CN100584475C - Manufacture method for high boron high speed steel composite roll by centrifugal casting - Google Patents
Manufacture method for high boron high speed steel composite roll by centrifugal casting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A manufacturing method for centrifugally casting high-boron high-speed steel composite roller belongs to the technical field of rolled steel. The invention aims to provide the manufacturing method for centrifugally casting the high boron high-speed steel composite roller without element segregation. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: injecting high-seed steel liquid into a metal casting mould rotating at high speed on a centrifugal machine after the high-seed steel liquid is cooled by an inclined cooling plate; spaying, cooling and casting the high-seed steel liquid during a pouring process; and then centrifugally pouring an intermediate layer; finally pouring cast steel or alloyed ductile cast iron in a rolling core in a static state; and then obtaining the high-boron high-speed steel composite roller. The high-boron high-speed steel composite roller has the advantages of fine tissues on an external layer, compactness and no element segregation; and a boron element on the external layer cannot be mixed into a rolling core.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of steel rolling, be specifically related to a kind of manufacture method of centrifugal casting high-boron high-speed steel composite roller.
Background technology
On the high-speed steel roll basis, increase boron content, reduce carbon content, and reduce expensive alloy element tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, niobium and nickel addition, and do not add the rare cobalt element of China simultaneously and the high boron high-speed steel roll material that grows up, have the hardness height, wearability is good, anti-fatigue performance is good and characteristics such as obdurability height, be used for roll production, for reducing the roll production cost, improve the stocking surface quality, prolong roll and be extremely important service life.
Chinese invention patent CN101240402 discloses a kind of cast high-boron high-speed steel for composite ring roller and heat treatment method thereof, and its chemical composition is designed to (weight %): 0.20-1.10C, 1.0-2.5B, 3.0-5.0Cr, 0.5-0.9Si, 0.6-1.3Mn, 2.0-10.0V, 0.5-1.5Ni, 1.0-4.0Mo, 0.2-4.0W, 0.1-2.0Nb, S＜0.04, P＜0.04, all the other are Fe; Its heat treatment method comprises annealing, quenches and 2-3 tempering, and the heating-up temperature of annealing is 800-860 ℃, and stove is chilled to less than the cold or air cooling of stove after 500 ℃; Quenching temperature is 1020-1150 ℃, air-cooled subsequently or air cooling; Tempering 2-3 time, heating-up temperature 500-550 ℃, the cold or air cooling of stove subsequently.Compare with traditional high-nickel-chromium molybdenum roll, high boron high-speed steel roll has increased substantially wearability, hear resistance, thermal-shock resistance.Because boron content height in the high boron high-speed steel roll, usually surpass 1.0%, and the density of boron is low, under common centrifugal casting condition, because action of centrifugal force, boron element easily gathers partially in the roll inner surface, and the boron content on the roll outer surface (being rolling face) is less, cause roll surface hardness low, wear no resistance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of manufacture method of centrifugal casting high-boron high-speed steel composite roller of element-free segregation.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions goal of the invention: after earlier high-boron high-speed steel liquid being cooled off through the inclination coldplate, inject in the metal mold that rotates at a high speed on the centrifuge, and water spray cools off casting mold in casting process, quicken solidifying of high-boron high-speed steel, pour into a mould the intermediate layer then, at last under static state, at core of the roll cast cast steel or alloy nodular cast iron, obtain outer hardness height, wearability is good and anti-fatigue performance is good, core intensity height, good toughness, skin and core are in conjunction with good high-boron high-speed steel composite roller.Concrete steps are as follows:
1) melting high-boron high-speed steel liquid:
1. with ordinary scrap steel, the pig iron or carburant, ferrochrome, ferrotungsten, nickel plate and the fusing of molybdenum-iron Hybrid Heating, the molten clear back of molten steel adds ferrosilicon pre-deoxidation and alloying;
