CN1071385A - 具有流线型外廓的物体特别是船的稳定翼板 - Google Patents

具有流线型外廓的物体特别是船的稳定翼板 Download PDF

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CN1071385A
CN1071385A CN92110635A CN92110635A CN1071385A CN 1071385 A CN1071385 A CN 1071385A CN 92110635 A CN92110635 A CN 92110635A CN 92110635 A CN92110635 A CN 92110635A CN 1071385 A CN1071385 A CN 1071385A
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eddy current
keel
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ship
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CN1052201C (zh
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H·-G·埃勒斯
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Blohm and Voss GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14—Hull parts
    • B63B3/38—Keels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
    • B63B39/06—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using foils acting on ambient water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
    • B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
    • B63H1/14—Propellers
    • B63H1/26—Blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
    • B63H25/38—Rudders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C23/00—Influencing air flow over aircraft surfaces, not otherwise provided for
    • B64C23/06—Influencing air flow over aircraft surfaces, not otherwise provided for by generating vortices
    • B64C23/065—Influencing air flow over aircraft surfaces, not otherwise provided for by generating vortices at the wing tips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B2035/009—Wind propelled vessels comprising arrangements, installations or devices specially adapted therefor, other than wind propulsion arrangements, installations, or devices, such as sails, running rigging, or the like, and other than sailboards or the like or related equipment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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  • Wind Motors (AREA)
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  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
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  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
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Abstract

一个具有流线型外廓的物体与承载体、最好是船 体固定且自由延伸，该物体例如是翼板稳定器或船舵 板或龙骨型帆船游艇上的龙骨翼板。有多个肋被固 定在该物体的自由端处，且由此向外自由伸展，这些 肋相互隔开并平行于物体的对称面。肋的长度约为 物体总长的1/10至1/20，由此使物体端部形成的 涡流被抑制或减少。

