CN107001385B - 作为mdm2-p53抑制剂的螺-[3h-吲哚-3,2’-吡咯烷]-2(1h)-酮化合物及其衍生物 - Google Patents
作为mdm2-p53抑制剂的螺-[3h-吲哚-3,2’-吡咯烷]-2(1h)-酮化合物及其衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107001385B CN107001385B CN201580043566.5A CN201580043566A CN107001385B CN 107001385 B CN107001385 B CN 107001385B CN 201580043566 A CN201580043566 A CN 201580043566A CN 107001385 B CN107001385 B CN 107001385B
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Abstract
本发明涵盖式(I)化合物,其中基团R1至R7、A、V、W、X、Y、n、r及q如权利要求1中所定义;其作为MDM2‑p53相互作用抑制剂的用途;含有此类化合物的药物组合物;其作为药剂、尤其作为用于治疗及/或预防致癌疾病的药剂的用途;及合成中间体。
Description
本发明涉及式(I)的新颖螺[3H-吲哚-3,2'-吡咯烷]-2(1H)-酮化合物及衍生物
其中基团R1至R7、A、V、W、X、Y、n、r及q具有权利要求书及说明书中给定的含义;其作为MDM2-p53相互作用抑制剂的用途;含有此类化合物的药物组合物;其作为药剂、尤其作为用于治疗及/或预防致癌疾病的药剂的用途;及合成中间体。
发明背景
肿瘤抑制蛋白p53为序列特异性转录因子且在数个细胞过程调节中发挥中心作用,所述细胞过程包括细胞周期及生长停滞、细胞凋亡、DNA修复、衰老、血管生成及先天性免疫。小鼠双微2(MDM2)蛋白(或其亦称为HDM2 的人类同源物)用于以自动调节方式下调p53活性且在正常细胞条件(不存在应力)下MDM2蛋白用以在低含量下维持p53活性。MDM2直接抑制p53的转录活化功能,使p53自细胞核输出且经由其E3泛素接合酶活性促进蛋白酶体介导的p53降解。
MDM2/p53平衡因MDM2过度表达或p53突变或缺失的失调导致正常细胞的恶性转型。目前已知p53在几乎全部类型的人类癌症中起关键作用,且 p53基因的突变或缺失可在全世界超过50%的所有人类癌症中鉴别出。在接近4,000个人类肿瘤样品中分析28种不同类型的人类癌症展示,MDM2在 7%的人类癌症中扩增且通过扩增的MDM2过度表达及p53突变基本上彼此排斥(Momand等人,Nucleic Acid Res(1998)26:3453-3459)。
由于p53的强大肿瘤抑制剂功能,故p53的再活化已作为潜在新颖癌症治疗策略而长期探寻。在含有野生型p53的肿瘤中,MDM2为p53活性的主要细胞抑制剂,且在许多人类肿瘤中发现MDM2的过度表达。由于MDM2 经由直接蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用抑制p53,故使用小分子阻断此相互作用在近十年间在数个学术及工业医药实验室中实行。已选择且设计多种非肽类药物小分子,如例如咪唑化合物(例如Nutlins或RG7112)、苯并二氮杂二酮化合物、螺羟吲哚化合物(例如MI-219)、经取代的哌啶、吡咯烷酮化合物(例如PXN820-dl)及其修饰物以便作为使细胞中的p53再活化的方式阻断 MDM2/p53相互作用(Vassilev等人,Science(2004)303:844-848;Grasberger 等人,J Med Chem(2005)48:909-912;Parks等人,Bioorg Med Chem Lett(2005) 15:765;Ding等人,J Am Soc(2005)127:10130-10131;WO 2010/028862;美国专利7,884,107;WO 2008/119741)。许多有效MDM2/p53抑制剂已在人类癌症的动物模型中对其抗肿瘤活性进行评估(Vassilev等人,Science(2004) 303:844-848;Tovar等人,Cancer Res(2013)73(8):2587-2597;Ding等人, Journal of MedicinalChemistry(2013)56(14):5979-5983;Rew等人,Journal of Medicinal Chemistry(2012)55:4936-4954;Sun等人,Journal of Medicinal Chemistry(2014)57(4):1454-1472)。
在NCI的儿科临床前测试操作(PPTP)中,可活体外及活体内观察到 MDM2-p53相互作用抑制剂RG7112的高含量抗增生活性的早期迹象。特别是,对于p53野生型相较于p53突变体细胞株,RG-7112在较低中位IC50值下展示细胞毒活性(Carol等人,Pediatric Bloodand Cancer(2013) 60(4):633-641)。此外,RG-7112在实体肿瘤异种移植模型中诱导肿瘤生长抑制作用且在具有混合谱系白血病(MLL)重排的急性淋巴母细胞白血病(ALL) 异种移植模型中特别有效(Carol等人,Pediatric Blood and Cancer(2013) 60(4):633-641)。另外,已在含有p53野生型的人类急性骨髓白血病(AML)及人类前列腺肿瘤异种移植模型中观察到RG7112的抗增生及促凋亡活性 (Tovar等人,Cancer Res(2013)73(8):2587-2597)。
因此,MDM2蛋白相互作用的小分子抑制剂提供以单一药剂形式或与广泛多种抗肿瘤疗法组合用于癌症疗法的重要途径,且因此需要可适用于治疗癌症的其他MDM2抑制剂。
以下先前技术文件公开作为MDM2-p53相互作用抑制剂的螺羟吲哚化合物:
WO 2007/104664;WO 2007/104714;WO 2008/141917;WO 2008/141975; WO 2009/077357;WO 2009/080488;WO 2010/084097;WO 2010/121995;WO 2011/067185;WO 2011/101297;WO 2011/134925;WO 2012/038307; WO 2012/022707;WO 2012/116989;WO 2006/091646;WO 2008/036168; WO 2011/060049;WO 2012/065022;WO 2012/155066;WO 2010/028862; WO 2011/153509及WO 2012/121361。
本发明的目标为提供可用于预防及/或治疗特征在于过度或异常细胞增生的疾病及/或病症、尤其抑制MDM2与p53之间的相互作用具有治疗效益的疾病及/或病症的新颖化合物。
