CN107075077B - 包含至少一个酰基脲单元的可固化有机聚合物、其制备及用途 - Google Patents
包含至少一个酰基脲单元的可固化有机聚合物、其制备及用途 Download PDFInfo
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- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 150000007945 N-acyl ureas Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- VGEWEGHHYWGXGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl n-hydroxycarbamate Chemical class CCOC(=O)NO VGEWEGHHYWGXGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- INDZWIZFONXCIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1COC(=O)O1 INDZWIZFONXCIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical group CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000041 C6-C10 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 14
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 101100273645 Gallus gallus CCNA2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 5
- -1 isocyanate compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazene Chemical compound N=N RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000071 diazene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- GKJYRYGNJQHVSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane-4-carboxamide Chemical class NC(=O)C1COC(=O)O1 GKJYRYGNJQHVSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VXGZQQAJEXMNFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C1OCC(O1)C(=O)OCCO Chemical compound O=C1OCC(O1)C(=O)OCCO VXGZQQAJEXMNFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NFDXQGNDWIPXQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclooctyldiazocane Chemical compound C1CCCCCCC1N1NCCCCCC1 NFDXQGNDWIPXQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WADSJYLPJPTMLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(cycloundecen-1-yl)-1,2-diazacycloundec-2-ene Chemical compound C1CCCCCCCCC=C1C1=NNCCCCCCCC1 WADSJYLPJPTMLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DRAJWRKLRBNJRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxycarbamic acid Chemical class ONC(O)=O DRAJWRKLRBNJRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012973 diazabicyclooctane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 230000000269 nucleophilic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- JHYNEQNPKGIOQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dihydro-2h-phosphole Chemical compound C1CC=PC1 JHYNEQNPKGIOQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(aminomethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N)CC(C)(CN)C1 RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VCUVETGKTILCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide Chemical compound CC1(C)CCC=[N+]1[O-] VCUVETGKTILCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 7,7-dimethyloctanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocyanic acid Chemical class N=C=O OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1CCCCC1 SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBVOEVQTNYNNMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=P1=CCCC1 