2. the stokehold is adjusted to branch and temperature is risen to 1500～1540 ℃ after qualified, adds vanadium iron, aluminium, ferrotianium and ferro-boron successively and heats up, and comes out of the stove after liquid steel temperature reaches 1550～1580 ℃;
3. rare earth ferrosilicon is crushed to the fritter that granularity is 8～12mm, after 180～220 ℃ of oven dry, places ladle bottom, molten steel is carried out the rotten processing of rare earth, obtain high-boron high-speed steel liquid with pouring method in the bag;
2) preliminary treatment high-boron high-speed steel liquid:
When the temperature of high-boron high-speed steel liquid reaches more than the liquidus temperature 60～80 ℃, with the inclination coldplate cooling of flowing through of high-boron high-speed steel liquid;
3) centrifugal casting high-boron high-speed steel composite roller:
1. will pour in the metal mold that rotates at a high speed on centrifuge through the cooled high-boron high-speed steel liquation of inclination coldplate, the casting mold rotating speed is pressed following formula and is determined:
In the formula: n
1The casting mold revolution (r/min) at-cast initial stage, γ-high-boron high-speed steel liquation density (g/cm
3), r-high-boron high-speed steel body of roll inside radius (cm), β
1-adjustment coefficient (high-boron high-speed steel is 1.8～2.0);
2. after the cast of high-boron high-speed steel liquation finishes, water spray cooling casting mold immediately, when high-boron high-speed steel body of roll internal surface temperature is higher than 10～30 ℃ of its solidus temperatures, cast high-carbon half steel or graphitic steel intermediate layer, intermediate layer thickness 8～15mm, casting mold rotating speed press following formula and determine:
In the formula: n
2Casting mold revolution (r/min) during-cast intermediate layer, R-intermediate layer inside radius (cm), β
2-adjustment coefficient (intermediate layer is 1.0～1.2);
3. the intermediate layer cast is 70～80% o'clock, pour into the glass slag with stream, the glass slag amount of pouring into is the square meter intermediate layer internal surface area 2.0～5.0kg of unit, when the intermediate layer temperature is lower than 0～15 ℃ of solidus temperature, cast roller core cast steel or alloy nodular cast iron, wherein the cast steel pouring temperature is 1500-1540 ℃, and the alloy nodular cast iron pouring temperature is 1420-1460 ℃;
4) high-boron high-speed steel composite roller heat treatment
High-boron high-speed steel composite roller directly carries out subcritical heat treatment after roughing, and be about to high-boron high-speed steel composite roller and be heated to 550～600 ℃ with stove, behind insulation 3～6h, air cooling; Behind 500～520 ℃ of insulation 6～8h, stove is chilled to 150～250 ℃ subsequently, and air cooling can obtain the high-boron high-speed steel composite roller of excellent combination property after the fine finishining.
The material of the coldplate wherein, step 2) is a casting pig; Length is 800～1200mm; With the angle of inclination of ground level be 30 °～60 °; The one side that coldplate contacts with molten steel applies the BN coating that a layer thickness is 0.5～2.0mm.
Principle of the present invention is as follows:
The outer high-boron high-speed steel liquid of composite roll of the present invention carried out preliminary treatment earlier before cast, be about to steel flow and cool off through the inclination coldplate.Adopt the high-boron high-speed steel primary austenite of hang plate cooling preparation than routine casting moulding tissue obvious refinement to be arranged, originally thick dendritic crystalline primary austenite becomes granular crystalline with brachyplast.This is because metal liquid stream when hang plate, because the chilling action of hang plate produces a large amount of tiny free nucleus, thereby has increased the nucleation rate of molten metal, provides condition for obtaining tiny primary austenite.In addition, metal liquid stream washes away, collides, shears between interdendritic, dendrite and molten metal when hang plate, thereby very big effect is played in nodularization, the refinement of primary austenite.The high-boron high-speed steel steel flow is after the cooling of inclination coldplate, disappearance because of the nodularization of primary austenite and refinement and thick dendritic crystalline primary austenite, cause the growth of eutectic boride to be restricted, promote refinement and the suspension and isolated distribution of eutectic boride, help improving the intensity and the toughness of high-boron high-speed steel.
