CN107021841B

CN107021841B - Special liquid bacterial fertilizer for kiwi fruits

Info

Publication number: CN107021841B
Application number: CN201710402032.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴治国; 刘洁; 舒娟
Original assignee: SHAANXI PUCHENG MEIERGUO AGROCHEMICAL CO Ltd
Current assignee: SHAANXI PUCHENG MEIERGUO AGROCHEMICAL CO Ltd
Priority date: 2017-06-01
Filing date: 2017-06-01
Publication date: 2020-09-29
Anticipated expiration: 2037-06-01
Also published as: CN107021841A

Abstract

The invention discloses a special liquid bacterial fertilizer for kiwi fruits, which is composed of 150-300 parts of urea, 100-250 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 80-150 parts of potassium sulfate, 1-10 parts of a microbial agent, 1-10 parts of chelated iron, 1-10 parts of chelated zinc and water at will; wherein the microbial agent is formed by mixing bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor and bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor, and the effective viable count of the microbial agent is more than or equal to 50 hundred million/ml. On one hand, the liquid bacterial fertilizer can be used for preventing and controlling diseases of kiwi fruits in a targeted manner, so that the yield and the quality of the cultivated kiwi fruits can be greatly improved. The method can be used for increasing the yield of the kiwi fruits, increasing the content of the vitamin C, improving soil organic matters and the like.

Description

Special liquid bacterial fertilizer for kiwi fruits

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of bacterial manure, in particular to a special liquid bacterial manure for kiwi fruits.

Background

Kiwi (Actinidia chinensis) is commonly called as carambola, wild peach and the like, belongs to Actinidiaceae (Actinidiaceae) Actinidia (Actinidia), and is an ancient wild woody vine fruit tree native to China. Kiwi fruit is delicious in taste and rich in nutrition, is known as 'fruit king', has high vitamin C content, and directly influences the quality of fruits. However, in the growth process of the kiwi fruits, flower rot easily occurs, which is mainly flower damage and leaf damage, thus causing a great amount of flower and fruit drop and greatly influencing the yield and quality of the kiwi fruits; because the kiwi fruits mostly grow in forest regions, are cold-resistant and shade-resistant, are favored to grow in more concealed needle-broad mixed forests or secondary weedtree forests, no fertilizer is applied all the year round, so that nutrient elements in soil are lacked, and the kiwi fruits are favored to have pH value of 5.5-6.5 subacid sandy loam.

The soil is the foundation for the growth of the kiwi fruit tree, and the quality of the physical and chemical properties of the soil directly influences the growth of the tree, the fruit quality and the sustainable development of an orchard. Soil microorganisms are an important component of the soil ecosystem, and almost all soil processes are directly or indirectly related to soil microorganisms, and particularly some beneficial soil microorganisms can directly or indirectly improve the soil nutrient availability.

The existing special fertilizer for kiwi fruits contains chemical pesticides, is not suitable in nutrient proportion and affects production of kiwi fruits, for example, CN 105218277A discloses a microbial fertilizer for kiwi fruits, which contains a biological organic fertilizer and an inorganic fertilizer, wherein a microbial agent is EM (effective microorganisms), an added inorganic fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium-boron-magnesium fertilizer, raw materials are added in a large amount, and the improvement effect of the microbial agent on soil is not obvious; CN 104761407A discloses a compound microorganism insecticidal fertilizer for kiwi fruit, which is easy to cause pesticide residue due to the addition of an insecticide in raw materials.

The application is directed against the above problem promptly, has passed through many years's laboratory and field test, provides a dedicated liquid bacterial manure of kiwi fruit, and this product contains to have the improvement effect to soil and to have the increase production effect to the kiwi fruit, can also increase little C content to have prevention and cure effect to its disease, studied inorganic chemical fertilizer, microelement's selection simultaneously, reached the biggest increase production effect to the kiwi fruit.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide the liquid bacterial fertilizer which has a prevention effect on kiwi fruit diseases, improves the yield and the vitamin C content and improves the soil.

To achieve the object, the liquid fertilizer of the present invention comprises: urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, a microbial agent, chelated iron, chelated zinc and water.

