CN107142353B - A kind of preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball Download PDF

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CN107142353B
CN107142353B CN201710206653.9A CN201710206653A CN107142353B CN 107142353 B CN107142353 B CN 107142353B CN 201710206653 A CN201710206653 A CN 201710206653A CN 107142353 B CN107142353 B CN 107142353B
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ball
abrading
iron
core
iron liquid
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CN107142353A (en
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李祖来
杨阳
冯焕钦
�山泉
蒋业华
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
    • C21C1/105—Nodularising additive agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball, according to weight ratio of constituents: C:3.5 ~ 3.8%；Si:2.0~2.5%；Mn:2.0~2.5%；Mg:0.04~0.06%；Cr:0.5~0.8%；Mo:0.15~0.3%；Re:0.02~0.03%；P≤0.03%；S≤0.03%, Fe and inevitable impurity ingredient and melting carry out spheroidization and inoculation processing by feeding pompon method, it pours and casts out ductile iron abrading-ball, then it is heat-treated using isothermal salt bath quenching, finally carries out cleaning and lonneal, obtain Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball；The abrading-ball microscopic structure of this method preparation is mainly graphite, retained austenite, carbide, acicular bainite and a small amount of martensite, and the abrading-ball hardness of produced different-diameter is HRC55-62, and inside and outside hardness difference, less than 5, impact flexibility α k is 5 ~ 16J/cm2, falling sphere number > 20000 time have good wearability, impact flexibility and preferable comprehensive mechanical property.

Description

A kind of preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball, belong to metal material and its system Standby technical field.
Background technique
With the development of China's metallurgical industry, abrading-ball is widely used in the fields such as mine, metallurgy, cement.Currently, domestic mill The annual consumption conservative estimation of ball is 180 ~ 2,500,000 tons, and world market annual consumption reaches 500 ~ 6,000,000 tons, and demand Every year with 15% speed increase.Domestic abrading-ball manufacture material mainly has forged steel, med-Mn ductile iron, low-alloy chilled cast iron and Gao Ge White cast-iron etc..HI-chrome cast iron for grinding balls is in dry grinding medium, and wearability is good, but high production cost, and percentage of damage is higher, and low-alloy is white Mouth cast iron is poor, current less use, and Medium Manganese ductile iron grinding balls are easily manufactured, production cost is low, but impact flexibility is low, mill Ball percentage of damage is high.Currently, domestic stokehold iron liquid treatment process and acquisition bainite-martensite to bainite nodular cast iron abrading-ball The heat treatment process research of heterogeneous structure is more, for example, a kind of bainite ball that Chinese invention patent CN1944700A is announced Black cast-iron grinding ball and its production technology provide a kind of process of thermal treatment for controlling water-spraying control, i.e., by abrading-ball austenitizing Pole is as cold as Bainite/Martensite Dual-Phase tissue afterwards, is related to a kind of atomizing sprayer, and there are hydraulic pressure supplies to fill in long-term production Foot, pipelining blocking are not easy the non-uniform defect of abrading-ball surface high-temp dampening during worker operation and spray, encounter hydraulic pressure Pole speed of cooling that is inadequate or crossing big city's opposite grinding ball impacts, and produces in enormous quantities inevitably exist and spray entire abrading-ball Dampening cooling is uneven, keeps abrading-ball interior tissue stress not uniform enough, is easy to cause abrading-ball inside cracked with surface, or The defect that abrading-ball itself is burst, and the Tissue distribution for being difficult to control abrading-ball reduces abrading-ball to influence the performance of abrading-ball Yield rate.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball Preparation method, after breeding spheroidising simultaneously by Feed aluminum wire, graphite grade is high, and Oxygen potential is good, and by making after isothermal hardening The abrading-ball performance obtained is stablized, and hardness is high, good toughness, excellent wear-resisting property, has good comprehensive mechanical property, preparation method behaviour Facilitate, technique is easy to control, stable product quality.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) according to weight percent (wt.%) are as follows: C:3.5 ~ 3.8%；Si:2.0~2.5%；Mn:2.0~2.5%；Mg:0.04~ 0.06%；Cr:0.5~0.8%；Mo:0.15~0.3%；Re:0.02~0.03%；P≤0.03%；S≤0.03%, remaining is Fe and not It can avoid impurity, carry out ingredient, and melting is carried out using intermediate frequency furnace；
