CN107107732A - 用于机动车的传动设备 - Google Patents

用于机动车的传动设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107107732A
CN107107732A CN201580058892.3A CN201580058892A CN107107732A CN 107107732 A CN107107732 A CN 107107732A CN 201580058892 A CN201580058892 A CN 201580058892A CN 107107732 A CN107107732 A CN 107107732A
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transmission mechanism
torque
differential
drive apparatus
wheel
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CN107107732B (zh
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C·迈克斯纳
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Audi AG
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Audi AG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/62Gearings having three or more central gears
    • F16H3/66Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
    • F16H3/666Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another with compound planetary gear units, e.g. two intermeshing orbital gears
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0806Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
    • F16H37/0813Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one input shaft
    • F16H37/082Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one input shaft and additional planetary reduction gears
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H48/00Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/10Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H48/00Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/10Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears
    • F16H48/11Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears having intermeshing planet gears
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4808Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox output shaft
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4833Step up or reduction gearing driving generator, e.g. to operate generator in most efficient speed range
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00Type of vehicle
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    • B60Y2200/92Hybrid vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H48/00Differential gearings
    • F16H48/36Differential gearings characterised by intentionally generating speed difference between outputs
    • F16H2048/364Differential gearings characterised by intentionally generating speed difference between outputs using electric or hydraulic motors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S903/902Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/909Gearing
    • Y10S903/91Orbital, e.g. planetary gears
    • Y10S903/911Orbital, e.g. planetary gears with two or more gear sets
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/915Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/917Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev with transmission for changing gear ratio
    • Y10S903/919Stepped shift

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
  • Motor Power Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于机动车(2)的传动设备(1),所述传动设备具有能与动力总成作用连接的输入轴(6)以及第一输出轴(7)和第二输出轴(8),其中,所述第一输出轴(7)通过第一变速器(9)与轮桥(3)的第一分轴(4)能作用连接或者作用连接,所述第二输出轴(8)通过第二变速器(10)与所述轮桥(3)的第二分轴(5)能作用连接或者作用连接。在此提出,所述传动设备(1)具有差速器(15),所述第一输出轴(7)和所述第二输出轴(8)通过所述差速器持久地与所述输入轴(6)作用连接;所述传动设备(1)具有电机(33),所述电机能通过第一离合器(36)且以第一传动比与所述输入轴(6)作用连接,并且能通过第二离合器(37;55)且以第二传动比与所述传动设备(1)的转矩分配传动机构(21)作用连接。

Description

用于机动车的传动设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于机动车的传动设备,所述传动设备具有可与动力总成作用连接的输入轴以及第一输出轴和第二输出轴,其中,第一输出轴通过第一变速器与轮桥的第一分轴可作用连接或者作用连接,第二输出轴通过第二变速器与轮桥的第二分轴可作用连接或者作用连接。
背景技术
这种传动设备例如用于在一方面机动车的动力总成与另一方面机动车的轮桥之间传输转矩。轮桥通过传动设备与动力总成作用连接或者连接在动力总成上。相应地,轮桥作为驱动轮桥存在并且可以设计为机动车的前桥或后桥。传动设备具有输入轴以及第一输出轴和第二输出轴。
输入轴连接到动力总成上或者与该动力总成作用连接。在传动设备的输入轴和动力总成之间的作用连接中,优选存在换档变速器和/或离合器、尤其是起动离合器。动力总成可以设计为内燃机、电机或混合动力动力总成,其中,混合动力动力总成优选既具有内燃机也具有电机。
机动车的轮桥具有第一分轴和第二分轴,其中,优选为每个分轴分别配置机动车的至少一个车轮。第一输出轴通过第一变速器与第一分轴可作用连接或者作用连接,第二输出轴通过第二变速器与第二分轴可作用连接或者作用连接。即借助于变速器进行从第一输出轴到第一分轴的转换以及从第二输出轴到第二分轴的转换。变速器优选具有相同的传动比。