本发明化合物特征在于对MDM2与p53之间相互作用的强大抑制效应及继而针对肿瘤细胞(例如骨肉瘤、ALL等)的高功效,其经由抑制MDM2与p53 之间的相互作用来介导。除抑制效应及细胞效能以外,化合物展示针对p53 突变体细胞株的良好PK特性及选择性。此外,其具有良好代谢稳定性及相比于先前技术中已知的许多化合物的良好化学稳定性,亦即其例如较不易于差向异构化,差向异构化为先前技术中许多已知螺羟吲哚代表性化合物所鉴别出的问题(参见例如Zhao等人J.Am.Chem.Soc 2013,135,7223-7234;Shu 等人Org.Process Res.Dev.2013,17,247-256;WO 2012/065022)。
发明详述
现已意外发现式(I)化合物,其中基团R1至R7、A、V、W、X、Y、n、 r及q具有下文给定的含义,充当参与控制细胞增生的特异性蛋白的相互作用抑制剂。因此,本发明化合物可用于例如治疗与此蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用有关且特征在于过度或异常细胞增生的疾病。
因此,本发明涉及式(I)化合物
其中
[A0]
R1为任选经一或多个相同或不同Rb1及/或Rc1取代的选自C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6卤烷基、C3-7环烷基、C4-7环烯基、C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基及3-10元杂环基的基团;
各Rb1独立地选自-ORc1、-NRc1Rc1、卤素、-CN、-C(O)Rc1、-C(O)ORc1、 -C(O)NRc1Rc1、-S(O)2Rc1、-S(O)2NRc1Rc1、-NHC(O)Rc1及-N(C1-4烷基)C(O)Rc1;
各Rc1彼此独立地表示氢或任选经一或多个相同或不同Rd1及/或Re1取代的选自C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6卤烷基、C3-7环烷基、C4-7环烯基、 C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基及3-10元杂环基的基团;
各Rd1独立地选自-ORe1、-NRe1Re1、卤素、-CN、-C(O)Re1、-C(O)ORe1、 -C(O)NRe1Re1、-S(O)2Re1、-S(O)2NRe1Re1、-NHC(O)Re1及-N(C1-4烷基)C(O)Re1;
各Re1彼此独立地表示氢或任选经一或多个相同或不同Rf1及/或Rg1取代的选自C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6卤烷基、C3-7环烷基、C4-7环烯基、 C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基及3-10元杂环基的基团;
各Rf1独立地选自-ORg1、-NRg1Rg1、卤素、-CN、-C(O)Rg1、-C(O)ORg1、 -C(O)NRg1Rg1、-S(O)2Rg1、-S(O)2NRg1Rg1、-NHC(O)Rg1及-N(C1-4烷基)C(O)Rg1;
各Rg1独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6卤烷基、C3-7环烷基、C4-7环烯基、C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基及3-10元杂环基;
[B0]
R2及R3各自独立地选自氢、C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基及3-10元杂环基,其中此C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基及3-10元杂环基任选经一或多个相同或不同 Rb2及/或Rc2取代;
各Rb2独立地选自-ORc2、-NRc2Rc2、卤素、-CN、-C(O)Rc2、-C(O)ORc2、 -C(O)NRc2Rc2、-S(O)2Rc2、-S(O)2NRc2Rc2、-NHC(O)Rc2及-N(C1-4烷基)C(O)Rc2;
各Rc2彼此独立地表示氢或任选经一或多个相同或不同Rd2及/或Re2取代的选自C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6卤烷基、C3-6环烷基、C4-6环烯基、 C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基及3-10元杂环基的基团;
各Rd2独立地选自-ORe2、-NRe2Re2、卤素、-CN、-C(O)Re2、-C(O)ORe2、 -C(O)NRe2Re2、-S(O)2Re2、-S(O)2NRe2Re2、-NHC(O)Re2及-N(C1-4烷基)C(O)Re2;
各Re2彼此独立地表示氢或选自C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6卤烷基、C3-6环烷基、C4-6环烯基、C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基及3-10元杂环基的基团;
[C0]
A选自苯基及5-6元杂芳基;
各R4独立地选自Ra4及Rb4;
各Ra4彼此独立地为任选经一或多个相同或不同Rb4及/或Rc4取代的选自 C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6卤烷基、C3-7环烷基、C4-7环烯基、C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基及3-10元杂环基的基团;
各Rb4独立地选自-ORc4、-NRc4Rc4、卤素、-CN、-C(O)Rc4、-C(O)ORc4、 -C(O)NRc4Rc4、-C(O)NRg4ORc4、-S(O)2Rc4、-S(O)2NRc4Rc4、-NHSO2Rc4、-N(C1-4烷基)SO2Rc4、-NHC(O)Rc4及-N(C1-4烷基)C(O)Rc4;
各Rc4彼此独立地表示氢或任选经一或多个相同或不同Rd4及/或Re4取代的选自C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6卤烷基、C3-7环烷基、C4-7环烯基、 C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基及3-10元杂环基的基团;
各Rd4独立地选自-ORe4、-NRe4Re4、卤素、-CN、-C(O)Re4、-C(O)ORe4、 -C(O)NRe4Re4、-C(O)NRg4ORe4、-S(O)2Re4、-S(O)2NRe4Re4、-NHC(O)Re4及-N(C1-4烷基)C(O)Re4;
