CN108244666A - A kind of potato peeler structure and peeling machine - Google Patents
A kind of potato peeler structure and peeling machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN108244666A CN108244666A CN201810252048.XA CN201810252048A CN108244666A CN 108244666 A CN108244666 A CN 108244666A CN 201810252048 A CN201810252048 A CN 201810252048A CN 108244666 A CN108244666 A CN 108244666A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N7/00—Peeling vegetables or fruit
- A23N7/02—Peeling potatoes, apples or similarly shaped vegetables or fruit
- A23N7/023—Peeling potatoes, apples or similarly shaped vegetables or fruit one by one
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N7/00—Peeling vegetables or fruit
- A23N2007/007—Brush rollers for peeling fruit or vegetables
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- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种土豆脱皮机构及脱皮机,属于果蔬机械领域。本发明的一种土豆脱皮机,包括脱皮机构、支撑机身和排污机构,所述脱皮机构安装在支撑机身上,利用支撑机身上的喷流管对弧形槽内土豆进行清洗,并从脱皮机构下侧的排污机构进行排污。土豆脱皮机构,包括若干毛刷辊和至少两个砂面辊,所述毛刷辊和砂面辊围绕成弧形槽,用于容纳物料;所述砂面辊间隔设置。本发明将毛刷辊和砂面辊相结合,提高了去皮效率,并能够保证去皮效果;采用该脱皮机构的土豆脱皮机,满足了加工质量和效率的需求。
The invention discloses a potato peeling mechanism and a peeling machine, belonging to the field of fruit and vegetable machinery. A potato peeling machine of the present invention includes a peeling mechanism, a supporting body and a sewage discharge mechanism, the peeling mechanism is installed on the supporting body, and the potatoes in the arc-shaped groove are cleaned by using the jet tube on the supporting body, and Sewage is discharged from the sewage discharge mechanism on the lower side of the peeling mechanism. The potato peeling mechanism includes several brush rollers and at least two sanding rollers, the brush rollers and the sanding rollers surround an arc-shaped groove for accommodating materials; the sanding rollers are arranged at intervals. The invention combines the brush roller and the sanding roller to improve the peeling efficiency and ensure the peeling effect; the potato peeling machine adopting the peeling mechanism meets the requirements of processing quality and efficiency.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及果蔬机械技术领域,更具体地说,涉及一种土豆脱皮机构及脱皮机。The invention relates to the technical field of fruit and vegetable machinery, more specifically, to a potato peeling mechanism and a peeling machine.
背景技术Background technique
在土豆加工过程中,给土豆去皮是一种费时费力的工作,人工去皮效率极低,并且会造成大量浪费,目前大多采用机械设备脱皮。传统的土豆去皮机机结构形式都是采用单一的尼龙丝刷辊,在清洗去皮槽内等速旋转,使槽内的土豆做圆周翻滚,上方喷淋水,连续刷洗土豆表面,将土豆刷洗干净并去皮,完成后人工停机、打开出料盖,以手工或借助简单工具将土豆扒出清洗槽,再人工将土豆倒入清洗槽启动机器再加工,由于是单一尼龙丝刷辊刷洗、土豆单方向翻滚,所以去皮效率低,且清洗不够彻底。In the potato processing process, peeling potatoes is a time-consuming and laborious work. The efficiency of manual peeling is extremely low, and it will cause a lot of waste. At present, most of them use mechanical equipment for peeling. The structure of the traditional potato peeling machine adopts a single nylon wire brush roller, which rotates at a constant speed in the cleaning and peeling tank, so that the potatoes in the tank are rolled in a circle, and water is sprayed on the top to continuously scrub the surface of the potatoes and remove the potatoes Scrub clean and peel the skin. After finishing, stop the machine manually, open the discharge cover, remove the potatoes out of the cleaning tank by hand or with the help of simple tools, then manually pour the potatoes into the cleaning tank and start the machine for further processing. Because it is a single nylon wire brush roller 1. The potatoes are rolled in one direction, so the peeling efficiency is low, and the cleaning is not thorough enough.
如中国专利公开的一种刷式土豆清洗机(申请号:201020530420.8),其主要由刷辊部件、传动部分、出料部分、机架部分等组成。刷辊部件主要由刷辊轴上固定刷壳组成。整机共有11根刷辊。其中一根配置在壳体中央位置。其余刷辊呈近似半圆形、平行排列在机架内。中央刷壳上的刷丝呈螺旋线型凹凸状,其余刷壳栽植的尼龙刷丝呈圆柱形。机架高处连接固定有喷淋管,可实现喷淋冲洗土豆。作业时,旋转的刷辊刷洗并带动土豆向前运动时,因其围绕同心轴上下起伏排列,可实现对土豆的翻转,使土豆全部表面均匀清洗。螺旋线型的刷丝可将土豆卡入凹处,实现芽眼深处泥土杂质的清洗。A kind of brush type potato washing machine disclosed as Chinese patent (application number: 201020530420.8), it is mainly made up of brush roller part, transmission part, discharge part, frame part etc. The brush roller part is mainly composed of a fixed brush shell on the brush roller shaft. There are 11 brush rollers in the whole machine. One of them is arranged at the central position of the housing. The remaining brush rollers are approximately semicircular and arranged in parallel in the frame. The brush filaments on the central brush shell are helically concave-convex, and the nylon brush filaments planted on the rest of the brush shells are cylindrical. The high part of the rack is connected and fixed with a spray pipe, which can realize spraying and rinsing potatoes. During operation, when the rotating brush roller scrubs and drives the potatoes to move forward, because they are arranged up and down around the concentric axis, the potatoes can be turned over, so that the entire surface of the potatoes can be cleaned evenly. The spiral-shaped brush wire can clamp the potatoes into the recess, so as to realize the cleaning of soil impurities deep in the bud eyes.