The microbial agent is formed by mixing bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor and bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor, and the effective viable count of the microbial agent is more than or equal to 50 hundred million/ml; wherein the chelated iron and the chelated zinc are chelated by organic acid.

The liquid fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 150-300 parts of urea, 100-250 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 80-150 parts of potassium sulfate, 1-10 parts of microbial agent, 1-10 parts of chelated iron, 1-10 parts of chelated zinc and water.

Further, the proportion of each component is preferably as follows: 200-250 parts of urea, 150-200 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100-130 parts of potassium sulfate, 5-10 parts of microbial agent, 1-10 parts of chelated iron, 1-10 parts of chelated zinc and any water.

The bacillus subtilis and the amylolytic spores in the microbial agent have prevention and control effects on kiwi fruit diseases, and the addition of an inorganic fertilizer can effectively promote the growth of kiwi fruits and adjust the pH environment of soil, so that the product is improved, and the quality is improved.

The preparation method of the liquid fertilizer comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing all inorganic fertilizers uniformly for later use, and adding water and mixing the bacterial suspension of the microbial agent when in specific application.

The preparation method of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens bacterial suspension comprises the following steps: the two-stage aerobic batch fermentation is adopted, and the formula of a seed culture medium is as follows: 5.0g of yeast extract, 10.0g of peptone, 10.0g of sodium chloride and 1000mL of water, wherein the pH value is 7.0-7.2; the fermentation medium is as follows: 8.0g of yeast extract, 5.0g of peptone, 10.0g of sodium chloride, 0.5g of magnesium sulfate, 3g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 50.0g of molasses, 1000mL of water and pH 6.5-7.0; inoculating, culturing at 37 ℃, wherein the ventilation rate is 0.2-0.8L/L min, and culturing for 36-40 h to obtain the fermentation liquor.

The preparation method of the bacillus subtilis bacterial suspension comprises the following steps: inoculating the culture medium which is the same as the culture medium, culturing at 37 ℃, wherein the ventilation rate is 0.3-0.6L/L min, and culturing for 32-36 h to obtain the fermentation liquor.

And mixing the bacillus amyloliquefaciens suspension and the bacillus subtilis suspension according to the volume ratio to obtain mixed bacterial liquid with the viable count of more than 50 hundred million/mL, adjusting the pH value to 6.0-7.0, and subpackaging to obtain a finished product.

Compared with the prior art, the special liquid bacterial fertilizer for kiwi fruits disclosed by the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention specifically selects the types of the trace elements and the proper addition amount of the proper trace elements through tests, thereby preparing the special liquid bacterial fertilizer for the kiwi fruits, which has obvious yield increasing effect on the kiwi fruits and better soil improvement effect.

2. The liquid bacterial fertilizer can be used for preventing and controlling diseases of kiwi fruits in a targeted manner, and a suitable inorganic fertilizer raw material is selected, so that the yield and the quality of the cultivated kiwi fruits can be greatly improved.

3. The liquid bacterial manure can be used for increasing the yield of kiwi fruits and increasing the content of vitamin C in the kiwi fruits; has the effects of improving soil and preventing and treating kiwi fruit diseases.

Detailed Description

The specific embodiments of the present application are to be considered as illustrative of specific details of the invention and not as further limiting of the invention;

example 1

In order to screen the effect of different trace elements on kiwi fruits, the present application designed 7 treatments as shown in table 1: the kiwi fruit garden variety is Huayou, the soil pH value is 6.5, and the organic matter content is 3.5%. 35 plants with similar growth conditions were randomly selected, and each treatment was applied to 5 trees using an orthogonal experimental design. The application method comprises taking the trunk as the center and 0.5m as the radius, removing the surface soil, uniformly spraying bacterial manure on the soil surface, and covering with soil.

Collecting soil samples and fruit samples, sampling 35 fruit trees by adopting a four-point sampling method, collecting 15-20 cm of soil at a position which is 0.5m away from a trunk as a center, uniformly mixing, filling the soil into a sterile sealing bag, and taking the mixture back to a laboratory for soil physical and chemical property determination, wherein the test results are shown in table 2.

