CN107125195A - 一种富硒鸡果园散养方法 - Google Patents
一种富硒鸡果园散养方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107125195A CN107125195A CN201710178059.3A CN201710178059A CN107125195A CN 107125195 A CN107125195 A CN 107125195A CN 201710178059 A CN201710178059 A CN 201710178059A CN 107125195 A CN107125195 A CN 107125195A
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Abstract
本发明公开一种富硒鸡果园散养方法,其特征在于,在果园内种植中草药,并用微生物菌剂对果地进行富硒发酵,杀虫灭菌,再用天然的消毒剂对避雨棚鸡消毒,并种植驱蚊中草药和使用驱蚊精油防蚊,避免鸡受蚊虫的残害,养殖过程中配合富硒饲料喂养。采取本发明提供的富硒鸡果园散养方法,鸡抵抗力好,患病率低,长势好,鸡富硒含量高,同时可促进水果的增产增收,提高水果的富硒含量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种鸡养殖技术,具体涉及一种富硒鸡果园散养方法。
背景技术
硒为人和动物体内必须的微量元素,硒就有抗突变作用、抗氧化作用、促进致癌物的体内灭活作用、抗细胞增殖作用、增强机体免疫力作用。鸡缺乏硒,抵抗力会下降,引起鸡的各种疾病,富硒鸡养殖已经成为养殖户的研究热点,目前对富硒鸡的养殖方法主要采用饲喂富硒饲料和优良中草药配方,且养殖方法也在不断的优化和改进。
果园散养鸡是近几年来农户比较喜欢的养殖方式,鸡从果园中获得青饲料和昆虫、蚯蚓等动物性饲料,降低养殖成本,同时鸡还具有野味,鸡粪又可提高土壤的肥力,促进果蔬的生长,果园散养富硒鸡可提高鸡体硒外,还可增加鸡的鲜味,但是果园散养也有严重的缺点:果园散养不利于防疫和传染病的防治,且采取果园散养的养殖方式,鸡直接接触淤泥泥土、捕食带卵带幼虫等昆虫,以及蛔虫、线虫、绦虫、球虫等、病虫感染明显偏高,致使鸡体消瘦、生长缓慢、鸡群参差不齐,同时果园及相邻的土地皆不适宜喷农药,易造成中毒,果园由于环境较为阴暗潮湿,蚊虫较多,易感染鸡冠病和鸡痘传染病。
发明内容
本发明克服了上述技术问题的缺点,提供了一种鸡抵抗力高、可预防蚊虫及各种病虫感染、富硒含量高的富硒鸡养殖方式。
一种富硒鸡果园散养方法包括以下步骤:
(1)改善果园环境:将果园四周用围栏围住,并在果园内空旷地种植喜阳中草药,果树底下种植喜阴中草药,并在果园内建避雨棚,避雨棚周围种植驱蚊中草药;在避雨棚下设一网栅隔层和夜照灯;用消毒剂对避雨棚及周围进行消毒;每间隔3~5棵果树设有一饮水槽;在果园地上喷洒微生物菌剂和2~5mol/LNa2SeO3溶液并用薄膜覆盖3~5后将薄膜揭开即可放入鸡进行养殖;
(2)养殖密度及喂养:选取30~40d鸡龄的幼鸡,每亩果园放50~80只幼鸡;采取每天早晚在避雨棚内饲喂富硒饲料,同时配以弱碱性饮用水或大蒜水,晚上饲喂饲料后持续开夜照灯至凌晨00:00;并在避雨棚内放置由质量份的月桂醇1~3份、柠檬香油3~5份、香茅精油3~5份、大蒜素1~3份、香叶醇2~5份制成的的驱蚊植物精油;
(3)疾病的防控:每隔1个月喷洒微生物菌剂和2~5mol/LNa2SeO3溶液覆膜发酵消灭果树底下的害虫,定期将避雨棚的网栅下的鸡粪清除后喷洒消毒剂消毒;用微生物菌剂发酵鸡粪制成农家肥用于果地。