各Re4彼此独立地表示氢或任选经一或多个相同或不同Rf4及/或Rg4取代的选自C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6卤烷基、C3-7环烷基、C4-7环烯基、 C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基及3-10元杂环基的基团;
各Rf4独立地选自-ORg4、-NRg4Rg4、卤素、-CN、-C(O)Rg4、-C(O)ORg4、 -C(O)NRg4Rg4、-C(O)NRg4ORg4、-S(O)2Rg4、-S(O)2NRg4Rg4、-NHC(O)Rg4及-N(C1-4烷基)C(O)Rg4;
各Rg4独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6卤烷基、C3-7环烷基、C4-7环烯基、C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基及3-10元杂环基;
r表示数字0、1、2或3
[D0]
R5及R6各自独立地选自氢、C1-4烷基及C1-4卤烷基;
n表示数字0或1;
[E0]
各R7独立地选自卤素、C1-4烷基、-CN、C1-4卤烷基、-OC1-4烷基及-OC1-4卤烷基;
q表示数字0、1、2或3;
[F0]
W、X及Y各自独立地选自-N=及-CH=
其限制条件为各-CH=中的氢可经取代基R7(若存在)置换且W、X及Y 中最多两者可为-N=;
[G0]
V为氧或硫;
或其盐。
在一个方面中,本发明涉及式(Ia)化合物,
或其盐,其中基团R1至R7、A、V、W、X、Y、n、q及r如式(I)所定义。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及式(Ib)化合物,
或其盐,其中基团R1至R7、A、V、W、X、Y、n、q及r如式(I)所定义。
应理解,化合物(Ia)为化合物(I)的子集,且除非另外说明,否则每当使用术语“化合物(I)”,此亦包括化合物(Ia)。
应理解,化合物(I)及化合物(Ia)为化合物(Ib)的子集,且除非另外说明,否则每当使用术语“化合物(Ib)”,此亦包括化合物(I)及化合物(Ia)。
在另一个方面[A1]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
R1为任选经一或多个相同或不同Rb1及/或Rc1取代的选自C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C1-6卤烷基及C3-7环烷基的基团;
各Rb1独立地选自-ORc1、-NRc1Rc1、卤素、-CN、-C(O)Rc1、-C(O)ORc1、 -C(O)NRc1Rc1、-S(O)2Rc1、-S(O)2NRc1Rc1、-NHC(O)Rc1及-N(C1-4烷基)C(O)Rc1;
各Rc1彼此独立地表示氢或任选经一或多个相同或不同Rd1及/或Re1取代的选自C1-6烷基、C3-7环烷基、C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基及3-10元杂环基的基团;
各Rd1独立地选自-ORe1、-NRe1Re1、卤素、-CN、-C(O)Re1、-C(O)ORe1、 -C(O)NRe1Re1、-S(O)2Re1、-S(O)2NRe1Re1、-NHC(O)Re1及-N(C1-4烷基)C(O)Re1;
各Re1彼此独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C3-7环烷基、C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基及3-10元杂环基;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[A2]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
R1为任选经一或多个相同或不同Rc1取代的选自C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基及 C3-7环烷基的基团;
各Rc1彼此独立地为任选经一或多个相同或不同Rd1及/或Re1取代的选自 C1-6烷基、C3-7环烷基、C6-10芳基及3-10元杂环基的基团;
各Rd1独立地选自-ORe1及卤素;
各Re1彼此独立地为C1-6烷基;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[A3]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
R1为任选经一或多个相同或不同Rc1取代的选自C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基及 C3-7环烷基的基团;
各Rc1彼此独立地为任选经一或多个相同或不同Rd1及/或Re1取代的选自 C1-6烷基、C3-7环烷基、苯基及5-6元杂环基的基团;
各Rd1独立地选自-ORe1及卤素;
各Re1彼此独立地为C1-6烷基;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[A4]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
R1选自C1-6烷基、C3-7环烷基、C3-7环烷基-C1-6烷基及C2-6烯基;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[A5]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
R1为C3-7环烷基-C1-6烷基;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[A6]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
R1为环丙基甲基;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[B1]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
R2及R3中的一者为氢且另一者选自苯基及5-6元杂芳基,其中此苯基及 5-6元杂芳基任选经一或多个相同或不同Rb2及/或Rc2取代;
各Rb2独立地选自-ORc2、-NRc2Rc2、卤素、-CN、-C(O)Rc2、-C(O)ORc2、 -C(O)NRc2Rc2、-S(O)2Rc2、-S(O)2NRc2Rc2、-NHC(O)Rc2及-N(C1-4烷基)C(O)Rc2;