In addition, apply the BN coating that a layer thickness is 0.5～2.0mm at coldplate and molten steel contact surface, because of BN and high-boron high-speed steel molten steel nonwetting, the forming core of this moment mainly is chilling action and the spontaneous nucleation that relies on coldplate, and coldplate is better to the free effect of molten steel, and nucleus just forms on its surface, enter in the molten steel immediately, at this moment, after nucleus leaves cold plate surface, promptly make way for next crystal grain and locate forming core at this.And when molten steel was flowed through the BN coating surface, because the molten steel flow velocity is fast, convection action was strong, makes grain shaped check figure order many, helps obtaining tiny high-boron high-speed steel tissue.
Inclination coldplate angle is excessive or too smallly will make that all primary austenite in the tissue is thicker, roundness is less.When inclination coldplate angle hour, the flow velocity of molten metal is relatively slow, washing away between dendrite and dendrite and dendrite and molten metal, collision, shear action are less, crystal grain is easy to grow up, and causes the dendritic crystalline primary austenite many.When the hang plate angle is big, the molten metal flow velocity is very fast relatively, the time that molten metal flows on hang plate is shorter relatively, and washing away between interdendritic and dendrite and molten metal, collision, shear action time are relative shorter, cause the dendritic crystalline primary austenite also many.When inclination coldplate angle was 30 °～60 °, the size of the high-boron high-speed steel primary austenite of preparation was little, roundness height, and the refinement of eutectic boride, and be suspension and isolated the distribution.Inclination coldplate length also has tangible influence to the high-boron high-speed steel tissue.During inclination coldplate length 800～1200mm, can obtain tiny, rounding primary austenite and suspension, the isolated boride tissue that distributes.
High-boron high-speed steel liquid is after the preliminary treatment of inclination coldplate, mobile poor, a little less than the feeding capacity, therefore should suitably improve the casting mold rotating speed during centrifugal casting, therefore, when the cast high-boron high-speed steel was outer, the adjustment coefficient of casting mold revolution was 1.8～2.0, and the cast intermediate layer, the adjustment coefficient of casting mold revolution then reduces to 1.0～1.2.
In order to prevent that the boron element in the outer high-boron high-speed steel from sneaking into roller core, reduce roller core intensity and toughness, behind the cast skin, before the cast roller core, cast high-carbon half steel or graphitic steel intermediate layer, intermediate layer thickness 8～15mm.When pouring into casting mold because of outer high-boron high-speed steel, the coldplate preliminary treatment of having tilted, nucleus is many, and crystallization rate is fast, and after high-boron high-speed steel liquation cast finishes, the casting mold of water spray cooling immediately, accelerate it and solidify, therefore, after the outer high-boron high-speed steel centrifugal casting, element segregation can not occur, help improving the mechanical property and the serviceability of high boron high-speed steel roll.In addition, outer high-boron high-speed steel is fast because of setting rate, and the as cast condition matrix also contains a spot of bainite based on martensite and austenite, pearlitic structrure can not occur, therefore, can not carry out quench hot.High-boron high-speed steel composite roller directly carries out subcritical heat treatment after roughing, be about to high-boron high-speed steel composite roller and be heated to 550～600 ℃ with stove, behind insulation 3～6h, air cooling, separate out proeutectoid carbide in the retained austenite, stability decreases is changing martensite in the process air cooler subsequently, has promoted the further raising of high-boron high-speed steel hardness.Behind 500～520 ℃ of insulation 6～8h, stove is chilled to 150～250 ℃ subsequently, and air cooling can be eliminated retained austenite and change the internal stress that the back is produced, and improves structure stability.Can obtain the high-boron high-speed steel composite roller of excellent combination property after the fine finishining.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
(1) high-boron high-speed steel composite roller outer tissue of the present invention is tiny, fine and close, the element-free segregation;
(2) high-boron high-speed steel composite roller of the present invention is outer and intermediate layer, intermediate layer and roller core metallurgical binding are good, and outer field boron element can not sneak into roller core, can guarantee that roller core has high strength;
(3) high-boron high-speed steel composite roller of the present invention does not need to carry out high-temperature heat treatment, has that heat treatment time is short, technology is easy, energy consumption is low and characteristics such as production efficiency height;
(4) high-boron high-speed steel composite roller roll surface hardness of the present invention is even, and wearability and thermal fatigue resistance are good, is used for steel rolling and produces, and can prolong roll campaign, reduces the stocking production cost, improves the stocking surface quality, improves operating rate of rolling mill.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 high-boron high-speed steel liquid of the present invention preliminary treatment schematic diagram, among the figure, 1-ladle, 2-high-boron high-speed steel liquid, 3-tapping hole, 4-BN coating, 5-inclination coldplate.