又如中国专利公开的一种土豆连续磨皮清洗机它包括机架和槽体(申请号:201020530420.8),槽体下方连接有排污槽,排污槽下方设有水箱,水箱底部设有排水管,水箱表面设有向机架一侧倾斜的楔形过滤网;所述槽体内设有绞龙和若干毛刷辊,所述毛刷辊沿绞龙的周向依次排列并位于绞龙下方,所述绞龙上方设有喷水管。当土豆从槽体的进入端进入槽体后,在绞龙的旋转下逐渐向出口端移动,同时由于毛刷辊的旋转对土豆产生了摩擦,将土豆皮磨掉,磨掉的土豆片从排污口落下,在喷水管喷出来的水的冲刷下从楔形过滤网排出,流下来的水则从楔形过滤网流到水箱里排到下水道里,不会堵塞下水道。Another example is a kind of continuous peeling cleaning machine for potatoes disclosed by the Chinese patent, which comprises a frame and a tank body (application number: 201020530420.8). The surface of the water tank is provided with a wedge-shaped filter screen inclined to one side of the frame; the tank body is provided with an auger and a number of brush rollers, and the brush rollers are arranged in sequence along the circumference of the auger and located below the auger. A water spray pipe is arranged above the auger. When the potatoes enter the tank from the input end of the tank, they gradually move to the outlet under the rotation of the auger, and at the same time, the rotation of the brush roll rubs the potatoes, and the potato skins are ground off, and the ground potato slices are removed from the tank. The sewage outlet falls, and is discharged from the wedge-shaped filter screen under the scouring of the water sprayed out by the water spray pipe, and the water that flows down then flows into the water tank from the wedge-shaped filter screen and is discharged in the sewer, so that the sewer can not be blocked.
上述两件专利方案都是通过多个弧形排布的毛刷辊形成脱皮机构,通过不断的旋转摩擦,使土豆表皮被去除,毛刷虽然能够清洗掉不平整部位的污泥,但是脱皮效率较低。经过检索,也发现有部分利用砂辊进行脱皮的设备,但经过实际检验发现,砂辊摩擦力较大,去除表皮的同时,容易去掉较多的食用部分。此外,采用砂辊时,砂辊表面容易被皮屑填塞,对土豆的翻转效率较低,导致整体的加工效率降低,难以满足使用需求。Both of the above two patented schemes use a plurality of arc-shaped brush rollers to form a peeling mechanism. Through continuous rotation and friction, the potato skin is removed. Although the brushes can clean off the sludge on uneven parts, the peeling efficiency is still high. lower. After searching, it is also found that some equipment that uses emery rollers for peeling, but after actual inspection, it is found that the friction of emery rollers is relatively large, and it is easy to remove more edible parts while removing the epidermis. In addition, when the emery roller is used, the surface of the emery roller is easily filled with dander, and the turning efficiency of the potatoes is low, resulting in a decrease in the overall processing efficiency, which is difficult to meet the use requirements.
发明内容Contents of the invention
1.发明要解决的技术问题1. The technical problem to be solved by the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中土豆脱皮机加工效率低、去皮效果差的不足,提供了一种土豆脱皮机构及脱皮机,本发明的脱皮机构,将毛刷辊和砂面辊相结合,提高了去皮效率,并能够保证去皮效果;采用该脱皮机构的土豆脱皮机,满足了加工质量和效率的需求。2.技术方案The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of low processing efficiency and poor peeling effect of potato peeling machines in the prior art, and provides a potato peeling mechanism and peeling machine. The peeling mechanism of the present invention combines the brush roller and the sand surface roller Combined, the peeling efficiency is improved, and the peeling effect can be guaranteed; the potato peeling machine adopting the peeling mechanism meets the requirements of processing quality and efficiency. 2. Technical solution
为达到上述目的,本发明提供的技术方案为:In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme provided by the invention is:
本发明的一种土豆脱皮机构,包括若干毛刷辊和至少两个砂面辊,所述毛刷辊和砂面辊围绕成弧形槽,用于容纳物料;所述砂面辊间隔设置。A potato peeling mechanism of the present invention comprises several brush rollers and at least two sanding rollers, the brush rollers and sanding rollers surround an arc-shaped groove for containing materials; the sanding rollers are arranged at intervals.
作为本发明更进一步的改进,位于弧形槽底部的毛刷辊为螺旋刷辊,其表面部分刷毛凸起形成螺旋线。As a further improvement of the present invention, the brush roller located at the bottom of the arc-shaped groove is a spiral brush roller, and the bristles on the surface part protrude to form a helix.
作为本发明更进一步的改进,所述砂面辊分布在弧形槽中截面的两侧。As a further improvement of the present invention, the sanding rollers are distributed on both sides of the section in the arc-shaped groove.
作为本发明更进一步的改进,所述砂面辊的旋转速度大于毛刷辊的转速。As a further improvement of the present invention, the rotational speed of the sanding roller is greater than the rotational speed of the fur brush roller.
本发明的一种土豆脱皮机,包括上述的脱皮机构,还包括支撑机身和排污机构,所述脱皮机构安装在支撑机身上,利用支撑机身上的喷流管对弧形槽内土豆进行清洗,并从脱皮机构下侧的排污机构进行排污。A kind of potato peeling machine of the present invention, comprises above-mentioned peeling mechanism, also comprises support fuselage and blowdown mechanism, described peeling mechanism is installed on the support fuselage, utilizes the spray pipe on the support fuselage to spray the potatoes in the arc-shaped groove Cleaning is carried out, and the sewage is discharged from the sewage discharge mechanism on the lower side of the peeling mechanism.
