CN107090374A - Tea set cleaning fluid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Tea set cleaning fluid and preparation method thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN107090374A
CN107090374A CN201710355592.2A CN201710355592A CN107090374A CN 107090374 A CN107090374 A CN 107090374A CN 201710355592 A CN201710355592 A CN 201710355592A CN 107090374 A CN107090374 A CN 107090374A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
edible
tea set
cleaning fluid
soapberry
soapberry extract
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201710355592.2A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王兵
耿艳丽
邱磊
高鹏鹏
张瑜
李尚宗
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BEIJING TAIKEMEI HI-TECH Co Ltd
Original Assignee
BEIJING TAIKEMEI HI-TECH Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BEIJING TAIKEMEI HI-TECH Co Ltd filed Critical BEIJING TAIKEMEI HI-TECH Co Ltd
Priority to CN201710355592.2A priority Critical patent/CN107090374A/en
Publication of CN107090374A publication Critical patent/CN107090374A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/02Inorganic compounds
    • C11D7/04Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D7/10Salts
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/48Medical, disinfecting agents, disinfecting, antibacterial, germicidal or antimicrobial compositions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/02Inorganic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/02Inorganic compounds
    • C11D7/04Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D7/10Salts
    • C11D7/12Carbonates bicarbonates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/22Organic compounds
    • C11D7/26Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D7/265Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/22Organic compounds
    • C11D7/26Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D7/268Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/22Organic compounds
    • C11D7/40Products in which the composition is not well defined
    • C11D7/44Vegetable products

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of tea set cleaning fluid, include the raw material of following parts by weight:Soapberry extract 5 20%, natural zeolite 5 20%, edible salt 5 10%, edible citric acid 0.5 5%, edible cellulose 0.5 5%, soda 5 10%, sodium bicarbonate 5 10%, acetic acid 5 20% and deionized water 100%.The present invention uses above-mentioned tea set cleaning fluid, tea stain and incrustation scale that can be on Rapid Cleaning tea set, while having antibacterial activity, to human body and environmentally friendly, health environment-friendly.