发明内容
现在,本发明的目的在于,提出一种传动设备,该传动设备相对于已知的传动设备具有优点:尤其是通过简单的方式在轮桥上节省空间地实现“转矩矢量分配”功能性。
根据本发明,这利用具有权利要求1所述特征的传动设备实现。在此提出,传动设备具有差速器,第一输出轴和第二输出轴通过所述差速器持久地与输入轴作用连接;传动设备具有电机,所述电机可通过第一离合器且以第一传动比优选直接地与输入轴作用连接,并且可通过第二离合器且以第二传动比优选直接地与传动设备的转矩分配传动机构作用连接。
传动设备就此而言组合了差速器和转矩分配传动机构。差速器在此提供用于轮桥并且因此用于轮桥的两个分轴的桥差速器的功能性。而借助于转矩分配传动机构可以提供用于轮桥并且相应地用于轮桥的两个分轴的“转矩矢量分配”功能性。输入轴通过差速器刚性地和/或持久地既与第一输出轴也与第二输出轴尤其是直接地作用连接。直接的作用连接可以理解为,输入轴、第一输出轴和第二输出轴直接地连接到差速器上。
借助于转矩分配传动机构可以在需要时将通过输入轴提供的转矩分配到第一分轴和第二分轴上。为此目的设置有电机,该电机可借助于第二离合器与转矩分配传动机构作用连接。就此而言,通过相应地控制电机以及同时建立电机和转矩分配传动机构之间的作用连接,可以进行前述转矩分配以及相应地实现“转矩矢量分配”功能性。
附加地,传动设备具有第一离合器。电机可通过该第一离合器尤其是直接地与输入轴作用连接或者耦合。在此,直接的作用连接可理解为既不经过差速器也不经过转矩分配传动机构的作用连接。电机和输入轴之间通过第一离合器的作用连接可以以第一传动比实现,而电机和转矩分配传动机构之间存在第二传动比。例如,第一传动比和第二传动比彼此不同。然而也可以实现相同的传动比。
尤其优选第二传动比等于1,从而不需要附加的传动级或者齿轮级。而第一传动比优选不同于1,例如设置第一传动比为或者i=8。第一传动比尤其借助于至少一个传动级或者齿轮级实现,为此目的,该传动级或者齿轮级布置在电机和输入轴之间的作用连接中。传动级尤其优选布置在电机和第一离合器之间的作用连接中。然而也可以布置在第一离合器和输入轴之间的作用连接中。
通过第一离合器将电机连接到输入轴上例如能够以如下方式电动地支持机动车的行驶运行:由电机提供的转矩叠加到输入轴上存在的转矩上。就此而言可以提出,输入轴上存在的转矩由动力总成和电机共同产生。当然也能够以发电机模式运行电机并就此而言用于提供电能。
第一变速器和第二变速器原则上可以任意设计。例如,所述第一变速器和第二变速器作为圆柱齿轮变速器存在。在此优选第一输出轴平行于第一分轴并且第二输出轴平行于第二分轴布置。然而也可以提出,轮桥的分轴和传动设备的输出轴彼此夹有大于0度且小于180度的角度。例如,该角度取值为90度,从而轮桥的分轴分别相对于相应的输出轴成直角布置。在分轴至少之一相对于相应的输出轴成角度布置时,相应的变速器可以作为伞齿轮变速器存在。例如两个变速器构造成伞齿轮变速器、尤其是锥齿轮变速器。
例如,轮桥的分轴相对于机动车的纵向中心轴线成直角布置。根据前述实施方案,这也可以适用于输出轴。然而也可以存在这样的情况:传动设备的两个输出轴基本上沿纵向中心轴线的方向布置或者平行于该纵向中心轴线布置。尤其优选传动设备的输出轴彼此相对共轴地或者彼此相对平行地延伸。传动设备处于动力总成和变速器之间的作用连接中。利用传动设备的这种布置保证了轮桥的紧凑结构。
在本发明的尤其优选的设计方案中可以提出,设置有多个第一离合器,通过所述第一离合器可以使电机以彼此不同的第一传动比直接地与输入轴作用连接。就此而言,当在电机与之间借助于这些第一离合器之一建立作用连接时,存在第一传动比。而当在所述第一离合器中的另一个与之间建立作用连接时存在与所述传动比不同的传动比。就此而言,可以首先从多个可用的传动比中选择电机和输入轴之间的期望的传动比并且接着闭合相应的第一离合器,以便实现该期望的传动比。
当然,本发明还涉及一种具有优选根据该说明书设计的传动设备的机动车。机动车具有轮桥,该轮桥具有第一分轴和第二分轴。传动设备具有与机动车的动力总成作用连接的输入轴以及第一输出轴和第二输出轴,其中,第一输出轴通过第一变速器与机动车的轮桥的第一分轴作用连接,第二输出轴通过第二变速器与轮桥的第二分轴作用连接。
在此提出,传动设备具有差速器,第一输出轴和第二输出轴通过所述差速器持久地与输入轴作用连接,传动设备具有电机,所述电机可通过第一离合器且以第一传动比直接地与输入轴作用连接,并且可通过第二离合器且以第二传动比直接地与传动设备的转矩分配传动机构作用连接。机动车或者机动车的传动设备可以根据前述说明书改进。
