CN107041218A - A kind of method that wild rice stem field cultivates leech - Google Patents
A kind of method that wild rice stem field cultivates leech Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to hirudiniculture field, a kind of method that wild rice stem field cultivates leech is disclosed, is comprised the following steps：（1）Crop field is built；（2）Wild rice stem tiller is transplanted；（3）Leech is put in a suitable place to breed；（4）Management, harvest.Layout and environment of the invention by building wild rice stem field, wild rice stem is planted in good time, cultivate leech, hold harvest time and change harvesting approach, reach the purpose of harvest optimum point of production and quality product, by regulating and controlling wild rice stem field environment, it is not only suitable for wild rice stem growth, leech growth is also very beneficial, the strick precaution layout of wild rice stem field surrounding can not only prevent leech from escaping, external natural enemy can be avoided to invade again, the waste material that cultivation leech produces act as the fertilizer of wild rice stem, eliminate the cost topdressed, the present invention improves the survival rate of leech to 97 98%, output increased 24 26%, wild rice stem planting cost reduces 35 40%, every mu can harvest leech dry product and reach 180 200 kilograms, wild rice stem reaches 900 1000 kilograms per per mu yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hirudiniculture field, and in particular to a kind of method that wild rice stem field cultivates leech.
Background technology
Leech also known as leech, are that one kind is sucked blood annelid.The non-irrigated leech of leech point, water leech（Leech）, parasitic leech three
Kind, the above two are commonly encountered, and " nest " of non-irrigated leech especially has the withered tree of corruption rotten more in small stream side weeds clump in accumulation
Leaf and it is moist it is hidden it is local be it is many, they usually hide under fallen leaves, thick grass or stone, wait for an opportunity to suck people and animals' blood, water leech
Then hide in pasture and water clump, once water under someone, just swims out of on the body for being attached to people and animals at a gallop, left away after making a hearty meal.
Leech is used as medicine with dry entirety, and hirudin and protein are contained in vivo, there is that anti-freezing is solid, broken stasis of blood blood, cure mainly blood fully recover from an illness disease,
The diseases such as angiosis, hemostasis are obstructed, nameless sores or boils, scrofula.In recent years, medical personnel tests is added with running water leech with pure honey
Lotion and parenteral solution is made in work, treats macula, the triggering phase of senile cataract and the phase of expansion, can make muddy body gradually
It is transparent.Leech element can also alleviate the spasm of artery, the adhesion reduced blood pressure, so the symptom of energy significantly alleviating hypertension, also has
People matches somebody with somebody other promoting blood circulations, antidote with leech, for treating tumour, and current cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease turned into domestic and international common disease, many
Fall ill, therefore the demand of leech increases year by year.More than the cultivation of current leech by the way of culturing pool is manually built, and due to
Cultivation density is excessive, and Cultivated water is seriously polluted, and worse and worse, survival rate also declines leech quality year by year, and medical value is beaten greatly
Discount, therefore people start the method for exploration ecologic breeding leech.We have found that the growth conditions of wild rice stem and leech are perfectly in harmony,
Wild rice stem belongs to thermophily plant, grows 10-25 DEG C of thermophilic, intolerant to cold and high temperature and drought, and counterglow length requires not tight, to liquid manure
Condition requires high, and temperature is to influence the key factor of pregnant hay, wild rice stem well developed root system, and water requirement is more, and appropriate source is sufficient, pour water
Convenience, the deep soft, fertile soil of soil layer, glutinous loam or loam rich in organic matter, retain water and nutrients ability by force, utilize wild rice stem field
Leech is cultivated, water and soil resources will be greatly utilized, and reach the effect of win-win progress.