TABLE 1 combination formula of different trace elements

TABLE 2 results of different trace element treatments

The results show that: under the condition that the contents of major elements and the microbial inoculum are certain, the simultaneous addition of the iron fertilizer and the zinc fertilizer can effectively promote the growth of the kiwi fruit, improve the fruit quality and effectively increase the organic matter content of the soil, wherein the treatment W4, namely the treatment of simultaneous addition of iron and zinc, has obvious yield-increasing effect on the kiwi fruit and has the best soil improvement effect; the addition of the boron fertilizer has little influence on the increase of yield and the improvement of soil.

The influence of the contents of iron and zinc in the bacterial manure on kiwi fruit is further verified, the specific formula is shown in table 3, and the test result is shown in table 4.

TABLE 3 combination formula of different trace elements

TABLE 4 Effect of different treatments

The result shows that the larger the addition amount of the elements of iron and zinc in the bacterial manure is, the better the addition amount is, when the content of other raw materials is fixed (namely 520 parts of macroelements and 5 parts of microbial agents), the addition amount of zinc is 1-10 parts when the addition amount of iron is 5 parts, and the addition amount of iron is 1-10 parts when the addition amount of zinc is 5 parts, the yield increase is obvious, and the yield increase effect is not obvious when the addition amount of trace elements exceeds 10 parts and is lower than 1 part.

The liquid bacterial fertilizer for the kiwi fruits can be obtained through the test of the application, and when the bacterial fertilizer is added with trace elements of iron and zinc, the yield increasing effect is obvious, and the improvement effect on the soil is also better.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention, and such modifications are also within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The special liquid bacterial fertilizer for the kiwi fruits is characterized by comprising 220 parts of urea, 180 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 120 parts of potassium sulfate, 1-10 parts of a microbial agent, 1-10 parts of chelated iron, 1-10 parts of chelated zinc and water at will; wherein the microbial agent is formed by mixing bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor and bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquor, and the effective viable count of the microbial agent is more than or equal to 50 hundred million/ml;

the preparation method of the bacillus subtilis fermentation liquor comprises the following steps: preparing the seed culture medium and the fermentation culture medium as well as the bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquid; inoculating, culturing at 37 ℃, wherein the ventilation volume is 0.3-0.6L/L min, and culturing for 32-36 h;

the preparation method of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens fermentation liquid comprises the following steps: the formula of the seed culture medium is as follows: 5.0g of yeast extract, 10.0g of peptone, 10.0g of sodium chloride and 1000mL of water, wherein the pH value is 7.0-7.2; the fermentation medium is as follows: 8.0g of yeast extract, 5.0g of peptone, 10.0g of sodium chloride, 0.5g of magnesium sulfate, 3g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 50.0g of molasses, 1000mL of water and pH 6.5-7.0; inoculating, culturing at 37 ℃, wherein the ventilation volume is 0.2-0.8L/L min, and culturing for 36-40 h;

the chelated iron and the chelated zinc are chelated by organic acid.

2. The preparation method of the special liquid bacterial fertilizer for kiwi fruits of claim 1, wherein, the raw materials of the inorganic fertilizers are uniformly mixed for standby application, and when the raw materials are applied specifically, water is added and bacterial suspension of the microbial agent is mixed;

the preparation method of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens bacterial suspension comprises the following steps: the formula of the seed culture medium is as follows: 5.0g of yeast extract, 10.0g of peptone, 10.0g of sodium chloride and 1000mL of water, wherein the pH value is 7.0-7.2; the fermentation medium is as follows: 8.0g of yeast extract, 5.0g of peptone, 10.0g of sodium chloride, 0.5g of magnesium sulfate, 3g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 50.0g of molasses, 1000mL of water and pH 6.5-7.0; inoculating, culturing at 37 ℃, wherein the ventilation rate is 0.2-0.8L/L min, and culturing for 36-40 h to obtain fermentation liquor;

the preparation method of the bacillus subtilis bacterial suspension comprises the following steps: inoculating the culture medium which is the same as the culture medium, culturing at 37 ℃, wherein the ventilation rate is 0.3-0.6L/L min, and culturing for 32-36 h to obtain fermentation liquor;