Description

Tea set cleaning fluid and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to tea set cleaning agent technical field, more particularly, to a kind of tea set cleaning fluid and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
It is well known that tea can refresh oneself, solve cigarette poison, fat-reducing become thin, skin care, preventing and treating decayed tooth and carious tooth etc..Because tea In the Tea Polyphenols that contains, with very strong inoxidizability and physiologically active, be the scavenger of human free radical, nitrous can be blocked A variety of carcinogen in vivo synthesis such as acid amide, it can also absorb radioactive substance, so as to reach the effect of radiation proof, protect Female skin, is washed one's face with tealeaves, moreover it is possible to remove face it is greasy, restrain pore, slow down skin aging.Also increasing people Like having tea, the resident that the whole world there are more than 100 countries and regions likes siping tea, some places are siped tea as one drinking tea Artistic treat is planted to promote.But drink tea for a long time, tea stain can be formed on the wall of cup of teacup, due to the influence of existing water quality, Incrustation scale is there is also on teacup, the presence of tea stain and incrustation scale not only influences the outward appearance of teacup, the quality of tea also affected, when long Between there is no the tea set for cleaning tea stain to be possible to mould growth in moist environment, influence is produced on the body of people.Contain in tea stain Contain heavy metal deposition in theophylline, polyphenol body deposit, incrustation scale, be not easy to wash tea stain and heavy metal with common cleaning agent Fall.
Chinese patent CN104830577A discloses a kind of detergent of Rapid Cleaning tea stain;Chinese patent CN 104818134A discloses a kind of improved tea stain detergent, but prior art is realized using modern chemical industry product, degraded Time is longer, and environment is polluted.
Chinese patent CN102008410B discloses one kind and extracts agitated soapberry, separation of solid and liquid, inoculation ferment using water The method that mother's spray drying obtains total saposins powder, available for washing and cosmetic field;Chinese patent CN102559422B is public A kind of cleaning agent being made containing soapberry extract is opened, for field of cleaning and remove ornaments and formal dress;Chinese patent CN102965217A A kind of Soapberry vegetable-fruit washing-up liquid is disclosed, for washing field;But or above technology is related to chemical products, or for day Change, clothing etc. are cleaned, and are not suitable for the cleaning of tea set.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of tea set cleaning fluid and preparation method thereof, tea stain that can be on Rapid Cleaning tea set And incrustation scale, while there is antibacterial activity, to human body and environmentally friendly, health environment-friendly.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of tea set cleaning fluid, the raw material of following parts by weight is included:
It is soapberry extract 5-20%, natural zeolite 5-20%, edible salt 5-10%, edible citric acid 0.5-5%, edible Cellulose 0.5-5%, soda 5-10%, sodium bicarbonate 5-10%, acetic acid 5-20% and deionized water 100%.
Preferably, soapberry extract 10-20%, natural zeolite 10-20%, edible salt 7-10%, edible citric acid 1- 5%th, edible cellulose 1-5%, soda 6-10%, sodium bicarbonate 6-10%, acetic acid 5-15% and deionized water 100%.
Preferably, soapberry extract 10%, natural zeolite 10%, edible salt 5%, edible citric acid 3%, dietary fibre Element 1%, soda 5%, sodium bicarbonate 7%, acetic acid 20% and deionized water 100%.
Preferably, soapberry extract 20%, natural zeolite 20%, edible salt 7%, edible citric acid 0.5%, edible fibre Dimension element 3%, soda 7%, sodium bicarbonate 5%, acetic acid 10%, deionized water 100%.
A kind of preparation method of tea set cleaning fluid, comprises the following steps:
Soapberry extract is prepared first, secondly by 5-20% soapberry extract, natural zeolite 5-20%, 5-10% Edible salt, 0.5-5% edible citric acid, 0.5-5% edible cellulose, 5-10% soda, 5-10% sodium bicarbonate It is added to 5-20% acetic acid in deionized water, at room temperature stirring mixing, tea set cleaning fluid is obtained after uniform.
Preferably, the preparation method of the soapberry extract is as follows:
First by soapberry fruit dries pulverizing, extracted with volume ratio for 50% ethanol water, then carry out first Secondary backflow, return time is 2 hours, filters to take soapberry extract, naturally cools to normal temperature, obtains primary soapberry and extracts Liquid;
Secondly filter residue volume ratio is extracted for 75% ethanol water, then carries out second and flow back, backflow 4 is small When, soapberry extract is filtered to take, naturally cools to after normal temperature and obtains two grades of soapberry extracts;
Finally primary soapberry extract is mixed with two grades of soapberry extracts, the soapberry needed for obtaining is extracted Liquid.
Preferably, the reflux temperature of the first time backflow and second of backflow is 80 degrees Celsius.
Preferably, the natural zeolite is powdered, and particle diameter is 80~1000 mesh.
Soapberry liquid is a kind of surface-active very strong nonionic surface active agent, can clean tea stain, with reference to a huge sum of money Category, also with antibacterial activity, it is faintly acid or neutrality that it, which is applied in the range of the pH required by cleaning product, is also complied with simultaneously People are normally the requirement that 25-40 DEG C and the water hardness are 50-250mg/L using cleaning product temperature.
Natural zeolite is a kind of aluminium silicate mineral, with by strong adsorption selectivity, ion-exchange performance and larger Adsorption capacity, have suction-operated to various heavy, itself also has cleaning capacity.
Therefore, the present invention is using above-mentioned tea set cleaning fluid and preparation method thereof, use for natural materials, raw-food material, Auxiliary material etc., tea stain and incrustation scale that can not only be on Rapid Cleaning tea set, while have antibacterial activity, at the same to human body and environment without Evil, health environment-friendly.
Below by embodiment, technical scheme is described in further detail.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of tea set cleaning fluid, include the raw material of following parts by weight:Soapberry extract 5-20%, day Right zeolite 5-20%, edible salt 5-10%, edible citric acid 0.5-5%, edible cellulose 0.5-5%, soda 5-10%, little Su Beat 5-10%, acetic acid 5-20% and deionized water 100%.
Further, soapberry extract 10-20%, natural zeolite 10-20%, edible salt 7-10%, edible citric acid 1- 5%th, edible cellulose 1-5%, soda 6-10%, sodium bicarbonate 6-10%, acetic acid 5-15% and deionized water 100%.
A kind of preparation method of tea set cleaning fluid, comprises the following steps:
Soapberry extract is prepared first, secondly by 5-20% soapberry extract, natural zeolite 5-20%, 5-10% Edible salt, 0.5-5% edible citric acid, 0.5-5% edible cellulose, 5-10% soda, 5-10% sodium bicarbonate It is added to 5-20% acetic acid in deionized water, at room temperature stirring mixing, tea set cleaning fluid is obtained after uniform.
