CN107048075B - A kind of Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feed - Google Patents

A kind of Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feed Download PDF

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CN107048075B
CN107048075B CN201611194422.2A CN201611194422A CN107048075B CN 107048075 B CN107048075 B CN 107048075B CN 201611194422 A CN201611194422 A CN 201611194422A CN 107048075 B CN107048075 B CN 107048075B
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powder
fry
micropterus salmonoides
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CN107048075A (en
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杨梅玲
李立军
黄卫
王云龙
吴文秀
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HUZHOU HAIHUANG BIOTECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

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Abstract

The invention discloses Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feeds, by weight, are mixed by following raw material: 20-30 parts of import white fish meal, short 7-15 parts of the fibre of ferment collagen, 10-15 parts of snail powder, 5-10 parts of earthworm powder, 3-6 parts of Kelp Powder, soybean slag 10-15 parts, 3-6 parts of the grape pip dregs of rice, 5-10 parts of starch, 3-16 parts of fecula of whitewashing, 3-5 parts of fish oil, 3-5 parts of soybean lecithin powder, 2-3 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of choline chloride.Rationally, nutrition is balanced, can effectively meet the growth demand of Micropterus salmonoides fry, while can improve the survival rate of Micropterus salmonoides fry, guarantees fry fast-growth for feed each component cooperation of the present invention, reduces feed coefficient.

Description

A kind of Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feed
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquatic feeds field, in particular to a kind of Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feed.
Background technique
Micropterus salmonoides (Micropterus salmoides) original name Micropterus salmoides belongs to Perciformes, Sunfishes, perch category, Mississippi River system is originated in, is that a kind of growth is fast, rare predacious fish of delicious meat.With individual big, growth is fast, The features such as premunition is strong, delicious meat.Micropterus salmonoides are liked staying in Lentic environment sandy or that sand mud matter is haze-free, activity The lower water layer in.Disposition is docile, afraid of one's shadow.The suitable temperature range of Micropterus salmonoides is wide, can survive at 1~36.4 DEG C of water temperature, 10 DEG C or more start to ingest, and optimum growth temperature is 20~30 DEG C.Every liter of water quality requirement water-soluble oxygen amount is at 1.5 milligrams or more.Children Fish likes cluster activity, adult fish dispersion.Micropterus salmonoides are the fish based on carnivorous, and grazing eclipse is strong, and food ration is big, are often individually looked for Food, happiness predation small fish and shrimp, the food ration of juvenile fish is up to the 50% of weight.
China Taiwan in late 1970s from foreign countries introduce Micropterus salmonoides, and in nineteen eighty-three artificial propagation obtain at Function.The same year, Micropterus salmonoides introduce Guangdong Province from China Taiwan, and the ground such as subsequent Jiangsu, Hubei, Anhui are also introduced in succession.It is now wide Dong Sheng is still the major production areas of largemouth bass, and annual output accounts for 60% of gross domestic product or more, and East China includes Hefei market Largemouth bass is greatly mostly from In Guangdong Province.The raising of traditional Micropterus salmonoides is mainly based on chilled, the feed system of whole chilled cultivation Number is 4.0 or so.There are problems for chilled cultivation: (1) water quality is perishable, feeds chilled acceleration water quality deterioration, big volume production for a long time Raw blue-green alge wawter bloom, water body concentration of narmful substance increase, and water quality is easy to be deteriorated, and raiser is caused frequently to change water, and what is be discharged supports Waste water is grown without any processing, and easily river is polluted;(2) disease is easily sent out, feed it is chilled during bring a large amount of disease into Original, such as nocardiasis, rotation disease, kidney necrosis;(3) environmental pollution, it is chilled need to thaw after feed, raiser takes chilled It after out, generally directly thaws in side of a pond solarization, chilled fish ice water crossing current, unpleasant, fly of smelling as of rotten fish is caused disorderly to fly;(4) hidden danger of quality, It will affect surrounding aqueous environment after the discharge of untreated breeding wastewater, cause anhydrous interchangeable, after disease occurs, largely use antibiosis It is exceeded that the drug of plain class will lead to medicament residue, reduces aquatic product quality, influences food safety.Due to it is chilled feed hidden danger compared with More, artifical compound feed is still inevitable development trend.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feeds, design for Micropterus salmonoides fry, raise Expect that ingredient is highly-safe, have no toxic side effect, improve Micropterus salmonoides fry function of intestinal canal, improves the survival rate of Micropterus salmonoides fry, Guarantee fry fast-growth, reduces feed coefficient.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feed is mixed by following raw material by weight: import white fish meal 20- 30 parts, short 7-15 parts of the fibre of ferment collagen, 10-15 parts of snail powder, 5-10 parts of earthworm powder, 3-6 parts of Kelp Powder, soybean slag of whitewashing 10-15 parts, 3-6 parts of the grape pip dregs of rice, 5-10 parts of starch, 3-16 parts of fecula, 3-5 parts of fish oil, 3-5 parts of soybean lecithin powder, phosphoric acid 2-3 parts of calcium dihydrogen, 1-2 parts of choline chloride.