Description

本发明涉及一种与船体连接的、具有流线型外廓且对称于其纵向中心面的物体。该物体在垂直于其纵向延伸线的平面内承受某种直线流动的流体介质、特别是海水的冲击。该物体沿纵向的一个端头与一个承载体、最好与船体可摆动地和/或可转动地或固定地连接。在其另一端的区段内则采用减少该物体端部涡流的方法，所述涡流是在物体纵向中心面与介质入流方向间存在夹角的条件下产生的。
这类物体可在其流动介质的排流面上获得压力降低，而在其流动介质的人流面上获得压力升高。
这种现象导致在物体的自由端产生环流，引起的压力平衡，并由此产生一种高能量的端部涡流，即所谓的涡流梢。
这种涡流必然要消耗能量，这对于在液体介质中移动的物体、特别是诸如船只的推进功率具有不良的影响。
人们已经提出了在稳定翼板等物体上减少上述涡流梢的方法（见DE-PS1956032）。这种方法是在该物体的自由端附近的区域内，也就是在端盖的区域内，设置若干与流体流动方向倾斜的，从前至后贯通的通道，介质从其前端开口流入，经该通道后又从其后部流出。
这种已知方案尽管对于抑制上述涡流有一定效果，但它不仅减少了流动面积，而且造成制造和工艺方面的困难。
另外，由于通道中有水流，因而促使因流速的不连续变化引起的洞穴现象，从而导致一些不理想的现象，例如物体上的材料剥蚀，水下的噪音以及摆振现象。
本发明的任务在于，使上述缺陷和弊端得以克服或减少到最小程度。
本发明的任务是通过如下技术方案来实现的。本发明提供一种减小涡流形成的方法，该方法是设置多个最好是6个相互分开且相互平行的肋（R1-R6），这些肋均平行于该物体的纵向中心面。它们固定在物体端部并由此向外自由地延伸，其长度约为物体（1）总长的1/10至1/20，最好是1/15，所述长度均为沿物体（1）的纵向对称轴（A）方向测量值。
这些从物体端部向外自由延伸的、相互为邻设置的肋及存在于它们之间的缝隙不减少物体的有效入流面积，其造价相对较低，而且并不削弱物体本身的横截面。
这样也消除了产生洞穴的条件，因为，如上所述，这些肋处于人流面积之外，从而不会导致入流损失。
US-PS3931781中尽管公开了一种用于船只的稳定翼板，其上设置有三个以上相互隔开，相互平行且均与海水流入方向平行的板。但这些板不仅延伸到自由端的端部区域内而且延伸到翼板的整个表面上，因而从工艺及流动技术的角度看，这种方案劣于本发明的紧凑的、流线型的物体。
根据本发明的主题，可以采用各种实施形式和适当的尺寸。
肋R1-R6的壁厚与肋的间距之比为1∶3至1∶5，最好1∶4。
肋R1-R6的自由端这样布置，使其端盖向外呈拱形、且与物体（1）的轮廓（P）的侧壁相配。
在具有主体（1）的两段式物体（1、2）上，在与主体铰接的副体（2）上设置有相应的肋（R7、R8），它们在副体（2）上构成一定的间隙。
上述各实施形式也可用于船只的稳定翼板、或用于基本上垂直地纵向延伸的舵板、或用于龙骨型帆船-游艇的龙骨翼板。
在具有设置在龙骨翼板自由端的压舱体的龙骨翼板上，肋被制为由该压舱体仲出，或紧靠该压舱体。
以下将参照附图介绍本发明物体的最佳实施例，该物体是用于船上的两段式翼板稳定器。
图1为俯视图;
图2为正视图;
图3为侧视图。
图1中表示了主翼板的总廓。在主翼板上铰接有一个副翼板2。主翼板1在其端部逐渐形成一个椭圆形法兰盘3，该法兰盘用若干个螺栓5（图中仅表示了其中的一个）固定在可绕翼板纵轴A转动的翼板轴6上。
主翼板1在其法兰侧的分段1b的厚度朝法兰盘3的方向上略呈锥形厚度渐增，而其另一段1a则为等壁厚形状。
主翼板1在其横截面上呈流线形、且具有相对其纵向中心面对称的轮廓P。该轮廓如图3所示，通常为水滴状。在翼板段1a的自由端处固定有6个平肋R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6;它们彼此相间，彼此平行，而且都平行于主翼板的纵向中心面。
R1至R6之间的缝隙大小均相等，在本实施例中，该间隙为肋壁厚的4倍。在本实施例中，肋的边缘应构成在翼板上向外弯曲的外包络面，其横截面的轮廓与相配的端盖对应。
副翼板2上同样配置有肋R7、R8，该肋相互不平行，而是平行于副翼板2的入流面、或排流面。
由此而得到的射流效应有益于抑制在主翼板1上产生的涡流。
前面所述的用于减少涡流的方法不仅可用于所述的稳定翼板，而且可用于所有流线形的翼板型式的物体，在这些物体上，水的入流方向与翼板形物体的纵向中心面间始终或经常呈一定的角度。
这也可用于水上运输工具的舵板，舵板基本上垂直地纵向延伸。还可用于龙骨形帆船的龙骨翼板，其中在操纵舵板时，特别是当游艇处于十字交叉航道时，上述角度总是保持着。

Claims (8)

1、一种与船体连接的，具有流线型外廓且对称于其纵向中心面的物体，该物体在垂直于其纵向延伸的方向上承受某种直线流动的流体介质、特别是海水的冲击，该物体纵向上的一端与一个承载体、最好与船体可摆动地和/或可转动地或固定地连接，在其另一端的区段内采用减少在该物体端部因物体纵向中心面与介质入流方向的夹角产生的涡流的结构，其特征在于，减少涡流形成的结构是设置多个最好是6个相互分开且相互平行的肋R1-R6，这些肋均平行于该物体的纵向中心面，它们固定在物体的端部并由此向外自由地延伸，肋长度约为物体(1)总长的1/10至1/20，最好为1/15，所述物体(1)的长度均为沿物体(1)的纵向中心轴(A)方向的测量值。
2、如权利要求1所述的物体，其特征在于，肋R1-R6的壁厚与肋的间距之比为1∶3至1∶5，最好为1∶4。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的物体，其特征在于，肋R1-R6的自由端这样布置，使其端盖向外呈拱形且与物体（1）的轮廓（P）的侧壁相配。
4、如权利要求1至3之一所述的物体，其特征在于，在具有主体（1）的两段式物体（1、2）上，在与主体铰接的副体（2）上设置有相应的肋R7、R8，它们在副体（2）上也形成一定的间隙。
5、如权利要求1至4之一所述的减少涡流形成的措施可用于船的稳定翼板。
6、如权利要求1至4之一所述的减少涡流形成的措施可用于船上基本上垂直地纵向延伸的舵板。
7、如权利要求1至4之一所述的减少涡流形成的措施可用于龙骨型帆船-游艇的龙骨翼板。
8、如权利要求7所述的应用，其特征在于，在龙骨翼板的自由端处设置有压舱物的情形下，肋被设置为由该压舱体处伸出，或紧靠该压舱体。
CN92110635A 1991-09-04 1992-09-04 具有流线形轮廓的物体,特别是船用的减摇鳍 Expired - Fee Related CN1052201C (zh)