The schematic diagram of the high-boron high-speed steel composite roller that Fig. 2 the present invention is prepared, among the figure, 6-skin (high-boron high-speed steel), 7-intermediate layer (alloy half steel or graphitic steel), 8-core (cast steel or alloy nodular cast iron).
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
The specific embodiment
Adopt skin, intermediate layer and the roller core of 500kg, 300kg and 1000kg electro-smelting high-boron high-speed steel composite roller among the following embodiment respectively.
Embodiment 1
1) melting high-boron high-speed steel liquid:
1. with ordinary scrap steel, the pig iron, ferrochrome, ferrotungsten, nickel plate and the fusing of molybdenum-iron Hybrid Heating, the molten clear back of molten steel adds ferrosilicon pre-deoxidation and alloying;
2. the stokehold is adjusted to branch and temperature is risen to 1520 ℃ after qualified, adds vanadium iron, aluminium, ferrotianium and ferro-boron successively and heats up, and comes out of the stove after liquid steel temperature reaches 1580 ℃;
3. rare earth ferrosilicon is crushed to the fritter that granularity is 8～12mm, after 200 ℃ of oven dry, places ladle bottom, molten steel is carried out the rotten processing of rare earth with pouring method in the bag;
2) preliminary treatment high-boron high-speed steel liquid before the cast:
As shown in Figure 1, when the temperature of high-boron high-speed steel liquid reaches more than the liquidus temperature 70 ℃, make its inclination coldplate cooling of flowing through, inclination coldplate material is a casting pig, and apply the BN coating that a layer thickness is 1.2mm at inclination coldplate and molten steel contact site, inclination coldplate length 1000mm, 45 ° at coldplate angle of inclination;
3) centrifugal casting high-boron high-speed steel composite roller:
1. will pour in the metal mold that rotates at a high speed on centrifuge through the cooled high-boron high-speed steel liquid of inclination coldplate, the casting mold rotating speed is pressed following formula and is determined:
In the formula: n
1The casting mold revolution (r/min) at-cast initial stage, γ-high-boron high-speed steel liquation density (g/cm
3), r-high-boron high-speed steel body of roll inside radius (cm), β
1-adjustment coefficient (high-boron high-speed steel is 1.9);
2. after high-boron high-speed steel liquation cast finishes, the casting mold of water spray cooling immediately, when high-boron high-speed steel body of roll internal surface temperature is higher than 20 ℃ of its solidus temperatures, cast high-carbon half steel intermediate layer, it is definite that intermediate layer thickness 12mm, casting mold rotating speed press following formula:
In the formula: n
2Casting mold revolution (r/min) during-cast intermediate layer, R-intermediate layer inside radius (cm), β
2-adjustment coefficient (intermediate layer is 1.1);
3. poured into a mould 75% o'clock in the intermediate layer, pour into the glass slag with stream, the glass slag amount of pouring into is the square meter intermediate layer internal surface area 3.0kg of unit, when the intermediate layer temperature is lower than 10 ℃ of solidus temperatures, cast roller core alloy nodular cast iron, the alloy nodular cast iron pouring temperature is 1440 ℃;
4) heat treatment high-boron high-speed steel composite roller
High-boron high-speed steel composite roller is heated to 580 ℃ with stove after roughing, behind the insulation 5h, and air cooling; Behind 510 ℃ of insulation 7h, stove is chilled to 200 ℃ subsequently, and air cooling after the fine finishining, obtains the high-boron high-speed steel composite roller (see figure 2).