各Rc2彼此独立地表示氢或选自C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6卤烷基、C3-6环烷基、C4-6环烯基、苯基、5-6元杂芳基及3-7元杂环基的基团;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[B2]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
R2及R3中的一者为氢且另一者选自苯基及吡啶基,其中此苯基及吡啶基任选经一或多个选自-OC1-6烷基、卤素、C1-6烷基及C1-6卤烷基的相同或不同取代基取代;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[B3]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
R2及R3中的一者为氢且另一者选自3-氯苯基、3-氯-2-氟苯基及3-溴2- 氟苯基;
或其盐。
在其他方面[B4]、[B5]、[B6]及[B7]中,本发明涉及具有结构方面[B0]、 [B1]、[B2]及[B3]的式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
R3为氢;
或其盐。
在其他方面[B8]、[B9]、[B10]及[B11]中,本发明涉及具有结构方面[B0]、 [B1]、[B2]及[B3]的式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
R2为氢;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[C1]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
A选自苯基及5-6元杂芳基;
各R4独立地选自Ra4及Rb4;
各Ra4彼此独立地为任选经一或多个相同或不同Rb4及/或Rc4取代的选自 C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6卤烷基、C3-7环烷基、C4-7环烯基、C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基及3-10元杂环基的基团;
各Rb4独立地选自-ORc4、-NRc4Rc4、卤素、-CN、-C(O)Rc4、-C(O)ORc4、 -C(O)NRc4Rc4、-C(O)NRg4ORc4、-S(O)2Rc4、-S(O)2NRc4Rc4、-NHSO2Rc4、-N(C1-4烷基)SO2Rc4、-NHC(O)Rc4及-N(C1-4烷基)C(O)Rc4;
各Rc4彼此独立地选自氢、C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基、C2-6炔基、C1-6卤烷基、 C3-7环烷基、C4-7环烯基、C6-10芳基、5-10元杂芳基及3-10元杂环基;
r表示数字0、1、2或3;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[C2]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
A选自苯基及吡啶基;
各R4独立地选自Ra4及Rb4;
各Ra4彼此独立地为任选经一或多个相同或不同Rb4取代的C1-6烷基;
各Rb4独立地选自-ORc4、-NRc4Rc4、卤素、-CN、-C(O)Rc4、-C(O)ORc4、 -C(O)NRc4Rc4、-C(O)NRg4ORc4、-S(O)2Rc4、-S(O)2NRc4Rc4、-NHSO2Rc4、-N(C1-4烷基)SO2Rc4、-NHC(O)Rc4及-N(C1-4烷基)C(O)Rc4;
各Rc4彼此独立地选自氢及C1-6烷基;
r表示数字0、1、2或3;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[C3]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
A选自苯基及吡啶基;
各R4独立地选自Ra4及Rb4;
各Ra4彼此独立地为任选经一或多个相同或不同Rb4取代的C1-6烷基;
各Rb4独立地选自-ORc4、卤素、-CN、-C(O)ORc4、-C(O)NRc4Rc4及-S(O)2Rc4;
各Rc4彼此独立地选自氢及C1-6烷基;
r表示数字0、1、2或3;
或其盐。
在其他方面[C4]、[C5]、[C6]及[C7]中,本发明涉及具有结构方面[C0]、 [C1]、[C2]及[C3]的式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
r表示数字1或2;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[C8]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
A连同r个取代基R4为
R8选自氢、C1-6烷基、-OC1-6烷基、卤素、-CN、-C(O)OH、-C(O)OC1-6烷基、-C(O)NH2、-C(O)NHC1-6烷基、-C(O)N(C1-6烷基)2及-S(O)2C1-6烷基;
R9选自氢、C1-6烷基、-OC1-6烷基、卤素、-CN、-C(O)OH、-C(O)OC1-6烷基、-C(O)NH2、-C(O)NHC1-6烷基、-C(O)N(C1-6烷基)2及-S(O)2C1-6烷基;
其限制条件为R8及R9不都是氢;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[C9]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
A连同r个取代基R4为
R8及R9中的一者为-C(O)OH且另一者为氢;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[D1]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
R5及R6为氢;
n表示数字0或1;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[D2]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
R5及R6为氢;
n为0;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[D3]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
R5及R6为氢;