本发明的改进方案提出,差速器作为行星齿轮传动机构存在,所述行星齿轮传动机构具有差速器齿圈、差速器行星架和差速器太阳轮,其中,输入轴与差速器齿圈直接地作用连接,差速器行星架与第一输出轴直接地作用连接,差速器太阳轮与第二输出轴直接地作用连接。在此意义下,直接的作用连接可理解为,所述直接的作用连接分别直接地存在于所述轴和差速器的所述车轮之间且不是仅仅通过差速器建立。就此而言,输入轴与差速器齿圈、差速器行星架与第一输出轴、差速器太阳轮与第二输出轴连接或者固定在相应的轴上。作用连接优选分别设计为刚性的和/或持久的。
在本发明的另一个设计方案中提出,在差速器行星架上可旋转地支承着至少一个差速器内行星轮以及与差速器内行星轮啮合的差速器外行星轮,其中,差速器外行星轮与差速器齿圈并且差速器内行星轮与差速器太阳轮啮合。就此而言,差速器设计为双行星齿轮传动机构。相应地,既设置有差速器内行星轮也设置有差速器外行星轮,差速器齿圈和差速器太阳轮通过所述差速器内行星轮和差速器外行星轮处于作用连接中。
不仅差速器内行星轮而且差速器外行星轮都可旋转地布置或者支承在差速器行星架上,所述差速器内行星轮和差速器外行星轮彼此啮合,而同时差速器外行星轮与差速器齿圈啮合或者说与所述差速器齿圈配合并且差速器内行星轮与差速器太阳轮啮合或者说与所述差速器太阳轮配合。差速器外行星轮和差速器内行星轮可布置在关于差速器行星架的旋转轴线不同的径向位置上。
在本发明的另一个设计方案中提出,转矩分配传动机构与第二输出轴直接地作用连接,并且通过差速器与第一输出轴作用连接。即第二输出轴直接地连接在转矩分配传动机构的一元件上,而第一输出轴和转矩分配传动机构之间的作用连接仅通过差速器并且就此而言间接地存在。
在本发明的另一个优选方案中提出,转矩分配传动机构作为行星齿轮传动机构存在,所述行星齿轮传动机构包括转矩分配传动机构齿圈、转矩分配传动机构行星架以及转矩分配传动机构太阳轮,其中,转矩分配传动机构齿圈直接地与差速器作用连接,转矩分配传动机构行星架直接地与第二输出轴作用连接,转矩分配传动机构太阳轮通过第二离合器直接地与电机作用连接。
就此而言,转矩分配传动机构也构造为行星齿轮传动机构且相应地具有齿圈、行星架和太阳轮。直接的作用连接再次可以理解为,所述直接的作用连接不是通过转矩分配传动机构存在,而是转矩分配传动机构齿圈与差速器之间的作用连接以及转矩分配传动机构行星架与第二输出轴之间的作用连接分别优选刚性地和/或持久地存在。电机与转矩分配传动机构太阳轮之间的作用连接尽管也直接存在,然而也可以借助于第二离合器断开或者建立。
在本发明的优选设计方案中提出,在转矩分配传动机构行星架上可旋转地支承着转矩分配传动机构内行星轮以及与转矩分配传动机构内行星轮啮合的转矩分配传动机构外行星轮,其中,转矩分配传动机构内行星轮与转矩分配传动机构太阳轮啮合。就此而言,转矩分配传动机构也作为双行星齿轮传动机构存在。这表示,转矩分配传动机构内行星轮和转矩分配传动机构外行星轮设置在转矩分配传动机构行星架上并且在那里可旋转地支承着。转矩分配传动机构内行星轮和转矩分配传动机构外行星轮彼此啮合且在此优选布置在关于转矩分配传动机构行星架的旋转轴线不同的径向位置上。转矩分配传动机构内行星轮现在与转矩分配传动机构太阳轮啮合。
在本发明的改进方案中提出,转矩分配传动机构外行星轮和转矩分配传动机构齿圈啮合或者与和转矩分配传动机构齿圈啮合的副行星轮作用连接。在任意情况下设置转矩分配传动机构外行星轮与转矩分配传动机构齿圈之间的直接的作用连接。两个转矩分配传动机构行星轮或者直接地彼此啮合或者转矩分配传动机构外行星轮配置有副行星轮,该副行星轮与转矩分配传动机构齿圈啮合或与所述转矩分配传动机构齿圈配合。
副行星轮优选刚性地和/或持久地与转矩分配传动机构外行星轮作用连接且在此尤其具有同一个旋转轴线。副行星轮优选也如转矩分配传动机构外行星轮那样可旋转地支承在转矩分配传动机构行星架上。例如,副行星轮与转矩分配传动机构外行星轮设计为一体的或者形成该转矩分配传动机构外行星轮的组成部件。
在本发明的另一个有利的设计方案中提出,差速器和转矩分配传动机构通过中间传动机构作用连接,所述中间传动机构作为行星齿轮传动机构存在且具有中间传动机构太阳轮、中间传动机构行星架和中间传动机构齿圈,其中,在中间传动机构行星架上可旋转地支承着中间传动机构行星轮,所述中间传动机构行星轮与中间传动机构太阳轮和中间传动机构齿圈啮合。就此而言,通过中间传动机构建立转矩分配传动机构和差速器之间的直接的作用连接。
差速器也作为行星齿轮传动机构存在且相应地具有中间传动机构太阳轮、中间传动机构行星架和中间传动机构齿圈。在中间传动机构行星架上布置有或可旋转地支承着中间传动机构行星轮。所述中间传动机构行星轮既与中间传动机构太阳轮也与中间传动机构齿圈啮合。
