CN104178684A - Smelting method of chromium-molybdenum-copper-nickel-tin-antimony low-alloy wear-resistant cast iron - Google Patents
Smelting method of chromium-molybdenum-copper-nickel-tin-antimony low-alloy wear-resistant cast iron Download PDFInfo
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- CN104178684A CN104178684A CN201410445674.2A CN201410445674A CN104178684A CN 104178684 A CN104178684 A CN 104178684A CN 201410445674 A CN201410445674 A CN 201410445674A CN 104178684 A CN104178684 A CN 104178684A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a smelting method of a chromium-molybdenum-copper-nickel-tin-antimony low-alloy wear-resistant cast iron, which comprises the following steps: raw material weighing: preparing and weighing raw materials and alloys according to the prescribed material specifications and weight proportion; smelting: sequentially adding the materials according to the technical charging sequence, and melting, wherein refractory molybdenum iron, chromium iron and pure nickel are added in the middle of the pig iron batch charging process, and scrap steel is added; component adjustment: adding silicon iron and manganese iron to adjust to acceptable components, heating, and adding a copper block which can be easily damaged by fire; and late inoculation in casting ladle: before tapping and after preheating the casting ladle, adding a tin block (accounting for 0.05% of the raw materials) and an antimony block (accounting for 0.01% of the raw materials) to the bottom of the ladle, and adding late inoculation silicon granules into the molten iron in the ladle in the casting process. The method solves the problem that the high-melting alloy added after all the iron liquid is completely molten is refractory, is capable of shortening the melting time and enhancing the smelting efficiency, promotes the formation of the fine lamellar pearlite, and ensures the element components, mechanical properties and metallurgical structure of the casting to simultaneously satisfy the requirements.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Cast Iron Melting Technique field, the particularly molten melting method of the Low Alloy Wear Resistant Cast Iron such as chromium, molybdenum, copper, nickel, tin, antimony, to ensure that the each elementary composition of foundry goods, mechanical property, metallographic structure all reach requirement.
Background technology
By add certain proportion alloy in graphitic cast iron, improve matrix, refine pearlite and improve graphite line form, effectively improve the mechanical property of cast iron, particularly improve high-speed abrasion-proof.
The content of Low Alloy Wear Resistant Cast Iron carbon of the present invention is 3.0～3.2%, the content 1.5～1.8% of silicon, the content of manganese is 0.65～0.85%, the content 0.15～0.2% of chromium, the content of molybdenum is 0.8～1.0%, the content of nickel is 0.3～0.4%, copper content 2.0～2.3%, tin content 0.04～0.08%, sulphur content is less than 0.10%, and phosphorus content is less than 0.15%, and other composition summations are not more than 0.25%, mainly apply to 20 tons of above express elevator traction wheels of load-carrying, large coal mine high speed hoisting cable wheel etc.More than this Low Alloy Wear Resistant Cast Iron tensile strength reaches 320MPa, coupon hardness HB230～300, casting hardness HB220～300; Graphite line A type distributes, 4～5 grades of length; Matrix is fine pearlite, and its quantity is more than or equal to 95%; Ferrite content is no more than 5%, and carbide and iron phosphide eutectic content are not more than 1%.Chromium after processing, molybdenum, copper, nickel, tin, antimony Low Alloy Wear Resistant Cast Iron traction wheel, by the wireline of after-combustion on cylindrical grooving, drive the lifting of elevator high-speed smooth, has higher wear resistance, security.
But in existing low-alloy cast iron melting method, because alloy melting point is higher, ubiquity adds the infusibility problem of high-meltiing alloy after the fusing completely of iron liquid again, has extended fusing time, and has been difficult to ensure that alloy melting is thorough; Also easily produce the problem that metallographic structure is defective, mechanical property is not up to standard of cast iron simultaneously.In order to make elementary composition, mechanical property, the metallographic structure of cast iron required for the present invention all reach requirement and improve smelting efficiency, the defect of melting method before need to overcoming.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the defect that overcomes prior art, provide one make the alloying element content controls such as chromium, molybdenum, copper, nickel, tin, antimony in the reasonable scope, refinement increase perlite, ensure in ironcasting that flake graphite is non-directional and be uniformly distributed, the melting method of the Low Alloy Wear Resistant Cast Iron of smelting efficiency is effectively controlled and improve to ferrite, carbide equal size.