(2) after the completion of melting, control iron liquid tapping temperature is 1480 DEG C ~ 1520 DEG C, and iron liquid is all poured into iron liquid packet, In iron liquid packet be added iron liquid packet in substance gross mass 0.2 ~ 0.4% long-acting inovulant SiBaCa, then sprinkle one layer of coverture every Then exhausted air closes iron liquid packet and backpack cover on wire feeder；
(3) nodularization and inoculation are carried out simultaneously in iron liquid packet using core-spun yarn, two core-spun yarns are respectively iron package Spheroidized core wire and core-spun yarn is bred made of nodulizer and iron package inovulant, spheroidized core wire and pregnant is controlled by wire feeder Core-spun yarn is educated, while spheroidized core wire is continuously added into, intermittence, which is added, breeds core-spun yarn, and spheroidized core wire feeding wire speed is The additional amount of 17 ~ 19m/min, spheroidized core wire are substance gross mass in 30 ~ 40m/t iron liquid packet, breed the additional amount of core-spun yarn It is spheroidized core wire by length computation is added to breed the additional amount of core-spun yarn for substance gross mass in 22.5 ~ 34m/t iron liquid packet 75~85%；
(4) step (3) core-spun yarn be added after, iron liquid packet be detached from backpack cover, be added iron liquid packet in substance gross mass 0.2 ~ 0.4% long-acting inovulant SiBaCa, skims and is added the ice crystal of substance gross mass 0.1% ~ 0.3% in iron liquid packet, use plant ash Covering isolation air, it is to be poured；
(5) step (4) treated iron liquid casting ductile iron abrading-ball, pouring temperature is 1380 DEG C ~ 1420 DEG C, to casting Room temperature is air-cooled to after being cooled to 900 ~ 950 DEG C；
(6) abrading-ball that step (5) is cooled to room temperature is heat-treated, and ladder-elevating temperature is to 650 DEG C, 750 DEG C, 850 DEG C, 880 DEG C ~ 900 DEG C kept the temperature, each warm area of diameter 40 ~ 80mm abrading-ball keeps the temperature 130 ~ 150min, each temperature of diameter 90 ~ 100mm abrading-ball Area keeps the temperature 150 ~ 170min, and diameter is greater than each warm area of 100mm abrading-ball and keeps the temperature 170 ~ 190 min, then carries out salt bath austempering Processing, salt bath 5 ~ 10s, air-cooled 5 ~ 10s, alternately 10 ~ 20min, then temperature is 200 ~ 250 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2 ~ 3 hours, choosing Use+55% potassium nitrate salt-mixture of 45% sodium nitrite as austempering medium；
(7) after the completion of to be heated, into being cleaned in service sink, abrading-ball after cleaning is subjected to tempering, is eliminated Quenching stress, stabilizing tissue improve the comprehensive performance of abrading-ball, 220 DEG C ~ 240 DEG C of tempering temperature, 6 ~ 8h are kept the temperature in tempering furnace, Obtain Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball.
Step (2) coverture is riser head heat-preserving exothermic mixture DY2 type coverture.
Nodulizer is the magnesium nodulizer of content of magnesium 6-7%, the specification of spheroidized core wire in step (3) described spheroidized core wire For 0.4 ~ 0.5kg/m, magnesium nodulizer content is 0.24 ~ 0.4kg/m.
Step (3) is described to breed the inovulant model used inside core-spun yarn are as follows: ZFSCCM type (contain Si:77-80%, Al: 0.5-1.0%, remaining be Fe and 0.5-1.0% Re, granularity 2.0-2.5mm), CBSALLOY type (contain Si:72-74%, Al: 1.0-1.5%, remaining be Fe and 0.5-1.0% Re, granularity 0.1-0.3mm) or FS510 type (contain Si:75-77%, Al:0.8- 1.2%, remaining be Fe and 0.5-1.0% Re, granularity 1.0-2.0mm), wherein breed core-spun yarn specification be 0.31 ~ 0.41kg/m, the content of inovulant are 0.18 ~ 0.25kg/m.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) after the present invention is by feeding the processing of pompon method spheroidization and inoculation, spheroidal graphite order of magnitude reaches 7 ~ 8 grades, and Oxygen potential reaches To 1 ~ 2 grade.
