CN107039181B - 一种耐大电流、长寿命金属化薄膜电容器 - Google Patents
一种耐大电流、长寿命金属化薄膜电容器 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于薄膜电容器技术领域，具体涉及一种耐大电流、长寿命金属化薄膜电容器，包括厚度为350‑450mm的基膜和蒸镀在基膜上的金属镀层，所述金属镀层蒸镀为铝镀层和锌镀层，在铝镀层外涂敷页岩油层，在锌镀层外涂敷硅油层。本发明中按照本发明中方法得到的薄膜电容器在铝镀层和锌镀层表面分别涂布不同覆膜，能够提高金属化电容器薄膜的抗氧化能力，避免薄膜电容发生击穿事故，延长电容器的使用寿命，提高金属镀层与基膜之间结合的牢固性，从而改善了电容器的耐压、耐温性能；本发明中制备的金属化电容器薄膜结构平整，减少了表面电晕处理，使金属化电容器薄膜在工作中损耗值稳定，容量增加，大大增加了其使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于薄膜电容器技术领域，具体涉及一种耐大电流、长寿命金属化薄膜电容器。
背景技术
薄膜电容器是以金属箔当电极，将其和聚乙酯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯或聚碳酸酯等塑料薄膜，从两端重叠后，卷绕成圆筒状的结构制成电容器，具有：无极性、绝缘阻抗高、频率特性优异、介质损失小、体积小容量大等特性，基于以上优点，薄膜电容器广泛应用在电子、家电、电力、通讯等多个行业，是电子信息产业和电力工业必不可少的最基本电子元器件，随着信息技术的发展，电网建设、电气化铁路建设、节能照明、混合动力汽车以及家用电器的升级换代，薄膜电容器的市场发展前景将会更加广阔，其中薄膜电容器的电机有金属宿式或金属膜式两种，用金属膜式电极制作的电容器成为金属化薄膜电容器，现有的金属化薄膜电容器均为铝锌复合金属化薄膜，因其具有独特的自愈特性，能够提高金属化薄膜电容器的耐电压能力，延长金属化薄膜电容器的使用寿命，广泛应用于制造各类电力补偿用马达启动用交流电容器和直流滤波电容器，然而，金属化锌镀层在薄膜表面的附着力极差，而且在空气中极易氧化形成具有蓬松结构的氧化锌，容易导致电容器发生击穿事故，因此，迫切需要改进金属化薄膜，提高其抗氧化性，从而提高薄膜电容器的安全可靠性，延长薄膜电容器的使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题，提供了一种耐大电流、长寿命金属化薄膜电容器。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：一种耐大电流、长寿命金属化薄膜电容器，包括厚度为350-450mm的基膜和蒸镀在基膜上的金属镀层，所述金属镀层蒸镀与基膜的上下两面，位于基膜上面的金属镀层为铝镀层，在铝镀层外涂敷页岩油层，位于基膜下面的金属镀层为锌镀层，在锌镀层外涂敷硅油层；
其中，所述铝镀层的镀膜条件为真空压力5.5×10-4mbar，所述锌镀层的镀膜条件为真空压力7.5×10-4mbar；
其中，所述基膜由以下重量份的原料制成：氯磺化聚乙烯28-34份、均聚聚丙烯14-18份、硅氧烷接枝改性丙烯酸树脂12-16份、异丁烯三乙氧基硅烷3-5份、硅酸钡2-3份、烃丙基甲基纤维素8-12份、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚2-4份、碳酸锂0.3-0.7份、苯并三氮唑0.3-0.7份、葵二酸钠1-2份、二氯尼特糖酸酯3-5份、页岩油2-5份、氧化铝粉4-7份、邻苯二甲酸2-4份。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述基膜的厚度为6-8μm，宽度为800-1000mm。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述基膜的制备方法包括以下步骤：