Chemical compound O=P1=CCCC1 ZBVOEVQTNYNNMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUKCPUAOPNOVKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N OCC1OC(OC1)=O.OCC1OC(OC1)=O Chemical compound OCC1OC(OC1)=O.OCC1OC(OC1)=O VUKCPUAOPNOVKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- VSKFADHADUWCCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamoperoxoic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)OO VSKFADHADUWCCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XZBIXDPGRMLSTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N formohydrazide Chemical class NNC=O XZBIXDPGRMLSTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010647 peptide synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- GWLJTAJEHRYMCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N phospholane Chemical compound C1CCPC1 GWLJTAJEHRYMCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012048 reactive intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/02—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates of isocyanates or isothiocyanates only
- C08G18/025—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates of isocyanates or isothiocyanates only the polymeric products containing carbodiimide groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/003—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with epoxy compounds having no active hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/281—Monocarboxylic acid compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7614—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring
- C08G18/7621—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring being toluene diisocyanate including isomer mixtures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/77—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
- C08G18/78—Nitrogen
- C08G18/79—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/797—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates containing carbodiimide and/or uretone-imine groups
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明提出一种可固化有机聚合物,其包含至少一个由结构式(I)表示的酰基脲单元。此外,本发明还提出一种制备所述聚合物的方法,以及所述可固化有机聚合物用于制备固化组合物和用于制备羟基氨基甲酸酯的用途。
Description
本发明涉及一种可固化有机聚合物,其包含至少一个由结构式(I)表示的酰基脲单元:
此外,本发明还涉及一种制备所述聚合物的方法,以及所述可固化有机聚合物用于制备固化组合物和用于制备羟基氨基甲酸酯的用途。
基于多异氰酸酯的聚氨酯属于现有技术。它们例如被用作粘合剂、密封剂、铸造组合物、腐蚀保护以及用于涂料。以这种方式获得的固化组合物对酸、碱和化学品的高度耐受性是有利的。然而,单体的低分子量(多)异氰酸酯化合物是毒理学上不可接受的,特别是当它们易挥发或迁移时。这对最终客户的应用而言尤其如此。
聚氨酯体系也可由环状碳酸酯化合物(其是毒理学上可接受的)获得。因此,例如碳酸甘油酯(4-(羟甲基)-2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环)常用于化妆品中。
WO 2011/157551 A1公开了根据式(V)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸及其酯:
其中R1表示选自直链或支链的脂族基、芳基、芳烷基和烷芳基的基团,并且优选为甲基或乙基。此外,R1可为n价基团,其可被至多n-1个另外的式(Va)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧基取代:
上述酯可使用胺硬化剂固化而形成羟基氨基甲酸酯。然而,WO 2011/157551 A1既没有公开也没有提及本发明的可固化有机聚合物,及其制备和用途。
WO 2013/092011A1公开了式(VI)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酰胺:
其中R1和R2在每种情况下彼此独立地选自H、直链、支链或环状的C1-12-烷基、C6-10-芳基、C6-12-芳烷基和C6-12-烷芳基,或者与它们所连接的N原子一起形成5元至8元环,且R3选自H和直链、支链或环状的C1-12-烷基,或者R1和R3各自为H,且R2为n价基团,其中n为大于1的整数,优选为2-5,特别是2-3,其被n-1个另外的式(VIa)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酰胺基团取代:
这些2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酰胺(其中R2被取代)尤其可通过2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸与多异氰酸酯的反应获得,例如:
并且还可使用胺硬化剂固化而形成羟基氨基甲酸酯,例如:
然而,取决于多异氰酸酯的官能度,由2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸和多异氰酸酯制备的基于甲酰胺的体系显示出有限数目的可交联环状碳酸酯基团。官能度大于3(即每个分子的异氰酸酯基团大于3)的市售多异氰酸酯较罕见,并且其粘度非常高,因此可加工性差。
在2014年3月7日提交的EP 14 158 345.0公开了式(VII)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸2-羟基乙酯:
其中R1和R2中的一个可为氢。特别地,R1和R2——如果不为氢——在每种情况下彼此独立地选自直链、支链或环状的C1-22-烷基,优选C1-12-烷基、C6-12芳基、C6-18-芳烷基和C6-18-烷芳基,其中R1和/或R2在每种情况下彼此独立地可包含至少一个选自羟基、醚基、酯基、环氧基和双键的其他官能团,且其中R2可被最高达10个、优选1至5个且特别是1或2个另外的式(VIIa)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸2-羟乙酯基团取代:
其中R1具有上述含义。
这些2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸2-羟乙酯(其中R1被取代)尤其可通过2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸与多环氧化物的反应获得,例如:
并且还可使用胺硬化剂固化而形成羟基氨基甲酸酯。
然而,由于通过胺硬化剂对所存在的酯基的裂解,由2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸和(多)环氧化物制备的基于2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸2-羟乙酯的体系通常固化特性较差。
总之,根据现有技术制备的粘合剂通常带有2至3个可与胺反应而实现交联/固化的环碳酸酯基团。因此,交联密度非常低,并且主要获得柔软且弹性的固化材料。
因此,本发明的目的是基本上避免至少一些上述现有技术的缺点。一般来说,该目的是提供基于2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环的体系,其为毒理学上可接受的、容易获得的、与胺硬化剂具有高反应性的,并且适合作为优选低粘度、高可交联性的环碳酸酯官能的粘合剂。为了获得固化产物的高交联密度并由此获得良好的机械和化学特性,因此在可固化聚合物(树脂)中,需要高密度的可交联基团(f≥3)。同时,在可固化分子中应该避免使用(多)异氰酸酯和存在胺不稳定的酯基。
这些目的已通过独立权利要求的特征而实现。从属权利要求涉及优选的实施方案。
令人惊讶地发现,具有多个可交联基团的合适的环碳酸酯官能的粘合剂可通过碳二亚胺与式(III)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸的加成反应制得(在此称为“CYCA”)。使用这种方法,每个二亚胺(树脂)可容易地转化为含有2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环官能的酰基脲单元的可固化聚合物。所得的粘合剂通常是稳定的并且可溶于水,这使其具有良好的可加工性并可为无VOC的剂型。此外,它们可使用胺固化而得到具有良好的化学和机械特性及高交联密度的羟基聚氨酯。
美国专利4 328 138描述了可固化的酰基脲聚合物和通过烯键式不饱和酰基的反应而固化的涂料组合物。该主题聚合物通过聚合的碳二亚胺与烯键式不饱和一元羧酸的反应制备。既没有提及或建议环状碳酸酯,也没有提及或建议使用胺硬化剂固化和羟基氨基甲酸酯的制备。
DE 2714293 A1描述了可用于制备聚氨酯泡沫的含有酰基脲基团的多羟基化合物。合适的羧酸的实例包括饱和和不饱和的羧酸。未建议进行交联。
在EP2628530 A1中,描述了通过使用一种或多种二元和/或多元羧酸和/或其水溶性盐作为制备微胶囊的交联剂来交联低聚碳二亚胺。既没有提及或建议环状碳酸酯,也没有提及或建议使用胺硬化剂固化和羟基氨基甲酸酯的制备。
因此,本发明的第一个主题是提供一种可固化有机聚合物,其包含至少一个由式(I)表示的酰基脲单元:
“聚合物”——如本说明书通篇所用的该术语——除了真正的聚合物外,还包括二聚物、三聚物和/或低聚物。换言之,下文所述的“聚合物”可以包括一个或多个重复单元(n)。
换言之,结构式(I)也可定义为通过碳二亚胺与2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸的缩合反应而形成的酰基脲单元。
所述可固化有机聚合物包含优选3至12个,特别是4至8个酰基脲单元。
可固化有机聚合物的一个优选实施方案由结构式(II)表示:
其中n为聚合物链内的重复单元的数目,
其中n=1至12,且
其中R1选自直链、支链或环状的C1-12-烷基、C6-10-芳基、C6-14-芳烷基和C6-14-烷芳基,且其中
该聚合物被端基封端,所述端基在每种情况下彼此独立地选自:
其中R2、R3和R4彼此独立地选自直链、支链或环状的C1-12-烷基、C6-10-芳基、C6-12-芳烷基、C6-12-烷芳基、C1-4-烷氧基-C2-120-(聚)(氧化烯)基团、聚酯基团和聚碳酸酯基团。
R1的优选实例为:
及其组合。
R2、R3和R4的优选含义为,例如,甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、新戊基、正己基、2-乙基正己基、环己基、苯基、苄基、(烷基)聚醚基团(例如烷氧基-聚氧乙烯基团)、(烷基)聚碳酸酯基团、(烷基)聚酯基团及其组合。R2的最优选的含义为(聚)(乙烯氧基)烷基。