The content of the invention
The characteristics of being grown using wild rice stem and leech, the invention provides a kind of method that wild rice stem field cultivates leech.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of method that wild rice stem field cultivates leech, comprises the following steps：
（1）Crop field is built；
Every mu of plantation 60-80 kilograms for the treatment of fluid in field is splashed soil, and the soil after processing is no longer appropriate for viral insect pest growth, deep ploughing
35-40 centimetres, it is exposed to the sun after 2 days, applies 1500-2000 kilograms of decomposed dung, intertill 20-25 centimetres, reinforces wild rice stem field surrounding ridge,
Ridge is higher by 50-60 centimetres of field, the anti-escape network that width of mesh is 40-60 mesh is arranged in ridge surrounding；
（2）Wild rice stem tiller is transplanted；
Mid-April, wild rice stem seedling tiller is transplanted to crop field, it is 90-100 centimetres to keep line-spacing, and spacing in the rows is 40-50 centimetres, is expert at
The ditch that depth is 30-40 centimetres, a width of 20-30 centimetres is dug out between row, the humus of 5-7 cm thicks, humic are increased into ditch
Matter contains abundant nutrition, and palatability is good, can supply the growth of childhood leech, 4-5 centimetres of depth of water filling into crop field, in ditch
Place pasture and water；
（3）Leech is put in a suitable place to breed；
After wild rice stem is planted 2-3 days, the PH of wild rice stem water in field value is determined, is maintained between 6.5-7.5, if less than this scope, using
Limewash is adjusted, and disposably puts into river snail, common 180-200 kilograms of freshwater mussel to wild rice stem field, is formed symbiosis food chain, is by individual weight
0.15-0.20 grams of leech seedling, which is uniformly delivered, arrives wild rice stem Tanaka, and every mu of injected volume is 6-8 kilograms, and feed is uniformly sprinkled into wild rice stem
Field, inventory changes according to the leech speed of growth；
（4）Management, harvest
Late May, to mid-June, is controlled at the beginning of wild rice stem water in field position is 12-15 centimetres, mid-June to August, control wild rice stem water in field position
For 20-25 centimetres, and ensure that water temperature is no more than 28 DEG C, if more than this temperature, at the beginning of changing water reduction temperature, August, wild rice stem is ripe
After can harvest, the beginning of September can harvest leech.
Further described as to such scheme, described treatment fluid, preparation method is：By the five of 11-13 parts by weight
Gall nut, the Albizzia kalkora of 10-12 parts by weight, the Vitex negundo var cannabifolia of 9-11 parts by weight, the silver of the camphortree leaf of 8-10 parts by weight and 7-10 parts by weight
Apricot leaf is crushed to 100-120 mesh, and the water small fire for adding 500-600 parts by weight is decocted 1.5-2.0 hours, is obtained decoction liquor, is watered
800-1000 times is diluted, and obtains the treatment fluid.
Further described as to such scheme, the feed ingredient is：Chicken and duck fish intestines mass percent accounts for 60-70%,
Gourd, fruit and vegetable skin accounts for 20-30%, and soya corn powder accounts for 10%, feed ingredient wide material sources, and nutrition-allocated proportion is rationally, can be hay again
White growth provides a large amount of N P and Ks.
Further described as to such scheme, the harvesting method of leech is：Ditch is put into using fresh animal clot
It is interior, attract leech it is edible when, fished for rapidly using net is fished for.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Layout and environment of the invention by building wild rice stem field, plants wild rice stem, cultivation water in good time
Leech, holds harvest time and changes harvesting approach, the purpose of harvest optimum point of production and quality product is reached, by regulating and controlling wild rice stem Tian Huan
Border, is not only suitable for wild rice stem growth, and leech growth is also very beneficial, and the strick precaution layout of wild rice stem field surrounding can not only prevent leech
Escape, external natural enemy can be avoided to invade again, the waste material that cultivation leech produces act as the fertilizer of wild rice stem, eliminate topdress into
This, the present invention improves the survival rate of leech to 97-98%, and output increased 24-26%, wild rice stem planting cost reduces 35-40%,
Every mu can harvest leech dry product and reach 180-200 kilograms, and wild rice stem reaches 900-1000 kilograms per per mu yield.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method that wild rice stem field cultivates leech, comprises the following steps：
（1）Crop field is built；
Every mu of plantation 60 kilograms for the treatment of fluids in field are splashed soil, and the soil after processing is no longer appropriate for viral insect pest growth, deep ploughing 35-
40 centimetres, it is exposed to the sun after 2 days, applies 1500 kilograms of decomposed dung, intertill 20-25 centimetres, reinforces wild rice stem field surrounding ridge, make ridge high