The present invention is designed for Micropterus salmonoides fry, for the more fragile alimentary canal of fry, adds ferment in feed formula The short fibre of collagen, the short fibre of ferment collagen can increase nutrition, improve Micropterus salmonoides fry function of intestinal canal.Ferment collagen Short fibre mixes ferment with collagen, and using spinning technique, ferment is coated in collagen, collagen gradually The slow release of ferment is realized in dissolution.Ferment does not contact directly with water, and will not spread rapidly in water causes ferment to lose, and mentions The high utilization rate of ferment;With the gradually dissolution of collagen, ferment gradually mitigates release in the digestive system of fish body, keeps away Exempt from directly to stimulate fish body digestive system rapidly, makes ferment that can also play the protection to fish body digestive system when playing a role, together When can also make ferment action and efficacy for a long time play.
Rationally, nutrition is balanced, can effectively meet the growth demand of Micropterus salmonoides fry, together for feed each component cooperation of the present invention When can improve the survival rate of Micropterus salmonoides fry, guarantee fry fast-growth, reduce feed coefficient.
Preferably, the short fibre of ferment collagen is made as follows:
(1) by collagen 10-15 parts by weight, pectase powder 4-5 parts by weight, polylactic acid 1-2 parts by weight and solvent 100 parts by weight of hexafluoroisopropanol obtain spinning solution after mixing;
(2) by the spinning head of spinning solution injection filament spinning component, under the action of the centrifugal force, spinneret orifice of the spinning solution through spinning head Thread is thrown away, perpendicular to thread direction to thread jets of heated air, under hot air acting, solvent is by thermal evaporation, thread solidification Obtain spun filament;
(3) spun filament obtains ferment collagen long filament after vacuum freeze drying, obtains ferment glue after cutting into length 1-3mm The former short fibre of albumen.
Preferably, the pectase powder is prepared via a method which and obtains: fruit and vegetable materials are cleaned, sterilizing, are crushed Afterwards, it pours into fermentor, the white granulated sugar that the 10%-15% of fruit and vegetable materials total weight is added is uniformly mixed, and is sealed at room temperature It ferments 6-8 months, tunning obtains pectase powder after filter vacuum freeze-drying through filtering.
Preferably, the fruit and vegetable materials form by weight it is as follows: 10-20 parts of carrot, 5-10 parts of green plum, hawthorn 1-3 parts, 5-8 parts of Kiwi berry, 15-20 parts of pumpkin, 8-12 parts of banana, 5-10 parts of cucumber, 5-8 parts of pawpaw, 6-9 parts of orange, tomato 3-5 parts, 2-3 parts of peanut.The cooperation of pectase powder raw material each component of the present invention is designed for Micropterus salmonoides fry, to increase battalion It supports, improves Micropterus salmonoides fry function of intestinal canal.
Preferably, in step (2), centrifugal force 6500-7000g.
Preferably, the aperture of spinneret orifice is 0.3-0.5mm in step (2).
Preferably, the temperature of hot-air is 42-45 DEG C in step (2), hot-air flow velocity is 4-6 meter per second.
A kind of preparation method of Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feed, by import white fish meal, snail powder, earthworm powder, Kelp Powder, Whitewashing soybean slag, the grape pip dregs of rice, starch, fecula, soybean lecithin powder, calcium dihydrogen phosphate and choline chloride mix, and are crushed to 80- 100 mesh obtain base-material, and it is 20-22% that base-material is modulated into moisture content in quality-adjusting device, obtain subsequently into bulking machine curing 50-90s ripe Material, clinker cooling to the short fine mixing of 35-40 DEG C of addition ferment collagen, is granulated into pelletizer, dry, then is carried out with fish oil Airless spraying, it is cooling, obtain finished product.