本发明的第二个主题是提供一种制备本发明可固化有机聚合物的方法,其通过使式(III)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸:
与包含至少一个由结构式(IV)表示的碳二亚胺单元的聚合物反应:
-N=C=N- (IV)。
结构式(IV)被定义为“碳二亚胺”基团,而包含至少两个碳二亚胺单元的聚合物被定义为“聚碳二亚胺”。
有机碳二亚胺是已知的,它们的化学性质例如记载于Chemical Reviews,第53卷(1953),第145至166页和Angewandte Chemie 74(1962),第801至806页。(聚)碳二亚胺通过将碱性催化剂暴露于空间位阻型异氰酸酯在释放CO2下进行制备。碱性催化剂可为,例如,环磷烯或磷啶催化剂。
包含至少一个如式(IV)所示的碳二亚胺单元的聚合物可例如通过异氰酸酯的碳二亚胺化进行制备。所得的异氰酸酯封端的聚合物(聚碳化二亚胺)可以直接使用;或者通过以下方式进一步官能化:通过末端异氰酸酯基团与醇反应而部分或完全形成氨基甲酸酯,或异氰酸酯基团与伯胺或仲胺的部分或完全反应而形成脲。包含至少一个如式(IV)所示的碳二亚胺单元的聚合物也可以通过二异氰酸酯与醇的部分反应,随后碳二亚胺化来制备。
所述(聚)碳二亚胺的实例记载于DE 4318979A1和http://www.picassian.com/Default.aspx?cms=181(2014年8月27日检索)。所述碳二亚胺为例如H01、H02(Elastogran GmbH)、XL-701、XL-702、XL-706、XL-725、XL-732(Picassian)或XP 2802(Bayer AG)。
在现有技术中,碳二亚胺与酸的反应本身也是已知的,特别是对于羧酸的活化、在肽合成中广泛使用的方法。通常O-酰基脲作为活性中间体而形成,其可以通过1,3-重排而重排成N-酰基脲[D.F.De Tar,R.Silverstein,J.Am.Chem.Soc.1966,88,1013-1030]。双碳二亚胺与双羧酸的反应例如已被Iwakura等人[Polymer Letters,6,517-522,1968]用来制备聚(N-氨基甲酰胺)。
所述方法可适当地使用相对于式(IV)的碳二亚胺单元的化学计量为0.5至2.0分子的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸进行。优选使用相对于式(IV)的碳二亚胺单元的化学计量为0.8至1.2当量的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸,特别是每个式(IV)的碳二亚胺单元使用化学计量为1.0当量的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸。
当由二异氰酸酯通过上述碳二亚胺化反应获得具有-NCO端基的起始聚碳二亚胺时,应优选提供额外过量的“CYCA”,以获得具有2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酰胺端基的本发明聚合物。
制备本发明可固化有机聚合物的方法的一个优选实施方案为:所述方法在20-100℃、优选20-30℃下进行,并且在溶剂的存在下进行,优选的溶剂选自丙酮、THF、甲苯和二噁烷。
制备本发明可固化有机聚合物的方法也可以在催化剂的存在下进行,所述催化剂选自叔胺、有机金属化合物及其混合物。所述叔胺可选自例如,二甲基环己胺、4-二甲基氨基吡啶(DMAP)、二氮杂二环辛烷(DABCO)和二氮杂二环十一碳烯(DBU);所述有机金属化合物可选自例如,二月桂酸二丁基锡(DBTL)、羧酸铋,如辛酸铋或新癸酸铋、钛或锆的烷氧基化物或羧酸盐,以及现有技术中已知的类似催化剂。
本发明的另一主题为本发明的可固化有机聚合物用于制备固化组合物和用于制备羟基氨基甲酸酯的用途。聚合物的固化可以通过使用胺(例如至少双官能胺硬化剂)的反应来实现。
在本文中,原则上可为两种不同的固化机理。第一种,固化组合物可通过结合聚合物的环状碳酸酯基团与至少双官能的胺的交联获得。可形成两种不同的羟基氨基甲酸酯,即具有伯羟基或仲羟基的羟基氨基甲酸酯。在这方面,已经证明吸电子的CON基团使反应基本上向具有仲羟基的羟基氨基甲酸酯方向转移,这是因为在亲核氮原子的攻击的情况下,接近COO基团的氧原子上的负电荷被更好地稳定。具有仲羟基的羟基氨基甲酸酯还具有其他优点,即逆反应受阻。
第二种,也可能在较小地程度上攻击酰基脲基上的胺,导致通过羟基氨基甲酸酯和脲键而形成交联的网络。酰基脲的裂解反应基本上不会降低交联密度,因为第二个氨基可以与环状碳酸酯或与二酰亚胺反应而实现交联。因此,在这两种情况下,形成了密集网络。在后一种情况下,过量的胺(优选胺与环状碳酸酯的比例为1:2)可进一步提高交联密度。
合适的胺为具有烷基、芳基、芳烷基和烷芳基的伯胺和仲胺。伯胺反应比仲胺快得多;脂族胺比芳族胺反应更快。关于不同胺的相对反应性,对照C.Diakoumakos,D.Kotzev,Non-Isocyanate-Based Polyurethanes Derived upon the Reaction of Amines withCyclocarbonate Resins,Macromol.Symp.,216,37-46(2004),具体为第45页的方案4。其中指定的所有胺和本领域技术人员已知的标准胺硬化剂均适于本发明。还合适的相对高分子量的胺为,例如,来自Huntsman Corp.的聚来自BASF SE的聚醚胺或者聚乙烯亚胺例如来自BASF SE的
理论上,固化也可以使用带有亲核基团如OH或SH基团的其他硬化剂来实现。合适的硬化剂可为至少双官能的醇或硫醇。
包含至少一个本发明的酰基脲基团的有机聚合物的一个优点在于高密度的官能团,因此在使用至少双官能的硬化剂(如使用至少双官能的胺)进行固化时可实现高交联密度。因此,可以通过这类反应可获得硬且坚固的材料。
此外,当制备基于包含至少一个本发明的酰基脲基团的有机聚合物的聚羟基氨基甲酸酯体系时,可能不会出现由于所形成的CO2而产生的气泡,即使存在水分的情况下。因此,可得到大致无孔和无气泡的涂层,这对于传统聚氨酯体系而言有时是成问题的。另外,基于本发明的有机聚合物的体系可以溶解或分散于水中,这对基于异氰酸酯的体系而言是困难的。使用水性体系的可能性使得本发明的聚合物可以低粘度和不含VOC的剂型使用。此外,这种聚羟基氨基甲酸酯体系的热稳定性也高于传统聚氨酯体系的稳定性。
现在通过参考下文的实施例来更详细地说明本发明。
实施例
实施例1:制备TDI-碳二亚胺并随后与CYCA反应
将34.83g TDI(0.2mol)溶解于66mL己烷中,并加入0.25g DMPO(环磷烯氧化物,Lubio1,GmbH)。将反应混合物在环境温度下搅拌12小时,形成白色沉淀。过滤固体产物,用石油醚洗涤并在己烷中重结晶。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.12-6.86(m,6H,Ar),2.29(s,6H,CH3)ppm。