作为本发明更进一步的改进,还包括进料机构,该进料机构安装在支撑机身上或者是与支撑机身并列安装在底架上,通过进料机构向弧形槽内输送物料。As a further improvement of the present invention, it also includes a feeding mechanism, which is installed on the supporting body or is installed on the chassis side by side with the supporting body, and transports materials into the arc-shaped groove through the feeding mechanism.
作为本发明更进一步的改进,所述进料机构包括料斗和螺旋送料器,通过螺旋送料器把料斗内物料输送到脱皮机构的弧形槽中。As a further improvement of the present invention, the feeding mechanism includes a hopper and a screw feeder, and the material in the hopper is transported to the arc-shaped groove of the peeling mechanism through the screw feeder.
作为本发明更进一步的改进,所述螺旋送料器包括上料筒和进料台,上料筒内装有螺旋输料板,上料筒底部通过料筒支脚支撑,并形成进料槽口;进料台位于上料筒的上端,用于把上料筒内排出的物料送到弧形槽内。As a further improvement of the present invention, the screw feeder includes an upper material cylinder and a feeding platform, the upper material cylinder is equipped with a screw feeding plate, the bottom of the upper material cylinder is supported by the feet of the material cylinder, and forms a feeding slot; The material platform is located at the upper end of the upper material cylinder, and is used to send the materials discharged from the upper material cylinder into the arc groove.
作为本发明更进一步的改进,所述支撑机身设置有出料口的一侧与底架铰接连接,另一侧通过伸缩杆相连接,通过伸缩杆能够将支撑机身一侧升高。As a further improvement of the present invention, one side of the supporting body provided with a discharge port is hingedly connected to the underframe, and the other side is connected through a telescopic rod, and one side of the supporting body can be raised through the telescopic rod.
作为本发明更进一步的改进,所述出料口处设置有出料导板和盖板,在脱皮过程中,盖板封堵住出料口。As a further improvement of the present invention, a discharge guide plate and a cover plate are provided at the discharge port, and the cover plate blocks the discharge port during the peeling process.
3.有益效果3. Beneficial effect
采用本发明提供的技术方案,与现有技术相比,具有如下有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1)本发明的一种土豆脱皮机构,把至少两个砂面辊和若干毛刷辊相组合,并将砂面辊间隔设置,砂面辊相对于毛刷辊具有更高的去皮效率,而利用毛刷辊则能够保证弧形槽内的土豆快速翻滚,避免因翻滚慢而导致食用部分被去除,在保证脱皮效果的条件下,大大提高了脱皮效率。(1) A kind of potato peeling mechanism of the present invention combines at least two sand surface rollers and some hair brush rollers, and the sand surface rollers are arranged at intervals, and the sand surface rollers have higher peeling efficiency relative to the hair brush rollers , and the use of the brush roller can ensure the potatoes in the arc-shaped groove to roll quickly, avoiding the removal of the edible part due to slow rolling, and greatly improving the peeling efficiency under the condition of ensuring the peeling effect.
(2)本发明的一种土豆脱皮机构,在弧形槽底部设置毛刷辊,并且毛刷辊的表面部分刷毛凸起形成螺旋线,该螺旋刷毛的设置,能够加快土豆周向翻滚,并且能够对土豆表面凹陷处进行刷洗;此外,螺旋刷毛使土豆具有一定的轴向运动,在轴向翻转的同时,能够进行轴向翻转,使一个清洗周期内的土豆能够得到更加充分的清洗。(2) a kind of potato peeling mechanism of the present invention, furbrush roll is set at the arc groove bottom, and the bristle protrusion of the surface portion of the furbrush roll forms a helical line, the setting of this spiral bristle can accelerate the circumferential rolling of potatoes, and It can brush the depressions on the surface of potatoes; in addition, the spiral bristles make the potatoes have a certain axial movement, and can be turned axially while being turned axially, so that the potatoes in one cleaning cycle can be cleaned more fully.
(3)本发明的一种土豆脱皮机,在支撑机身一侧并列设置有进料机构,进料机构中的螺旋送料器能够直接把物料送入到弧形槽中,实现了送料的自动化;并且通过螺旋送料器能够逐步送料,而非一次性倒入大量土豆,可保证物料分布的均匀性,有助于清洗效果的改善,也有助于设备的维护。(3) A kind of potato peeling machine of the present invention is provided with feeding mechanism side by side on the support fuselage side, and the screw feeder in the feeding mechanism can directly send material into the arc groove, has realized the automation of feeding ; and the screw feeder can be used to feed the material step by step, instead of pouring a large amount of potatoes at one time, which can ensure the uniformity of material distribution, help to improve the cleaning effect, and also help the maintenance of the equipment.