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DEP4129358.4 1991-09-04
DE4129358 1991-09-04
DEP4202745.4 1992-01-31
DE4202745A DE4202745C2 (de) 1991-09-04 1992-01-31 Tragflügel, insbesondere Stabilisatorflosse für Schiffe

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CN1071385A true CN1071385A (zh) 1993-04-28
CN1052201C CN1052201C (zh) 2000-05-10

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US (1) US5365870A (zh)
JP (1) JP3306115B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR100253669B1 (zh)
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DE (1) DE4202745C2 (zh)
DK (1) DK172591B1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2064219B1 (zh)
FI (1) FI103778B (zh)
FR (1) FR2680838B1 (zh)
GB (1) GB2259279B (zh)
GR (1) GR1002533B (zh)
IT (1) IT1255759B (zh)
NL (1) NL193905C (zh)
NO (1) NO301532B1 (zh)
PT (1) PT100842B (zh)
SE (1) SE507657C2 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1071664C (zh) * 1996-03-20 2001-09-26 布隆福斯工业有限公司 导流装置

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JP2000508271A (ja) * 1996-04-15 2000-07-04 ブローム ウント フォス インターナショナル ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング 船舶のプロペラの羽根
CN101934465B (zh) * 2009-07-01 2012-01-11 中国长江航运集团南京金陵船厂 一种减摇鳍安装工艺
DE202009010904U1 (de) * 2009-08-17 2010-12-30 Becker Marine Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Tragflügel für Wasserfahrzeuge
US8534211B2 (en) * 2009-09-18 2013-09-17 Naiad Maritime Group, Inc. Variable geometry fin
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KR200459934Y1 (ko) 2011-12-21 2012-04-20 주식회사 크로시스 축 보조 링의 추가 및 끝단판의 구조 개선을 통한 함정용 안정기의 캐비테이션 저감 및 로프 걸림 방지 장치

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ES2064219B1 (es) 1998-07-01
FR2680838B1 (fr) 1995-07-28
FR2680838A1 (fr) 1993-03-05
PT100842B (pt) 2000-02-29
SE9202527L (sv) 1993-03-05
NL193905C (nl) 2001-02-05
NO923159D0 (no) 1992-08-13
DE4202745A1 (de) 1993-03-11
FI103778B1 (fi) 1999-09-30
DE4202745C2 (de) 1995-04-13
DK109892A (da) 1993-03-05
ITMI922053A0 (it) 1992-09-03
JP3306115B2 (ja) 2002-07-24
CN1052201C (zh) 2000-05-10
GB2259279A (en) 1993-03-10
JPH05193567A (ja) 1993-08-03
NL193905B (nl) 2000-10-02
NO301532B1 (no) 1997-11-10
US5365870A (en) 1994-11-22
GR920100370A (el) 1993-06-21
DK109892D0 (da) 1992-09-04
ITMI922053A1 (it) 1994-03-03
GB9217459D0 (en) 1992-09-30
FI923951A (fi) 1993-03-05
SE9202527D0 (sv) 1992-09-02
PT100842A (pt) 1994-05-31
FI923951A0 (fi) 1992-09-03
NL9201554A (nl) 1993-04-01
ES2064219A2 (es) 1995-01-16
DK172591B1 (da) 1999-02-08
FI103778B (fi) 1999-09-30
GB2259279B (en) 1995-06-21
NO923159L (no) 1993-03-05
KR930005858A (ko) 1993-04-20
SE507657C2 (sv) 1998-06-29
IT1255759B (it) 1995-11-15
GR1002533B (el) 1997-01-27
ES2064219R (zh) 1997-12-01
KR100253669B1 (ko) 2000-04-15

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