Preparation method of the invention, now by work of the feed ingredient through high temperature and humidity high pressure except the short fibre of ferment collagen With can play the role of sterilizing, make protein denaturation, destroy anti-nutritional factors, improve the gelatinization degree of starch, improve digestibility While also improve water stability.It is finally that ferment collagen is short in order to avoid the short fine thermal denaturation of ferment collagen It is fine to be mixed with clinker after cooling.
Preferably, the vapor tension control in the quality-adjusting device is 0.3-0.5MPa, refining temperature is 90-105 DEG C, quenched Time 180-300s.
Preferably, the swelling temperature control of the bulking machine, at 110-145 DEG C, the speed of mainshaft of bulking machine, which controls, is 400-600r/min。
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: feed each component cooperation of the present invention is rationally, nutrition is balanced, can effectively meet largemouth bass The growth demand of fish fry, while the survival rate of Micropterus salmonoides fry can be improved, guarantee fry fast-growth, reduces feed system Number.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention will be further explained in detail.
In the present invention, if not refering in particular to, used raw material and equipment etc. are commercially available or commonly used in the art. Method in following embodiments is unless otherwise instructed the conventional method of this field.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feed is mixed by following raw material by weight: import white fish meal 20 Part, ferment collagen is fine 15 parts short, and 15 parts of snail powder, 10 parts of earthworm powder, 6 parts of Kelp Powder, whitewash 15 parts of soybean slag, grape pip 6 parts of the dregs of rice, 10 parts of starch, 3 parts of fecula, 5 parts of fish oil, 5 parts of soybean lecithin powder, 3 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of choline chloride.
The short fibre of ferment collagen is made as follows:
(1) by 10 parts by weight of collagen, 4 parts by weight of pectase powder, 1 parts by weight of polylactic acid and solvent hexafluoro isopropyl 100 parts by weight of alcohol obtain spinning solution after mixing.The pectase powder is prepared via a method which and obtains: fruit and vegetable materials are cleaned, Sterilizing after being crushed, is poured into fermentor, and 10% white granulated sugar that fruit and vegetable materials total weight is added is uniformly mixed, at room temperature It is sealed by fermentation 6 months, tunning obtains pectase powder after filter vacuum freeze-drying through filtering.The fruit and vegetable materials are by weight It is as follows to measure part meter composition: 10 parts of carrot, 10 parts of green plum, 1 part of hawthorn, 5 parts of Kiwi berry, 20 parts of pumpkin, 8 parts of banana, cucumber 10 Part, 5 parts of pawpaw, 9 parts of orange, 3 parts of tomato, 2 parts of peanut.
(2) by the spinning head of spinning solution injection filament spinning component, under the effect of 7000g centrifugal force, spinning solution is through spinning head Spinneret orifice (aperture 0.3mm) throws away thread, and perpendicular to thread direction to thread jets of heated air, 42 DEG C of the temperature of hot-air is hot Air velocity is 4 meter per seconds, and under hot air acting, for solvent by thermal evaporation, thread solidifies to obtain spun filament.
(3) spun filament obtains ferment collagen long filament after vacuum freeze drying, obtains ferment glue after cutting into length 1-3mm The former short fibre of albumen.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feed is mixed by following raw material by weight: import white fish meal 30 Part, ferment collagen is fine 7 parts short, and 10 parts of snail powder, 5 parts of earthworm powder, 3 parts of Kelp Powder, whitewash 10 parts of soybean slag, the grape pip dregs of rice 3 parts, 5 parts of starch, 16 parts of fecula, 3 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean lecithin powder, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part of choline chloride.
The short fibre of ferment collagen is made as follows:
(1) by 15 parts by weight of collagen, 5 parts by weight of pectase powder, 2 parts by weight of polylactic acid and solvent hexafluoro isopropyl 100 parts by weight of alcohol obtain spinning solution after mixing.The pectase powder is prepared via a method which and obtains: fruit and vegetable materials are cleaned, Sterilizing after being crushed, is poured into fermentor, and 15% white granulated sugar that fruit and vegetable materials total weight is added is uniformly mixed, at room temperature It is sealed by fermentation 8 months, tunning obtains pectase powder after filter vacuum freeze-drying through filtering.The fruit and vegetable materials are by weight It is as follows to measure part meter composition: 20 parts of carrot, 5 parts of green plum, 3 parts of hawthorn, 8 parts of Kiwi berry, 15 parts of pumpkin, 12 parts of banana, cucumber 5 Part, 8 parts of pawpaw, 6 parts of orange, 5 parts of tomato, 3 parts of peanut.