其中,所述的微生物菌剂由有效菌种数量比为1:3:6:2:3的枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、粪产碱菌、球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌混合而成。
本发明中所述的枯草芽孢杆菌生长过程中会产生枯草菌素、多粘菌素、制霉菌素、短杆菌肽等活性物质,对致病菌或内源性感染的条件致病菌有明显的抑制作用;所述的地衣芽胞杆菌可调整菌群失调,可促使机体产生抗菌活性物质、杀灭致病菌,能产生抗活性物质,并具有独特的生物夺氧作用机制,能抑制致病菌的生长繁殖;所述的粪产碱菌可抑制金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌、变形杆菌等微生物的生长;所述的球形芽孢杆菌可通过自身长生的毒素蛋白杀死蚊幼虫,苏云金芽孢杆菌可用于防治直翅目、鞘翅目、双翅目、膜翅目,特别是鳞翅目的多种害虫,两者相互配合具有协同作用,扩大杀蚊谱,杀蚊效果好。
其中,所述的富硒饲料由质量份的以下原料制成:富硒玉米80~100份、小麦10~20份、高粱5~10份、大豆粕5~6份、富硒紫薯1~10份、木耳1~5份、甘蔗渣10~20份、花生粕5~10份、魔芋粉3~5份、猪肾3~7份、大蒜1~5份、硒酵母粉0.1~1份、富硒麦芽粉0.1~1份、硒半胱氨酸0.1~1份、硒酸脂多糖0.1~1份、三氨酸硒0.1~1份、赖氨酸硒0.1~1份、淀粉酶0.01~0.03份、维生素E0.01~0.05份、维生素C0.01~0.05份、山楂1~3份、神曲2~5份、谷麦芽2~5份、莱菔子3~7份、鸡内金1~3份。
本发明中,所述的富硒饲料添加的山楂开胃消食,神曲消食和胃,谷麦芽消食健胃,莱菔子消食除胀、降气化痰、鸡内金消积滞、健脾胃,其相互配合具有消极化食,促进鸡肠胃的吸收。
其中,所述的驱蚊中草药为驱蚊草、香茅、夜来香、七里香、逐蝇梅。
其中,所述的喜阴中草药为白芨、玉竹、柴胡、黄连、麦冬、一点红、黄芪、黄芩、知母、元胡、党参、附子。
其中,所述的喜阳中草药为白术、桔梗、白头翁、淫羊藿、大黄、神曲、防风、赤芍、丹参、龙胆草、射干。
其中,所述的消毒剂由质量份的以下中草药制成:连翘3~5份、艾叶1~4份、银杏叶2~6份、苦参2~7份、大青叶6~9份、五倍子2~4份、金银花1~6份。
进一步的所述的消毒剂的制备方法为:按重量份称取连翘、艾叶、银杏叶、苦参、大叶青、五倍子、金银花进行粉碎,过800目筛,再按质量体积比为1g:10mL添加水,煎煮2.5h后过滤,取得滤液,即得本发明的所用的消毒剂。
本发明种植的喜阴中草药的药性如下:
白芨,味辛,苦、甘、涩,性微寒,归肺、肝、胃经,主要用于收敛止血,消肿生肌,其具有止血,保护胃黏膜和抗菌抑菌、抗癌防癌的作用。
玉竹,气微,味甘,嚼之发黏,主治养阴润燥,生津止渴,用于肺胃阴伤,高血糖,燥热咳嗽,咽干口渴,内热消渴。
柴胡,气味苦、性平,无毒;主心腹肠胃中结气,饮食积聚,寒热邪气,推陈致新;久服轻身、明目、益精,为清虚热中药,用于感冒发热、寒热往来、疟疾、肝郁气滞、胸肋胀痛、脱肛、子宫脱落、月经不调。
黄连,(根)味苦,性寒,无毒,归心、脾、胃、肝、胆、大肠经,具有清热燥湿,泻火解毒之功效,用于湿热痞满,呕吐吞酸,泻痢,黄疸,高热神昏,心火亢盛,心烦不寐,血热吐衄,目赤,牙痛,消渴,痈肿疔疮;外治湿疹,湿疮,耳道流脓。酒黄连善清上焦火热。
麦冬,味甘、微苦,性凉,具有滋阴生津、润肺止咳、清心除烦之功效。主治热病伤津、心烦、口渴、咽干肺热、咳嗽、肺结核。
一点红,别称,羊蹄草,味苦,性凉,具有清热解毒;散瘀消肿之功效,主治上呼吸道感染;口腔溃疡;肺炎;乳腺炎;肠炎;菌痢;尿路感染;疮疖痈肿;湿疹;跌打损伤。