(4)本发明的一种土豆脱皮机,支撑机身设置有出料口的一侧与底架铰接连接,另一侧通过伸缩杆相连接,通过伸缩杆能够将支撑机身一侧升高,从而使支撑机身倾斜,弧形槽内的物料可以从出料口排出,实现快速卸料,自动化程度高。(4) In the potato peeling machine of the present invention, one side of the supporting body provided with a discharge port is hingedly connected with the underframe, and the other side is connected by a telescopic rod, and one side of the supporting body can be raised by the telescopic rod , so that the support body is tilted, and the materials in the arc-shaped groove can be discharged from the discharge port, realizing fast discharge and high degree of automation.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为脱皮机构的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the structural representation of peeling mechanism;
图2为脱皮机的结构示意图;Fig. 2 is the structural representation of peeling machine;
图3为脱皮机构和排污机构的排布示意图;Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the peeling mechanism and the blowdown mechanism;
图4为进料机构的分解结构示意图;Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a feeding mechanism;
图5为出料口的结构示意图;Fig. 5 is the structural representation of outlet;
图6为整机底盘的结构示意图;Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the chassis of the complete machine;
图7为出料时支撑机身倾斜状态示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the inclined state of the support body during discharging.
示意图中的标号说明:1、整机底盘;11、底架;12、万向轮;13、定向轮;14、导向板;15、限位挡块;16、机身铰接座;17、伸缩杆;2、排污机构;21、上挡板;22、导流板;23、筛板;24、下挡板;25、排污口;3、支撑机身;31、机身本体;32、喷流管;4、脱皮机构;41、驱动电机;42、螺旋刷辊;43、砂面辊;44、毛刷辊;45、出料口;451、出料导板;452、盖板;453、盖板转轴;454、盖板把手;455、电磁铁;5、进料机构;51、料斗;511、料斗一层;512、料斗二层;513、料斗三层;514、料斗底座;52、上料筒;53、螺旋输料板;54、进料台;55、料筒支脚。Explanation of the labels in the schematic diagram: 1. Complete machine chassis; 11. Underframe; 12. Universal wheel; 13. Directional wheel; 14. Guide plate; 15. Limit block; Rod; 2, sewage mechanism; 21, upper baffle; 22, deflector; 23, sieve plate; 24, lower baffle; 25, sewage outlet; 3, support fuselage; 31, fuselage body; Flow tube; 4, peeling mechanism; 41, drive motor; 42, spiral brush roller; 43, sand surface roller; 44, brush roller; 45, discharge port; 451, discharge guide plate; 452, cover plate; 453, Cover plate shaft; 454, cover plate handle; 455, electromagnet; 5, feeding mechanism; 51, hopper; Feeding barrel; 53, screw feeding plate; 54, feeding table; 55, feeding barrel leg.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为进一步了解本发明的内容,结合附图和实施例对本发明作详细描述。In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
结合图1,本实施例的一种土豆脱皮机构,包括若干毛刷辊44和至少两个砂面辊43,所述毛刷辊44和砂面辊43围绕成弧形槽,用于容纳物料;所述砂面辊43间隔设置。In conjunction with Fig. 1, a kind of potato peeling mechanism of the present embodiment includes several brush rollers 44 and at least two sanding rollers 43, and the brush rollers 44 and sanding rollers 43 surround an arc-shaped groove for accommodating materials ; The sanding rollers 43 are arranged at intervals.
毛刷辊44表面设置有刷毛,可以采用尼龙丝等,能够通过刷洗的方式去除土豆皮。砂面辊43是在辊子表面设置粗糙的砂粒摩擦面,砂面辊43相对于毛刷辊能够更有效的除去土豆表皮。但砂面辊对土豆的翻转效果较差,而且表面易于被土豆皮填平而失去较好的摩擦效果,因此,本实施例把砂面辊43间隔设置。Brush roller 44 surface is provided with bristle, can adopt nylon thread etc., can remove potato skin by the mode of brushing. The sanding roller 43 is to set a rough sand grain friction surface on the roller surface, and the sanding roller 43 can remove the potato skin more effectively with respect to the hair brush roller. However, the turning effect of the sanding rollers on potatoes is relatively poor, and the surface is easily filled by potato skins and loses a good friction effect. Therefore, in this embodiment, the sanding rollers 43 are arranged at intervals.
作为一种实施方式,可以在最底部设置一个毛刷辊44,在其两侧分别设置一个砂面辊43,再向两侧各设置两个毛刷辊44。As an embodiment, a brush roller 44 may be arranged at the bottom, a sanding roller 43 may be arranged on both sides thereof, and two brush rollers 44 may be arranged on both sides.
由于砂面辊43对土豆的翻滚效果较差,而去皮效率高,因此可以使砂面辊43分布在弧形槽中截面的两侧。即以各辊子围成的弧形槽为基础,以垂直于轴线的截面中心为基准,砂面辊43分布在过中心的轴向竖直截面两侧。Because the sanding roller 43 has a poor rolling effect on potatoes, and the peeling efficiency is high, the sanding roller 43 can be distributed on both sides of the section in the arc groove. Namely, based on the arc-shaped groove surrounded by each roller, and taking the center of the section perpendicular to the axis as the reference, the sand surface rollers 43 are distributed on both sides of the axial vertical section passing through the center.
本实施例砂面辊43的旋转速度大于毛刷辊44的转速,实现差速旋转。由于砂面辊43的清洗效率高,如果速度过低,反而达不到效果。而且通过差速也能更好的实现砂面辊43的高效率作用。作为一种优选,可以使砂面辊的转速比毛刷辊高处50%。In this embodiment, the rotational speed of the sanding roller 43 is greater than that of the fur brush roller 44 to realize differential rotation. Because the cleaning efficiency of the sand surface roller 43 is high, if the speed is too low, the effect cannot be reached. Moreover, the high-efficiency effect of the sanding roller 43 can be better realized through the differential speed. As a preference, the rotational speed of the sanding roller can be 50% higher than that of the brush roller.