n为1;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[E1]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
各R7独立地为卤素且q为1或2;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[E2]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
各R7独立地为氯或氟且q为1或2;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[F1]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
W、X及Y为-CH=,其限制条件为各-CH=中的氢可经取代基R7(若存在) 置换;
或其盐。
在另一个方面[EF1]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
包含W、X及Y连同q个取代基R7的6元环具有选自(i)及(ii)的子结构:
或其盐。
在另一个方面[G1]中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其中
V为氧;
或其盐。
上文提及的全部结构方面A1至A6、B1至B11、C1至C9、D1至D3、 E1及E2、F1、G1及EF1分别为对应方面A0、B0、C0、D0、E0、F0、EF0 及G0的优选实施方式,其中EF0(EF)表示E0(E)与F0(F)的组合。与本发明的化合物(I)、(Ia)及(Ib)的不同分子部分相关的结构方面A0至A6、B0至 B11、C0至C9、D0至D3、E0至E2、F0及F1、EF0及EF1以及G0及G1 可按需要在组合ABCDEFG中彼此变动,以便获得优选化合物(I)、(Ia)及(Ib) (方面E及F可经组合方面EF置换)。各组合ABCDEFG表示且界定本发明化合物的个别实施方式或通用子集。
本发明的优选实施方式为实施例化合物I-1至I-117。
本文中所公开的全部合成中间体亦为本发明的一部分。
在另一个方面中,本发明还涉及式A-4的合成中间体及其盐,其可作为用于式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物的合成的关键中间体:
A-4中的基团R2、R3、R5、R6、R7、V、W、X、Y、n及q的定义对应于以上化合物(I)、(Ia)及(Ib)给定的那些定义,亦即关于R2/R3的[B0]、关于 R5/R6/n的[D0]、关于R7/q的[E0]、关于W/X/Y的[F0]及关于V的[G0]。
优选中间体A-4为产生本发明的优选化合物(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)的所述中间体,亦即A-4的优选实施方式具有完全选自以下的结构方面:关于R2/R3的[B0] 至[B11]、关于R5/R6/n的[D0]至[D3]、关于R7/q的[E0]至[E2]、关于W/X/Y 的[F0]及[F1]、关于V的[G0]及[G1]以及关于R7/q/W/X/Y的[EF0]及[EF1]。这些结构方面可按需要在组合BDEFG中彼此变动,以便获得优选中间体A-4 (方面E及F可经组合方面EF置换)。各组合BDEFG表示且界定中间体A-4的个别实施方式或通用子集。
在另一个方面中,本发明还涉及式A-4的合成中间体或其盐(及本文所描述及/或定义的各个实施方式及子群)在化合物(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)的合成中的用途。
在另一个方面中,本发明还涉及式A-5的合成中间体及其盐,其可作为关键中间体用于式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物的合成:
A-5中的基团R1、R2、R3、R5、R6、R7、V、W、X、Y、n及q的定义对应于以上化合物(I)、(Ia)及(Ib)给定的所述定义,亦即关于R1的[A0]、关于 R2/R3的[B0]、关于R5/R6/n的[D0]、关于R7/q的[E0]、关于W/X/Y的[F0] 及关于V的[G0]。
优选中间体A-5为产生本发明的优选化合物(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)的所述中间体,亦即A-5的优选实施方式具有完全选自以下的结构方面:关于R1的[A0]至 [A6]、关于R2/R3的[B0]至[B11]、关于R5/R6/n的[D0]至[D3]、关于R7/q的[E0] 至[E2]、关于W/X/Y的[F0]及[F1]、关于V的[G0]及[G1]以及关于R7/q/W/X/Y 的[EF0]及[EF1]。这些结构方面可按需要在组合ABDEFG中彼此变动,以便获得优选中间体A-5(方面E及F可经组合方面EF置换)。各组合ABDEFG 表示且界定中间体A-5的个别实施方式或通用子集。
在另一个方面中,本发明还涉及式A-5的合成中间体或其盐(及本文所描述及/或定义的各个实施方式及子群)在化合物(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)的合成中的用途。
在另一个方面中,本发明还涉及式A-6的合成中间体及其盐,其可作为关键中间体用于式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物的合成:
A-6中的基团R1、R2、R3、R5、R6、R7、V、W、X、Y、n及q的定义对应于以上化合物(I)、(Ia)及(Ib)给定的所述定义,亦即关于R1的[A0]、关于 R2/R3的[B0]、关于R5/R6/n的[D0]、关于R7/q的[E0]、关于W/X/Y的[F0] 及关于V的[G0]。
优选中间体A-6为产生本发明的优选化合物(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)的所述中间体,亦即A-6的优选实施方式具有完全选自以下的结构方面:关于R1的[A0]至 [A6]、关于R2/R3的[B0]至[B11]、关于R5/R6/n的[D0]至[D3]、关于R7/q的[E0] 至[E2]、关于W/X/Y的[F0]及[F1]、关于V的[G0]及[G1]以及关于R7/q/W/X/Y 的[EF0]及[EF1]。这些结构方面可按需要在组合ABDEFG中彼此变动,以便获得优选中间体A-6(方面E及F可经组合方面EF置换)。各组合ABDEFG 表示且界定中间体A-6的个别实施方式或通用子集。
在另一个方面中,本发明还涉及式A-6的合成中间体或其盐(及本文所描述及/或定义的各个实施方式及子群)在化合物(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)的合成中的用途。