Go out 50 centimetres of field, the anti-escape network that width of mesh is 40 mesh is arranged in ridge surrounding；
（2）Wild rice stem tiller is transplanted；
Mid-April, wild rice stem seedling tiller is transplanted to crop field, it is 90 centimetres to keep line-spacing, and spacing in the rows is 40 centimetres, is expert between row
Depth is dug out for 30 centimetres, a width of 20 centimetres of ditch increases the humus of 5-7 cm thicks into ditch, and humus contains abundant battalion
Support, and palatability is good, can supply the growth of childhood leech, 4-5 centimetres of depth of water filling, places pasture and water in ditch into crop field；
（3）Leech is put in a suitable place to breed；
After wild rice stem is planted 2 days, the PH of wild rice stem water in field value is determined, is maintained between 6.5-7.5, if less than this scope, using stone
Buck is adjusted, and disposably puts into river snail, totally 180 kilograms of freshwater mussel to wild rice stem field, forms symbiosis food chain, is 0.15 gram by individual weight
Leech seedling uniformly deliver and arrive wild rice stem Tanaka, every mu of injected volume is 6 kilograms, and feed is uniformly sprinkled into wild rice stem field, inventory according to
The leech speed of growth changes；
（4）Management, harvest
Late May, to mid-June, is controlled at the beginning of wild rice stem water in field position is 12-15 centimetres, mid-June to August, control wild rice stem water in field position
For 20-25 centimetres, and ensure that water temperature is no more than 28 DEG C, if more than this temperature, at the beginning of changing water reduction temperature, August, wild rice stem is ripe
After can harvest, the beginning of September can harvest leech.
Further described as to such scheme, described treatment fluid, preparation method is：By five times of 11 parts by weight
Son, the Albizzia kalkora of 10 parts by weight, the Vitex negundo var cannabifolia of 9 parts by weight, the ginkgo leaf powder of the camphortree leaf of 8 parts by weight and 7 parts by weight are broken to 100
Mesh, the water small fire for adding 500 parts by weight is decocted 1.5 hours, is obtained decoction liquor, is watered 800 times and is diluted, obtain the processing
Liquid.
Further described as to such scheme, the feed ingredient is：Chicken and duck fish intestines mass percent accounts for 60%, melon
Fruit vegetable skin accounts for 30%, and soya corn powder accounts for 10%, feed ingredient wide material sources, and nutrition-allocated proportion is rationally, can be again wild rice stem life
It is long that a large amount of N P and Ks are provided.
Further described as to such scheme, the harvesting method of leech is：Ditch is put into using fresh animal clot
It is interior, attract leech it is edible when, fished for rapidly using net is fished for.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method that wild rice stem field cultivates leech, comprises the following steps：
（1）Crop field is built；
Every mu of plantation 70 kilograms for the treatment of fluids in field are splashed soil, and the soil after processing is no longer appropriate for viral insect pest growth, deep ploughing 35-
40 centimetres, it is exposed to the sun after 2 days, applies 1800 kilograms of decomposed dung, intertill 20-25 centimetres, reinforces wild rice stem field surrounding ridge, make ridge high
Go out 55 centimetres of field, the anti-escape network that width of mesh is 50 mesh is arranged in ridge surrounding；
（2）Wild rice stem tiller is transplanted；
Mid-April, wild rice stem seedling tiller is transplanted to crop field, it is 95 centimetres to keep line-spacing, and spacing in the rows is 45 centimetres, is expert between row
Depth is dug out for 35 centimetres, a width of 25 centimetres of ditch increases the humus of 5-7 cm thicks into ditch, and humus contains abundant battalion
Support, and palatability is good, can supply the growth of childhood leech, 4-5 centimetres of depth of water filling, places pasture and water in ditch into crop field；
（3）Leech is put in a suitable place to breed；
After wild rice stem is planted 2 days, the PH of wild rice stem water in field value is determined, is maintained between 6.5-7.5, if less than this scope, using stone
Buck is adjusted, and disposably puts into river snail, totally 190 kilograms of freshwater mussel to wild rice stem field, forms symbiosis food chain, is 0.18 gram by individual weight
Leech seedling uniformly deliver and arrive wild rice stem Tanaka, every mu of injected volume is 7 kilograms, and feed is uniformly sprinkled into wild rice stem field, inventory according to
The leech speed of growth changes；
（4）Management, harvest
Late May, to mid-June, is controlled at the beginning of wild rice stem water in field position is 12-15 centimetres, mid-June to August, control wild rice stem water in field position
For 20-25 centimetres, and ensure that water temperature is no more than 28 DEG C, if more than this temperature, at the beginning of changing water reduction temperature, August, wild rice stem is ripe
After can harvest, the beginning of September can harvest leech.