（1）将氯磺化聚乙烯、均聚聚丙烯、烃丙基甲基纤维素、碳酸锂、葵二酸钠、氧化铝粉送入捏合机中，在160-180℃的条件下热处理2.5-3小时，得到混合物料；
（2）将剩余原料混合均匀后加入步骤（1）热处理后的混合物料中混合均匀，在捏合机中混炼均匀，于120-140℃处理2小时，得到混合胶料；
（3）将上述所得混合胶料经挤出模头挤出，吹膜定型，温度控制在260-280℃，挤出后的薄膜依次经过冷却辊冷却、牵引拉伸、厚度测量、表面电晕处理、切边、卷绕成膜、检验、入库。
其中，所述挤出后的薄膜以45-50倍的拉伸比进行双向同步拉伸，薄膜在温度为105-125℃的条件下，加热15-20分钟，横向热收缩率为0.1-0.2%、纵向热收缩率为1.5-2.5%。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：本发明中按照本发明中方法得到的薄膜电容器在铝镀层和锌镀层表面分别涂布不同覆膜，能够提高金属化电容器薄膜的抗氧化能力，避免薄膜电容发生击穿事故，延长电容器的使用寿命，提高金属镀层与基膜之间结合的牢固性，从而改善了电容器的耐压、耐温性能；本发明中制备的金属化电容器薄膜结构平整，减少了表面电晕处理，使金属化电容器薄膜在工作中损耗值稳定，容量增加，大大增加了其使用寿命。
附图说明
图1是金属化薄膜电容器金属镀层结构示意图
其中，1-基膜，2-铝镀层，20-页岩油层，3-锌镀层，30-硅油层。
具体实施方式
实施例1
如图1所示，一种耐大电流、长寿命金属化薄膜电容器，包括厚度为350-450mm的基膜1和蒸镀在基膜上的金属镀层，所述金属镀层蒸镀与基膜1的上下两面，位于基膜1上面的金属镀层为铝镀层2，在铝镀层2外涂敷页岩油层20，位于基膜1下面的金属镀层为锌镀层3，在锌镀层2外涂敷硅油层30；
其中，所述铝镀层的镀膜条件为真空压力5.5×10-4mbar，所述锌镀层的镀膜条件为真空压力7.5×10-4mbar；
其中，所述基膜由以下重量份的原料制成：氯磺化聚乙烯28份、均聚聚丙烯18份、硅氧烷接枝改性丙烯酸树脂12份、异丁烯三乙氧基硅烷5份、硅酸钡3份、烃丙基甲基纤维素10份、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚2份、碳酸锂0.3份、苯并三氮唑0.7份、葵二酸钠2份、二氯尼特糖酸酯3份、页岩油5份、氧化铝粉7份、邻苯二甲酸4份。
其中，所述基膜的厚度为8μm，宽度为800mm。
其中，所述基膜的制备方法包括以下步骤：
（1）将氯磺化聚乙烯、均聚聚丙烯、烃丙基甲基纤维素、碳酸锂、葵二酸钠、氧化铝粉送入捏合机中，在160-180℃的条件下热处理2.5-3小时，得到混合物料；
（2）将剩余原料混合均匀后加入步骤（1）热处理后的混合物料中混合均匀，在捏合机中混炼均匀，于120-140℃处理2小时，得到混合胶料；
（3）将上述所得混合胶料经挤出模头挤出，吹膜定型，温度控制在260-280℃，挤出后的薄膜依次经过冷却辊冷却、牵引拉伸、厚度测量、表面电晕处理、切边、卷绕成膜、检验、入库。
其中，所述挤出后的薄膜以46倍的拉伸比进行双向同步拉伸，薄膜在温度为120℃的条件下，加热18分钟，横向热收缩率为0.2%、纵向热收缩率为1.8%。
本实施例中基膜耐高温139℃，方阻值为1.9Ω/□，使用寿命能达到180000h，耐压可达1000V，侧面积增加，喷金层接触面积大，导电流能力强，使用范围更广。
实施例2
一种耐大电流、长寿命金属化薄膜电容器，包括厚度为350-450mm的基膜和蒸镀在基膜上的金属镀层，所述金属镀层蒸镀与基膜的上下两面，位于基膜上面的金属镀层为铝镀层，在铝镀层外涂敷页岩油层，位于基膜下面的金属镀层为锌镀层，在锌镀层外涂敷硅油层；
其中，所述铝镀层的镀膜条件为真空压力5.5×10-4mbar，所述锌镀层的镀膜条件为真空压力7.5×10-4mbar；