IR(ν,cm-1):2361(w),2344(w),2273(s,NCO),2131(s,二酰亚胺),2098(s,二酰亚胺),1717(w),1600(s),1562(m),1512(m),1477(s),1287(w),1224(w),1196(m),1145(w),1073(m),993(m),917(m),887(s),823(s),751(w),718(m),591(s),548(s)。
将2.25g所获得的TDI-碳二亚胺(7.4mmol)溶于60mL无水THF中,加入2.93g(22.2mmol)2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸(CYCA)。将反应混合物在环境温度下搅拌直至碳二亚胺反应完全(12小时,IR控制)。然后,加入0.04g DMAP(4-二甲氨基吡啶,0.3mmol),并将反应混合物加热至65℃直至TDI-碳二亚胺反应完全(12小时)。在此期间,形成白色沉淀,将其过滤并真空干燥。以定量收率得到白色粉末状的固体产物。
IR(ν,cm-1):3356(bw),2975(m),2870(m),2275(w),1817(s,环碳酸酯),1704(s),1592(m),1536(s),1451(m),1413(w),1385(w),1220(m),1155(s),1058(s),899(m),815(w),766(w),656(m),532(w)。
实施例2:TMXDI-碳二亚胺与CYCA的反应
a)将12.5gH02(BASF的NCO封端的TMXDI-碳二亚胺,7%异氰酸酯,14%碳二亚胺)溶于80g无水丙酮中,并加入8.53g(0.065mol,过量)2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸(CYCA)。将反应混合物在环境温度下搅拌直至碳二亚胺反应完全(12小时,IR控制)。然后加入0.16g DMAP(1.3mmol),将反应混合物加热至65℃直至TMXDI-碳二亚胺反应完全(12小时)。蒸发溶剂,并以定量收率得到白色粉末状的产物。
b)将277gH01(BASF的聚醚封端的TMXDI-碳二亚胺,7%碳二亚胺)溶于1L无水丙酮中,并加入64g(0.49mol)2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸(CYCA)。将反应混合物在环境温度下搅拌直至碳二亚胺反应完全(12小时,IR控制)。蒸发溶剂,以定量收率得到白色粉末状的产物。
IR(ν,cm-1):3310(bw),2974(m),2862(m),1822(m,环碳酸酯),1710(m),1693(m),1521(w),1460(w),1386(w),1252(m),1149(m),1065(s),907(s),799(w),766(w),708(w),655(w),499(w)。
实施例3:IPDI-碳二亚胺与CYCA的反应
将28.39g IPDI-碳二亚胺(购自BASF,6.8%的二酰亚胺含量,60%的DMM溶液)溶于100mL无水THF中,并加入3.74g(0.18mol)2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸(CYCA)。将反应混合物在环境温度下搅拌直至碳二亚胺反应完全(12小时,IR控制)。蒸发溶剂,以定量收率得到粘稠黄色油状的产物。
IR(ν,cm-1):2973(m),2862(m),2122(w),1823(m,环碳酸酯),1692(m),1539(w),1460(m),1366(w),1245(w),1066(s),907(m),766(w),655(w)。
实施例4:基于酰基脲的环碳酸酯粘合剂的固化
将实施例2a和2b的反应产物使用不同的二/三官能的胺硬化剂固化。下表1中给出了各个反应产物、胺硬化剂、量(mol)、环碳酸酯(“Cyc”):胺的比例和固化特性。
表1:
Claims (14)
2.权利要求1的聚合物,其包含4至8个酰基脲单元。
4.权利要求3的聚合物,其特征在于,R2为分子量为76至2000的烷氧基-聚氧乙烯基团。
6.权利要求5的方法,其特征在于,每个式(IV)的碳二亚胺单元使用0.5至2.0当量的式(III)的2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-羧酸。
7.权利要求5或6的方法,其特征在于,所述反应在20-100℃下进行。
8.权利要求7的方法,其特征在于,所述反应在20-30℃下进行。
9.权利要求5或6的方法,其特征在于,所述反应在溶剂的存在下进行。
10.权利要求9的方法,其特征在于,所述溶剂选自丙酮、THF、甲苯和二噁烷。
11.权利要求5或6的方法,其特征在于,所述反应在催化剂的存在下进行,所述催化剂选自叔胺、有机金属化合物及其混合物。
12.权利要求1至4中所述的聚合物用于制备固化组合物的用途。
13.权利要求12的用途,其特征在于,所述聚合物通过与至少双官能的胺反应来固化。
14.权利要求1至4中所述的聚合物用于制备羟基氨基甲酸酯的用途。
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EP14185105.5A EP2998331A1 (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2014-09-17 | A curable organic polymer comprising at least one acylurea unit, its preparation and use |
EP14185105.5 | 2014-09-17 | ||
PCT/EP2015/066837 WO2016041666A1 (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2015-07-23 | A curable organic polymer comprising at least one acylurea unit, its preparation and use |
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CN107075077B true CN107075077B (zh) | 2021-08-03 |
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US (2) | US10590227B2 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP2998331A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP6538831B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN107075077B (zh) |