本发明的另一个设计方案提出,中间传动机构行星架与差速器行星架、中间传动机构太阳轮与转矩分配传动机构齿圈和/或中间传动机构齿圈与转矩分配传动机构行星架直接地作用连接。如果在中间传动机构行星架与差速器行星架之间存在作用连接,则中间传动机构行星轮可以与差速器内行星轮或差速器外行星轮具有共同的旋转轴线。为此目的,所述中间传动机构行星轮尤其直接地支承在差速器行星架上,从而就此而言差速器行星架和中间传动机构行星架设计为公共的行星架。
附加地或备选地,中间传动机构太阳轮与转矩分配传动机构齿圈直接地作用连接。此外,中间传动机构齿圈可选地可以与转矩分配传动机构行星架直接地作用连接。尤其优选实现所述的变型方案中的至少两个、尤其是所有三个,从而中间传动机构通过一个作用连接与差速器作用连接并且通过两个作用连接与转矩分配传动机构作用连接。
最后,在本发明的优选的设计方案中提出,转矩分配传动机构作为具有第一行星轮组和第二行星轮组的行星齿轮传动机构存在,其中,第一行星轮组具有第一转矩分配传动机构齿圈、第一转矩分配传动机构行星架和第一转矩分配传动机构太阳轮,以及其中,第二行星轮组具有第二转矩分配传动机构齿圈、第二转矩分配传动机构行星架和第二转矩分配传动机构太阳轮。转矩分配传动机构就此而言作为具有第一行星轮组和第二行星轮组的两个行星齿轮传动机构的组合存在。
每个行星轮组具有齿圈、行星架和太阳轮,其中,在行星架上分别可旋转地支承着至少一个行星轮。例如在此第一转矩分配传动机构齿圈和第二转矩分配传动机构齿圈设计为公共的转矩分配传动机构齿圈或者至少彼此作用连接。在后一种情况下,转矩分配传动机构齿圈可以关于其旋转轴线沿轴向方向彼此间隔开地布置。第一转矩分配传动机构齿圈和第二转矩分配传动机构齿圈优选彼此相对共轴地布置,即具有同一个旋转轴线。
在本发明的另一个优选设计方案中提出,在第一转矩分配传动机构行星架上可旋转地支承着第一转矩分配传动机构行星轮,在第二转矩分配传动机构行星架上可旋转地支承着第二转矩分配传动机构行星轮,其中,第一转矩分配传动机构行星轮与第一转矩分配传动机构齿圈以及第一转矩分配传动机构太阳轮啮合,第二转矩分配传动机构行星轮与第二转矩分配传动机构齿圈以及第二转矩分配传动机构太阳轮啮合。就此而言,也存在行星齿轮传动机构的常见的设计方案。
在本发明的改进方案中提出,第一转矩分配传动机构行星架与中间传动机构太阳轮和/或第二转矩分配传动机构行星架与中间传动机构齿圈直接地作用连接。就此而言在此也在转矩分配传动机构与中间传动机构之间存在两个作用连接。所述作用连接优选分别设计为刚性的和/或持久的。
在本发明的有利的设计方案中提出,电机可通过第二离合器且以第二传动比与第一转矩分配传动机构太阳轮直接地作用连接,并且可通过另外的第二离合器且以另外的第二传动比与第二转矩分配传动机构太阳轮直接地作用连接。相应地,根据前述实施方案,一方面可实现一个第一离合器或者多个第一离合器,另一方面可实现至少一个第二离合器或者多个第二离合器。与仅借助于唯一的第二离合器可实现的相比,可以通过闭合第二离合器和/或所述另外的第二离合器借助于转矩分配传动机构将转矩更精确地分配到第一分轴和第二分轴上。
最后,在本发明的另一个优选设计方案中可以提出,中间传动机构行星轮刚性地与差速器行星轮连接。上文已经讨论过这种设计方案。例如中间传动机构行星轮和差速器行星轮设计为公共的行星轮。备选地,所述中间传动机构行星轮和差速器行星轮当然也可以关于其旋转轴线沿轴向方向彼此间隔开。
附图说明
下面根据附图中示出的实施例在不限制本发明的情况下详细地阐述本发明。附图示出:
图1第一实施方案中用于机动车的传动设备;
图2第二实施方案中的传动设备;
图3传动设备的第三实施方案;
图4传动设备的第四实施方案;
图5第五实施方案中的传动设备;以及
图6第六实施方案中的传动设备。
具体实施方式
图1示出传动设备1的第一实施方案,该传动设备在此例如设置为机动车2的组成部分,该机动车在此未具体示出。机动车2具有带有第一分轴4和第二分轴5的轮桥3。轮桥3或分轴4和5可通过传动设备1借助于机动车2的动力总成驱动。动力总成在此与传动设备1的输入轴6作用连接或可作用连接。而第一分轴4连接到传动设备1的第一输出轴7上,第二分轴5连接到传动设备1的第二输出轴8上,或者说与相应的输出轴7或8作用连接。
第一分轴4和第一输出轴7之间的作用连接通过第一变速器9建立,第二分轴5和第二输出轴8之间的作用连接通过第二变速器10建立。变速器9和10可以以伞齿轮变速器的形式存在。在此,所述变速器优选构造为锥齿轮变速器且就此而言分别具有第一锥齿轮11或12以及第二锥齿轮13或14。根据传动设备1的此处的实施方案可以提出,分轴4和5或者其旋转轴线沿横向或径向方向就旋转轴线而言彼此相对错开。然而备选地,分轴4和5也可以彼此相对共轴地布置,即具有公共的旋转轴线。
