CN107033946B - 一种以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法 - Google Patents
一种以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- ZQRGREQWCRSUCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [S].C=1C=CSC=1 Chemical compound [S].C=1C=CSC=1 ZQRGREQWCRSUCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229910020442 SiO2—TiO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical group Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- UGACIEPFGXRWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ti] Chemical compound [Si].[Ti] UGACIEPFGXRWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WCCJDBZJUYKDBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Cu] WCCJDBZJUYKDBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical class [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- NPPHEVSPZGYDHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [S].C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 Chemical compound [S].C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 NPPHEVSPZGYDHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002152 alkylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003577 thiophenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G25/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
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- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
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- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
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Abstract
一种以Cu2O/SiO2‑TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,属于燃料油加工技术领域。该方法以正硅酸乙酯为硅源、钛酸四丁酯为钛源,醋酸铜为铜源,采用溶胶凝胶—常压干燥法制得Cu2O/SiO2‑TiO2复合气凝胶,随后将其填装入固定床吸附装置中,在一定温度与流量下,注入模拟汽油。在反应装置的下端出口处收集吸附后的模拟汽油,进行气相色谱分析,结果表明Cu2O/SiO2‑TiO2复合气凝胶对噻吩和苯并噻吩均有良好的吸附性能。本发明中Cu2O/SiO2‑TiO2复合气凝胶吸附剂的制备方法简单、成本低廉,该吸附剂可多次重复使用、经济效益高,且其吸附条件温和、对吸附设备的要求低。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于燃料油加工技术领域,具体涉及一种吸附条件温和、制备方法简单的以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂通过π络合吸附作用脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法。
背景技术
随着车用工业的大力发展,汽车尾气硫化物的大量排放不仅使环境污染问题日趋严重,同样也威胁着人类的身体健康。因此,对燃料油的深度脱硫已经成为了全社会关注的焦点。
目前,燃料油品的脱硫工艺主要有加氢脱硫技术、烷基化脱硫技术、生物脱硫技术、萃取脱硫技术、氧化脱硫技术、吸附脱硫技术等。其中,π络合吸附脱硫技术以其较好的脱硫效果、简便的操作和低廉的成本等优点在该技术领域中脱颖而出。根据载体的不同,π络合脱硫吸附剂可分为分子筛类、活性炭类、金属氧化物类。
以金属氧化物为载体的π络合脱硫吸附剂。南通大学(公开号 CN 10300787 A)以铜元素掺杂的介孔γ-Al2O3与含硫的燃料油接触,利用吸附法实现脱硫,操作成本低,吸附容量大,且再生方便。中国石油化工股份有限公司(公开号 CN 10161923 A)制备了一种脱硫吸附剂,该吸附剂包括以氧化铝为粘结剂,氧化锌为载体,再与络合剂溶液接触,然后负载金属促进剂。用于燃料油脱硫,活性高,吸附硫容量大。但在制备过程中,金属离子容易堵塞金属氧化物孔道,导致负载的活性组分在表面堆积,无法进入孔道内提供活性位,降低吸附脱硫性能,且此法较难应用于工业化生产。
发明内容
针对现有π络合吸附剂在脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫中存在的上述问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种吸附条件温和、操作方便、吸附性能优越且吸附容量大、易再生的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶通过π络合吸附作用脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂通过π络合吸附作用脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法。
所述的一种以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂,将该吸附剂填装入固定床吸附装置,在吸附温度为0~100 ℃,空速为1~10 h-1下向固定床吸附装置中通入含有噻吩类硫的模拟汽油,经吸附后得到无硫的模拟汽油。
所述的一种以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于噻吩类硫为噻吩或苯并噻吩。
所述的一种以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶吸附剂以硅源、钛源和铜源为原料,采用溶胶凝胶-常压干燥法制备得到CuO/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶,CuO/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶经氢气还原得Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶。
所述以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于所用的硅源为正硅酸乙酯或水玻璃,优选为正硅酸乙酯;钛源为钛酸四丁酯;铜源为氯化铜或醋酸铜,优选为醋酸铜。
所述的一种以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶吸附剂中的硅、钛摩尔比为10~40 : 1,优选为20~30 : 1,最优为30:1。
所述的一种以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶吸附剂中硅与钛总摩尔量与铜摩尔量比为40~150:1,优选为40:1、50:1或75:1。
所述以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于CuO/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶经氢气还原成Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶的还原温度为100~220℃,优选为100~160 ℃,还原时间为3~7h,优选为4~6h。
所述的一种以Cu2O/SiO2- TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于通入噻吩或苯并噻吩的空速为1~5 h-1,吸附温度为0~40 ℃。