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EP3334771B1 (en) | 2015-08-10 | 2019-07-31 | Construction Research & Technology GmbH | Process for producing a ring-opening polymerization product |
CN109219626A (zh) * | 2016-06-03 | 2019-01-15 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 具有n个2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酰胺单元的化合物在双组分粘合剂中的用途 |
TWI647253B (zh) * | 2016-12-29 | 2019-01-11 | 大東樹脂化學股份有限公司 | 利用芳香族氨甲酸酯透過異氰酸鹽作為前驅物之經催化熱反應路徑以製備醯胺或聚醯胺的方法及由芳香胺製備芳香族氨甲酸酯前驅物的方法 |
CN114539520B (zh) * | 2018-02-08 | 2024-05-10 | 广东华润涂料有限公司 | 可uv固化的非异氰酸酯聚脲聚合物以及含有该聚合物的可uv固化涂料组合物 |
EP3927752B1 (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2023-05-24 | Basf Se | Method for producing a viscose solution and a viscose solution produced thereby and a method for producing viscose fiber |
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DE2714293A1 (de) | 1977-03-31 | 1978-10-05 | Bayer Ag | Acylharnstoffgruppen enthaltende polyhydroxylverbindungen |
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-
2014
- 2014-09-17 EP EP14185105.5A patent/EP2998331A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2015
- 2015-07-23 US US15/507,299 patent/US10590227B2/en active Active
- 2015-07-23 JP JP2017515067A patent/JP6538831B2/ja active Active
- 2015-07-23 WO PCT/EP2015/066837 patent/WO2016041666A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-07-23 EP EP15748194.6A patent/EP3194461B1/en active Active
- 2015-07-23 CN CN201580050439.8A patent/CN107075077B/zh active Active
- 2015-07-23 BR BR112017005430A patent/BR112017005430A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
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2020
- 2020-01-31 US US16/778,837 patent/US20200165373A1/en not_active Abandoned
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WO1996008524A1 (en) * | 1994-09-12 | 1996-03-21 | Stahl International B.V. | Water-borne functionalised polymers |
CN104011040A (zh) * | 2011-12-22 | 2014-08-27 | 建筑研究和技术有限公司 | 2-氧代-1,3-二氧戊环-4-甲酰胺、其制备方法和用途 |
WO2014118268A1 (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-08-07 | Construction Research & Technology Gmbh | 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane-4-carboxamide building blocks, their preparation and use |
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BR112017005430A2 (pt) | 2017-12-12 |
US20200165373A1 (en) | 2020-05-28 |
CN107075077A (zh) | 2017-08-18 |
WO2016041666A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 |
JP2017530223A (ja) | 2017-10-12 |
US20170253687A1 (en) | 2017-09-07 |
JP6538831B2 (ja) | 2019-07-03 |
EP3194461B1 (en) | 2024-05-01 |
EP3194461A1 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
EP2998331A1 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
US10590227B2 (en) | 2020-03-17 |
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