黄芪,味甘,性微温,具有补气固表,利尿托毒,排脓,敛疮生肌的功效。
黄芩,味苦,寒,归肺、胆、脾、大肠、小肠经,有清热燥湿,凉血安胎,解毒功效。
知母,味苦,性寒,具有滋阴降火、润燥滑肠、利大小便之效。
党参,味甘,性平,归脾、肺经,质润气和,具有健脾补肺,益气养血生津,主治脾胃虚弱,食少便溏,倦怠乏力,肺虚喘咳,气短懒言,自汗,血虚萎黄,口渴。
附子,味辛、甘,性大热,有毒,归心、肾、脾经;具有回阳救逆,补火助阳,散寒止痛之功效。
本发明中所述的喜阳中草药的药性如下:
白术,味苦、甘,性温,归脾、胃经;具有健脾益气、燥湿利水、止汗、安胎之功效;用于脾虚食少、腹胀泄泻、痰饮眩悸、水肿、自汗、胎动不安。
桔梗,味苦、辛,性微温,归肺经;具有宣肺、祛痰、利咽、排脓、利五脏、补气血、补五劳、养气之功效。白头翁,味苦,性寒,具有清热解毒、凉血止痢、燥湿杀虫的功效。
淫羊藿,味辛、甘,性温,归肝、肾经;具有补肾阳,强筋骨,祛风湿之功效;用于阳痿遗精,筋骨痿软,风湿痹痛,麻木拘挛;更年期高血压。
大黄,中药名称为川军,味苦,性寒,具有泻下攻积、泻火解毒、活血祛瘀、清泄湿热之功效;用于实热便秘,积滞腹痛,泻痢不爽,湿热黄疸,血热吐衄,目赤,咽肿,肠痈腹痛,痈肿疔疮,瘀血经闭,跌打损伤,外治水火烫伤;上消化道出血。神曲,为辣蓼、青蒿、杏仁泥、赤小豆、鲜苍耳子加入面粉或麸皮后发酵而成的曲剂,味苦,性温,具有健脾消食、理气化湿、解表之功效;治伤食胸痞,腹痛吐泻,痢疾,感冒头痛,小儿伤饥失饱。
防风,味辛、甘,性微温,归膀胱、肝、脾经,具有祛风解表,胜湿止痛,止痉定搐之功效,能止泻通便、止血通经。
赤芍,味苦,性微寒,归肝经;其性酸敛阴柔,具有养阴、行瘀、止痛、凉血、消肿。
丹参,味苦,性微寒,具有活血祛瘀、养血安神、凉血消肿的功效,具有保肝强心,改善微循环,抗菌的作用。
龙胆草,味苦,性寒,归肝、胆经,具有清热燥湿、泻肝定惊之功效;可用于湿热黄疸;小便淋痛;阴肿阴痒;湿热带下;肝胆实火之头胀头痛;目赤肿痛;耳聋耳肿;胁痛口苦;热病惊风抽搐。
射干,味苦,性寒,有毒;入肺、肝经,为清热解毒中药,具有解毒利咽,清热化痰,散热消结的作用。
本发明采用的驱蚊中草药的药性如下。
驱蚊草,学名香叶天竺葵,驱蚊草释放出来的天然精油对蚊虫具有驱避作用。
香茅,亦称为香茅草,具有柠檬香气,具有除臭和驱虫等作用,香茅味辛,性温,具有祛风除湿,消肿止痛之功效。
夜来香,属多年生藤状缠绕草本植物,夜来香蒸发出来的芳香油具有驱蚊效果,夜来香的花具有食用和药用的作用,夜来香的花具有清肝明目之功效,可治疗可治疗目赤肿痛,麻疹上眼、角膜去翳、拔毒生肌,强筋壮骨、祛风除湿等。
七里香,又名满江香、千里香、七里香等;属芸香科,九里香属,叶片有浓浓的辛、甜香味,驱蚊效果很好,七里香还具有行气止痛,活血散瘀等功效。
逐蝇梅,马缨丹(学名:Lantana camara L),属于马鞭草科灌木,又叫五色梅、臭草;其枝叶与花朵中挥发出蚊蝇敏感的气味,具有很强的驱逐蚊蝇功效,而对人体无任何伤害;具有驱逐蚊蝇和美化庭院的双重作用。
本发明中采用的消毒剂中,连翘含有的挥发油可抑制腐败菌的繁殖、艾叶中含有多中挥发油,其具有抗菌、抗肿瘤作用;银杏叶含有各种酮类和酯类化合物,对绿脓杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、痢疾杆菌有一定的抑菌作用;大青叶含有丰富的黄酮类化合物,有广谱抗生素作用,对金黄色葡萄球菌、甲型链球菌、脑膜炎双球菌、肺炎双球菌、卡他球菌、伤寒杆菌、大肠杆菌、流感杆菌、白喉杆菌及痢疾杆菌均有抑制作用;苦参含有苦参碱,对金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌、痢疾杆菌、大肠杆菌鸡变形杆菌均有抑制作用;金银花含有的绿原酸、异绿原酸、黄酮化合物、芳樟醇、双花醇等感染性肺炎的病菌具有抑制作用;五倍子具有清热解毒、杀菌止痒、抑制病毒,杀灭寄生虫,提高免疫力的功效;这几种中草药相互配合增强杀菌剂的杀菌广谱性。