在另一个方面中,本发明还涉及式A-8的合成中间体及其盐,其可作为关键中间体用于式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物的合成:
A-8中的基团R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、A、V、W、X、Y、n、q 及r的定义对应于以上化合物(I)、(Ia)及(Ib)给定的所述定义,亦即关于R1的[A0]、关于R2/R3的[B0]、关于A/R4/r的[C0]、关于R5/R6/n的[D0]、关于 R7/q的[E0]、关于W/X/Y的[F0]及关于V的[G0]。
优选中间体A-8为产生本发明的优选化合物(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)的所述中间体,亦即A-8的优选实施方式具有完全选自以下的结构方面:关于R1的[A0]至 [A6]、关于R2/R3的[B0]至[B11]、关于A/R4/r的[C0]至[C9]、关于R5/R6/n的 [D0]至[D3]、关于R7/q的[E0]至[E2]、关于W/X/Y的[F0]及[F1]、关于V的 [G0]及[G1]以及关于R7/q/W/X/Y的[EF0]及[EF1]。这些结构方面可按需要在组合ABCDEFG中彼此变动,以便获得优选中间体A-8(方面E及F可经组合方面EF置换)。各组合ABCDEFG表示且界定中间体A-8的个别实施方式或通用子集。
在另一个方面中,本发明还涉及式A-8的合成中间体或其盐(及本文所描述及/或定义的各个实施方式及子群)在化合物(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)的合成中的用途。
在另一个方面中,本发明还涉及式A-9的合成中间体及其盐,其可作为关键中间体用于式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物的合成:
A-9中的基团R5、R6、R7、V、W、X、Y、n及q的定义对应于以上化合物(I)、(Ia)及(Ib)给定的所述定义,亦即关于R5/R6/n的[D0]、关于R7/q的 [E0]、关于W/X/Y的[F0]及关于V的[G0]。
优选中间体A-9为产生本发明的优选化合物(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)的所述中间体,亦即A-9的优选实施方式具有完全选自以下的结构方面:关于R5/R6/n的[D0] 至[D3]、关于R7/q的[E0]至[E2]、关于W/X/Y的[F0]及[F1]、关于V的[G0] 及[G1]以及关于R7/q/W/X/Y的[EF0]及[EF1]。这些结构方面可按需要在组合 DEFG中彼此变动,以便获得优选中间体A-9(方面E及F可经组合方面EF 置换)。各组合DEFG表示且界定中间体A-9的个别实施方式或通用子集。
在另一个方面中,本发明还涉及式A-9的合成中间体或其盐(及本文所描述及/或定义的各个实施方式及子群)在化合物(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)的合成中的用途。
本发明另外关于式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物的水合物、溶剂合物、多晶型物、代谢物、衍生物、异构体及前药。
例如携有酯基的式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物为潜在前药,酯在生理条件下裂解。
本发明另外关于式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物的药学上可接受的盐。
本发明另外关于式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物的共晶体,优选药学上可接受的共晶体。
在一个方面中,本发明的化合物(I)、(Ia)及(Ib)呈非晶形式。
本发明另外关于式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物与非有机或有机酸或碱的药学上可接受的盐。
本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物,其用于预防及/或治疗抑制MDM2 与p53之间的相互作用具有治疗效益的疾病及/或病症,包括(但不限于)治疗及/或预防癌症。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其作为药剂。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其用于治疗人类或动物体的方法。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其用于治疗及/或预防抑制MDM2与p53之间的相互作用具有治疗效益的疾病及/或病症。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其用于治疗及/或预防癌症、感染、炎症及自体免疫疾病。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其用于治疗及/或预防人类及动物体的癌症、感染、炎症及自体免疫疾病的方法。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的用途,其用于制备用于治疗及/或预防癌症、感染、炎症及自体免疫疾病的药物组合物。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其用于治疗及/或预防癌症。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的用途,其用于制备用于治疗及/或预防癌症的药物组合物。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其用于治疗及/或预防人类或动物体的癌症的方法。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其用于治疗及/或预防急性骨髓白血病(AML)、前列腺癌及肺癌,其中所述癌细胞为p53野生型。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其用于治疗及/或预防急性骨髓白血病(AML)、前列腺癌及肺癌,其中所述癌细胞优选为p53野生型。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的用途,其用于制备用于治疗及/或预防急性骨髓白血病(AML)、前列腺癌及肺癌的药物组合物,其中所述癌细胞为p53野生型。