(2) the effective advantage for playing material itself of the present invention, the abrading-ball hardness of produced different-diameter are HRC55- 62, and inside and outside hardness difference, less than 5, impact flexibility α k is 5 ~ 16J/cm2, falling sphere number > 20000 time have good resistance to Mill property, impact flexibility and preferable comprehensive mechanical property.
(3) preparation method of Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball proposed by the invention is easy to operate, and technique is easy Control, stable product quality.
(4) present invention develops Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball and is handled simultaneously by Feed aluminum wire spheroidization and inoculation, can be with The obtained spheroidal graphite being evenly distributed and credit rating is high, and mill ball quality is made for subsequent processing and performance is stablized, and hardness is high, toughness Good, surface and centre hardness difference are small, excellent wear-resisting property, and percentage of damage is low, therefore, the high performance Ao of development and production-shellfish type spheroidal graphite Cast-iron grinding ball material is of great significance.
Detailed description of the invention
The spheroidal graphite figure of 1 Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball of Fig. 1 embodiment of the present invention；
The micro-organization chart of 1 Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball of Fig. 2 embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the invention will be further described, but protection scope of the present invention is simultaneously It is not limited to the content, not stating content carefully is conventional technical means in the art.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball of the present embodiment, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) ingredient and melting: according to weight percent (wt.%) are as follows: C:3.8%；Si: 2.5%；Mn: 2.2%；Mg: 0.05%；Cr:0.7%；Mo: 0.25%；Re:0.02%；P≤0.03%；S≤0.03%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity, Ingredient is carried out, and melting is carried out using intermediate frequency furnace；
(2) iron liquid prepares: using after the completion of intermediate frequency furnace melting, control iron liquid tapping temperature, will be in furnace at 1480 DEG C After iron liquid all pours into iron liquid packet, the long-acting inovulant SiBaCa of substance gross mass 0.2% in iron liquid packet is added in iron liquid packet, One layer of riser head heat-preserving exothermic mixture DY2 type coverture isolation air is sprinkled again, then will be wrapped on iron liquid packet and wire feeder with driving Lid closes；
(3) spheroidization and inoculation is handled: carrying out nodularization and inoculation, two packets used simultaneously in iron liquid packet using core-spun yarn Core wire is respectively spheroidized core wire made of iron package nodulizer and iron package inovulant and breeds core-spun yarn, spheroidized core wire and Breeding cored linear diameter is 13mm, controls spheroidized core wire by wire feeder and breeds core-spun yarn, in spheroidized core wire nodularization While be continuously added into, intermittence, which is added, breeds core-spun yarn for processing, carries out spheroidization and inoculation processing in iron liquid packet, feeding wire speed with Treatment temperature is related, and treatment temperature is higher, and feeding wire speed is faster, and the present embodiment feeds pompon temperature and is selected as 1420 DEG C, in addition examines Consider nodulizer burst time point, it is desirable that core-spun yarn just reaches packet bottom when nodulizer detonates, casting ladle size: backpack cover about 0.3m, Backpack body about 1.1m, it is contemplated that core-spun yarn leading portion has the scaling loss of 0.2m, therefore best nodularization burst time point is spheroidized core wire entrance 1.6m starts to detonate, and spheroidized core wire feeding wire speed is controlled in 17m/min, wherein breeding adding for core-spun yarn by length computation is added Enter amount is spheroidized core wire 75%, substance gross mass in spheroidized core wire 30m/t iron liquid packet breeds core-spun yarn 22.5m/t iron liquid Substance gross mass, the addition speed for breeding core-spun yarn specifically regulate and control in actual production in wrapping, and spheroidized core wire nodulizer is magnesium The magnesium nodulizer of content 6%, the specification of spheroidized core wire are 0.4kg/m, and wherein iron sheet quality is 0.16kg/m, and magnesium nodulizer contains Amount is 0.24kg/m, breeds the model for the inovulant used inside core-spun yarn are as follows: ZFSCCM type (contains Si:77-80%, Al:0.5- 1.0%, remaining is the Re, granularity 2.0-2.5mm of Fe and 0.5-1.0%), wherein the content of inovulant is 0.18kg/m, is bred The specification of core-spun yarn is 0.31kg/m；