The outer main component of composite roll is 0.54%C, 1.81%B, and 5.02%Cr, 0.29%Mo, 0.74%V, 1.35%Ni, 2.68%W, surplus is Fe.Roll surface hardness 83.7HSD, roller core tensile strength 494Mpa, roller core percentage elongation 5.8%.
1) melting high-boron high-speed steel liquid
1. with ordinary scrap steel, carburant, ferrochrome, ferrotungsten, nickel plate and the fusing of molybdenum-iron Hybrid Heating, the molten clear back of molten steel adds ferrosilicon pre-deoxidation and alloying;
2. the stokehold is adjusted to branch and temperature is risen to 1540 ℃ after qualified, adds vanadium iron, aluminium, ferrotianium and ferro-boron successively and heats up, and comes out of the stove after liquid steel temperature reaches 1560 ℃;
3. rare earth ferrosilicon is crushed to the fritter that granularity is 8～12mm, after 180 ℃ of oven dry, places ladle bottom, molten steel is carried out the rotten processing of rare earth with pouring method in the bag;
2) preliminary treatment high-boron high-speed steel liquid before the cast
As shown in Figure 1, when the temperature of high-boron high-speed steel liquid reaches more than the liquidus temperature 60 ℃, make its inclination coldplate cooling of flowing through, inclination coldplate material is a casting pig, and apply the BN coating that a layer thickness is 0.8mm at inclination coldplate and molten steel contact site, inclination coldplate length 800mm, 60 ° at coldplate angle of inclination;
3) high-boron high-speed steel composite roller centrifugal casting
1. will pour in the metal mold that rotates at a high speed on centrifuge through the cooled high-boron high-speed steel liquid of inclination coldplate, the casting mold rotating speed is pressed following formula and is determined:
In the formula: n
1The casting mold revolution (r/min) at-cast initial stage, γ-high-boron high-speed steel liquation density (g/cm
3), r-high-boron high-speed steel body of roll inside radius (cm), β
1-adjustment coefficient (high-boron high-speed steel is 2.0).
2. after high-boron high-speed steel liquation cast finishes, the casting mold of water spray cooling immediately, when high-boron high-speed steel body of roll internal surface temperature is higher than 30 ℃ of its solidus temperatures, cast graphitic steel intermediate layer, it is definite that intermediate layer thickness 8mm, casting mold rotating speed press following formula:
In the formula: n
2Casting mold revolution (r/min) during-cast intermediate layer, R-intermediate layer inside radius (cm), β
2-adjustment coefficient (intermediate layer is 1.0).
3. poured into a mould 70% o'clock in the intermediate layer, pours into the glass slag with stream, and the glass slag amount of pouring into is the square meter intermediate layer internal surface area 5.0kg of unit, when the intermediate layer temperature is lower than 15 ℃ of solidus temperatures, and cast roller core cast steel, the cast steel pouring temperature is 1530 ℃;
4) high-boron high-speed steel composite roller heat treatment
High-boron high-speed steel composite roller is heated to 550 ℃ with stove after roughing, behind the insulation 6h, and air cooling; Behind 520 ℃ of insulation 6h, stove is chilled to 250 ℃ subsequently, and air cooling after the fine finishining, obtains the high-boron high-speed steel composite roller (see figure 2).
The outer main component of composite roll is 0.69%C, 1.56%B, and 4.87%Cr, 2.29%Mo, 0.55%V, 1.80%Ni, 0.41%W, surplus is Fe.Roll surface hardness 85.1HSD, roller core tensile strength 785Mpa, roller core percentage elongation 9.1%.