优选地,可以在底部设置两个毛刷辊44,在毛刷辊44的两侧各设置一个砂面辊43,在砂面辊43的外侧可再设置一个或两个毛刷辊44。在砂面辊43之间设置两个毛刷辊44具有更大的传动力,保证土豆能够正常翻滚。Preferably, two brush rollers 44 can be arranged at the bottom, one sanding roller 43 is respectively arranged on both sides of the brush roller 44 , and one or two brush rollers 44 can be arranged outside the sanding roller 43 . Two fur brush rollers 44 are arranged between the sanding rollers 43 to have greater transmission force, which ensures that the potatoes can be rolled normally.
本实施例位于弧形槽底部的毛刷辊44为螺旋刷辊42,其表面部分刷毛凸起形成螺旋线。由于重力原因,底部的毛刷辊44承载着主要重力。由于其表面部分刷毛凸起形成螺旋线,可传递更大大动力,有助于土豆翻滚。In this embodiment, the brush roller 44 located at the bottom of the arc-shaped groove is a spiral brush roller 42, and the bristles on the surface part protrude to form a helix. Due to gravity, the brush roller 44 at the bottom carries the main force of gravity. Because some of the bristles on the surface are raised to form a helix, it can transmit more power and help potatoes roll over.
此外,在传统的脱皮机中,也有部分采用螺旋刷辊的案例,但主要是为了去除土豆凹陷处的污泥,而本方案把底部毛刷辊采用该螺旋刷毛结构,还能加快土豆翻滚。更为重要的是,目前脱皮机所能达到的翻滚,多是土豆的自身翻滚以及沿弧形槽周向的翻滚,而本方案在一次清洗过程中,由于螺旋刷辊的作用,能够实现土豆物料轴向的翻滚。即清洗过程中土豆顺着螺旋方向向弧形槽一侧运动,但在一次清洗过程中出料口封闭,而且下侧土豆运动更快,从而使下侧的土豆被挤到上侧,而上侧的土豆会向后翻转,从而达到轴向翻滚的目的,保证土豆被充分清洗。In addition, in the traditional peeling machine, there are some cases where the spiral brush roller is used, but the main purpose is to remove the sludge in the potato depression. In this solution, the bottom brush roller adopts the spiral bristle structure, which can also speed up the rolling of potatoes. More importantly, most of the tumbling that the current peeling machine can achieve is the tumbling of the potatoes themselves and the tumbling along the circumferential direction of the arc-shaped groove. However, in this solution, due to the function of the spiral brush roller during one cleaning process, the potatoes can be fully rolled. Material axial tumbling. That is to say, during the cleaning process, the potatoes move toward the side of the arc-shaped groove along the spiral direction, but during a cleaning process, the discharge port is closed, and the potatoes on the lower side move faster, so that the potatoes on the lower side are squeezed to the upper side, while the upper side potatoes are squeezed. The potatoes on the side will be turned backwards, so as to achieve the purpose of axial tumbling and ensure that the potatoes are fully cleaned.
对于辊子的驱动方式,可以采用链条驱动。以采用7个辊子为例,驱动电机41的动力轴进过减速后,通过链条直接驱动两个底部毛刷辊,即螺旋刷辊42,辊轴上另一齿轮通过链条带动砂面辊43,砂面辊43的滚轴上为两个小齿轮,以实现增速作用,同样经过另一小尺轮传递动力后,下一个滚轴转速恢复,进而组成差速辊系。For the driving mode of the roller, a chain drive can be used. Taking 7 rollers as an example, after the power shaft of the drive motor 41 is decelerated, it directly drives the two bottom brush rollers through the chain, that is, the spiral brush roller 42, and the other gear on the roller shaft drives the sanding roller 43 through the chain. There are two small gears on the roller shaft of the sand surface roller 43 to realize the speed-increasing effect. After the power is transmitted by another small scale wheel, the speed of the next roller is restored to form a differential roller system.
结合图2,本实施例的一种土豆脱皮机,包括上述的脱皮机构4,还包括支撑机身3和排污机构2,支撑机身3作为一个整体的支架,用于连接各部分。脱皮机构4安装在支撑机身3上,是弧形槽开口位于顶部位置,方便加料。Referring to Fig. 2, a potato peeling machine of the present embodiment includes the above-mentioned peeling mechanism 4, and also includes a support body 3 and a sewage discharge mechanism 2, and the support body 3 is used as a whole bracket for connecting various parts. The peeling mechanism 4 is installed on the support body 3, and the opening of the arc groove is located at the top position, which is convenient for feeding.
为了方便安装脱皮机构4,支撑机身3带有出料口的侧壁上开设有轴辊安装孔,辊子通过安装孔装入,调心连座轴承固定于连接板上,再将连接板装于侧壁架板上,辊子轴伸装上链轮,此结构装配和维修都能快速拆装辊子。In order to facilitate the installation of the peeling mechanism 4, the side wall of the supporting body 3 with the discharge port is provided with a shaft roller installation hole, the roller is loaded through the installation hole, the self-aligning block bearing is fixed on the connecting plate, and then the connecting plate is installed On the side wall frame, the roller shaft is extended to install the sprocket. This structure can quickly disassemble the roller for assembly and maintenance.
支撑机身3上设置喷流管32,该喷流管32由支撑机身3两侧壁来支撑,喷流管32可以与毛刷辊44同向设置,至于喷流管32数量,可以是1根,或者是多根,没有具体限制。喷流管32朝向下侧的部位别列开设有多个喷流孔,喷流管32的进水端连接水源,外部水源通过喷流孔喷出,从而对去皮后的土豆皮冲洗。Spray pipe 32 is set on the support body 3, and this spout pipe 32 is supported by the two side walls of support body 3, and the spout pipe 32 can be set in the same direction as the brush roller 44, as for the spout pipe 32 quantity, can be 1 root, or multiple roots, there is no specific limit. The jet pipe 32 is provided with a plurality of jet holes towards the position of the lower side. The water inlet end of the jet pipe 32 is connected to a water source, and the external water source is sprayed out through the jet holes, thereby washing the peeled potato skins.