(4) handle post inoculation: after spheroidization and inoculation, iron liquid packet is detached from backpack cover, adds the total matter of substance in iron liquid packet The long-acting inovulant SiBaCa of amount 0.2%, skims and is added the ice crystal of substance gross mass 0.1% in iron liquid packet, covered with plant ash Lid isolation air, it is to be poured；
(5) cast molding: using fast thermocouple thermometric, and chill block checks spheroidizing quality, 1380 DEG C of pouring temperature, handles Iron liquid is directly poured 40mm ductile iron abrading-ball afterwards, unpacks when casting in casting mold is cooled to 900 DEG C and is air-cooled to room temperature；
(6) be heat-treated: the abrading-ball that will be cooled to room temperature is put into iron frame, and ladder is heated in continuous push-down heating furnace 880 DEG C, heating furnace is divided into four Qu Jiare, and set temperature is respectively 650 DEG C, and 750 DEG C, 850 DEG C, 880 DEG C, each warm area can recursion Formula is put into 7 frame abrading-balls, and heating time is controlled by push rod interval time, and each warm area of diameter 40mm abrading-ball keeps the temperature 130min, diameter 40mm abrading-ball push rod speed is 20min/ frame, to be heated to be had to iron frame after 880 DEG C by releasing abrading-ball importing in push rod heating furnace The iron case of shadoof, then carry out salt bath austempering processing, whole process includes that shadoof mentions iron case and enters salt bath 5s, lift into Then iron case is put into salt bath and kept the temperature by capable air-cooled 5s, alternately 10min, temperature is maintained at 220 DEG C, and heat preservation 2 is small When, select+55% potassium nitrate salt-mixture of 45% sodium nitrite as austempering medium；
(7) it cleans and is tempered: after the completion of to be heated, into being cleaned in service sink；Abrading-ball after cleaning is returned Fire processing, eliminates quenching stress, and stabilizing tissue improves the comprehensive performance of abrading-ball, and 220 DEG C of heat preservation 6h, obtain Austria in tempering furnace Family name's body-bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball.
Fig. 1 show the spheroidal graphite for the Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball that the present embodiment step (5) detection obtains Figure, the Oxygen potential of graphite reaches 1 grade as we know from the figure, and spheroidal graphite order of magnitude reaches 7 grades；It is detected described in Fig. 2 for the present embodiment The micro-organization chart of the Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball arrived, object phase constitution has retained austenite, shellfish as we know from the figure Family name's body, martensite, carbide and graphite nodule, wherein bainite and spheroidal graphite provide good toughness, and martensite and carbide provide Harder intensity, there are also the roundness of graphite nodule is extremely important to the mechanical performance for improving ductile iron abrading-ball；The present embodiment is raw The abrading-ball hardness of output is HRC62, and inside and outside hardness difference, less than 5, impact flexibility α k is 5J/cm2, falling sphere number > 20000 times, there is good wearability, impact flexibility and preferable comprehensive mechanical property.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball of the present embodiment, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) ingredient and melting: according to weight percent (wt.%) are as follows: C:3.6%；Si: 2.2%；Mn: 2.0%；Mg: 0.04%； Cr:0.5%；Mo:0.15%；Re:0.025%；P≤0.03%；S≤0.03%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity, Ingredient is carried out, and melting is carried out using intermediate frequency furnace；
(2) iron liquid prepares: using after the completion of intermediate frequency furnace melting, control iron liquid tapping temperature, will be in furnace at 1500 DEG C After iron liquid all pours into iron liquid packet, the long-acting inovulant SiBaCa of substance gross mass 0.3% in iron liquid packet is added in iron liquid packet, One layer of riser head heat-preserving exothermic mixture DY2 type coverture isolation air is sprinkled again, then will be wrapped on iron liquid packet and wire feeder with driving Lid closes；