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的用途,其用于制备用于治疗及/或预防急性骨髓白血病(AML)、前列腺癌及肺癌的药物组合物,其中所述癌细胞为p53野生型。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及用于治疗及/或预防抑制MDM2与p53之间的相互作用具有治疗效益的疾病及/或病症的方法,其包括向人类给予治疗有效量的式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及用于治疗及/或预防癌症的方法,其包括向人类给予治疗有效量的式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及一种药物组合物,其包含至少一种式(I)或 (Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐及药学上可接受的载剂。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及一种药物制剂,其包含式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐及至少一种不同于式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)的其他细胞抑制或细胞毒性活性物质。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其用于治疗及/或预防癌症、感染、炎症及自体免疫疾病,其中该化合物在至少一种其他细胞抑制或细胞毒性活性物质之前、之后或一起给予。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的用途,其用于制备用于治疗及/或预防癌症、感染、炎症及自体免疫疾病的药剂,其中该化合物在至少一种其他细胞抑制或细胞毒性活性物质之前、之后或一起给予。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及制备用于在式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐之前、之后或一起给予的细胞抑制或细胞毒性活性物质,其用于治疗及/或预防癌症、感染、炎症及自体免疫疾病。
在另一个方面中,本发明涉及用于治疗及/或预防癌症、感染、炎症及自体免疫疾病的方法,其包括在至少一种其他细胞抑制或细胞毒性活性物质之前、之后或一起向人类给予治疗有效量的式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
定义
在本文中未特定定义的术语应由本领域技术人员根据本发明及上下文来赋予其应具有的含义。然而,如本说明书中所使用,除非相反说明,否则以下术语具有指定的含义且将遵守以下惯例:
使用前缀Cx-y(其中x及y各表示自然数(x<y))指示以直接关联规定及提及的链或环结构或链及环结构的组合整体可由最多y个且最少x个碳原子组成。
含有一或多个杂原子的基团(例如杂烷基、杂芳基、杂芳基烷基、杂环基、杂环基烷基)中成员数的指示涉及所有环成员或链成员的总原子数或所有环及链成员的总数。
由碳链及碳环结构的组合组成的基团(例如环烷基烷基、芳基烷基)中碳原子数的指示涉及所有碳环及碳链成员的总碳原子数。显然,环结构具有至少三个成员。
一般而言,对于包含两个或两个以上子基团的基团(例如杂芳基烷基、杂环基烷基、环烷基烷基、芳基烷基),最后命名的子基团为自由基连接点,例如取代基芳基-C1-6烷基是指芳基键结至C1-6烷基,后者键结至核或取代基所连接的基团。
烷基表示单价饱和烃链,其可以直链(未分支)及分支链形式存在。若烷基经取代,则取代可通过在各情况下单取代或多取代,彼此独立地在所有携氢碳原子上进行。
术语“C1-5烷基”包括例如H3C-、H3C-CH2-、H3C-CH2-CH2-、H3C-CH(CH3)-、 H3C-CH2-CH2-CH2-、H3C-CH2-CH(CH3)-、H3C-CH(CH3)-CH2-、H3C-C(CH3)2-、 H3C-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-、H3C-CH2-CH2-CH(CH3)-、H3C-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-、 H3C-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-、H3C-CH2-C(CH3)2-、H3C-C(CH3)2-CH2-、 H3C-CH(CH3)-CH(CH3)-及H3C-CH2-CH(CH2CH3)-。
烷基的其他实例为甲基(Me;-CH3)、乙基(Et;-CH2CH3)、1-丙基(正丙基; n-Pr;-CH2CH2CH3)、2-丙基(i-Pr;异丙基;-CH(CH3)2)、1-丁基(正丁基;n-Bu; -CH2CH2CH2CH3)、2-甲基-1-丙基(异丁基;i-Bu;-CH2CH(CH3)2)、2-丁基(仲丁基;sec-Bu;-CH(CH3)CH2CH3)、2-甲基-2-丙基(叔丁基;t-Bu;-C(CH3)3)、 1-戊基(正戊基;-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3)、2-戊基(-CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3)、3-戊基(-CH(CH2CH3)2)、3-甲基-1-丁基(异戊基;-CH2CH2CH(CH3)2)、2-甲基-2-丁基(-C(CH3)2CH2CH3)、3-甲基-2-丁基(-CH(CH3)CH(CH3)2)、2,2-二甲基-1-丙基 (新戊基;-CH2C(CH3)3)、2-甲基-1-丁基(-CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3)、1-己基(正己基;-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3)、2-己基(-CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH3)、3-己基 (-CH(CH2CH3)(CH2CH2CH3))、2-甲基-2-戊基(-C(CH3)2CH2CH2CH3)、3-甲基-2- 戊基(-CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH3)、4-甲基-2-戊基(-CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)2)、3- 