The preparation method of the soapberry extract is as follows:First by soapberry fruit dries pulverizing, it is with volume ratio 50% ethanol water is extracted, and then carries out first time backflow, and return time is 2 hours, and reflux temperature is 80 degrees Celsius, mistake Leaching soapberry extract, naturally cools to normal temperature, obtains primary soapberry extract;
Secondly filter residue volume ratio is extracted for 75% ethanol water, then carries out second and flow back, backflow 4 is small When, reflux temperature is 80 degrees Celsius, filters to take soapberry extract, naturally cools to after normal temperature and obtains two grades of soapberry extractions Liquid;
Finally primary soapberry extract is mixed with two grades of soapberry extracts, the soapberry needed for obtaining is extracted Liquid.
Soapberry is southern common green tree, and its drupe pericarp is rich in saponin(e, is one's early years articles for washing among the people.Soapberry Saponin(e is a kind of surface-active very strong nonionic surface active agent, can clean tea stain, with reference to heavy metal, also with anti- Bacterium activity.It is applied to the product that washing pH value is weak acid or neutrality, and the normal temperature using cleaning product is 25-40 DEG C, water Hardness is 50-250mg/L.
Natural zeolite is a kind of aluminium silicate mineral, with by strong adsorption selectivity, ion-exchange performance and larger Adsorption capacity, have suction-operated to various heavy, itself also has cleaning capacity, the natural zeolite is powder Shape, particle diameter is 80~1000 mesh.
Edible salt, edible citric acid, edible cellulose, soda, sodium bicarbonate, the acetic acid of the present invention can be obtained by commercially available, For usually domestic food raw material, auxiliary material, additive.
For a further understanding of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to embodiment, still It should be noted that following examples are premised on the technical program, give detailed embodiment and specifically operated Journey, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of tea set cleaning fluid, includes following components:Soapberry extract 10%, natural zeolite 10%, edible salt 5%, Edible citric acid 3%, edible cellulose 1%, soda 5%, sodium bicarbonate 7%, acetic acid 20% and deionized water 100%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of tea set cleaning fluid, includes following components:Soapberry extract 20%, natural zeolite 20%, edible salt 7%, Edible citric acid 0.5%, edible cellulose 3%, soda 7%, sodium bicarbonate 5%, acetic acid 10%, deionized water 100%.
In existing tea set cleaning product, main component has toothpaste, edible salt, acetic acid, citric acid, and toothpaste adds acetic acid, will be existing There is product to be contrasted with the present embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, with the glass cup test with tea stain and incrustation scale, obtain tests below Conclusion:
Therefore, the present invention is using above-mentioned tea set cleaning fluid and preparation method thereof, tea stain that can be on Rapid Cleaning tea set and Incrustation scale, while there is antibacterial activity, to human body and environmentally friendly, health environment-friendly.
Finally it should be noted that:The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention rather than is limited, Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that:Its according to Technical scheme can so be modified or equivalent substitution, and these modifications or equivalent substitution can not also make to repair Technical scheme after changing departs from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of tea set cleaning fluid, it is characterised in that include the raw material of following parts by weight:
Soapberry extract 5-20%, natural zeolite 5-20%, edible salt 5-10%, edible citric acid 0.5-5%, dietary fibre Plain 0.5-5%, soda 5-10%, sodium bicarbonate 5-10%, acetic acid 5-20% and deionized water 100%.
2. tea set cleaning fluid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Soapberry extract 10-20%, natural zeolite 10-20%, edible salt 7-10%, edible citric acid 1-5%, edible cellulose 1-5%, soda 6-10%, sodium bicarbonate 6-10%, Acetic acid 5-15% and deionized water 100%.
3. tea set cleaning fluid according to claim 2 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that:Soapberry extract 10%, Natural zeolite 10%, edible salt 5%, edible citric acid 3%, edible cellulose 1%, soda 5%, sodium bicarbonate 7%, acetic acid 20% With deionized water 100%.
4. tea set cleaning fluid according to claim 2 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that:Soapberry extract 20%, Natural zeolite 20%, edible salt 7%, edible citric acid 0.5%, edible cellulose 3%, soda 7%, sodium bicarbonate 5%, acetic acid 10%th, deionized water 100%.
5. a kind of preparation method of the tea set cleaning fluid as described in claim 1-4, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Soapberry extract is prepared first, secondly by 5-20% soapberry extract, natural zeolite 5-20%, 5-10% food With salt, 0.5-5% edible citric acid, 0.5-5% edible cellulose, 5-10% soda, 5-10% sodium bicarbonate and 5- 20% acetic acid is added in deionized water, at room temperature stirring mixing, and tea set cleaning fluid is obtained after uniform.
6. the preparation method of tea set cleaning fluid according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the preparation of the soapberry extract Method is as follows:
First by soapberry fruit dries pulverizing, extracted with volume ratio for 50% ethanol water, then carry out returning for the first time Stream, return time is 2 hours, filters to take soapberry extract, naturally cools to normal temperature, obtains primary soapberry extract;
Secondly filter residue volume ratio is extracted for 75% ethanol water, then carries out second and flow back, flow back 4 hours, mistake Leaching soapberry extract, naturally cools to after normal temperature and obtains two grades of soapberry extracts;
Finally primary soapberry extract is mixed with two grades of soapberry extracts, required soapberry extract is obtained.
7. the preparation method of tea set cleaning fluid according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:First time backflow and described the The reflux temperature of secondary back is 80 degrees Celsius.
8. the preparation method of tea set cleaning fluid according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:The natural zeolite to be powdered, Particle diameter is 80~1000 mesh.
CN201710355592.2A 2017-05-19 2017-05-19 Tea set cleaning fluid and preparation method thereof Pending CN107090374A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710355592.2A CN107090374A (en) 2017-05-19 2017-05-19 Tea set cleaning fluid and preparation method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710355592.2A CN107090374A (en) 2017-05-19 2017-05-19 Tea set cleaning fluid and preparation method thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN107090374A true CN107090374A (en) 2017-08-25