(3) spheroidization and inoculation is handled: carrying out nodularization and inoculation, two packets used simultaneously in iron liquid packet using core-spun yarn Core wire is respectively spheroidized core wire made of iron package nodulizer and iron package inovulant and breeds core-spun yarn, spheroidized core wire and Breeding cored linear diameter is 13mm, controls spheroidized core wire by wire feeder and breeds core-spun yarn, in spheroidized core wire nodularization While be continuously added into, intermittence, which is added, breeds core-spun yarn for processing, carries out spheroidization and inoculation processing in iron liquid packet, feeding wire speed with Treatment temperature is related, and treatment temperature is higher, and feeding wire speed is faster, and the present embodiment feeds pompon temperature and is selected as 1440 DEG C, in addition examines Consider nodulizer burst time point, it is desirable that core-spun yarn just reaches packet bottom when nodulizer detonates, casting ladle size: backpack cover about 0.3m, Backpack body about 1.1m, it is contemplated that core-spun yarn leading portion has the scaling loss of 0.3m, therefore best nodularization burst time point is spheroidized core wire entrance 1.7m starts to detonate, and spheroidized core wire feeding wire speed is controlled in 18m/min, wherein breeding adding for core-spun yarn by length computation is added Enter amount is spheroidized core wire 85%, substance gross mass in spheroidized core wire 40m/t iron liquid packet breeds core-spun yarn 34m/t iron liquid packet Interior substance gross mass, the addition speed for breeding core-spun yarn have specific regulation in actual production, wherein spheroidized core wire nodulizer For the magnesium nodulizer of content of magnesium 7%, the specification of spheroidized core wire is 0.5kg/m, and wherein iron sheet quality is 0.16kg/m, magnesium nodularization Agent content is 0.34kg/m, breeds the model for the inovulant used inside core-spun yarn are as follows: CBSALLOY type (contain Si:72-74%, Al:1.0-1.5%, remaining is the Re, granularity 0.1-0.3mm of Fe and 0.5-1.0%), wherein the content of inovulant is 0.21kg/ M, the specification for breeding core-spun yarn is 0.35kg/m；
(4) handle post inoculation: after spheroidization and inoculation, iron liquid packet is detached from backpack cover, adds the total matter of substance in iron liquid packet The long-acting inovulant SiBaCa of amount 0.3%, skims and is added the ice crystal of substance gross mass 0.3% in iron liquid packet, covered with plant ash Lid isolation air, it is to be poured；
(5) cast molding: using fast thermocouple thermometric, and chill block checks spheroidizing quality, 1400 DEG C of pouring temperature, handles Iron liquid is directly poured 90mm ductile iron abrading-ball afterwards, unpacks when casting in casting mold is cooled to 950 DEG C and is air-cooled to room temperature；
(6) be heat-treated: the abrading-ball that will be cooled to room temperature is put into iron frame, and ladder is heated in continuous push-down heating furnace 900 DEG C, heating furnace is divided into four Qu Jiare, and set temperature is respectively 650 DEG C, and 750 DEG C, 850 DEG C, 900 DEG C, each warm area can recursion Formula is put into 7 frame abrading-balls, and heating time is controlled by push rod interval time, and each warm area of diameter 90mm abrading-ball keeps the temperature 150min, diameter 90mm abrading-ball push rod speed is 23min/ frame, to be heated to be had to iron frame after 900 DEG C by releasing abrading-ball importing in push rod heating furnace The iron case of shadoof, then carry out salt bath austempering processing, whole process includes that shadoof mentions iron case and enters salt bath 8s, lift into Then iron case is put into salt bath and kept the temperature by capable air-cooled 8s, alternately 15min, temperature is maintained at 230 DEG C, and heat preservation 2.5 is small When, select+55% potassium nitrate salt-mixture of 45% sodium nitrite as austempering medium；
(7) it cleans and is tempered: after the completion of to be heated, into being cleaned in service sink；Abrading-ball after cleaning is returned Fire processing, eliminates quenching stress, and stabilizing tissue improves the comprehensive performance of abrading-ball, and 230 DEG C of heat preservation 7h, obtain Austria in tempering furnace Family name's body-bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball.
The Oxygen potential of the spheroidal graphite figure graphite for the Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball that the present embodiment step (5) obtains Reach 2 grades, spheroidal graphite order of magnitude reaches 8 grades, microscopic structure and 1 phase of embodiment of Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball It is all retained austenite, bainite, martensite, carbide and graphite nodule, the abrading-ball hardness produced is HRC58, and inside and outside For hardness difference less than 5, impact flexibility α k is 9J/cm2, falling sphere number > 20000 time have good wearability, impact flexibility With preferable comprehensive mechanical property.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball of the present embodiment, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) ingredient and melting: according to weight percent (wt.%) are as follows: C:3.5%；Si:2.0%；Mn:2.5%；Mg:0.06%； Cr:0.8%；Mo:0.3%；Re:0.03%；P≤0.03%；S≤0.03%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity, carries out ingredient, And melting is carried out using intermediate frequency furnace；
(2) iron liquid prepares: using after the completion of intermediate frequency furnace melting, control iron liquid tapping temperature, will be in furnace at 1520 DEG C After iron liquid all pours into iron liquid packet, the long-acting inovulant SiBaCa of substance gross mass 0.4% in iron liquid packet is added in iron liquid packet, One layer of riser head heat-preserving exothermic mixture DY2 type coverture isolation air is sprinkled again, then will be wrapped on iron liquid packet and wire feeder with driving Lid closes；
(3) spheroidization and inoculation is handled: carrying out nodularization and inoculation, two packets used simultaneously in iron liquid packet using core-spun yarn Core wire is respectively spheroidized core wire made of iron package nodulizer and iron package inovulant and breeds core-spun yarn, spheroidized core wire and Breeding cored linear diameter is 13mm, controls spheroidized core wire by wire feeder and breeds core-spun yarn, in spheroidized core wire nodularization While be continuously added into, intermittence, which is added, breeds core-spun yarn for processing, carries out spheroidization and inoculation processing in iron liquid packet, feeding wire speed with Treatment temperature is related, and treatment temperature is higher, and feeding wire speed is faster, and the present embodiment feeds pompon temperature and is selected as 1440 DEG C, in addition examines Consider nodulizer burst time point, it is desirable that core-spun yarn just reaches packet bottom when nodulizer detonates, casting ladle size: backpack cover about 0.3m, Backpack body about 1.1m, it is contemplated that core-spun yarn leading portion has the scaling loss of 0.4m, therefore best nodularization burst time point is spheroidized core wire entrance 2.0m starts to detonate, and spheroidized core wire feeding wire speed is controlled in 19m/min, wherein breeding adding for core-spun yarn by length computation is added Enter amount is spheroidized core wire 85%, substance gross mass in spheroidized core wire 37.5m/t iron liquid packet breeds core-spun yarn 30m/t iron liquid Substance gross mass, the addition speed for breeding core-spun yarn specifically regulate and control in actual production in wrapping, and spheroidized core wire nodulizer is magnesium The magnesium globule of content 6.5%, the specification of spheroidized core wire are 0.45kg/m, and wherein iron sheet quality is 0.16kg/m, and magnesium nodulizer contains Amount is 0.29kg/m, breeds the model FS510 type for the inovulant used inside core-spun yarn (containing Si:75-77%, Al:0.8- 1.2%, remaining is the Re, granularity 1.0-2.0mm of Fe and 0.5-1.0%), wherein the content of inovulant is 0.25kg/m, is bred The specification of core-spun yarn is 0.41kg/m；
(4) handle post inoculation: after spheroidization and inoculation, iron liquid packet is detached from backpack cover, adds the total matter of substance in iron liquid packet The long-acting inovulant SiBaCa of amount 0.4%, skims and is added the ice crystal of substance gross mass 0.2% in iron liquid packet, covered with plant ash Lid isolation air, it is to be poured；
(5) cast molding: using fast thermocouple thermometric, and chill block checks spheroidizing quality, 1420 DEG C of pouring temperature, handles Iron liquid is directly poured 120mm ductile iron abrading-ball afterwards, unpacks when casting in casting mold is cooled to 920 DEG C and is air-cooled to room temperature；
(6) be heat-treated: the abrading-ball that will be cooled to room temperature is put into iron frame, and ladder is heated in continuous push-down heating furnace 890 DEG C, heating furnace is divided into four Qu Jiare, and set temperature is respectively 650 DEG C, and 750 DEG C, 850 DEG C, 890 DEG C, each warm area can recursion Formula is put into 7 frame abrading-balls, and heating time is controlled by push rod interval time, and each warm area of diameter 120mm abrading-ball keeps the temperature 170min, diameter 120mm abrading-ball push rod speed is 26min/ frame, to be heated to be had to iron frame after 890 DEG C by releasing abrading-ball importing in push rod heating furnace The iron case of shadoof, then carry out salt bath austempering processing, whole process includes that shadoof mentions iron case and enters salt bath 10s, lift into Then iron case is put into salt bath and kept the temperature by capable air-cooled 10s, alternately 20min, temperature is maintained at 250 DEG C, and heat preservation 3 is small When, select+55% potassium nitrate salt-mixture of 45% sodium nitrite as austempering medium；
(7) it cleans: after the completion of to be heated, into being cleaned in service sink；Abrading-ball carries out tempering after cleaning, Quenching stress is eliminated, stabilizing tissue improves the comprehensive performance of abrading-ball, 8h is kept the temperature in tempering furnace, 240 DEG C of tempering temperature, is obtained Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball.