(2) by the spinning head of spinning solution injection filament spinning component, under the effect of 6500g centrifugal force, spinning solution is through spinning head Spinneret orifice (aperture 0.5mm) throws away thread, and perpendicular to thread direction to thread jets of heated air, the temperature 45 C of hot-air is warm Air velocity is 6 meter per seconds, and under hot air acting, for solvent by thermal evaporation, thread solidifies to obtain spun filament.
(3) spun filament obtains ferment collagen long filament after vacuum freeze drying, obtains ferment glue after cutting into length 1-3mm The former short fibre of albumen.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feed is mixed by following raw material by weight: import white fish meal 25 Part, ferment collagen is fine 10 parts short, and 12 parts of snail powder, 8 parts of earthworm powder, 4 parts of Kelp Powder, whitewash 12 parts of soybean slag, grape pip 4 parts of the dregs of rice, 7 parts of starch, 10 parts of fecula, 4 parts of fish oil, 4 parts of soybean lecithin powder, 2.5 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5 parts of choline chloride.
The short fibre of ferment collagen is made as follows:
(1) by 12 parts by weight of collagen, 4.5 parts by weight of pectase powder, 1.5 parts by weight of polylactic acid and solvent hexafluoro 100 parts by weight of isopropanol obtain spinning solution after mixing.The pectase powder is prepared via a method which and obtains: fruit and vegetable materials warp Cleaning, sterilizing after being crushed, are poured into fermentor, 12% white granulated sugar that fruit and vegetable materials total weight is added is uniformly mixed, room Temperature is lower to be sealed by fermentation 7 months, and tunning is filtered, and obtains pectase powder after filter vacuum freeze-drying.The fruit and vegetable materials It forms by weight as follows: 15 parts of carrot, 8 parts of green plum, 2 parts of hawthorn, 6 parts of Kiwi berry, 18 parts of pumpkin, 10 parts of banana, yellow 7 parts of melon, 6 parts of pawpaw, 7 parts of orange, 4 parts of tomato, 2 parts of peanut.
(2) by the spinning head of spinning solution injection filament spinning component, under the effect of 7000g centrifugal force, spinning solution is through spinning head Spinneret orifice (aperture 0.4mm) throws away thread, and perpendicular to thread direction to thread jets of heated air, 43 DEG C of the temperature of hot-air is hot Air velocity is 5 meter per seconds, and under hot air acting, for solvent by thermal evaporation, thread solidifies to obtain spun filament.
(3) spun filament obtains ferment collagen long filament after vacuum freeze drying, obtains ferment glue after cutting into length 1-3mm The former short fibre of albumen.
It is of the invention the preparation method comprises the following steps: by import white fish meal, snail powder, earthworm powder, Kelp Powder, whitewashing soybean slag, grape The seed dregs of rice, starch, fecula, soybean lecithin powder, calcium dihydrogen phosphate and choline chloride mix, and are crushed to 80-100 mesh and obtain base-material, base It is 20-22% that material is modulated into moisture content in quality-adjusting device, obtains clinker subsequently into bulking machine curing 50-90s, clinker cooling is extremely The short fine mixing of 35-40 DEG C of addition ferment collagen, is granulated into pelletizer, dry, then carries out airless spraying with fish oil, cold But, finished product is obtained.Vapor tension control in the quality-adjusting device is 0.3-0.5MPa, and refining temperature is 90-105 DEG C, conditioning period 180-300s.At 110-145 DEG C, the speed of mainshaft control of bulking machine is 400-600r/ for the swelling temperature control of the bulking machine min。
Application example
The chilled comparative test for feeding Micropterus salmonoides and forage feed Micropterus salmonoides of the present invention
The used largemouth bass fry of test comes from Guangdong, 3-4 centimetres of specification, each 1.5 ten thousand tail of quantity, respectively with 5 × 5 × The net cage of 2.5m is fed, and it is 0.8 centimetre that initial stage, which puts mesh specification in a suitable place to breed, during culture experiment, is adjusted according to fish body size Whole mesh specification has divided dilute net cage to 4 mouthfuls of 5 × 5 × 2.5m until off-test respectively, and 4 centimetres of mesh specification.2 are fed daily It is secondary, it is satiated with food and feeds.Test period is that 2016.6.1 to 2016.10.30 amounts to 153 days.
