CN107041415B - Fish scale descaling machine - Google Patents
Fish scale descaling machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN107041415B CN107041415B CN201710478020.3A CN201710478020A CN107041415B CN 107041415 B CN107041415 B CN 107041415B CN 201710478020 A CN201710478020 A CN 201710478020A CN 107041415 B CN107041415 B CN 107041415B
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- descaling
- fish
- scale
- barrel
- friction
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
- A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
- A22C25/00—Processing fish ; Curing of fish; Stunning of fish by electric current; Investigating fish by optical means
- A22C25/02—Washing or descaling fish
Abstract
The invention relates to a fish scale removing machine, and belongs to the technical field of food processing machinery. The fish scale descaling machine comprises a frame, a screening and discharging device, a feeding device, a weight measuring device and a friction descaling device: the device comprises a rack, a friction descaling device, a weight measuring device, a feeding device and a control device, wherein the friction descaling device is arranged on the rack; and a screening and discharging device is arranged below the friction descaling device. The fish scale descaling machine is simple in structure and high in production efficiency, realizes continuous mechanical fish body descaling production, solves the problems of high labor intensity and low production efficiency existing in the existing manual descaling process, and is particularly suitable for the use of fish processing pretreatment work of production enterprises.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fish scale removing machine, and belongs to the technical field of food processing machinery.
Background
The fish must go through the preliminary treatment processes such as descaling, evisceration, black coating, etc. before the deep processing, in the actual production at present, many preliminary treatment processes of the fish processing enterprises of China adopt the manual operation, its production efficiency is low, the quality standard is difficult to control, especially while dealing with a large amount of raw materials fish, need a large amount of manpower and materials to invest, the labor intensity of the operating workers is very large, the production efficiency is low, therefore, it is necessary to develop a kind of simple in construction, production efficiency is high, the fabrication cost is low, can carry on the fish processing machinery of the preliminary treatment of production; so as to meet the production requirements of fish product processing enterprises.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the fish scale removing machine has the advantages of high production efficiency, low manufacturing cost and simple structure, and can effectively meet the production requirements of fish product processing enterprises.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
a fish scale removing machine comprises a frame, a screening and discharging device, a feeding device, a weight measuring device and a friction scale removing device; the method is characterized in that: the device comprises a rack, a friction descaling device, a weight measuring device, a feeding device and a control device, wherein the friction descaling device is arranged on the rack; and a screening and discharging device is arranged below the friction descaling device.
The friction descaling device consists of a driving motor, a descaling barrel and a descaling roller, the descaling barrel is slidably mounted on the rack, and the driving motor is mounted on the rack above the descaling barrel; the descaling barrel is internally provided with a descaling roller, the upper end of the descaling roller penetrates through the descaling barrel and then is connected with the driving motor, and the lower end of the descaling roller is intermittently and hermetically connected with the descaling barrel.
The two sides of the descaling barrel are fixedly provided with assembling slide bars, and a jacking cylinder is arranged below the assembling slide bars; the jacking cylinder is connected with the assembling slide rod; and a guide sliding hole is formed in the rack on one side of each assembling sliding rod, and the assembling sliding rods are connected with the guide sliding holes in a sliding manner.
The descaling barrel is a cylinder with the upper end sealed; the descaling barrel is provided with a feeding hole and a flushing hole, and the inner surface of the descaling barrel is provided with descaling lines or descaling teeth.
And a washing nozzle corresponding to the washing hole is arranged on the frame above the washing hole.
The descaling roller consists of a descaling shaft, descaling blades and a blocking cover; the descaling shaft is provided with descaling blades, the lower end of the descaling shaft is provided with a blocking cover, and the blocking cover is connected with the descaling barrel in an intermittent sealing manner.
The scale removing blade is spiral, and scale removing lines or scale removing teeth are arranged on the surface of the scale removing blade.
The circumference of the descaling shaft is provided with descaling lines or descaling teeth.
The inner surface of the blocking cover is provided with scale removing grains or scale removing teeth.
The feeding device consists of a stock bin, a stock bin gate and a conveying belt; the top of conveyer belt is provided with the feed bin, and the bottom of feed bin is provided with the feed bin floodgate.
The weight measuring device is composed of a blanking hopper and a weighing sensor: a discharging hopper is fixedly arranged on the frame, and a weighing sensor is arranged in the discharging hopper; the upper end of the discharging hopper corresponds to one end of the conveying belt, and the lower end of the discharging hopper is communicated with the feeding hole of the descaling barrel through a conveying hose.
The screening and discharging device consists of a fish outlet chute, a scale outlet chute, a fish scale collecting basket, a finished fish collecting basket and a wastewater collecting hopper; a scale outlet chute is fixedly arranged below the friction descaling device, and one side of the scale outlet chute is connected with a scale collecting basket; a fish outlet chute is fixedly arranged above the scale outlet chute; one side of the fish outlet chute is connected with a finished fish collecting basket; a waste water collecting hopper is fixedly arranged below the scale outlet chute.
The fish outlet chute consists of a fish protecting cylinder and a chute body; the lower end of the fish protection cylinder is fixedly provided with a chute body; a plurality of scale leaking holes are regularly arranged on the bottom plate of the chute body; the lower end of the friction descaling device is positioned in the fish protection barrel.
And water leakage sieve meshes are regularly arranged on the bottom plate of the scale outlet chute.
The fish scale descaling machine is provided with a controller, and the controller is connected with the feeding device, the weight measuring device and the friction descaling device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the fish scale descaling machine is simple in structure and high in production efficiency, when the fish scale descaling machine works, fish bodies to be processed are conveyed into a descaling barrel of a friction descaling device through the feeding device and the weight measuring device, fish scales on the fish bodies are removed under the friction action of the descaling rollers and the inner wall of the descaling barrel, and the descaling effect is good. The continuous and mechanical production of fish body descaling is realized, the problems of high labor intensity and low production efficiency existing in the conventional manual descaling are solved, and the method is particularly suitable for fish processing pretreatment work of production enterprises.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a rack, 2, a driving motor, 3, a descaling barrel, 4, a jacking cylinder, 5, a blanking cover, 6, an assembling slide rod, 7, a feeding hole, 8, a flushing hole, 9, a flushing nozzle, 10, a descaling shaft, 11, a descaling blade, 12, a chute body, 13, a guide slide hole, 14, a bin, 15, a bin gate, 16, a conveying belt, 17, a blanking hopper, 18, a weighing sensor, 19, a conveying hose, 20, a descaling chute, 21, a fish scale collecting basket, 22, a finished fish collecting basket, 23, a wastewater collecting hopper, 24 and a fish protecting barrel.
Detailed Description
The fish scale descaling machine comprises a frame 1, a screening and discharging device, a feeding device, a weight measuring device and a friction descaling device: the frame 1 is provided with a friction descaling device.
The friction descaling device consists of a driving motor 2, a descaling barrel 3 and a descaling roller, and the descaling barrel 3 is slidably mounted on the rack 1; two sides of the descaling barrel 3 are fixedly provided with assembling slide bars 6, and a jacking cylinder 4 is arranged below the assembling slide bars 6; the jacking cylinder 4 is fixedly connected with the assembling slide rod 6; a guide sliding hole 13 is longitudinally formed in the rack 1 on one side of the assembling sliding rod 6, and the assembling sliding rod 6 is connected with the rack 1 in a sliding mode through the guide sliding hole 13.
The jacking cylinder 4 can drive the descaling barrel 3 to move up and down through the assembly slide rod 6. The purpose of the guide slide hole 13 is to: so that the descaling barrel 3 moves up and down along the frame 1 under the guidance of the assembling slide rod 6 and the guide slide hole 13 when working, and the intermittent sealing connection between the descaling barrel 3 and the blocking cover 5 is further ensured.
The descaling barrel 3 is a cylinder with a sealed upper end, and a feed inlet 7 and a flushing hole 8 are arranged on the descaling barrel 3. A washing nozzle 9 corresponding to the washing hole 8 is arranged on the frame 1 above the washing hole 8. The washing nozzle 9 is communicated with an external cleaning water source.
A driving motor 2 is arranged on the frame 1 above the descaling barrel 3; a descaling roller is arranged in the descaling barrel 3 and consists of a descaling shaft 10, descaling blades 11 and a blocking cover 5; the descaling shaft 10 is provided with a descaling blade 11 in a spiral shape.
As an improvement of the invention, the descaling blades 11 which are spirally arranged are of a conical structure with narrow upper end and wide lower end; the purpose of so setting is: when the descaling blades 11 drive the fish bodies to move upwards to the upper ends, the descaling blades 11 gradually narrow, so that the fish bodies lose support and slide into the closed space between the descaling blades 11 and the descaling barrel 3, and the fish bodies roll up and down in the descaling barrel 3 conveniently.
As another improvement of the invention, an elastic scraper is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the top part of the descaling barrel 3 above the descaling blades 11; the elastic scraper is connected with the upper end of the descaling blade 11 in a sliding way. The purpose of the arrangement is as follows: so that when the descaling blades 11 drive the fish bodies to move upwards to the upper ends, the elastic scraper can scrape the fish bodies from the descaling blades 11 into the closed space between the descaling blades 11 and the descaling barrel 3, and the fish bodies can conveniently roll up and down in the descaling barrel 3.
The circumferential surface of the descaling shaft 10 and the surfaces of the descaling blades 11 are provided with descaling lines or descaling teeth. The scale removing lines are wave-shaped, linear or zigzag, and the scale removing teeth are triangular, conical or cylindrical. The purpose of setting the scale removing lines or the scale removing teeth is as follows: the friction coefficient between the surface of the descaling blades 11 and the circumferential surface of the descaling shaft 10 is increased, so that when the fish body to be processed moves relative to the descaling blades 11 and the descaling shaft 10, the scales on the surface of the fish body can be removed through friction. The upper end of a descaling shaft 10 of the descaling roll penetrates through the descaling barrel 3 and then is connected with the driving motor 2.
The lower end of the descaling shaft 10 is provided with a blocking cover 5; the inner surface of the blocking cover 5 and the inner surface of the descaling barrel 3 are both provided with descaling lines or descaling teeth, the descaling lines are wave-shaped, linear or zigzag, and the descaling teeth are triangular, conical or cylindrical. The purpose of setting the scale removing lines or the scale removing teeth is as follows: the friction coefficient of the inner surface of the descaling barrel 3 and the inner surface of the blocking cover 5 is increased, so that fish scales on the surface of the fish body can be removed through friction force when the fish body is rubbed with the descaling barrel 3 and the blocking cover 5. The blocking cover 5 is connected with the descaling barrel 3 in an intermittent sealing way.
A weight measuring device is arranged above the friction descaling device and consists of a lower hopper 17 and a weighing sensor 18: a lower hopper 17 is fixedly arranged on the frame 1, and a weighing sensor 18 is arranged in the lower hopper 17; the load cell 18 is connected to the controller.
The upper end of the lower hopper 17 corresponds to one end of the conveyor belt 16, and the lower end of the lower hopper 17 is communicated with the feed port 7 through a conveying hose 19. The purpose of the delivery hose 19 is to: the fish is guided from the hopper 17 into the feed opening 7.
A feeding device is arranged above one side of the weight measuring device, and the feeding device consists of a bin 14, a bin gate 15 and a conveying belt 16; a bin 14 is arranged above the conveyor belt 16, and a bin gate 15 is arranged at the bottom of the bin 14.
And a screening and discharging device is arranged below the friction descaling device. The screening and discharging device consists of a fish outlet chute, a scale outlet chute 20, a fish scale collecting basket 21, a finished fish collecting basket 22 and a waste water collecting hopper 23.
A scale outlet chute 20 is fixedly arranged below the friction descaling device, and water leakage sieve holes are regularly arranged on the bottom plate of the scale outlet chute 20. One side of the scale outlet chute 20 is connected with a scale collecting basket 21. The holes of the water leakage sieve holes are small, so that washing water can leak out of the water leakage sieve holes, and the fish scales are blocked on the upper surface of the scale outlet chute 20 by the water leakage sieve holes.
A fish outlet chute is fixedly arranged above the scale outlet chute 20; the fish outlet chute consists of a fish protecting cylinder 24 and a chute body 12; the lower end of the fish protection cylinder 24 is fixedly provided with a chute body 12; the lower end of the friction descaling device is positioned inside the fish protection cylinder 24. The purpose of setting up and protecting fish section of thick bamboo 24 is: so that the processed fish body falls into the chute body 12 under the action of the fish protection barrel 24 when flowing out of the friction descaling device, thereby avoiding the problem that the fish body slides and leaks and cannot fall onto the chute body 12.
A plurality of scale leaking holes are regularly arranged on the bottom plate of the chute body 12; the fish scales can fall onto the scale discharge chute 20 through the scale leakage holes, and the fish scales can be blocked on the surface of the bottom plate of the chute body 12 by the scale leakage holes.
One side of the chute body 12 is connected with a finished fish collecting basket 22; the purpose of arranging the fish scale collecting basket 21 and the finished fish collecting basket 22 into basket-shaped structures is as follows: so that washing water entering the fish scale collecting basket 21 and the finished fish collecting basket 22 is smoothly discharged, and the problem that the washing water occupies an effective space when being stored inside the fish scale collecting basket 21 and the finished fish collecting basket 22 is avoided.
A waste water collecting hopper 23 is fixedly arranged below the scale outlet chute 20. The wastewater collection hopper 23 is communicated with an external water treatment system.
The fish scale descaling machine is provided with a controller, and the controller is connected with the feeding device, the weight measuring device and the friction descaling device. The controller can control the actions of the driving motor 2, the bin gate 15, the conveyer belt 16, the jacking cylinder 4 and the washing nozzle 9.
When the fish scale removing machine works, fish bodies to be processed are firstly put into the storage bin 14, and then the controller is started. The bin gate 15 and the conveyer belt 16 are opened under the control of the controller; at the moment, the fish bodies in the storage bin 14 fall onto the conveying belt 16 one by one; the conveyor belt 16 feeds the fish bodies to be treated in turn into a discharge hopper 17.
The fish bodies entering the discharging hopper 17 are detected by the weighing sensor 18, then fall into the descaling barrel 3 through the conveying hose 19 and the feeding hole 7, and finally are accumulated in the descaling barrel 3. In the process, the weighing sensor 18 transmits the detection impact value of the single fish body to the controller; the controller superposes the impact force of the single fish body, and when the superposed impact force is larger than a certain numerical value, the controller closes the bin gate 15 and the conveying belt 16.
In the process, because the impact force of the fish body is in a certain proportional relation with the weight of the fish body, when the superposed impact force is larger than a certain numerical value, the total weight of each fish body is inevitably larger than a certain numerical value. At the moment, the controller closes the bin gate 15 and the conveying belt 16, so that the fish bodies can stop entering the descaling barrel 3, the fish bodies in the descaling barrel 3 keep a certain total amount, the stacking height of the fish bodies is kept in a reasonable range, the problem that the descaling barrel 3 is blocked due to too many fish bodies is solved, and the problem that the efficiency is low due to too few fish bodies in the descaling barrel 3 is solved.
After the bin gate 15 and the conveyor belt 16 are closed, the driving motor 2 is started. The driving motor 2 drives the descaling roller to rotate, and the rotation direction of the descaling roller is opposite to the spiral direction of the descaling blades 11. In the rotating process of the descaling roller, the descaling blades 11 form a friction force on the fish body along the spiral surface, so that the fish body rolls up and down in the descaling barrel 3. The fish body generates contact friction with the descaling blades 11, the inner wall of the descaling barrel 3, the blanking cover 5 and the descaling shaft 10 in the rolling and rotating process, thereby achieving the purpose of descaling. And collision friction between fish bodies can remove part of fish scales.
When the descaling roller rotates for a certain time and part of fish scales are removed, the jacking cylinder 4 drives the descaling barrel 3 to move upwards to a specified position through the assembling slide rod 6. At the moment, a certain gap is reserved between the descaling barrel 3 and the blocking cover 5, only fish scales can pass through the gap, and fish bodies still remain in the descaling barrel 3.
Then, the washing head 9 is started, and the washing head 9 sprays washing water into the descaling barrel 3 through the washing holes 8 to wash the inside of the descaling barrel 3. Under the action of water flow, the fish scales flow out from a gap between the descaling barrel 3 and the blocking cover 5 along with the water flow, and fall onto the scale discharge chute 20 after passing through the scale discharge holes of the chute body 12. The fish scales falling on the scale discharge chute 20 fall into the scale collection basket 21 along the scale discharge chute 20 under the action of gravity and the impact of water flow. The flush water then passes through the water leaking mesh and falls into the waste water collection hopper 23 and is finally recovered by the water treatment system.
After the washing nozzle 9 washes for a period of time, the jacking cylinder 4 is closed, and the descaling barrel 3 is driven to reset by the assembling slide rod 6. The above action is then repeated for the flush head 9 and the jacking cylinders 4. Thus, the surface of the fish body and the inside of the descaling barrel 3 can be cleaned, and the fallen fish scales are separated from the fish body. And further the problem that the descaling effect of the friction descaling device is influenced when too many scales fall off from the descaling barrel 3 is avoided.
After the processes are finished, the jacking cylinder 4 drives the descaling barrel 3 to move upwards to the highest position through the assembling slide rod 6. At this time, the descaling barrel 3 and the blocking cover 5 keep a certain interval, and the fish bodies and the fish scales are discharged from the interval and fall onto the chute body 12 of the fish outlet chute under the action of self gravity.
And when the descaling barrel 3 moves upwards, the flushing nozzle 9 is started, and the flushing nozzle 9 sprays flushing water into the descaling barrel 3 through the flushing holes 8 to flush the descaling barrel. The fish body and the fish scales fall onto the chute body 12 of the fish chute under the action of water flow and self gravity; then the fish body falls into finished product fish collection basket 22 along chute body 12 under the effect of self gravity, and rivers drive the fish scale to pass behind the hourglass scale hole of chute body 12 and fall onto the play scale chute 20. Then, the fish scales fall into the fish scale collecting basket 21 along the scale discharging chute 20 under the action of the self gravity and the water flow, and the washing water falling into the scale discharging chute 20 falls into the waste water collecting hopper 23 through the water leakage sieve holes and is finally recovered through the water treatment system.
After the fish body descaling recovery work is finished, the flushing nozzle 9 and the driving motor 2 are closed, and the jacking cylinder 4 drives the descaling barrel 3 to reset through the assembling slide rod 6. The controller then opens the bin gate 15 and starts the conveyor belt 16, and the next working cycle can be entered.
The fish scale descaling machine is simple in structure and high in production efficiency, realizes continuous mechanical fish body descaling production, solves the problems of high labor intensity and low production efficiency existing in the existing manual descaling process, and is particularly suitable for the use of fish processing pretreatment work of production enterprises.
Claims (5)
1. A fish scale removing machine comprises a frame (1), a screening and discharging device, a feeding device, a weight measuring device and a friction scale removing device; the method is characterized in that: a friction descaling device is installed on the rack (1), a weight measuring device is arranged above the friction descaling device, a feeding device is arranged above one side of the weight measuring device, and the feeding device is communicated with the friction descaling device through the weight measuring device; a screening and discharging device is arranged below the friction descaling device; the friction descaling device consists of a driving motor (2), a descaling barrel (3) and a descaling roller, wherein the descaling barrel (3) is slidably mounted on the rack (1), and the driving motor (2) is mounted on the rack (1) above the descaling barrel (3); a descaling roller is arranged in the descaling barrel (3), the upper end of the descaling roller penetrates through the descaling barrel (3) and then is connected with the driving motor (2), and the lower end of the descaling roller is intermittently and hermetically connected with the descaling barrel (3); an assembly slide rod (6) is fixedly arranged on two sides of the descaling barrel (3), and a jacking cylinder (4) is arranged below the assembly slide rod (6); the jacking cylinder (4) is connected with the assembling slide rod (6); a guide sliding hole (13) is formed in the rack (1) on one side of each assembly sliding rod (6), and the assembly sliding rods (6) are connected with the guide sliding holes (13) in a sliding mode; the descaling barrel (3) is a cylinder with the upper end sealed; the descaling barrel (3) is provided with a feed inlet (7) and a flushing hole (8), and the inner surface of the descaling barrel (3) is provided with descaling lines or descaling teeth; a washing nozzle (9) corresponding to the washing hole (8) is arranged on the frame (1) above the washing hole (8); the descaling roll consists of a descaling shaft (10), descaling blades (11) and a blocking cover (5); the descaling shaft (10) is provided with descaling blades (11), the lower end of the descaling shaft (10) is provided with a blocking cover (5), and the blocking cover (5) is intermittently and hermetically connected with the descaling barrel (3); the scale removing blade (11) is spiral, and scale removing grains or scale removing teeth are arranged on the surface of the scale removing blade (11); scale removing lines or scale removing teeth are arranged on the circumferential surface of the scale removing shaft (10); the inner surface of the blocking cover (5) is provided with scale removing grains or scale removing teeth.
2. A fish scale remover according to claim 1, wherein: the feeding device consists of a storage hopper (14), a storage hopper gate (15) and a conveying belt (16); a bin (14) is arranged above the conveying belt (16), and a bin gate (15) is arranged at the bottom of the bin (14); the weight measuring device is composed of a discharging hopper (17) and a weighing sensor (18): a lower hopper (17) is fixedly arranged on the frame (1), and a weighing sensor (18) is arranged in the lower hopper (17); the upper end of the discharging hopper (17) corresponds to one end of the conveying belt (16), and the lower end of the discharging hopper (17) is communicated with the feeding hole (7) of the descaling barrel (3) through a conveying hose (19).
3. A fish scale remover according to claim 1, wherein: the screening and discharging device consists of a fish outlet chute, a scale outlet chute (20), a fish scale collecting basket (21), a finished fish collecting basket (22) and a wastewater collecting hopper (23); a scale outlet chute (20) is fixedly arranged below the friction descaling device, and one side of the scale outlet chute (20) is connected with a scale collecting basket (21); a fish outlet chute is fixedly arranged above the scale outlet chute (20); one side of the fish outlet chute is connected with a finished fish collecting basket (22); a waste water collecting hopper (23) is fixedly arranged below the scale outlet chute (20).
4. A fish scale remover according to claim 3, wherein: the fish outlet chute consists of a fish protection barrel (24) and a chute body (12); the lower end of the fish protection cylinder (24) is fixedly provided with a chute body (12); a plurality of scale leaking holes are regularly arranged on the bottom plate of the chute body (12); the lower end of the friction descaling device is positioned inside the fish protecting cylinder (24); and water leakage sieve holes are regularly arranged on the bottom plate of the scale outlet chute (20).
5. A fish scale remover according to claim 4, wherein: the fish scale descaling machine is provided with a controller, and the controller is connected with the feeding device, the weight measuring device and the friction descaling device.
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CN107568315B (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2019-09-17 | 宁波渔山小鲜水产有限公司 | A kind of method that scale is removed in fish preliminary working |
CN107494686B (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2019-05-24 | 宁波渔山小鲜水产有限公司 | Fish goes scale equipment |
CN108782715A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-11-13 | 连云港市连云区黄海水产品养殖专业合作社 | Fish scale removal device |
CN112021384A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-04 | 大连国富水产食品有限公司 | Aquatic product production and processing device for red fish or salmon |
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