机身本体31还设置排污机构2,排污机构2位于脱皮机构4下侧。各辊子将土豆脱皮后,擦掉的皮屑从辊子下侧脱落,清洗用的水流也从下侧流出,进而可被排污机构2收集。The fuselage body 31 is also provided with a sewage discharge mechanism 2, which is located at the lower side of the peeling mechanism 4. After each roller peels the potatoes, the scraps of skin that are wiped off come off from the lower side of the roller, and the water flow for cleaning also flows out from the lower side, and then can be collected by the sewage mechanism 2 .
排污机构2可以是设置的一个凹槽,方便把污水以及混在污水中的皮屑一起排出;在槽中也可以设置过滤网,用于把皮屑过滤掉,还可采用其他的一些现有结构,没有具体限制。Sewage discharge mechanism 2 can be a groove that is provided with, and is convenient to discharge sewage and dander mixed in sewage together; Filter screen can also be set in groove, is used for filtering dander, and some other existing structures can also be adopted , with no specific restrictions.
本实施例中排污机构2可以有两侧的导流板22以及底部的排污口25组成,两侧的导流板22分别位于两侧的辊子下方,并向中部倾斜形成类似V字形结构,污水和皮屑落下后顺着倾斜的导流板22留到V形结构底部,并从排污口25排出。In this embodiment, the sewage discharge mechanism 2 can be composed of deflectors 22 on both sides and a sewage outlet 25 at the bottom. The deflectors 22 on both sides are respectively located under the rollers on both sides, and are inclined to the middle to form a V-shaped structure. After the skin and dander fall down, stay to the bottom of the V-shaped structure along the inclined deflector 22, and discharge from the sewage outlet 25.
结合图3,本实施例中导流板22可以是多块板组合形成,不要求为一块整板,并且可以是可拆卸连接,在平时使用时方便定期拆下清洗。例如图3中左侧的导流板包括上挡板21和下挡板24,上挡板21架设在支撑机身3上,其下侧向内倾斜;下挡板24同样安装在支撑机身3上,下侧向内倾斜,并与另一侧导流板22连接,也可以是一体结构。右侧导流板可以多块组合,方便拆卸,也可避免结构干涉。Referring to FIG. 3 , the deflector 22 in this embodiment can be formed by a combination of multiple plates, not required to be a whole plate, and can be detachably connected, which is convenient for regular disassembly and cleaning during normal use. For example, the deflector on the left side in Fig. 3 includes an upper baffle 21 and a lower baffle 24, the upper baffle 21 is erected on the support fuselage 3, and its lower side is inclined inwardly; the lower baffle 24 is also installed on the support fuselage 3. The upper and lower sides are inclined inwardly, and are connected with the deflector 22 on the other side, which may also be an integral structure. The right deflector can be combined in multiple pieces, which is convenient for disassembly and avoids structural interference.
在该实施例中,最底部左右两侧导流板的交接处有过渡段,该过渡段设置有筛板23,上侧留下的污水通过该筛板23流到下侧再排出,皮屑被筛板23过滤。在筛板两端设置有手柄,便于更换操作。In this embodiment, there is a transition section at the junction of the left and right deflectors at the bottom, and the transition section is provided with a sieve plate 23, and the sewage left on the upper side flows to the lower side through the sieve plate 23 and then discharged. Filtered by sieve plate 23. There are handles at both ends of the sieve plate for easy replacement.
在进行更换时,可以是从侧部更换,也可以是把上挡板21和下挡板24设置出一定的间隙,从间隙中进行更换。该间隙还方便皮屑的及时清除,减少更换频率。When replacing, it can be replaced from the side, or a certain gap can be set between the upper baffle plate 21 and the lower baffle plate 24, and the replacement can be performed from the gap. The gap also facilitates the timely removal of dander and reduces the frequency of replacement.
排污口25与导流板交接处的底部连接,排污口25可以设置在侧部,也可以设置在端部,具体根据实际使用需要可进行调整更改。The sewage outlet 25 is connected with the bottom of the deflector junction, and the sewage outlet 25 can be arranged at the side or at the end, which can be adjusted and changed according to actual needs.
如图2中所示,该实施例中脱皮机包括进料机构5,该进料机构5安装在支撑机身3上,通过进料机构5向弧形槽内输送物料。进料机构5可以是一个便于进料的平台,也可以是带有动力的自动上料机构,例如使用传输带、料斗自动进行上料。As shown in FIG. 2 , the peeling machine in this embodiment includes a feeding mechanism 5 , which is installed on the support body 3 , and feeds materials into the arc-shaped groove through the feeding mechanism 5 . The feeding mechanism 5 can be a platform that is convenient for feeding, and can also be a powered automatic feeding mechanism, such as using a conveyor belt or a hopper for automatic feeding.
结合图4,该实施例中进料机构5与支撑机身3并列安装在底架11上,进料机构5与支撑机身3可以看做是分体设置,进料机构5作为一个单独的机构,能够独自完成上料任务。4, in this embodiment, the feeding mechanism 5 and the supporting body 3 are installed side by side on the chassis 11. The feeding mechanism 5 and the supporting body 3 can be regarded as separate arrangements, and the feeding mechanism 5 is used as a separate The organization can complete the feeding task alone.