Further described as to such scheme, described treatment fluid, preparation method is：By five times of 12 parts by weight
Son, the Albizzia kalkora of 11 parts by weight, the Vitex negundo var cannabifolia of 10 parts by weight, the ginkgo leaf powder of the camphortree leaf of 9 parts by weight and 8 parts by weight are broken to 110
Mesh, the water small fire for adding 550 parts by weight is decocted 1.8 hours, is obtained decoction liquor, is watered 900 times and is diluted, obtain the processing
Liquid.
Further described as to such scheme, the feed ingredient is：Chicken and duck fish intestines mass percent accounts for 65%, melon
Fruit vegetable skin accounts for 25%, and soya corn powder accounts for 10%, feed ingredient wide material sources, and nutrition-allocated proportion is rationally, can be again wild rice stem life
It is long that a large amount of N P and Ks are provided.
Further described as to such scheme, the harvesting method of leech is：Ditch is put into using fresh animal clot
It is interior, attract leech it is edible when, fished for rapidly using net is fished for.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method that wild rice stem field cultivates leech, comprises the following steps：
（1）Crop field is built；
Every mu of plantation 80 kilograms for the treatment of fluids in field are splashed soil, and the soil after processing is no longer appropriate for viral insect pest growth, deep ploughing 35-
40 centimetres, it is exposed to the sun after 2 days, applies 2000 kilograms of decomposed dung, intertill 20-25 centimetres, reinforces wild rice stem field surrounding ridge, make ridge high
Go out 60 centimetres of field, the anti-escape network that width of mesh is 60 mesh is arranged in ridge surrounding；
（2）Wild rice stem tiller is transplanted；
Mid-April, wild rice stem seedling tiller is transplanted to crop field, it is 100 centimetres to keep line-spacing, and spacing in the rows is 50 centimetres, be expert at and row
Between dig out depth for 40 centimetres, a width of 30 centimetres of ditch increases the humus of 5-7 cm thicks into ditch, and humus contains abundant
Nutrition, and palatability is good, can supply the growth of childhood leech, 4-5 centimetres of depth of water filling, places pasture and water in ditch into crop field；
（3）Leech is put in a suitable place to breed；
After wild rice stem is planted 3 days, the PH of wild rice stem water in field value is determined, is maintained between 6.5-7.5, if less than this scope, using stone
Buck is adjusted, and disposably puts into river snail, totally 200 kilograms of freshwater mussel to wild rice stem field, forms symbiosis food chain, is 0.20 gram by individual weight
Leech seedling uniformly deliver and arrive wild rice stem Tanaka, every mu of injected volume is 8 kilograms, and feed is uniformly sprinkled into wild rice stem field, inventory according to
The leech speed of growth changes；
（4）Management, harvest
Late May, to mid-June, is controlled at the beginning of wild rice stem water in field position is 12-15 centimetres, mid-June to August, control wild rice stem water in field position
For 20-25 centimetres, and ensure that water temperature is no more than 28 DEG C, if more than this temperature, at the beginning of changing water reduction temperature, August, wild rice stem is ripe
After can harvest, the beginning of September can harvest leech.
Further described as to such scheme, described treatment fluid, preparation method is：By five times of 13 parts by weight
Son, the Albizzia kalkora of 12 parts by weight, the Vitex negundo var cannabifolia of 11 parts by weight, the ginkgo leaf powder of the camphortree leaf of 10 parts by weight and 10 parts by weight are broken to
120 mesh, the water small fire for adding 600 parts by weight is decocted 2.0 hours, is obtained decoction liquor, is watered 1000 times and is diluted, obtain the place
Manage liquid.
Further described as to such scheme, the feed ingredient is：Chicken and duck fish intestines mass percent accounts for 70%, melon
Fruit vegetable skin accounts for 20%, and soya corn powder accounts for 10%, feed ingredient wide material sources, and nutrition-allocated proportion is rationally, can be again wild rice stem life
It is long that a large amount of N P and Ks are provided.
Further described as to such scheme, the harvesting method of leech is：Ditch is put into using fresh animal clot
It is interior, attract leech it is edible when, fished for rapidly using net is fished for.