本发明与现有技术相比较具有以下有益效果:
1、本发明采用枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、粪产碱菌、球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌混合而成的微生物菌的发酵土壤,具有改善果园土壤结构,增加土壤肥力的作用,微生物菌剂可杀死土壤中的致病微生物和多种害虫,对果树起到保护作用,同时还可预防鸡感染各种疾病;微生物菌剂还可富集硒,将无机硒转化成有机硒,有利于果树吸收硒,提高水果的富硒含量,促进果园的增产增收。
2、本发明在果园中配套种植中草药,可作为鸡的靑饲料,提高鸡的机体免疫力,同时中草药还可作为经济作物出售,提高农户的收益;
3、富硒鸡在果园中可以昆虫和害虫为食,减少昆虫、害虫对果树的残害,同时减少饲料的使用量;在避雨棚设有夜照灯,晚上可吸引趋光昆虫,给鸡提供食物;
4、本发明中采用的微生物菌剂可对蚊虫具有杀灭作用,避雨棚周围种植的驱蚊中草药也具有蚊虫趋避作用,避免鸡受蚊虫的伤害,大大降低鸡冠病和鸡痘传染病的发病率;
5、本发明添加的由连翘、艾叶、银杏叶、苦参、大青叶、五倍子、金银花制成的消毒剂具有杀菌灭菌的作用,天然无毒,无残留。
6、本发明中在果园总喷洒Na2SeO3溶液,并由微生物菌剂富集转化成有机硒,提高土壤的富硒量,提高果园中植物的有机硒;鸡以果园中的富硒植物和富硒为食,可大大提高鸡体内硒的含量;本发明采用的富硒饲料添加有促进消化的中草药,鸡食欲强,生长好。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
一种富硒鸡果园散养方法包括以下步骤:
(1)改善果园环境:将果园四周用围栏围住,并在果园内空旷地种植喜阳中草药:白术、桔梗、白头翁、淫羊藿、大黄、神曲、防风、赤芍、丹参、龙胆草、射干;果树底下种植喜阴中草药:白芨、玉竹、柴胡、黄连、麦冬、一点红、黄芪、黄芩、知母、元胡、党参、附子;并在果园内建避雨棚,避雨棚周围种植驱蚊中草药:驱蚊草、香茅、夜来香、七里香、逐蝇梅;在避雨棚下设一网栅隔层和夜照灯;用质量份的连翘5份、艾叶1份、银杏叶6份、苦参2份、大青叶9份、五倍子2份、金银花6份制成的消毒剂对避雨棚及周围进行消毒;每间隔5棵果树设有一饮水槽;在果园地上喷洒由有效菌种数量比为1:3:6:2:3的枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、粪产碱菌、球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌混合而成微生物菌剂和5mol/LNa2SeO3溶液后,用薄膜覆盖3后,将薄膜揭开即可放入鸡进行养殖;
(2)养殖密度及喂养:选取40d鸡龄的幼鸡,每亩果园放50只幼鸡;每天早晚在避雨棚内饲喂由质量份的富硒玉米100份、小麦10份、高粱10份、大豆粕5份、富硒紫薯10份、木耳1份、甘蔗渣20份、花生粕5份、魔芋粉5份、猪肾3份、大蒜5份、硒酵母粉0.1份、富硒麦芽粉1份、硒半胱氨酸0.1份、硒酸脂多糖1份、三氨酸硒0.1份、赖氨酸硒1份、淀粉酶0.01份、维生素E0.05份、维生素C0.01份、山楂3份、神曲2份、谷麦芽5份、莱菔子3份、鸡内金3份制成的富硒饲料,同时配以弱碱性饮用水,晚上饲喂饲料后持续开夜照灯至凌晨00:00;并在避雨棚内放置由质量份的月桂醇3份、柠檬香油3份、香茅精油5份、大蒜素1份、香叶醇5份制成的的驱蚊植物精油;