所述的一种以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶吸附模拟汽油中噻吩类硫的浓度为100 ppm~2000 ppm,优选为100~500 ppm。
所述的一种以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶的介孔特征孔径为5~20 nm,孔隙率为85~99%,比表面积为600~1500 m2/g。
通过采用上述技术,与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:
1)本发明的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶具有典型介孔特征孔径(5~20 nm),高孔隙率(85~99%),高比表面积(600~1500 m2/g)等独特物理化学性质,因此噻吩类硫化物可无阻碍地进入气凝胶孔道内,且活性组分与硫化物能充分接触;
2)本发明的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶作为π络合脱硫吸附剂与其他π络合吸附剂相比,它在硅骨架结构中引入Ti2+,Ti有很强的储氧能力,能在Cu2+还原成Cu+的过程中,使Cu2O结构更加稳定,增加气凝胶内表面活性组分Cu+的数量。且其结构是由纳米级骨架颗粒构成,使骨架内的活性组分可充分暴露。在气凝胶的合成过程中,可将具有π络合作用的过渡金属盐加入其中,因此其活性组分的量是可调节的;
3)本发明的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶π络合吸附剂对噻吩类硫化物有良好的吸附性能,通过溶剂洗涤便可再生,再生后仍然有良好的吸附性能;
4)本发明的吸附反应在常压下进行、吸附条件温和、对吸附设备的要求低、操作方便,且对噻吩类化合物有良好的吸附效果。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步描述,但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此。
实施例1-6:不同硅源与铜源的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶对吸附模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物的影响
选用溶胶-凝胶法制备,固定硅铝总摩尔量与铜摩尔量比50、硅钛比30、氢气还原温度120摄氏度下还原5h的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶,所用的硅源有正硅酸乙酯、水玻璃,铜源有氯化铜、醋酸铜,钛源为钛酸四丁酯,将制备完成的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶进行穿透吸附脱硫实验,具体操作如下:在固定床反应器中,最底层填装适量的脱脂棉,然后填装1 g的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2气凝胶与适量的石英砂。吸附实验开始前,用正庚烷充分润湿所填装的吸附剂。通入模拟汽油,在反应器的下端出口处收集吸附后的模拟汽油,进行气相色谱分析。操作条件为进料采用100ppm的噻吩或苯并噻吩,固定吸附温度25℃,固定空速1 h-1;所得到的噻吩与苯并噻吩的穿透吸附容量,结果见表1。
表1 不同硅源的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶对模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物的吸附性能
表2 不同铜源的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶对模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物的吸附性能
从表1、表2可以看出,在合成Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶所用的硅源与铜源中,当硅源选用正硅酸乙酯,铜源选用醋酸铜时,所合成的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶在穿透吸附实验中,对噻吩与苯并噻吩有最大的穿透吸附容量。因此优选硅源为正硅酸乙酯,铜源为醋酸铜。
实施例7-10:不同硅钛摩尔比的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶对吸附模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物的影响
选用硅源为正硅酸乙酯、铜源为醋酸铜,硅钛摩尔比分别10、20、30、40,其他条件同实施案例1~6的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2气凝胶,对模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物进行穿透吸附实验。其穿透吸附实验操作同实施例1~6,吸附结果见表3。
表3 不同硅钛比对吸附模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物的影响
从表3可以看出,Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2气凝胶随着硅钛摩尔比的减小即钛含量的增加,对噻吩与苯并噻吩的穿透吸附容量随之先增后降。在硅钛摩尔比为30时,噻吩与苯并噻吩的穿透吸附容量达到最大,因此优选硅钛摩尔比为20~40的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2气凝胶。
实施例11-14:不同硅铜摩尔比的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶对吸附模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物的影响
选用硅源为正硅酸乙酯、铜源为醋酸铜,硅铜比为40、50、75、150 ,其他条件同实施案例1~6的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2,其他条件同实施案例1~6,对模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物进行穿透吸附实验。其穿透吸附实验操作同实施例1~6,吸附结果见表4。
表4 不同硅与钛总摩尔量与铜摩尔量比的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2对吸附模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物的影响
从表4可以看出,Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2气凝胶随着硅与钛总摩尔量与铜摩尔量比的减小即铜含量的增加,对噻吩与苯并噻吩的穿透吸附容量随之先增后降。在硅与钛总摩尔量与铜摩尔量比为50时,噻吩与苯并噻吩的穿透吸附容量达到最大,因此优选硅与钛总摩尔量与铜摩尔量比为40~75的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2气凝胶。
实施例15-21:CuO/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶在不同还原温度下还原所得的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶对吸附模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物的影响
选用硅源为正硅酸乙酯、铜源为醋酸铜,还原温度分别为100、120、1400、160、180、200、220℃,其他条件同实施案例1~6的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2气凝胶,对模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物进行穿透吸附实验。其穿透吸附实验操作同实施例1~6,吸附结果见表5。
表5 不同Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2气凝胶的还原温度对吸附模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物的影响
从表5可以看出,Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2气凝胶随着还原温度的上升,Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2对噻吩与苯并噻吩的穿透吸附容量随之先增后降。在还原温度为120℃时,噻吩与苯并噻吩的穿透吸附容量达到最大,因此优选还原温度为100~160℃。
实施案例22~26:不同还原时间对Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶吸附模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物的影响
