
| CN114804671A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-29 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for preparing nodular cast iron grinding ball from iron-rich nickel slag and preparing cementing material in cooperation with nodular cast iron grinding ball |
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| CN109161646A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-01-08 | 宁国东方碾磨材料股份有限公司 | A kind of dedicated cast ball of semi-autogenous mill and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114804671A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-29 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for preparing nodular cast iron grinding ball from iron-rich nickel slag and preparing cementing material in cooperation with nodular cast iron grinding ball |
| CN115216585A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-10-21 | 宁国市华丰耐磨材料有限公司 | Process method for refining particle size of CADI (graphite oxide) grinding ball graphite spheres |
| CN115216585B (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2023-07-18 | 宁国市华丰耐磨材料有限公司 | Technological method for refining particle size of CADI grinding ball graphite spheres |
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