(3)疾病的防控:每隔1个月喷洒微生物菌剂和5mol/LNa2SeO3溶液覆膜发酵消灭果树底下的害虫,定期将避雨棚的网栅下的鸡粪清除后喷洒消毒剂消毒;用微生物菌剂发酵鸡粪制成农家肥用于果地。
实施例2
一种富硒鸡果园散养方法包括以下步骤:
(1)改善果园环境:将果园四周用围栏围住,并在果园内空旷地种植喜阳中草药:白术、桔梗、白头翁、淫羊藿、大黄、神曲、防风、赤芍、丹参、龙胆草、射干;果树底下种植喜阴中草药:白芨、玉竹、柴胡、黄连、麦冬、一点红、黄芪、黄芩、知母、元胡、党参、附子;并在果园内建避雨棚,避雨棚周围种植驱蚊中草药:驱蚊草、香茅、夜来香、七里香、逐蝇梅;在避雨棚下设一网栅隔层和夜照灯;用质量份的连翘3份、艾叶4份、银杏叶2份、苦参7份、大青叶6份、五倍子4份、金银花1份制成的消毒剂对避雨棚及周围进行消毒;每间隔3棵果树设有一饮水槽;在果园地上喷洒由有效菌种数量比为1:3:6:2:3的枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、粪产碱菌、球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌混合而成微生物菌剂和2mol/LNa2SeO3溶液后,用薄膜覆盖5后,将薄膜揭开即可放入鸡进行养殖;
(2)养殖密度及喂养:选取30d鸡龄的幼鸡,每亩果园放80只幼鸡;每天早晚在避雨棚内饲喂由质量份的富硒玉米80份、小麦20份、高粱5份、大豆粕6份、富硒紫薯1份、木耳5份、甘蔗渣10份、花生粕10份、魔芋粉3份、猪肾7份、大蒜1份、硒酵母粉1份、富硒麦芽粉0.1份、硒半胱氨酸1份、硒酸脂多糖0.1份、三氨酸硒1份、赖氨酸硒0.1份、淀粉酶0.03份、维生素E0.01份、维生素C0.05份、山楂1份、神曲5份、谷麦芽2份、莱菔子7份、鸡内金1份制成的富硒饲料,同时配以大蒜水,晚上饲喂饲料后持续开夜照灯至凌晨00:00;并在避雨棚内放置由质量份的月桂醇1份、柠檬香油5份、香茅精油3份、大蒜素3份、香叶醇2份制成的的驱蚊植物精油;
(3)疾病的防控:每隔1个月喷洒微生物菌剂和2mol/LNa2SeO3溶液覆膜发酵消灭果树底下的害虫,定期将避雨棚的网栅下的鸡粪清除后喷洒消毒剂消毒;用微生物菌剂发酵鸡粪制成农家肥用于果地。
实施例3
一种富硒鸡果园散养方法包括以下步骤:
(1)改善果园环境:将果园四周用围栏围住,并在果园内空旷地种植喜阳中草药:白术、桔梗、白头翁、淫羊藿、大黄、神曲、防风、赤芍、丹参、龙胆草、射干;果树底下种植喜阴中草药:白芨、玉竹、柴胡、黄连、麦冬、一点红、黄芪、黄芩、知母、元胡、党参、附子;并在果园内建避雨棚,避雨棚周围种植驱蚊中草药:驱蚊草、香茅、夜来香、七里香、逐蝇梅;在避雨棚下设一网栅隔层和夜照灯;用质量份的连翘4份、艾叶3份、银杏叶5份、苦参5份、大青叶8份、五倍子3份、金银花5份制成的消毒剂对避雨棚及周围进行消毒;每间隔4棵果树设有一饮水槽;在果园地上喷洒由有效菌种数量比为1:3:6:2:3的枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、粪产碱菌、球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌混合而成微生物菌剂和3mol/LNa2SeO3溶液后,用薄膜覆盖4后,将薄膜揭开即可放入鸡进行养殖;