选用硅源为正硅酸乙酯、铜源为醋酸铜,还原时间分别为3 h、4 h、5 h、6 h、7 h,其他条件同实施案例1~6的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶,对模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物进行穿透吸附实验。其穿透吸附实验操作同实施例1~6,吸附结果见表6。
表6 不同还原时间对吸附模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物的影响
从表6可以看出,随着还原时间的加长,噻吩与苯并噻吩的穿透吸附容量会先增后减,当还原时间增加到5 h时,对噻吩类硫化物的穿透吸附容量变最大大,因此优选还原时间为4~6 h。
实施案例26~30:不同空速对复合气凝胶吸附模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物的影响
选用硅源为正硅酸乙酯、铜源为醋酸铜,穿透空速分别为1 h-1、3 h-1、5 h-1、8 h-1、10 h-1,其他条件同实施案例1~6的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶,对模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物进行穿透吸附实验。其穿透吸附实验操作同实施例1~6,吸附结果见表7。
表7 不同空速对吸附模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物的影响
从表7可以看出,空速的减小,噻吩与苯并噻吩的穿透吸附容量会逐渐增大,当空速减小到5 h-1之后,对噻吩类硫化物的穿透吸附容量变化不大,因此优选空速为1~5 h-1。
实施案例31~35:不同吸附温度对Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶吸附模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物的影响
选用硅源为正硅酸乙酯、铜源为醋酸铜,吸附温度分别选为0℃、25℃、40℃、80℃、100℃,其他条件同实施案例1~6的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶,对模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物进行穿透吸附实验。穿透吸附实验操作同实施例1~6,吸附结果见表8。
表8 不同吸附温度对吸附模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物的影响
从表8可以看出,随着吸附温度的升高,噻吩与苯并噻吩的穿透吸附容量逐渐减小,在80℃之后,噻吩与苯并噻吩的吸附穿透容量比较小,表明在此温度下,被Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶吸附的噻吩与苯并噻吩已脱附。因此优先吸附温度为0~40℃。
实施案例36~39:不同硫浓度对Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶吸附模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物的影响
选用硅源为正硅酸乙酯、铜源为醋酸铜,进料模拟汽油中的噻吩或苯并噻吩的硫浓度分别为100ppm、500ppm、1000ppm、2000ppm,其他条件同实施案例1~6的Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶,进行穿透吸附实验。穿透吸附操作同实施例1~6,吸附结果见表9。
表9 不同硫浓度对吸附模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物的影响
从表9可以看出,模拟汽油中噻吩或苯并噻吩硫浓度的增大,Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶对噻吩与苯并噻吩穿透吸附容量呈下降的趋势,因此优选模拟汽油中噻吩或苯并噻吩硫浓度为100~500 ppm。
Claims (13)
1.一种以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂,将该吸附剂填装入固定床吸附装置,在吸附温度为0~100℃,空速为1~10 h-1下向固定床吸附装置中通入含有噻吩类硫的模拟汽油,经吸附后得到无硫的模拟汽油;
所述Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶吸附剂以硅源、钛源和铜源为原料,采用溶胶凝胶-常压干燥法制备得到CuO/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶,CuO/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶经氢气还原得Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶;
所述Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶吸附剂中的硅、钛摩尔比为10~40 : 1;
所述Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶吸附剂中硅与钛总摩尔量与铜摩尔量比为40~150:1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于噻吩类硫为噻吩或苯并噻吩。
3.根据权利要求1所述以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于所用的硅源为正硅酸乙酯或水玻璃;钛源为钛酸四丁酯;铜源为氯化铜或醋酸铜。
4.根据权利要求1所述以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于所用的硅源为正硅酸乙酯;钛源为钛酸四丁酯;铜源为醋酸铜。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶吸附剂中的硅、钛摩尔比为20~30 :1。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶吸附剂中的硅、钛摩尔比为30:1。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶吸附剂中硅与钛总摩尔量与铜摩尔量比为40:1,50:1或75:1。
8.据权利要求1所述以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于CuO/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶经氢气还原成Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶的还原温度为100~220℃,还原时间为3~7h。
9.据权利要求1所述以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于CuO/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶经氢气还原成Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶的还原温度为100~160 ℃,还原时间为4~6h。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于通入噻吩或苯并噻吩的空速为1~5 h-1,吸附温度为0~40 ℃。
11.根据权利要求1所述的一种以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶吸附模拟汽油中噻吩类硫的浓度为100ppm~2000ppm。
12.根据权利要求1所述的一种以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶吸附模拟汽油中噻吩类硫的浓度为100~500 ppm。
13.根据权利要求1所述的一种以Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法,其特征在于Cu2O/SiO2-TiO2复合气凝胶的介孔特征孔径为5~20 nm,孔隙率为85~99%,比表面积为600~1500 m2/g。
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CN106111054A (zh) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-11-16 | 浙江工业大学 | 一种以SiO2/Cu2O复合气凝胶为吸附剂脱除燃料油中噻吩类硫的方法 |
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