该实施例进料机构5包括料斗51和螺旋送料器,料斗51竖向设置,螺旋送料器安装在料斗51中,螺旋送料器底部有进料口,上端有出料口,通过螺旋送料器把料斗51内物料输送到脱皮机构4的弧形槽中。The feeding mechanism 5 of this embodiment includes a hopper 51 and a screw feeder, the hopper 51 is vertically arranged, the screw feeder is installed in the hopper 51, the bottom of the screw feeder has a feed port, and the upper end has a discharge port. The material in the hopper 51 is delivered to the arc groove of the peeling mechanism 4 .
螺旋送料器包括上料筒52和进料台54,上料筒52内装有螺旋输料板53,螺旋输料板53是由板材成螺旋形环绕动力轴形成,动力轴由电机驱动。上料筒52底部通过料筒支脚55支撑,料筒支脚55之间间隔设置,间隔处形成进料槽口,土豆从进料槽口进入到螺旋送料器内。The screw feeder includes an upper material cylinder 52 and a feed table 54. A screw feed plate 53 is housed in the upper material cylinder 52. The screw feed plate 53 is formed by plates spirally surrounding the power shaft, and the power shaft is driven by a motor. The bottom of the upper barrel 52 is supported by barrel legs 55, and the barrel legs 55 are arranged at intervals, and feeding slots are formed at the intervals, and potatoes enter the screw feeder from the feeding slots.
进料台54位于上料筒52的上端,即在上料筒52的上端设置开口,开口处有水平或者是一定倾斜度的延伸段,形成进料台540。途多顺着螺旋输料板53被从底部运输到顶部,从进料台540被挤出,落入到弧形槽内。The feeding platform 54 is located at the upper end of the upper material cylinder 52 , that is, an opening is provided at the upper end of the upper material cylinder 52 , and the opening has a horizontal or a certain inclination extending section to form a feeding platform 540 . Tuduo is transported from the bottom to the top along the screw conveyor plate 53, extruded from the feeding table 540, and falls into the arc-shaped groove.
该实施例中进料台54包括中部板和两侧的挡板,挡板可防止土豆从上料筒52排出后在中部板上掉落,确保上料的可靠性。In this embodiment, the feeding table 54 includes a middle plate and baffles on both sides, which can prevent the potatoes from falling on the middle plate after being discharged from the feeding cylinder 52, so as to ensure the reliability of feeding.
该实施例中料斗51可以分为多层结构,由上至下依次为料斗一层511、料斗二层512、料斗三层513;通过三层结构设计,可以把大开口的料斗在一定高度下缩小到合适范围,便于结构的收缩;既能提供较大的容量,又可保证一定的结构强度。另外,采用三层结构,便于控制料斗三层513的外壁倾斜度,使土豆能够自动进入到进料槽口。In this embodiment, the hopper 51 can be divided into a multi-layer structure. From top to bottom, it is the first layer of hopper 511, the second layer of hopper 512, and the third layer of hopper 513; Shrinking to a suitable range facilitates the shrinkage of the structure; it can not only provide a larger capacity, but also ensure a certain structural strength. In addition, the three-layer structure is adopted to facilitate the control of the inclination of the outer wall of the third layer 513 of the hopper, so that the potatoes can automatically enter the feeding slot.
料斗三层513底部于料斗底座514连接,料斗底座514把料斗抬高一定高度,底部可以设置螺旋进料器的驱动电机。The bottom of the three-layer 513 of the hopper is connected to the hopper base 514, and the hopper base 514 raises the hopper to a certain height, and the drive motor of the screw feeder can be set at the bottom.
结合图5,本实施例出料口45处设置有出料导板451和盖板452,出料导板451是相对于机身侧壁向外突出的一部分外檐,便于承接排出的物料。出料导板451环绕在中下侧,顶部开口。盖板452起到门板的作用,控制排料。当盖板452打开时,可以进行排料;在清洗过程中,盖板452处于关闭状态。Referring to Fig. 5 , in this embodiment, a discharge guide plate 451 and a cover plate 452 are provided at the discharge port 45. The discharge guide plate 451 is a part of the outer eaves protruding outward relative to the side wall of the fuselage, which is convenient for receiving the discharged materials. The discharge guide plate 451 surrounds the middle and lower sides, and the top is open. The cover plate 452 acts as a door plate to control the discharge. When the cover plate 452 is opened, discharge can be performed; during the cleaning process, the cover plate 452 is in a closed state.
在出料过程中,采用人工手柄控制时,机身本体31上可设置锁紧销,关闭盖板后,利用锁紧销抵住盖板,清洗后再人工打开,进行排料。During the discharging process, when manual handle control is used, locking pins can be set on the body 31. After the cover is closed, the locking pins are used to hold the cover, and then manually opened after cleaning for discharging.
除了传统的人工手柄控制外,也可以采用自动控制结构。本实施采用自动控制时,盖板452固定在盖板转轴453上,盖板转轴453可以位于出料导板451未闭合的一侧,即图5中的上侧。通过电机或者是液压或者是机械结构控制盖板转轴453转动,则能够同步打开或者是关闭盖板452。In addition to the traditional manual handle control, an automatic control structure can also be used. When automatic control is adopted in this implementation, the cover plate 452 is fixed on the cover plate rotating shaft 453, and the cover plate rotating shaft 453 can be located on the unclosed side of the discharge guide plate 451, that is, the upper side in FIG. 5 . The rotation of the cover rotating shaft 453 is controlled by a motor or a hydraulic pressure or a mechanical structure, so that the cover 452 can be opened or closed synchronously.