Contrast test
Leech is cultivated using the method for the present invention, and individually plants wild rice stem（It is used as wild rice stem group）With independent cultivation leech（It is used as water
Leech group）Compare, keeping wild rice stem to plant, pier number is the same, and hirudiniculture quantity is the same, and comparative result is recorded into as shown in the table：
| Project | Leech survival rate（%） | Leech Dried product（Thousand grams/acre） | Water Bamboo Yield（Thousand grams/acre） | The total reduced rate of cost（%） |
| The present invention | 97.8 | 195 | 975 | 36.8 |
| Wild rice stem group | / | / | 885 | / |
| Leech group | 85.9 | 160 | / | / |
It can be seen that by comparing：The wild rice stem field cultivation leech effect that the present invention is used is protruded very much, and leech survival rate is arrived
97.8, relatively individually cultivation leech improves a lot, and leech Dried product is 195,000 grams/acre, and relatively individually cultivation increases 21.9%,
Water Bamboo Yield also increases simultaneously, and cost reduces 36.8% altogether, and the present invention, will be very big using wild rice stem field cultivation leech
Utilization water and soil resources, and reach the effect of win-win progress.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method that wild rice stem field cultivates leech, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Crop field is built；
Every mu of plantation 60-80 kilograms for the treatment of fluid in field is splashed soil, is deep ploughed 35-40 centimetres, is exposed to the sun after 2 days, applies decomposed dung
1500-2000 kilograms, 20-25 centimetres is intertilled, wild rice stem field surrounding ridge is reinforced, ridge is higher by 50-60 centimetres of field, in ridge
Surrounding arrangement width of mesh is the anti-escape network of 40-60 mesh；
（2）Wild rice stem tiller is transplanted；
Mid-April, wild rice stem seedling tiller is transplanted to crop field, it is 90-100 centimetres to keep line-spacing, and spacing in the rows is 40-50 centimetres, is expert at
The ditch that depth is 30-40 centimetres, a width of 20-30 centimetres is dug out between row, the humus of 5-7 cm thicks, Xiang great are increased into ditch
4-5 centimetres of depth of water filling, places pasture and water in ditch in field；
（3）Leech is put in a suitable place to breed；
After wild rice stem is planted 2-3 days, the PH of wild rice stem water in field value is determined, is maintained between 6.5-7.5, if less than this scope, using
Limewash is adjusted, and disposably puts into river snail, common 180-200 kilograms of freshwater mussel to wild rice stem field, by the water that individual weight is 0.15-0.20 grams
Leech seedling, which is uniformly delivered, arrives wild rice stem Tanaka, and every mu of injected volume is 6-8 kilograms, and feed is uniformly sprinkled into wild rice stem field, and inventory is according to water
The leech speed of growth changes；
（4）Management, harvest
Late May, to mid-June, is controlled at the beginning of wild rice stem water in field position is 12-15 centimetres, mid-June to August, control wild rice stem water in field position
For 20-25 centimetres, and ensure that water temperature is no more than 28 DEG C, if more than this temperature, at the beginning of changing water reduction temperature, August, wild rice stem is ripe
After can harvest, the beginning of September can harvest leech.
2. the method that a kind of wild rice stem field according to claim 1 cultivates leech, it is characterised in that described treatment fluid, system
Preparation Method is：By the Chinese gall of 11-13 parts by weight, the Albizzia kalkora of 10-12 parts by weight, the Vitex negundo var cannabifolia of 9-11 parts by weight, 8-10 weight
The camphortree leaf of part and the ginkgo leaf powder of 7-10 parts by weight are broken to 100-120 mesh, and the water small fire for adding 500-600 parts by weight is decocted
1.5-2.0 hours, decoction liquor is obtained, 800-1000 times is watered and is diluted, the treatment fluid is obtained.
3. the method that a kind of wild rice stem field according to claim 1 cultivates leech, it is characterised in that the feed ingredient is：
Chicken and duck fish intestines mass percent accounts for 60-70%, and gourd, fruit and vegetable skin accounts for 20-30%, and soya corn powder accounts for 10%.
4. the method that a kind of wild rice stem field according to claim 1 cultivates leech, it is characterised in that the harvesting method of leech
For：Put into using fresh animal clot in ditch, attract leech it is edible when, fished for rapidly using net is fished for.
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