其中，所述基膜由以下重量份的原料制成：氯磺化聚乙烯32份、均聚聚丙烯16份、硅氧烷接枝改性丙烯酸树脂14份、异丁烯三乙氧基硅烷4份、硅酸钡3份、烃丙基甲基纤维素10份、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚4份、碳酸锂0.5份、苯并三氮唑0.5份、葵二酸钠1份、二氯尼特糖酸酯5份、页岩油2份、氧化铝粉5份、邻苯二甲酸3份。
其中，所述基膜的厚度为7μm，宽度为860mm。
其中，所述挤出后的薄膜以45倍的拉伸比进行双向同步拉伸，薄膜在温度为105℃的条件下，加热15分钟，横向热收缩率为0.16%、纵向热收缩率为2.1%。
本实施例中基膜耐高温142℃，方阻值为1.8Ω/□，使用寿命能达到180000h，耐压可达1000V，侧面积增加，喷金层接触面积大，导电流能力强，使用范围更广。
实施例2
一种耐大电流、长寿命金属化薄膜电容器，包括厚度为350-450mm的基膜和蒸镀在基膜上的金属镀层，所述金属镀层蒸镀与基膜的上下两面，位于基膜上面的金属镀层为铝镀层，在铝镀层外涂敷页岩油层，位于基膜下面的金属镀层为锌镀层，在锌镀层外涂敷硅油层；
其中，所述铝镀层的镀膜条件为真空压力5.5×10-4mbar，所述锌镀层的镀膜条件为真空压力7.5×10-4mbar；
其中，所述基膜由以下重量份的原料制成：氯磺化聚乙烯34份、均聚聚丙烯14份、硅氧烷接枝改性丙烯酸树脂16份、异丁烯三乙氧基硅烷5份、硅酸钡3份、烃丙基甲基纤维素10份、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚2份、碳酸锂0.7份、苯并三氮唑0.3份、葵二酸钠2份、二氯尼特糖酸酯4份、页岩油3份、氧化铝粉4份、邻苯二甲酸2份。
其中，所述基膜的厚度为8μm，宽度为1000mm。
其中，所述挤出后的薄膜以50倍的拉伸比进行双向同步拉伸，薄膜在温度为125℃的条件下，加热20分钟，横向热收缩率为0.2%、纵向热收缩率为2.5%。
本实施例中基膜耐高温141℃，方阻值为1.9Ω/□，使用寿命能达到180000h，耐压可达1000V，侧面积增加，喷金层接触面积大，导电流能力强，使用范围更广。
Claims (3)
1.一种耐大电流、长寿命金属化薄膜电容器，其特征在于，包括厚度为350-450mm的基膜和蒸镀在基膜上的金属镀层，所述金属镀层蒸镀于 基膜的上下两面，位于基膜上面的金属镀层为铝镀层，在铝镀层外涂敷页岩油层，位于基膜下面的金属镀层为锌镀层，在锌镀层外涂敷硅油层；
其中，所述铝镀层的镀膜条件为真空压力5.5×10-4mbar，所述锌镀层的镀膜条件为真空压力7.5×10-4mbar；
其中，所述基膜由以下重量份的原料制成：氯磺化聚乙烯28-34份、均聚聚丙烯14-18份、硅氧烷接枝改性丙烯酸树脂12-16份、异丁烯三乙氧基硅烷3-5份、硅酸钡2-3份、烃丙基甲基纤维素8-12份、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙醇胺醚2-4份、碳酸锂0.3-0.7份、苯并三氮唑0.3-0.7份、葵二酸钠1-2份、二氯尼特糖酸酯3-5份、页岩油2-5份、氧化铝粉4-7份、邻苯二甲酸2-4份；
所述基膜的制备方法包括以下步骤：
（1）将氯磺化聚乙烯、均聚聚丙烯、烃丙基甲基纤维素、碳酸锂、葵二酸钠、氧化铝粉送入捏合机中，在160-180℃的条件下热处理2.5-3小时，得到混合物料；
（2）将剩余原料混合均匀后加入步骤（1）热处理后的混合物料中混合均匀，在捏合机中混炼均匀，于120-140℃处理2小时，得到混合胶料；
（3）将上述所得混合胶料经挤出模头挤出，吹膜定型，温度控制在260-280℃，挤出后的薄膜依次经过冷却辊冷却、牵引拉伸、厚度测量、表面电晕处理、切边、卷绕成膜、检验、入库。
2.如权利要求1所述一种耐大电流、长寿命金属化薄膜电容器，其特征在于，所述基膜的厚度为6-8μm，宽度为800-1000mm。
3.如权利要求1所述一种耐大电流、长寿命金属化薄膜电容器，其特征在于，所述挤出后的薄膜以45-50倍的拉伸比进行双向同步拉伸。
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