(2)养殖密度及喂养:选取40d鸡龄的幼鸡,每亩果园放70只幼鸡;每天早晚在避雨棚内饲喂由质量份的富硒玉米90份、小麦15份、高粱8份、大豆粕6份、富硒紫薯8份、木耳4份、甘蔗渣15份、花生粕8份、魔芋粉4份、猪肾5份、大蒜3份、硒酵母粉0.5份、富硒麦芽粉0.5份、硒半胱氨酸0.5份、硒酸脂多糖0.5份、三氨酸硒0.5份、赖氨酸硒0.5份、淀粉酶0.02份、维生素E0.03份、维生素C0.02份、山楂2份、神曲3份、谷麦芽3份、莱菔子5份、鸡内金2份制成的富硒饲料,同时配以大蒜水,晚上饲喂饲料后持续开夜照灯至凌晨00:00;并在避雨棚内放置由质量份的月桂醇2份、柠檬香油4份、香茅精油4份、大蒜素2份、香叶醇3份制成的的驱蚊植物精油;
(3)疾病的防控:每隔1个月喷洒微生物菌剂和4mol/LNa2SeO3溶液覆膜发酵消灭果树底下的害虫,定期将避雨棚的网栅下的鸡粪清除后喷洒消毒剂消毒;用微生物菌剂发酵鸡粪制成农家肥用于果地。
对比例1
对比例1与实施例1提供的鸡饲养方法基本相同,区别在于对比例1不种植喜阴中草药和喜阳中草药。
对比例2
对比例2与实施例2提供的鸡饲养方法基本相同,区别在于对比例2中不使用微生物菌剂处理果园。
对比例3
对比例3和实施例3提供的鸡饲养方法基本相同,区别在于对比例3采用普通饲料喂养。
对比例4
对比例4采用普通散养鸡的方式进行养殖,采取普通饲料喂养,不种植各种中草药,不采用微生物菌剂对果园进行处理,不喷洒Na2SeO3溶液,不对避雨棚消毒,不放置植物精油。
实验案例
选取广西柳州市某县的一个芒果果园,平均分成A和B两个区域,A区域按照本发明提供富硒鸡饲养的方法饲养富硒鸡;B区域按照普通果园种植方式管理果树,等芒果采收时,分别统计A、B两块区域的芒果亩产量以及芒果果肉中中富硒含量,芒果富硒含量的检测方法依照国标GB 5009.93—2010提供的检测方法检测,并将数据记录在表1中。
A | B | |
芒果富硒含量(×10-3ug/g) | 32.5853 | 168.8456 |
芒果平均亩产量(kg/亩) | 486.6 | 1046.32 |
表1
另外选取广西柳州市某一7亩芒果果园,将果园划分为7个区域,每一个区域按分别按照实施例1、实施例2、实施例3、对比例1、对比例2、对比例3、对比例4提供的鸡养殖方法养殖鸡,记录鸡成长过程中的患病情况,并记录成鸡的血硒含量及平均体重,并对每种养殖方法所在区域的芒果进行抽样检测,抽检芒果中的富硒含量,芒果的富硒含量和成鸡血硒含量的检测方法按照国标GB5009.93-2010的检测方法检测,将所有数据记录在表2中。
表2
由表1可知,采取本发明富硒鸡果园散养的方法可提高水果的富硒含量,相比于普通种植水果的方式,水果增收大;由表2可知采取本发明提供的富硒鸡饲养方法,鸡患病率低,尤其是鸡冠病和鸡痘传染病,鸡长势好,富硒含量高,水果的富硒含量高;采取对比例1不种植中草药的养殖方法,鸡的患病率大大上升,鸡抵抗力明显减弱;而采取对比例2不使用微生物菌剂的放养养殖方法,鸡的患病率上升,鸡血硒富硒量大大下降,鸡长势也相对较弱,而采取对比例3普通饲料喂养的方法,鸡血硒含量大幅度下降,成鸡平均体重也明显减轻,采取对比例4普通果园混养的饲养方法,鸡的抵抗力和长势最弱,成鸡富硒含量最低,水果富硒量少;因此,采取本发明提供的富硒鸡养殖方法,鸡抵抗力好,患病率低,长势好,富硒含量高,同时可促进水果的增产增收,提高水果的富硒含量。