输出轴7和8可以相对于分轴4和5或相对于轮桥3成角度,即相对于所述分轴以一大于0°且小于180°的角度、例如以90°的角度存在。借助于以伞齿轮变速器的形式存在的变速器9和10实现相应的方向变换。当然,备选地,变速器9和10可以构造为圆柱齿轮变速器。例如,在此输出轴7和8平行于分轴4和5布置。
传动设备1具有差速器15,第一输出轴7和第二输出轴8通过该差速器持久地与输入轴6作用连接。为此目的,差速器15优选设计为行星齿轮传动机构,该行星齿轮传动机构具有差速器齿圈16、差速器行星架17和差速器太阳轮18。在差速器行星架17上可旋转地支承着至少一个差速器内行星轮19以及差速器外行星轮20。在此,关于差速器行星架17的旋转轴线,差速器外行星轮20比差速器内行星轮19布置得沿径向方向更靠外。差速器内行星轮19与差速器太阳轮18和差速器外行星轮20啮合。所述差速器外行星轮又与差速器齿圈16啮合。
现在优选提出,输入轴6直接地与差速器齿圈16作用连接,尤其是刚性地和/或持久地。差速器行星架17优选直接地与第一输出轴7作用连接,差速器太阳轮18优选直接地与第二输出轴8作用连接,例如也是刚性地和/或持久地。传动设备1现在还具有转矩分配传动机构21,所述转矩分配传动机构也作为行星齿轮传动机构存在。转矩分配传动机构21具有转矩分配传动机构齿圈22、转矩分配传动机构行星架23以及转矩分配传动机构太阳轮24。
在转矩分配传动机构行星架23上可旋转地支承着至少一个转矩分配传动机构内行星轮25以及至少一个转矩分配传动机构外行星轮26。转矩分配传动机构内行星轮25与转矩分配传动机构太阳轮24以及转矩分配传动机构外行星轮26啮合。所述转矩分配传动机构外行星轮与转矩分配传动机构齿圈22啮合或者备选地像此处所提出的那样与副行星轮27作用连接,该副行星轮与转矩分配传动机构齿圈22啮合。
差速器15和转矩分配传动机构21通过中间传动机构28彼此作用连接。所述中间传动机构也设计为行星齿轮传动机构且就此而言具有中间传动机构太阳轮29、中间传动机构行星架30以及中间传动机构齿圈31。中间传动机构行星轮32可旋转地支承在中间传动机构行星架30上,该中间传动机构行星轮与中间传动机构太阳轮29和中间传动机构齿圈31啮合。
中间传动机构行星架30现在与差速器行星架17直接地作用连接,尤其是刚性地和/或持久地。例如,一方面差速器内行星轮19或者差速器外行星轮20以及另一方面中间传动机构行星轮32被共同地支承着,从而它们就此而言具有同一个旋转轴线。即换句话说,中间传动机构行星轮32可以支承在差速器行星架17上,从而中间传动机构行星架30和差速器行星架17设计为公共的行星架。
中间传动机构太阳轮29和转矩分配传动机构齿圈22直接作用连接,尤其是刚性地和/或持久地。附加地或备选地,中间传动机构齿圈31还与转矩分配传动机构行星架23直接地作用连接,优选也是刚性地和/或持久地。
传动设备1还具有电机33,此处标示出所述电机的定子34和转子35。还设置有第一离合器36和第二离合器37。电机33可借助于第一离合器36直接地与输入轴6作用连接,优选以例如借助于传动级38实现的第一传动比。传动级38可以具有至少一个行星齿轮传动机构,其中,优选该行星齿轮传动机构的齿圈固定,尤其是关于传动设备1的壳体壁39。
而电机33可通过第二离合器37与转矩分配传动机构21作用连接,其中,设置有第二传动比。第二传动比可以与第一传动比不同,第二传动比尤其等于1。电机33优选可通过第二离合器37与转矩分配传动机构太阳轮24直接地作用连接。
借助于此处提出的传动设备1既可以实现差速器15的功能性也可以在使用转矩分配传动机构21的情况下实现“转矩矢量分配”功能性。电机33在此或者考虑用于借助于转矩分配传动机构21调节存在于输入轴6上的转矩至第一输出轴7和第二输出轴8上的期望分配。备选地,所述电机也可以通过第一离合器36与输入轴6直接地耦合,从而所述电机一方面考虑用于在输入轴6上提供转矩或者另一方面考虑用于在发电机运行模式中提供电能。
图2示出传动设备1的第二变型方案,其中,该传动设备的设计与第一实施方案类似,从而就此而言参见上述实施方案。区别在于电机33、第一离合器36以及第二离合器37的备选的布置。