The high-boron high-speed steel composite roller that the present invention is prepared is used for the rolling φ 12mm of bar mill finishing stand screw-thread steel, single groove steel transportation amount reaches 480～510t, common high-speed steel roll is 360～390t, nickelic bainite ductile iron roll is 90～120t, and high nickel chromium triangle infinitely chilled ductile cast iron roll only is 60～80t.High-boron high-speed steel composite roller roll surface hardness of the present invention is even, and wearability and thermal fatigue resistance are good, is used for steel rolling and produces, can prolong roll campaign, reduce the stocking production cost, improve the stocking surface quality, improve operating rate of rolling mill, have remarkable economical and social benefit.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of manufacture method of centrifugal casting high-boron high-speed steel composite roller is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) melting high-boron high-speed steel liquid:
1. with ordinary scrap steel, the pig iron or carburant, ferrochrome, ferrotungsten, nickel plate and the fusing of molybdenum-iron Hybrid Heating, the molten clear back of molten steel adds ferrosilicon pre-deoxidation and alloying;
2. the stokehold is adjusted to branch and temperature is risen to 1500～1540 ℃ after qualified, adds vanadium iron, aluminium, ferrotianium and ferro-boron successively and heats up, and comes out of the stove after liquid steel temperature reaches 1550～1580 ℃;
3. rare earth ferrosilicon is crushed to the fritter that granularity is 8～12mm, after 180～220 ℃ of oven dry, places ladle bottom, molten steel is carried out the rotten processing of rare earth, obtain high-boron high-speed steel liquid with pouring method in the bag;
2) preliminary treatment high-boron high-speed steel liquid:
When the temperature of high-boron high-speed steel liquid reaches more than the liquidus temperature 60～80 ℃, with the inclination coldplate cooling of flowing through of high-boron high-speed steel liquid;
3) centrifugal casting high-boron high-speed steel composite roller:
1. will pour in the metal mold that rotates on centrifuge through the cooled high-boron high-speed steel liquid of inclination coldplate, the casting mold rotating speed is pressed following formula and is determined:
In the formula: n
1The casting mold revolution r/min at-cast initial stage, γ-high-boron high-speed steel liquation density g/cm
3, r-high-boron high-speed steel body of roll inside radius cm, β
1-adjustment coefficient, high-boron high-speed steel are 1.8～2.0;
2. after the high-boron high-speed steel liquid castable finishes, water spray cooling casting mold, when high-boron high-speed steel body of roll internal surface temperature is higher than 10～30 ℃ of its solidus temperatures, cast high-carbon half steel or graphitic steel intermediate layer, it is definite that intermediate layer thickness 8～15mm, casting mold rotating speed press following formula:
In the formula: n
2Casting mold revolution r/min during-cast intermediate layer, R-intermediate layer inside radius cm, β
2-adjustment coefficient, intermediate layer are 1.0～1.2;
3. the intermediate layer cast is 70～80% o'clock, pour into the glass slag with stream, the glass slag amount of pouring into is per unit square meter intermediate layer internal surface area 2.0～5.0kg glass slag, when the intermediate layer temperature is lower than 0～15 ℃ of its solidus temperature, cast roller core cast steel or alloy nodular cast iron, wherein, the cast steel pouring temperature is 1500-1540 ℃, and the alloy nodular cast iron pouring temperature is 1420-1460 ℃;
4) heat treatment high-boron high-speed steel composite roller:
High-boron high-speed steel composite roller after roughing, is heated to 550～600 ℃, behind insulation 3～6h, air cooling; Behind 500～520 ℃ of insulation 6～8h, stove is chilled to 150～250 ℃ subsequently, air cooling, and fine finishining obtains high-boron high-speed steel composite roller;
The length of the coldplate wherein, step 2) is 800～1200mm; The angle of inclination of described coldplate and ground level is 30 °～60 °.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that step 2) described in the material of coldplate be casting pig.
3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that step 2) described in the one side that contacts with molten steel of coldplate apply the BN coating that a layer thickness is 0.5～2.0mm.
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| CN111283175B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-11-09 | 南京理工大学 | Device and method for casting heterogeneous metal bar |
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| CN113172213B (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-06-03 | 燕山大学 | Casting method of centrifugal composite roller |
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Assignee: Western Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. of Gansu Jiuquan Iron & Steel Group Assignor: Beijing University of Technology Contract record no.: 2010990000318 Denomination of invention: Centrifugal casting production method of high-boron high-speed steel composite roller Granted publication date: 20100127 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20090527 Record date: 20100526 |
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