Technical scheme: Yi Zhongge, molybdenum, copper, nickel, tin Low Alloy Wear Resistant Cast Iron melting method, it uses medium-frequency induction furnace, comprises processing steps such as taking the interior late inoculation processing of furnace charge, melting, composition adjustment and casting ladle; Material specification according to the rules and weight proportion ratio, prepare and take starting material and alloy; By technique order of addition(of ingredients) successively reinforced fusing, in the middle of pig iron batch of material enters stove process, add molybdenum-iron, ferrochrome and the pure nickel of infusibility, then add steel scrap; After fusing, add ferrosilicon, ferromanganese to adjust composition to qualified, then heat up and add the copper billet of easy scaling loss, be warming up to tapping temperature; 0.05% block tin and 0.01% antimony regulus that before molten iron discharging, after preheating casting ladle, add furnace charge to weigh at the bag end, promote fine pearlite to form, and when cast, in bag, molten iron adds floating silicon late inoculation.
Described taking in furnace charge step, the material specification of starting material and alloy and weight proportion ratio are as follows: the Q12 pig iron 72%, low-carbon waste steel 28%, 75 ferrosilicon 0.5%, 65 ferromanganese 1.2%, silicon titanate innoculant 0.5%, 55 ferrochrome 0.3%, 55 molybdenum-irons 1.9%, fine copper 2.2%, pure nickel 0.35%, pure tin 0.05%, star antimony 0.01%, late inoculation silicon grain 0.2%;
In described melting step, in the middle of pig iron batch of material enters stove process, add molybdenum-iron, ferrochrome and nickel plate, then add steel scrap to melt thermometric, in the time that molten iron temperature in stove reaches 1390 DEG C～1410 DEG C, deslagging agent slag making slagging-off is spread in blowing out;
In described composition set-up procedure, start electric furnace and add ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, be warmed up to 1490 DEG C～1510 DEG C and do the analysis of Quench sample direct reading spectroscopic instrument, as off analysis continue to adjust to qualified, the content of guaranteeing institute's carbon containing in cast iron is 3.0～3.2%, the content of silicon is 1.2～1.4%, the content of manganese is 0.65～0.85%, the content of chromium is 0.15～0.2%, the content of molybdenum is 0.8～1.0%, the content of nickel is 0.3～0.4%, then while being warming up to 1540 DEG C～1560 DEG C, add copper billet, continue to be warming up to 1580 DEG C, spread perlite slag making slagging-off, after adding silicon titanate innoculant, molten iron is come out of the stove, before molten iron discharging, casting ladle is preheating to garnet, 0.05% block tin and 0.01% antimony regulus that add furnace charge to weigh at the bag end, gone out to spread in hot metal ladle perlite and done slag making slagging-off and process, after spread insulating covering agent covering and heat insulating,
In the interior late inoculation treatment step of described casting ladle, after pouring the molten iron drossing of casting ladle into, use thermocouple thermometer thermometric, when temperature is during at 1380～1400 DEG C, push slag aside and add late inoculation silicon grain, blow off the floating sand of bag mouth, put pushing off the slag rock wool, bag mouth is aimed at sprue cup and is first watered and water soon slowly, pours into a mould to receive stream when complete again and water slowly soon, and when cast, being full of all the time running channel must not stop, after filling type, note teeming molten iron, when feeding head is full of, cover heat-generating agent.
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect: the present invention adds molybdenum-iron, ferrochrome and the nickel plate of infusibility in the middle of pig iron batch of material enters stove, then add steel scrap to melt, solve the infusibility problem that adds again high-meltiing alloy after the fusing completely of iron liquid, both can reduce fusing time, improve smelting efficiency, ensure that again fusing thoroughly; The tin, the antimony that in casting ladle of the present invention, add low melting point, technique is simple, easy to operate, and specific absorption is high, has promoted the formation of fine pearlite; The each elementary composition of foundry goods, mechanical property, the simultaneously qualified requirement of metallographic structure are ensured.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the graphite structure metallograph (100 times) of Low Alloy Wear Resistant Cast Iron of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the matrix metallograph (100 times) of Low Alloy Wear Resistant Cast Iron of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following stated.