作为该结构的一种形式,本实施例是在盖板转轴453的一端设置了铁性材质的盖板把手454,该盖板把手454成板状;对应的,在支撑机身3上固定有电磁铁455,当电磁铁455通电后,可吸附盖板把手454,实现自动控制。As a form of this structure, in this embodiment, an iron cover handle 454 is provided at one end of the cover rotating shaft 453, and the cover handle 454 is plate-shaped; correspondingly, a The electromagnet 455, when the electromagnet 455 is energized, can absorb the cover plate handle 454 to realize automatic control.
作为该结构的一种改进,可以在盖板转轴453的端部设置齿轮,通过电机驱动齿轮转动,实现改版的闭合。As an improvement of this structure, a gear can be provided at the end of the cover rotating shaft 453, and the motor drives the gear to rotate to realize the closing of the revision.
结合图6、图7,支撑机身3设置有出料口45的一侧与底架11铰接连接,另一侧通过伸缩杆17相连接,通过伸缩杆17能够将支撑机身3一侧升高。6 and 7, one side of the support body 3 provided with the outlet 45 is hingedly connected to the underframe 11, and the other side is connected through the telescopic rod 17, and the side of the support body 3 can be lifted up by the telescopic rod 17. high.
该结构中,支撑机身3相对于底架11能够升起而变成倾斜状,出料口45位于低处端,弧形槽内的物料能够自动从出料口排出,至于该结构中是否有进料结构以及进料机构的具体形式,可以根据不同需求组合使用。In this structure, the support body 3 can be raised relative to the underframe 11 to become inclined, the discharge port 45 is located at the lower end, and the materials in the arc-shaped groove can be automatically discharged from the discharge port. There are specific forms of feeding structure and feeding mechanism, which can be used in combination according to different needs.
由于使用需求,可以在底架11底部安装滚轮,组成可移动的整机底盘1。滚轮可包括定向轮和万向轮,本实施例图6中在底架11一侧设置有两个定向轮13,另一侧设置有两个万向轮12。万向轮便于调整方向,定向轮便于稳定方向。Due to usage requirements, rollers can be installed at the bottom of the chassis 11 to form a movable chassis 1 of the whole machine. The rollers may include directional wheels and universal wheels. In FIG. 6 of this embodiment, two directional wheels 13 are provided on one side of the underframe 11, and two universal wheels 12 are provided on the other side. The universal wheel is convenient for adjusting the direction, and the directional wheel is convenient for stabilizing the direction.
底架11上还设置有一对导向板14,该导向板14位于带有伸缩杆17的一侧。当支撑机身3被升起时,容易晃动,导向板14能够保持稳定性,同时可以确保回位的准确性。A pair of guide plates 14 are also arranged on the chassis 11 , and the guide plates 14 are located on the side with the telescopic rod 17 . When the supporting body 3 is raised, it is easy to shake, and the guide plate 14 can maintain stability while ensuring the accuracy of returning.
图6中只显示了一个铰接点,作为一种结构形式,也可以设置两个铰接点和两个伸缩杆,在铰接点有机身铰接座16,通过销轴铰接连接;两个伸缩杆可并列设置,有较好的抬升稳定效果。Only one hinge point has been shown in Fig. 6, and as a kind of structural form, also can be provided with two hinge points and two telescoping rods, there is fuselage hinge seat 16 at the hinge point, is hingedly connected by pin shaft; Two telescoping rods can Arranged side by side, it has a better lifting and stabilizing effect.
当采用电动控制时,还可在导向板14上配合设置限位挡块15作为行程限制,自动定位支撑机身3需要抬升的高度。When electric control is adopted, a limit block 15 can also be set on the guide plate 14 as a stroke limit, and the height that the support body 3 needs to be lifted is automatically positioned.
该脱皮机还包括控制系统,由于本方案中主要在于机械结构是改进,控制系统可以根据功能以及目前的PLC等技术实现,操控面板也可以根据需求采用按钮式面板或者是触屏式操作面板,操作面板的设置位置也可根据需要选择,本发明不在赘述。The peeling machine also includes a control system. Since this solution mainly lies in the improvement of the mechanical structure, the control system can be realized according to the functions and current PLC and other technologies. The control panel can also use a button-type panel or a touch-screen operation panel according to requirements. The setting position of the operation panel can also be selected according to needs, and the present invention will not repeat them here.
本发明的土豆脱皮机的加工效率高,去皮效果较好,节省人工,机器运转平稳,而且通过结构的改进,能够适应自动化生产需求。The potato peeling machine of the present invention has high processing efficiency, good peeling effect, labor saving, stable machine operation, and can adapt to the requirements of automatic production through the improvement of the structure.
以上示意性的对本发明及其实施方式进行了描述,该描述没有限制性,附图中所示的也只是本发明的实施方式之一,实际的结构并不局限于此。所以,如果本领域的普通技术人员受其启示,在不脱离本发明创造宗旨的情况下,不经创造性的设计出与该技术方案相似的结构方式及实施例,均应属于本发明的保护范围。The above schematically describes the present invention and its implementation, which is not restrictive, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the implementations of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if a person of ordinary skill in the art is inspired by it, without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, without creatively designing a structural mode and embodiment similar to the technical solution, it shall all belong to the protection scope of the present invention .
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CN112314975A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-02-05 | 章倩怡 | Automatic peeling machine for potatoes |
CN115153054A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-11 | 青岛锐智智能装备科技有限公司 | Online decorticator that possesses cleaning function |
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