It can be seen that feeding the group survival rate of feed of the present invention, individual counterpoise all significantly more than chilled group in table, raise Material coefficient is also significantly lower than chilled group.
Above-mentioned embodiment is only a preferred solution of the present invention, not the present invention is made in any form Limitation, there are also other variations and modifications on the premise of not exceeding the technical scheme recorded in the claims.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feed, which is characterized in that by weight, be mixed by following raw material: import 20-30 parts of white fish meal, short 7-15 parts of the fibre of ferment collagen, 10-15 parts of snail powder, 5-10 parts of earthworm powder, 3-6 parts of Kelp Powder, Whitewashing soybean slag 10-15 parts, 3-6 parts of the grape pip dregs of rice, 5-10 parts of starch, 3-16 parts of fecula, 3-5 parts of fish oil, soybean lecithin powder 3-5 parts, 2-3 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of choline chloride;
The short fibre of ferment collagen is made as follows:
(1) by collagen 10-15 parts by weight, pectase powder 4-5 parts by weight, polylactic acid 1-2 parts by weight and solvent hexafluoro 100 parts by weight of isopropanol obtain spinning solution after mixing;
(2) by the spinning head of spinning solution injection filament spinning component, under the action of the centrifugal force, spinning solution is thrown away through the spinneret orifice of spinning head Thread, perpendicular to thread direction to thread jets of heated air, under hot air acting, by thermal evaporation, thread solidifies first solvent Raw silk;
(3) spun filament obtains ferment collagen long filament after vacuum freeze drying, obtains ferment collagen egg after cutting into length 1-3mm White short fibre;
The Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feed the preparation method comprises the following steps: by import white fish meal, snail powder, earthworm powder, Kelp Powder, spray It starches soybean slag, the grape pip dregs of rice, starch, fecula, soybean lecithin powder, calcium dihydrogen phosphate and choline chloride to mix, is crushed to 80- 100 mesh obtain base-material, and it is 20-22% that base-material is modulated into moisture content in quality-adjusting device, obtain subsequently into bulking machine curing 50-90s ripe Material, clinker cooling to the short fine mixing of 35-40 DEG C of addition ferment collagen, is granulated into pelletizer, dry, then is carried out with fish oil Airless spraying, it is cooling, obtain finished product.
2. a kind of Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feed according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pectase powder is logical Following method is crossed to be prepared: fruit and vegetable materials are cleaned, sterilizing, it is broken after, pour into fermentor, fruit and vegetable materials total weight be added The white granulated sugar of 10%-15% be uniformly mixed, be sealed by fermentation at room temperature 6-8 months, tunning is through filtering, filter vacuum Pectase powder is obtained after freeze-drying.
3. a kind of Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feed according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the fruit and vegetable materials are by weight It is as follows to measure part meter composition: 10-20 parts of carrot, 5-10 parts of green plum, 1-3 parts of hawthorn, 5-8 parts of Kiwi berry, 15-20 parts of pumpkin, fragrant 8-12 parts of any of several broadleaf plants, 5-10 parts of cucumber, 5-8 parts of pawpaw, 6-9 parts of orange, 3-5 parts of tomato, 2-3 parts of peanut.
4. a kind of Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feed according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that in step (2), from Mental and physical efforts are 6500-7000g.
5. a kind of Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feed according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that in step (2), spray The aperture of wire hole is 0.3-0.5mm.
6. a kind of Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feed according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that in step (2), heat The temperature of air is 42-45 DEG C, and hot-air flow velocity is 4-6 meter per second.
7. a kind of preparation method of Micropterus salmonoides fry mixed feed as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that by import whitefish Powder, snail powder, earthworm powder, Kelp Powder, whitewashing soybean slag, the grape pip dregs of rice, starch, fecula, soybean lecithin powder, calcium dihydrogen phosphate And choline chloride mixes, and is crushed to 80-100 mesh and obtains base-material, it is 20-22% that base-material is modulated into moisture content in quality-adjusting device, then Clinker is obtained into bulking machine curing 50-90s, clinker cooling is to the short fine mixing of 35-40 DEG C of addition ferment collagen, into granulation Machine is granulated, dry, then carries out airless spraying with fish oil, cooling, obtains finished product.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the vapor tension control in the quality-adjusting device is 0.3- 0.5MPa, refining temperature are 90-105 DEG C, conditioning period 180-300s.
9. preparation method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the swelling temperature of the bulking machine is controlled in 110- 145 DEG C, the speed of mainshaft control of bulking machine is 400-600r/min.
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