Embodiment 1:
Make the melting method of chromium, molybdenum, copper, nickel, tin, antimony Low Alloy Wear Resistant Cast Iron part, comprise technological processs such as taking the interior late inoculation processing of furnace charge, melting, composition adjustment and casting ladle, use the melting of 500Kg medium-frequency induction furnace, furnace charge used is as follows: the QT12 pig iron 72%, low-carbon waste steel 28%, 55 ferrochrome 0.3%, 55 molybdenum-irons 1.9%, pure nickel 0.35%; In the time carrying out melting, add 1/2 pig iron after layering add molybdenum-iron, ferrochrome and nickel plate, fusing limit, limit adds steel scrap, has melted thermometric, molten iron temperature reaches 1408 DEG C when thermometric for the third time, deslagging agent slag making slagging-off is spread in blowing out; After slagging-off is clean, start electric furnace and add 75 ferrosilicon 0.5%, 65 ferromanganese 1.2%, being warmed up to 1500 DEG C makees Quench sample and send the analysis of direct reading spectroscopic instrument, the content of composition carbon is 3.12%, the content 1.23% of silicon, the content of manganese is 0.75%, the content 0.173% of chromium, the content of molybdenum is 0.932%, and the content of nickel is 0.34%; While being warming up to 1552 DEG C, add tough cathode
2.2%, continue to be warming up to 1580 DEG C, spread and add nucleating agent molten iron after perlite slag making slagging-off and come out of the stove.0.05% block tin and 0.01% antimony regulus that at the bottom of being preheating to bolarious casting ladle, add furnace charge to weigh; Go out in hot metal ladle and done slag making slagging-off processing, spread insulating covering agent covering and heat insulating; After pouring the molten iron drossing of casting ladle into, use thermocouple thermometer thermometric, 1386 DEG C of temperature, push slag aside and add 0.2% late inoculation silicon grain, blow off the floating sand of bag mouth, put pushing off the slag rock wool, bag mouth is aimed at sprue cup and is first watered and water soon slowly, pour into a mould and receive again stream when complete and water slowly soon, when cast, be full of all the time running channel and do not stop, fill after type teeming molten iron 3 times, 6 feeding heads cover heat-generating agent while being full of.
The survey report of providing through Ministry of Information Industry's proprietary material quality test center proves, the chromium, molybdenum, copper, nickel, tin, the antimony Low Alloy Wear Resistant Cast Iron chemical composition that after casting, obtain are as follows: C 3.12%, Si 1.68%, Mn 0.82%, P 0.033%, S 0.030%, Cr 0.185%, Ni 0.345, Mo0.921%, Cu 2.18%, Sn 0.045%, graphite is A type, 4 grades of graphite length, matrix is perlite 98%, tensile strength sigma b is 342MPa, hardness HB269.
Embodiment 2:
Make the melting method of chromium, molybdenum, copper, nickel, tin, antimony Low Alloy Wear Resistant Cast Iron part, comprise technological processs such as taking the interior late inoculation processing of furnace charge, melting, composition adjustment and casting ladle, use the melting of 1000Kg medium-frequency induction furnace, furnace charge used is as follows: the QT12 pig iron 72%, low-carbon waste steel 28%, 55 ferrochrome 0.3%, 55 molybdenum-irons 1.9%, pure nickel 0.35%; In the time carrying out melting, add 1/2 pig iron after layering add molybdenum-iron, ferrochrome and nickel plate, fusing limit, limit adds steel scrap, has melted thermometric, when molten iron temperature reaches 1402 DEG C, deslagging agent slag making slagging-off is spread in blowing out; After slagging-off is clean, start electric furnace and add 75 ferrosilicon 0.5%, 65 ferromanganese 1.2%, being warmed up to 1508 DEG C makees Quench sample and send the analysis of direct reading spectroscopic instrument, composition: the content of carbon is 3.14%, the content 1.26% of silicon, the content of manganese is 0.78%, the content 0.168% of chromium, the content of molybdenum is 0.915%, and the content of nickel is 0.341%; While being warming up to 1551 DEG C, add tough cathode 2.2%, continue to be warming up to 1582 DEG C, spread perlite slag making slagging-off and add nucleating agent molten iron and come out of the stove successively.0.05% block tin and 0.01% antimony regulus that at the bottom of being preheating to bolarious 1 ton of casting ladle, add furnace charge to weigh; Go out in hot metal ladle and done slag making slagging-off processing, spread insulating covering agent covering and heat insulating; After pouring the molten iron drossing of casting ladle into, use thermocouple thermometer thermometric, 1396 DEG C of temperature, 1385 DEG C, blowing off the floating sand of bag mouth pushs slag aside and adds 0.2% late inoculation silicon grain bonnet pushing off the slag cotton, bag mouth is aimed at sprue cup and is first watered and water soon slowly, pours into a mould to receive stream when complete again and water slowly soon, is full of all the time running channel and does not stop when cast, fill after type teeming molten iron 4 times, 7 feeding heads cover heat-generating agent while being full of.
The survey report of providing through Ministry of Information Industry's proprietary material quality test center proves, the chromium, molybdenum, copper, nickel, tin, the antimony Low Alloy Wear Resistant Cast Iron chemical composition that after casting, obtain are as follows: C 3.09%, Si 1.59%, Mn 0.76%, P 0.037%, S 0.024%, Cr 0.17%, Ni 0.35, Mo 0.905%, Cu 2.21%, Sn 0.046%, graphite is A type, 4 grades of graphite length, matrix is perlite 96%, tensile strength sigma b is 375MPa, hardness HB258.