The Oxygen potential that the present embodiment step (5) obtains the spheroidal graphite figure graphite of Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball reaches To 2 grades, spheroidal graphite order of magnitude reaches 7 grades, and the microscopic structure of Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball is same as Example 1 For retained austenite, bainite, martensite, carbide and graphite nodule, the abrading-ball hardness of different-diameter is produced in HRC55, and And inside and outside hardness difference, less than 5, impact flexibility α k is 16J/cm2, falling sphere number > 20000 time have good wearability, punching Hit toughness and preferable comprehensive mechanical property.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball, which is characterized in that specific step is as follows:
(1) according to weight percent: C:3.5 ~ 3.8%；Si:2.0~2.5%；Mn:2.0~2.5%；Mg:0.04~0.06%；Cr: 0.5~0.8%；Mo:0.15~0.3%；Re:0.02~0.03%；P≤0.03%；S≤0.03%, remaining is Fe and inevitable miscellaneous Matter carries out ingredient and melting；
(2) after the completion of melting, control bonded hard ferrite magnet is 1480 DEG C ~ 1520 DEG C, iron liquid is all poured into iron liquid packet, in iron liquid packet In the long-acting inovulant SiBaCa of substance gross mass 0.2 ~ 0.4% in iron liquid packet is added, then one layer of coverture is sprinkled, then by iron Liquid packet is closed with backpack cover on wire feeder；
(3) nodularization and inoculation are carried out simultaneously in iron liquid packet using core-spun yarn, two core-spun yarns are respectively iron package nodularization Agent and iron wrap up spheroidized core wire made of inovulant and breed core-spun yarn, while spheroidized core wire is continuously added into, interval Property be added and breed core-spun yarn, spheroidized core wire feeding wire speed is 17 ~ 19m/min, and the additional amount of spheroidized core wire is 30 ~ 40m/t, The additional amount for breeding core-spun yarn is 22.5 ~ 34m/t, and the addition total length for breeding core-spun yarn is the 75 ~ 85% of spheroidized core wire；
Nodulizer is the magnesium nodulizer of content of magnesium 6-7% in the spheroidized core wire, and the specification of spheroidized core wire is 0.4 ~ 0.5kg/ M, magnesium nodulizer content are 0.24 ~ 0.4kg/m；
It is described to breed inovulant model in core-spun yarn are as follows: ZFSCCM type, CBSALLOY type or FS510 type, wherein breeding core-spun yarn Specification be 0.31 ~ 0.41kg/m, the content of inovulant is 0.15 ~ 0.25kg/m；
(4) after step (3), iron liquid packet is detached from backpack cover, and the long-acting of substance gross mass 0.2 ~ 0.4% in iron liquid packet is added and breeds Agent SiBaCa skims and is added the ice crystal of substance gross mass 0.1% ~ 0.3% in iron liquid packet, is covered with plant ash to be poured；
(5) step (4) treated iron liquid casting ductile iron abrading-ball, pouring temperature is 1380 DEG C ~ 1420 DEG C, cooling to casting Room temperature is air-cooled to after to 900 ~ 950 DEG C；
(6) abrading-ball that step (5) is cooled to room temperature is heat-treated, ladder-elevating temperature to 650 DEG C, 750 DEG C, 850 DEG C, 880 DEG C ~ 900 DEG C are kept the temperature, and each warm area of diameter 40 ~ 80mm abrading-ball keeps the temperature 130 ~ 150min, each warm area of diameter 90 ~ 100mm abrading-ball 150 ~ 170min is kept the temperature, diameter is greater than each warm area of 100mm abrading-ball and keeps the temperature 170 ~ 190 min, then carries out at salt bath austempering Reason, salt bath 5 ~ 10s, air-cooled 5 ~ 10s, alternately 10 ~ 20min, then 200 ~ 250 DEG C, keeps the temperature 2 ~ 3 hours, selects 45% nitrous Sour+55% potassium nitrate salt-mixture of sodium is as austempering medium；
(7) to be heated to be cleaned after the completion, abrading-ball after cleaning is subjected to tempering, 220 DEG C ~ 240 DEG C 6 ~ 8h of heat preservation are obtained To Austenite bainite type ductile iron abrading-ball.
2. the preparation method of Austenite-Bainite Ductile Iron abrading-ball according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) The coverture is riser head heat-preserving exothermic mixture DY2 type coverture.
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