上述说明是针对本发明较佳可行实施例的详细说明,但实施例并非用以限定本发明的专利申请范围,凡本发明所提示的技术精神下所完成的同等变化或修饰变更,均应属于本发明所涵盖专利范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种富硒鸡果园散养方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)改善果园环境:将果园四周用围栏围住,并在果园内空旷地种植喜阳中草药,果树底下种植喜阴中草药,并在果园内建避雨棚,避雨棚周围种植驱蚊中草药;在避雨棚下设一网栅隔层和夜照灯;用消毒剂对避雨棚及周围进行消毒;每间隔3~5棵果树设有一饮水槽;在果园地上喷洒微生物菌剂和2~5mol/LNa2SeO3溶液并用薄膜覆盖3~5后将薄膜揭开即可放入鸡进行养殖;
(2)养殖密度及喂养:选取30~40d鸡龄的幼鸡,每亩果园放50~80只幼鸡;采取每天早晚在避雨棚内饲喂富硒饲料,同时配以弱碱性饮用水或大蒜水,晚上饲喂饲料后持续开夜照灯至凌晨00:00;并在避雨棚内放置由质量份的月桂醇1~3份、柠檬香油3~5份、香茅精油3~5份、大蒜素1~3份、香叶醇2~5份制成的的驱蚊植物精油;
(3)疾病的防控:每隔1个月喷洒微生物菌剂和2~5mol/LNa2SeO3溶液覆膜发酵消灭果树底下的害虫,定期将避雨棚的网栅下的鸡粪清除后喷洒消毒剂消毒;用微生物菌剂发酵鸡粪制成农家肥用于果地。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种富硒鸡果园散养方法,其特征在于,所述的微生物菌剂由有效菌种数量比为1:3:6:2:3的枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、粪产碱菌、球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌混合而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种富硒鸡果园散养方法,其特征在于:所述的富硒饲料由质量份的以下原料制成:富硒玉米80~100份、小麦10~20份、高粱5~10份、大豆粕5~6份、富硒紫薯1~10份、木耳1~5份、甘蔗渣10~20份、花生粕5~10份、魔芋粉3~5份、猪肾3~7份、大蒜1~5份、硒酵母粉0.1~1份、富硒麦芽粉0.1~1份、硒半胱氨酸0.1~1份、硒酸脂多糖0.1~1份、三氨酸硒0.1~1份、赖氨酸硒0.1~1份、淀粉酶0.01~0.03份、维生素E0.01~0.05份、维生素C0.01~0.05份、山楂1~3份、神曲2~5份、谷麦芽2~5份、莱菔子3~7份、鸡内金1~3份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种富硒鸡果园散养方法,其特征在于:所述的驱蚊中草药为驱蚊草、香茅、夜来香、七里香、逐蝇梅。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种富硒鸡果园散养方法,其特征在于:所述的喜阴中草药为白芨、玉竹、柴胡、黄连、麦冬、一点红、黄芪、黄芩、知母、元胡、党参、附子。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种富硒鸡果园散养方法,其特征在于,所述的喜阳中草药为白术、桔梗、白头翁、淫羊藿、大黄、神曲、防风、赤芍、丹参、龙胆草、射干。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种富硒鸡果园散养方法,其特征在于:所述的消毒剂由质量份的以下中草药制成:连翘3~5份、艾叶1~4份、银杏叶2~6份、苦参2~7份、大青叶6~9份、五倍子2~4份、金银花1~6份。
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