Claims (5)
1. chromium, molybdenum, copper, nickel, tin, an antimony Low Alloy Wear Resistant Cast Iron melting method, is characterized in that, comprises and take late inoculation treatment process steps in furnace charge, melting, composition adjustment and casting ladle; Material specification according to the rules and weight proportion ratio, prepare and take starting material and alloy; By technique order of addition(of ingredients) successively reinforced fusing, in the middle of pig iron batch of material enters stove process, add molybdenum-iron, ferrochrome and the pure nickel of infusibility, then add steel scrap; After fusing, add ferrosilicon, ferromanganese to adjust composition to qualified, then heat up and add the copper billet of easy scaling loss, be warming up to tapping temperature; 0.05% block tin and 0.01% antimony regulus that before molten iron discharging, after preheating casting ladle, add furnace charge to weigh at the bag end, promote fine pearlite to form, and when cast, in bag, molten iron adds the floating grain of late inoculation.
2. Low Alloy Wear Resistant Cast Iron melting method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in take in furnace charge step, the material specification of starting material and alloy and weight proportion ratio are as follows: the Q12 pig iron 72%, low-carbon waste steel 28%, 75 ferrosilicon 0.5%, 65 ferromanganese 1.2%, silicon titanate innoculant 0.5%, 55 ferrochrome 0.3%, 55 molybdenum-irons 1.90%, fine copper 2.2%, pure nickel 0.35%, pure tin 0.05%, star antimony 0.01%, late inoculation silicon grain 0.2%.
3. Low Alloy Wear Resistant Cast Iron melting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described melting step, in the middle of entering stove process, pig iron batch of material adds molybdenum-iron, ferrochrome and nickel plate, then add steel scrap to melt thermometric, when molten iron temperature in stove reaches 1390～1410 DEG C, deslagging agent slag making slagging-off is spread in blowing out.
4. Low Alloy Wear Resistant Cast Iron melting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described composition set-up procedure, start electric furnace and add ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, be warmed up to 1490～1510 DEG C and do the analysis of Quench sample direct reading spectroscopic instrument, as off analysis continue to adjust to qualified, the content of guaranteeing institute's carbon containing in cast iron is 3.0～3.2%, the content of silicon is 1.2～1.4%, the content of manganese is 0.65～0.85%, the content of chromium is 0.15～0.2%, the content of molybdenum is 0.8～1.0%, the content of nickel is 0.3～0.4%, then while being warming up to 1490～1510 DEG C, add copper billet, continue to be warming up to 1580 DEG C, spread perlite slag making slagging-off, after adding silicon titanate innoculant, molten iron is come out of the stove, before molten iron discharging, casting ladle is preheating to garnet, 0.05% block tin and 0.01% antimony regulus that add furnace charge to weigh at the bag end, gone out to do in hot metal ladle slag making slagging-off and processed, after spread insulating covering agent covering and heat insulating.
5. Low Alloy Wear Resistant Cast Iron melting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the interior late inoculation treatment step of described casting ladle, after pouring the molten iron drossing of casting ladle into, use thermocouple thermometer thermometric, push slag aside and add late inoculation silicon grain lid pushing off the slag cotton when temperature blows off the floating sand of bag mouth during at 1380～1400 DEG C, bag mouth is aimed at sprue cup and is first watered and water soon slowly, pour into a mould and receive again stream when complete and water slowly soon, when cast, being full of all the time running channel must not stop, fill teeming molten iron after type, when feeding head is full of, cover heat-generating agent.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN104911458A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-09-16 | 苏州劲元油压机械有限公司 | Hydraulic pump body casting process |
| CN106947909A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-07-14 | 合肥智慧殿投资管理有限公司 | A kind of automobile brake drum material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108315631A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-07-24 | 深圳市金合联供应链技术有限公司 | A kind of grate high-strength gray cast iron and preparation method thereof |
| CN113444963A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-28 | 河北裕龙科技股份有限公司 | Production process of cylinder body for high-density high-performance high-speed rail |
| CN114395659A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-04-26 | 盛瑞传动股份有限公司 | Full-automatic batching system that adds of electric stove |
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| CN108315631A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-07-24 | 深圳市金合联供应链技术有限公司 | A kind of grate high-strength gray cast iron and preparation method thereof |
| CN113444963A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-28 | 河北裕龙科技股份有限公司 | Production process of cylinder body for high-density high-performance high-speed rail |
| CN114395659A (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-04-26 | 盛瑞传动股份有限公司 | Full-automatic batching system that adds of electric stove |
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Application publication date: 20141203 |