图3示出传动设备1的第三实施方案,该第三实施方案与第二实施方案类似。就此而言下面仅要讨论区别。显而易见地,通过设置副轴40(Vorliegewelle),实现了各个元件、尤其是电机33的备选的布置,电机33通过该副轴与第二离合器37作用连接,优选刚性地和/或持久地。副轴40在此通过第一传动级41连接到电机33上并且通过第二传动级42连接到第二离合器37上。就此而言可以利用此处示出的变型方案简单地实现第二传动比,该第二传动比也不同于1。
图4示出传动设备的第四实施方案,该第四实施方案很大程度上对应于第三实施方案。然而现在在此附加地设置有另外的第一离合器43,该另外的第一离合器可通过另外的传动级44与传动级38作用连接。就此而言,第一离合器36仅通过传动级38,而另外的第一离合器43既通过传动级38也通过传动级44与电机33作用连接。通过离合器43可以与离合器36类似地建立电机33和输入轴6之间的作用连接。就此而言,视离合器36和43中的哪个闭合而定,可以实现电机33和输入轴6之间的不同的传动比。
图5示出传动设备1的第五实施方案。原则上再次参考上述实施方案,而下面仅探讨区别。转矩分配传动机构21现在设计为具有第一行星轮组45和第二行星轮组46的行星齿轮传动机构。第一行星轮组45具有第一转矩分配传动机构齿圈47、第一转矩分配传动机构行星架48和第一转矩分配传动机构太阳轮49。在第一转矩分配传动机构行星架48上可旋转地支承着第一转矩分配传动机构行星轮50。第二行星轮组46类似地具有第二转矩分配传动机构齿圈51、第二转矩分配传动机构行星架52和第二转矩分配传动机构太阳轮53。
在第二转矩分配传动机构行星架上可旋转地支承着第二转矩分配传动机构行星轮54。第一转矩分配传动机构行星轮50与第一转矩分配传动机构齿圈47以及第一转矩分配传动机构太阳轮49啮合。第二转矩分配传动机构行星轮54与第二转矩分配传动机构齿圈51以及第二转矩分配传动机构太阳轮53啮合。第一转矩分配传动机构齿圈47和第二转矩分配传动机构齿圈51可以设计为公共的转矩分配传动机构齿圈。
第一转矩分配传动机构行星架48与中间传动机构太阳轮29和/或第二转矩分配传动机构行星架52与中间传动机构齿圈31直接地作用连接,尤其是刚性地和/或持久地。中间传动机构28在此现在具有特殊性,即中间传动机构行星轮32直接地与差速器内行星轮19或者备选地与差速器外行星轮20作用连接,优选刚性地和/或持久地。就此而言,所述行星轮可以作为公共的行星轮存在。
根据上述实施方案还提出,电机33可通过第一离合器36与输入轴6耦合,优选通过传动级38。然而与上述实施方案不同,取代第二离合器37设置有两个第二离合器55和56。电机33可借助于第二离合器55与第一转矩分配传动机构太阳轮49作用连接。通过另一个第二离合器56,第二转矩分配传动机构太阳轮53可通过传动级38与输入轴6作用连接。在该实施方案中,当从使用第一离合器36的TSG运行模式切换至使用离合器55和56的“转矩矢量分配”运行模式时,电机33不必一直制动直到其静止。
图6示出传动设备1的第六实施方案,该第六实施方案依据第五实施方案。就此而言参考上述实施方案。此处的区别在于离合器36和56彼此相对的不同布置。在传动设备1的第五实施方案的范围中,传动级38布置在离合器36的背离电机3的侧上,而现在传动级38设置在传动级38和输入轴6之间的作用连接中。此外,转矩分配传动机构太阳轮53可通过传动级38借助于离合器36与输入轴6作用连接。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于机动车(2)的传动设备(1),所述传动设备具有能与动力总成作用连接的输入轴(6)以及第一输出轴(7)和第二输出轴(8),所述第一输出轴(7)通过第一变速器(9)与轮桥(3)的第一分轴(4)能作用连接或者作用连接,所述第二输出轴(8)通过第二变速器(10)与所述轮桥(3)的第二分轴(5)能作用连接或者作用连接,其特征在于,所述传动设备(1)包括差速器(15),所述第一输出轴(7)和所述第二输出轴(8)通过所述差速器持久地与所述输入轴(6)作用连接;所述传动设备(1)具有电机(33),所述电机能通过第一离合器(36)以第一传动比与所述输入轴(6)作用连接,所述电机能通过第二离合器(37;55)以第二传动比与所述传动设备(1)的转矩分配传动机构(21)作用连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的传动设备,其特征在于,所述差速器(15)是行星齿轮传动机构,所述行星齿轮传动机构具有差速器齿圈(16)、差速器行星架(17)和差速器太阳轮(18),其中,所述输入轴(6)与所述差速器齿圈(16)直接地作用连接,所述差速器行星架(17)与所述第一输出轴(7)直接地作用连接,所述差速器太阳轮(18)与所述第二输出轴(8)直接地作用连接。