Family

ID=59638788

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710355592.2A Pending CN107090374A (en) 2017-05-19 2017-05-19 Tea set cleaning fluid and preparation method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107090374A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107384645A (en) * 2017-07-26 2017-11-24 曹美兰 A kind of tea stain efficient cleaner and preparation method thereof
CN111518636A (en) * 2020-05-20 2020-08-11 张孙玮 Portable solid cleaning composition and preparation method thereof
CN114540131A (en) * 2022-02-25 2022-05-27 南阳理工学院 Chemical cleaning agent and preparation method thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101851565A (en) * 2010-06-08 2010-10-06 厦门格林英日化科技有限公司 Tea set detergent and preparation method thereof
CN102796631A (en) * 2011-05-27 2012-11-28 田海 Production formula of tea scale cleaning agent and process for producing tea scale cleaning agent
CN104357245A (en) * 2014-09-04 2015-02-18 王晓伟 Preparing method and usages of sapindus extract

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101851565A (en) * 2010-06-08 2010-10-06 厦门格林英日化科技有限公司 Tea set detergent and preparation method thereof
CN102796631A (en) * 2011-05-27 2012-11-28 田海 Production formula of tea scale cleaning agent and process for producing tea scale cleaning agent
CN104357245A (en) * 2014-09-04 2015-02-18 王晓伟 Preparing method and usages of sapindus extract

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
周重林: "《云南茶生活百科全书》", 30 November 2015, 云南大学出版社 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107384645A (en) * 2017-07-26 2017-11-24 曹美兰 A kind of tea stain efficient cleaner and preparation method thereof
CN111518636A (en) * 2020-05-20 2020-08-11 张孙玮 Portable solid cleaning composition and preparation method thereof
CN114540131A (en) * 2022-02-25 2022-05-27 南阳理工学院 Chemical cleaning agent and preparation method thereof

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN104337725B (en) Skin whitening and moisturizing mask containing nymphaea hybrid extractives and preparing method thereof
CN103602531B (en) A kind of tableware washing detergent liquid
CN104178379A (en) Natural washing product with strong oil and dirt removal capacity and preparation method of natural washing product with strong oil and dirt removal capacity
CN104031753A (en) Detergency-improved tableware detergent composition with suspended particles
CN105287284B (en) A kind of infant is with the shower cream containing Folium Artemisiae Argyi extract
CN107090374A (en) Tea set cleaning fluid and preparation method thereof
CN103952245A (en) Natural detergent and preparation method and application thereof
CN107603775A (en) A kind of soapberry ferment liquid detergent and preparation method thereof
CN106947615A (en) A kind of liquid detergent
CN106906084A (en) Infant's Antibacterial laundry detergent and its production method
CN107594050A (en) A kind of seedless roxburgh rose preserved fruit and preparation method thereof
CN106047509A (en) Washing powder and preparation method thereof
CN101775340A (en) Fruit powder washing powder and production method thereof
CN106942290A (en) A kind of wormwood bactericidal composition and its application in liquid detergent
KR102226774B1 (en) Detergent comprising the extract of astragalus membranaceus, polydonati rhizoma and pine leaf, and the method of manufacturing thereof
CN103937629B (en) The special laundry soap of infant
CN102031205A (en) Natural plant washing preparation and preparation method thereof
CN105542974A (en) Skin-care washing powder and preparation method and application thereof
CN105199882A (en) Natural handmade soap
CN106566682A (en) Saponin laundry detergent and preparation method thereof
CN112430510A (en) Bacteriostatic detergent containing plant surfactant and preparation method thereof
CN106566691A (en) A Daye tea extract product liquid detergent and a preparing method thereof
CN106344430A (en) Konjac glucomannan shower gel and preparation method thereof
CN109234037A (en) A kind of tea seed cake powder and its preparation process
CN106497707A (en) A kind of liquid detergent

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20170825

RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication