CN1070739A - 塑料封装光纤 - Google Patents
塑料封装光纤 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006223 plastic coating Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004812 Fluorinated ethylene propylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920009441 perflouroethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 6
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005000 backing coat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006258 high performance thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013017 mechanical damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/104—Coating to obtain optical fibres
- C03C25/1065—Multiple coatings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/443—Protective covering
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
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Abstract
一种光纤,它有一个玻璃纤维芯(10)它四周环以
低折射率的玻璃包层(11),它有模量相对较高的塑料
内,外层(12)和(14),内、外层由模量相对较低的塑料
层(13)隔开。低模量层是由施加一种含水分散体而
形成,然后让它干燥然而并不烧结。这就使得涂层
(13)与它下面的塑料内层(12)之间没有多大的粘着
力,因此使得外层(14)可以用机械方法容易地被剥
去。
Description
本发明涉及塑料封装玻璃光纤。玻璃光纤一般由石英玻璃制成,通常在它们由预型件拉成后,立即在其上敷以一种塑料保护涂层。假设光纤不是接触它自身的涂层,而是接触其它任何固体表面,因而有可能对光纤表面产生化学腐蚀和机械损伤,这此这种涂层的一个主要功能就是通过保护光纤表面免受化学腐蚀和机械损伤来保护新拉成的光纤的初始强度,来实上这是可能的。一般说来,采用第一层塑料保护涂层就随之需要另外采用一层或几层塑料涂层以形成一个完整的塑料封装光纤。并不是所有这些另外的涂层都必须在把预型件拉成光纤的同一生产线上完成。组成完整的塑料封装的厚度、模量及膨胀系数被选择有利于光纤的机械缓冲及避免微弯曲。典型的三层结构由丙烯酸酯内层、尼龙外层及内外层之间模量较低的物质的中间层组成。虽然说是三层封装,但是丙烯酸酯内层可以是由两个或更多的次层所组成的复合层,这些次层的丙淆酸酯的成分有所不同,因而它们的模量也有所不同。
本发明阐述了一种塑料封装玻璃光纤,它有一个塑料封装外层和一个塑料封装内层,它们被塑料封装的中间层隔离。同时,本发明还提供了一种具有这样特性的结构:中间层并不牢牢地附着于内层,因此很容易用机械剥皮的方法从内层把外层剥去,以让内层毫无损伤地附在玻璃光纤上。为了使光纤连接处和终端的处理更方便,这种机械可剥皮性在许多应用中是一个必不可少的特性。
本发明提出了一种塑料封装玻璃光纤,它有一个塑料封装外层和一个塑料封装内层,内外两层由一个未烧结的散体沉积塑料中间层所隔离。
本发明还提出了一种制备塑料封装光纤的方法。在光纤上覆以一层塑料涂层,在其上施加一种由含水分散体(aqueous dispersion)形成的塑料涂层,然后这种含水散体变干,而不产生涂层材料的烧结,另一个涂层被加在干了的中间涂层上而让干了的中间涂层保持未烧结的状态。
了的中间涂层上而让干了的中间涂层保持未烧结的状态。
下面介绍本发明塑料封装玻璃光纤制造的最佳实施例。在说明中参考下列附图:
图1是封装光纤的横截面示意图。
图2是为制备如图1所示光纤的塑料封装中间层和外层而采用的设备示意图。
参照图1,石英玻璃光纤由光纤芯区10组成,光纤芯区周围环以一层较低折射率的光学包层区11。这种光纤一般直径为125μm,由更大直径的光纤预型件(未示出)拉出。当从预型件顶端拉出后,并且起先不需让它与固体表面有任何接触,刚拉成的光纤立即通过盛满一种或多种丙烯酸酯树酯的槽(未示出),并且这种涂敷上的树脂在光纤收集例如,在一个园筒上收集(未示出)之前已经塑化。这种光纤在完成其丙烯酸酯涂层12之后,此时一般直径为250μm。
光纤10,11,当完成其丙烯酸酯涂层12以后,接着用图2的设备制备中间涂层13和外涂层14。图2中,完成丙烯酸酯涂层后的光纤,被标示为20,通过入口模具22引入到涂料器21。涂料器包含由储液器23中储存的散体提供的一定压力下的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)的含水分散体。光纤通过出口模具24离开涂料器21,此时即被涂上一层聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)的含水分散体的薄层。
一个特别是含水分散体含55%的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE),其平均颗粒大小为0.3μm,并且包含润湿剂以减小表面张力,从而减少涂层起泡的任何倾向。这种散体的粘度为15mpa.s。由储液器提供的压力头大约为10cm。两个模具22和24的孔口直径为300μm。当高速拉线时,散体容易受到邻近出口模具孔12口的显著的剪切力,因此需要用一个用适当材料制成的高度抛光的模具,如碳化钨,这样将会减少产生因剪切作用引起的散体凝聚的危险。
在离开出口模之后而进入干燥箱25之前,涂覆聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)散体的光纤向前走一小段距离,一般大约为0.5m。一般干燥箱大约1.5m长。在干燥箱里边,热气流产生温度梯度用来促进逐渐蒸发水介质,形成一层约10μm厚的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)的低模量颗粒模13(图1),这样在里面涂层12和其后施加的外面涂层14(图1)之间形成一个衬层。热气流慎重地设计成能不让敷涂温度达到380℃,因此不让聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)开始烧结。这是因为这样的烧结将产生容易对里面涂层12有更强粘合力的更高模量的物质。另外,将需要更多的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)以产生完全相粘着的烧结层。
在离开干燥箱25之后,光纤此时已完成其内层和中间塑料涂层12和13(图1),再经过一小段距离,一般约1.5m,进入熔融挤压成形器26,它含有塑料装涂层14所需的尼龙。在从熔融挤压成型器出来的时候,此时光纤完成其内层、中间层和外层塑料封装层12,13和14,一般有大约0.8mm的直径,在被一个圆形筒(未示出)收集之前,进入冷却槽27。由冷却槽产生的冷却被控制产生所需数量的尼龙结晶度,因此适当的热膨胀系数使得封装光纤具有它所需的强度而在工作温度范围内不会引起过量的微弯曲损失。
最后得到的光纤是一种紧紧套住的光纤,它的外层可以很容易用机械方法剥去。
在一个最优的结构中,丙烯酸脂内层有一个复合结构,它有一个外次层包绕一个内次层,内次层的模量要比外次层低,这两层之间的分界面在图1中用虚线15表示。
很明显,本发明并不中限于在前面所举的实施例中所说明的具体的塑料材料,因此含水分散体氟化乙丙烯(FEP)可以代替含水分散体聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)作为制造中间层的物质。类似地一种可替换的高性能热塑性材料,例如聚脂聚醚或液晶聚合物可以代替外层的尼龙。
Claims (12)
1、一种塑料封装玻璃光纤,它有一个塑料封装外层和一个塑料封装内层,它们被一个未烧结的散体沉积的塑料中间层隔开。
2、如权利要求1所述的塑料封装光纤,其特征在于该中间层的塑料物质是含氟聚合物。
3、如权利要求2所述的塑料封装光纤,其特征在于该含氟聚合物为聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)。
4、如权利要求2所述的塑料封装光纤,其特征在于该含氟聚合物为氟化乙丙烯(FEP)。
5、如上述任一个权利要求所述的塑料封装光纤,其特征在于该外层的塑料物质是尼龙。
6、如上述任何一个权利要求所述的塑料封装光纤,其特征在于该塑料内层是丙烯酸酯层。
7、如权利要求6所述塑料封装光纤,其特征在于丙烯酸脂塑料内层是一个由几个模量不同的次层所组成的复合层。
8、一种制备塑料封装光纤的方法,其特征在于光纤上涂上一层塑料涂层,在其是施加一种由含水分散体形成的塑料涂层,然后这种含水分散体被干燥,而不产生涂层物烧结,另外一个涂层被加在干了的涂层上而让干了的涂层保持未烧结的状态。
9、如权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于含水分散体是一种含氟聚合物的含水分散体。
10、如权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于该含氟聚合物是聚四氟乙(PTFE)。
11、如权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于该含氟聚合物是氟化丙乙烯(FEP)。
12、利用8到11任何一个权利要求所述的方法所制造的塑料封装光纤。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9112636.7 | 1991-06-12 | ||
GB9112636A GB2256604B (en) | 1991-06-12 | 1991-06-12 | Plastics packaged optical fibre |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1070739A true CN1070739A (zh) | 1993-04-07 |
CN1032090C CN1032090C (zh) | 1996-06-19 |
Family
ID=10696533
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN92104574A Expired - Lifetime CN1032090C (zh) | 1991-06-12 | 1992-06-12 | 塑料封装光纤 |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5444808A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0518523B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3207924B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1032090C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE116273T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU652452B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2071063C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69201015T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK0518523T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2068676T3 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI109619B (zh) |
GB (1) | GB2256604B (zh) |
NO (1) | NO312190B1 (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ242992A (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA924022B (zh) |
Cited By (4)
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CN102639166A (zh) * | 2009-11-10 | 2012-08-15 | 英弗伊蒂股份有限公司 | 照明吸引设备 |
CN103293621A (zh) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-09-11 | 南京烽火藤仓光通信有限公司 | 一种紧套光纤及其制作方法 |
CN107015126A (zh) * | 2017-04-08 | 2017-08-04 | 国网河南省电力公司安阳供电公司 | 基于光纤的绝缘子污秽监测方法 |
CN107037334A (zh) * | 2017-04-08 | 2017-08-11 | 国网河南省电力公司安阳供电公司 | 高压输电线路绝缘子全光纤监测网络 |
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GB8330851D0 (en) * | 1983-11-18 | 1983-12-29 | Fisons Plc | Device |
DE3674289D1 (de) * | 1985-07-05 | 1990-10-25 | Siemens Ag | Fuellmasse fuer lichtwellenleiteradern und/oder lichtwellenleiterkabel. |
US4854668A (en) * | 1987-04-14 | 1989-08-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Light waveguide having three protective layers of plastic material and a method of manufacture |
DE3911745A1 (de) * | 1989-04-11 | 1990-10-25 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Verfahren zur herstellung von glaskoerpern mit bereichen unterschiedlicher optischer brechung |
CA1321671C (en) * | 1989-05-11 | 1993-08-24 | Paul J. Shustack | Ultraviolet radiation-curable coatings for optical fibers and optical fibers coated therewith |
US5011260A (en) * | 1989-07-26 | 1991-04-30 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Buffered optical fiber having a strippable buffer layer |
US5062685A (en) * | 1989-10-11 | 1991-11-05 | Corning Incorporated | Coated optical fibers and cables and method |
US5181268A (en) * | 1991-08-12 | 1993-01-19 | Corning Incorporated | Strippable tight buffered optical waveguide fiber |
US5170459A (en) * | 1991-08-30 | 1992-12-08 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Optical fiber attachment structure and method |
-
1991
- 1991-06-12 GB GB9112636A patent/GB2256604B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-05-28 ES ES92304823T patent/ES2068676T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-28 EP EP92304823A patent/EP0518523B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-28 DK DK92304823.5T patent/DK0518523T3/da active
- 1992-05-28 DE DE69201015T patent/DE69201015T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-28 AT AT92304823T patent/ATE116273T1/de active
- 1992-06-02 NZ NZ242992A patent/NZ242992A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-02 ZA ZA924022A patent/ZA924022B/xx unknown
- 1992-06-09 FI FI922669A patent/FI109619B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-11 NO NO19922288A patent/NO312190B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-11 CA CA002071063A patent/CA2071063C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-11 AU AU18184/92A patent/AU652452B2/en not_active Expired
- 1992-06-12 JP JP15378092A patent/JP3207924B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-12 CN CN92104574A patent/CN1032090C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-06-03 US US08/254,655 patent/US5444808A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102639166A (zh) * | 2009-11-10 | 2012-08-15 | 英弗伊蒂股份有限公司 | 照明吸引设备 |
US9636182B2 (en) | 2009-11-10 | 2017-05-02 | Invuity, Inc. | Illuminated suction apparatus |
CN102639166B (zh) * | 2009-11-10 | 2017-05-31 | 英弗伊蒂股份有限公司 | 照明吸引设备 |
US9833295B2 (en) | 2009-11-10 | 2017-12-05 | Invuity, Inc. | Illuminated suction apparatus |
US10667882B2 (en) | 2009-11-10 | 2020-06-02 | Invuity, Inc. | Illuminated suction apparatus |
US11376093B2 (en) | 2009-11-10 | 2022-07-05 | Invuity, Inc. | Illuminated suction apparatus |
CN103293621A (zh) * | 2013-06-25 | 2013-09-11 | 南京烽火藤仓光通信有限公司 | 一种紧套光纤及其制作方法 |
CN103293621B (zh) * | 2013-06-25 | 2015-11-18 | 南京华信藤仓光通信有限公司 | 一种紧套光纤及其制作方法 |
CN107015126A (zh) * | 2017-04-08 | 2017-08-04 | 国网河南省电力公司安阳供电公司 | 基于光纤的绝缘子污秽监测方法 |
CN107037334A (zh) * | 2017-04-08 | 2017-08-11 | 国网河南省电力公司安阳供电公司 | 高压输电线路绝缘子全光纤监测网络 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO922288L (no) | 1992-12-14 |
JP3207924B2 (ja) | 2001-09-10 |
ZA924022B (en) | 1993-02-24 |
US5444808A (en) | 1995-08-22 |
DK0518523T3 (da) | 1995-03-20 |
ATE116273T1 (de) | 1995-01-15 |
FI922669A (fi) | 1992-12-13 |
AU1818492A (en) | 1992-12-17 |
DE69201015T2 (de) | 1995-08-10 |
CN1032090C (zh) | 1996-06-19 |
NZ242992A (en) | 1993-06-25 |
ES2068676T3 (es) | 1995-04-16 |
AU652452B2 (en) | 1994-08-25 |
FI922669A0 (fi) | 1992-06-09 |
NO922288D0 (no) | 1992-06-11 |
DE69201015D1 (de) | 1995-02-09 |
EP0518523B1 (en) | 1994-12-28 |
GB2256604A (en) | 1992-12-16 |
FI109619B (fi) | 2002-09-13 |
CA2071063C (en) | 2001-10-30 |
GB9112636D0 (en) | 1991-07-31 |
CA2071063A1 (en) | 1992-12-13 |
JPH05203848A (ja) | 1993-08-13 |
GB2256604B (en) | 1995-04-19 |
EP0518523A1 (en) | 1992-12-16 |
NO312190B1 (no) | 2002-04-08 |
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C15 | Extension of patent right duration from 15 to 20 years for appl. with date before 31.12.1992 and still valid on 11.12.2001 (patent law change 1993) | ||
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