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的传动设备,其特征在于,在所述差速器行星架(17)上可旋转地支承有至少一个差速器内行星轮(19)以及与所述差速器内行星轮(19)啮合的差速器外行星轮(20),其中,所述差速器外行星轮(20)与所述差速器齿圈(16)啮合,所述差速器内行星轮(19)与所述差速器太阳轮(18)啮合。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的传动设备,其特征在于,所述转矩分配传动机构(21)与所述第二输出轴(8)直接地作用连接,所述转矩分配传动机构通过差速器(15)与所述第一输出轴(7)作用连接。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的传动设备,其特征在于,所述转矩分配传动机构(21)是行星齿轮传动机构,所述行星齿轮传动机构包括转矩分配传动机构齿圈(22)、转矩分配传动机构行星架(23)以及转矩分配传动机构太阳轮(24),其中,所述转矩分配传动机构齿圈(22)直接地与所述差速器(15)作用连接,所述转矩分配传动机构行星架(23)直接地与所述第二输出轴(8)作用连接,所述转矩分配传动机构太阳轮(24)通过所述第二离合器(37)直接地与所述电机(33)作用连接。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的传动设备,其特征在于,在所述转矩分配传动机构行星架(23)上可旋转地支承有转矩分配传动机构内行星轮(25)以及与所述转矩分配传动机构内行星轮(25)啮合的转矩分配传动机构外行星轮(26),所述转矩分配传动机构内行星轮(25)与所述转矩分配传动机构太阳轮(24)啮合。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的传动设备,其特征在于,所述转矩分配传动机构外行星轮(26)与所述转矩分配传动机构齿圈(22)啮合;或者所述转矩分配传动机构外行星轮与同所述转矩分配传动机构齿圈(22)啮合的副行星轮(27)作用连接。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的传动设备,其特征在于,所述差速器(15)和所述转矩分配传动机构(21)通过中间传动机构(28)作用连接,所述中间传动机构是行星齿轮传动机构且具有中间传动机构太阳轮(29)、中间传动机构行星架(30)和中间传动机构齿圈(31),在所述中间传动机构行星架(30)上可旋转地支承有中间传动机构行星轮(32),所述中间传动机构行星轮与所述中间传动机构太阳轮(29)和所述中间传动机构齿圈(31)啮合。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的传动设备,其特征在于,所述中间传动机构行星架(30)与所述差速器行星架(17)直接地作用连接、所述中间传动机构太阳轮(29)与所述转矩分配传动机构齿圈(22)直接地作用连接和/或所述中间传动机构齿圈(31)与所述转矩分配传动机构行星架(23)直接地作用连接。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的传动设备,其特征在于,所述转矩分配传动机构(21)是具有第一行星轮组(45)和第二行星轮组(46)的行星齿轮传动机构,所述第一行星轮组(45)具有第一转矩分配传动机构齿圈(47)、第一转矩分配传动机构行星架(48)和第一转矩分配传动机构太阳轮(49),所述第二行星轮组(46)具有第二转矩分配传动机构齿圈(51)、第二转矩分配传动机构行星架(52)和第二转矩分配传动机构太阳轮(54)。
CN201580058892.3A 2014-10-29 2015-10-29 用于机动车的传动设备 Active CN107107732B (zh)

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US20170313172A1 (en) 2017-11-02
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EP3212447A1 (de) 2017-09-06
EP3212447B1 (de) 2021-04-07
DE102014016077A1 (de) 2016-05-04
US10315502B2 (en) 2019-06-11

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