甲基-3-戊基(-C(CH3)(CH2CH3)2)、2-甲基-3-戊基(-CH(CH2CH3)CH(CH3)2)、2,3- 二甲基-2-丁基(-C(CH3)2CH(CH3)2)、3,3-二甲基-2-丁基(-CH(CH3)C(CH3)3)、2,3- 二甲基-1-丁基(-CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH3)、2,2-二甲基-1-丁基 (-CH2C(CH3)2CH2CH3)、3,3-二甲基-1-丁基(-CH2CH2C(CH3)3)、2-甲基-1-戊基 (-CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3)、3-甲基-1-戊基(-CH2CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3)、1-庚基(正庚基)、2-甲基-1-己基、3-甲基-1-己基、2,2-二甲基-1-戊基、2,3-二甲基 -1-戊基、2,4-二甲基-1-戊基、3,3-二甲基-1-戊基、2,2,3-三甲基-1-丁基、3-乙基-1-戊基、1-辛基(正辛基)、1-壬基(正壬基);1-癸基(正癸基)等。
无任何其他定义的术语丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基等是指具有相应数目碳原子的饱和烃基,其中包括所有异构体形式。
若烷基为另一(组合)基团(诸如Cx-y烷基氨基或Cx-y烷基氧基)的一部分,则以上关于烷基的定义亦适用。
术语亚烷基亦可衍生自烷基。不同于烷基,亚烷基为二价且需要两个键结搭配物。形式上,通过移除烷基中的氢原子来产生第二价。相应基团为例如-CH3及-CH2-、-CH2CH3及-CH2CH2-或>CHCH3等。
术语“C1-4亚烷基”包括例如-(CH2)-、-(CH2-CH2)-、-(CH(CH3))-、 -(CH2-CH2-CH2)-、-(C(CH3)2)-、-(CH(CH2CH3))-、-(CH(CH3)-CH2)-、 -(CH2-CH(CH3))-、-(CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2)-、-(CH2-CH2-CH(CH3))-、 -(CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2)-、-(CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2)-、-(CH2-C(CH3)2)-、 -(C(CH3)2-CH2)-、-(CH(CH3)-CH(CH3))-、-(CH2-CH(CH2CH3))-、 -(CH(CH2CH3)-CH2)-、-(CH(CH2CH2CH3))-、-(CH(CH(CH3))2)-及 -C(CH3)(CH2CH3)-。
亚烷基的其他实例为亚甲基、亚乙基、亚丙基、1-甲基亚乙基、亚丁基、 1-甲基亚丙基、1,1-二甲基亚乙基、1,2-二甲基亚乙基、亚戊基、1,1-二甲基亚丙基、2,2-二甲基亚丙基、1,2-二甲基亚丙基、1,3-二甲基亚丙基、亚己基等。
无任何其他定义的通用术语亚丙基、亚丁基、亚戊基、亚己基等是指所有具有相应数目碳原子的可设想异构体形式,亦即亚丙基包括1-甲基亚乙基且亚丁基包括1-甲基亚丙基、2-甲基亚丙基、1,1-二甲基亚乙基及1,2-二甲基亚乙基。
若亚烷基为另一(组合)基团(诸如HO-Cx-y亚烷基氨基或H2N-Cx-y亚烷基氧基)的一部分,则以上关于亚烷基的定义亦适用。
不同于烷基,烯基由至少两个碳原子组成,其中至少两个相邻碳原子通过C-C双键接合在一起且一个碳原子仅可为一个C-C双键的一部分。在如上文所定义的具有至少两个碳原子的烷基中,若形式上移除相邻碳原子上的两个氢原子且使游离价饱和以形成第二键,则形成相应烯基。
烯基的实例为乙烯基、丙-1-烯基、烯丙基(丙-2-烯基)、异丙烯基、丁-1- 烯基、丁-2-烯基、丁-3-烯基、2-甲基-丙-2-烯基、2-甲基-丙-1-烯基、1-甲基- 丙-2-烯基、1-甲基-丙-1-烯基、1-亚甲基丙基、戊-1-烯基、戊-2-烯基、戊-3- 烯基、戊-4-烯基、3-甲基-丁-3-烯基、3-甲基-丁-2-烯基、3-甲基-丁-1-烯基、己-1-烯基、己-2-烯基、己-3-烯基、己-4-烯基、己-5-烯基、2,3-二甲基-丁-3- 烯基、2,3-二甲基-丁-2-烯基、2-亚甲基-3-甲基丁基、2,3-二甲基-丁-1-烯基、己-1,3-二烯基、己-1,4-二烯基、戊-1,4-二烯基、戊-1,3-二烯基、丁-1,3-二烯基、 2,3-二甲基丁-1,3-二烯等。
无任何其他定义的通用术语丙烯基、丁烯基、戊烯基、己烯基、丁二烯基、戊二烯基、己二烯基、庚二烯基、辛二烯基、壬二烯基、癸二烯基等是指所有具有相应数目碳原子的可设想异构体形式,亦即丙烯基包括丙-1-烯基及丙-2-烯基,丁烯基包括丁-1-烯基、丁-2-烯基、丁-3-烯基、1-甲基-丙-1-烯基、1-甲基-丙-2-烯基等。
烯基可任选相对于双键以顺式或反式或E或Z取向存在。
当烯基为另一(组合)基团(诸如Cx-y烯基氨基或Cx-y烯基氧基)的一部分时,以上关于烯基的定义亦适用。
不同于亚烷基,亚烯基由至少两个碳原子组成,其中至少两个相邻碳原子通过C-C双键接合在一起且一个碳原子仅可为一个C-C双键的一部分。在如上文所定义的具有至少两个碳原子的亚烷基中,若形式上移除相邻碳原子上的两个氢原子且使游离价饱和以形成第二键,则形成相应亚烯基。
亚烯基的实例为亚乙烯基、亚丙烯基、1-甲基亚乙烯基、亚丁烯基、1- 甲基亚丙烯基、1,1-二甲基亚乙烯基、1,2-二甲基亚乙烯基、亚戊烯基、1,1- 二甲基亚丙烯基、2,2-二甲基亚丙烯基、1,2-二甲基亚丙烯基、1,3-二甲基亚丙烯基、亚己烯基等。
无任何其他定义的通用术语亚丙烯基、亚丁烯基、亚戊烯基、亚己烯基等是指所有具有相应数目碳原子的可设想异构体形式,亦即亚丙烯基包括1- 甲基亚乙烯基且亚丁烯基包括1-甲基亚丙烯基、2-甲基亚丙烯基、1,1-二甲基亚乙烯基及1,2-二甲基亚乙烯基。
亚烯基可任选相对于双键以顺式或反式或E或Z取向存在。
当亚烯基为另一(组合)基团的一部分(如例如在HO-Cx-y亚烯基氨基或 H2N-Cx-y亚烯基氧基中)时,以上关于亚烯基的定义亦适用。
不同于烷基,炔基由至少两个碳原子组成,其中至少两个相邻碳原子通过C-C叁键接合在一起。在如上文所定义的具有至少两个碳原子的烷基中,若在各种情况下形式上移除相邻碳原子上的两个氢原子且使游离价饱和以形成另两个键,则形成相应炔基。
炔基的实例为乙炔基、丙-1-炔基、丙-2-炔基、丁-1-炔基、丁-2-炔基、丁-3-炔基、1-甲基-丙-2-炔基、戊-1-炔基、戊-2-炔基、戊-3-炔基、戊-4-炔基、 3-甲基-丁-1-炔基、己-1-炔基、己-2-炔基、己-3-炔基、己-4-炔基、己-5-炔基等。
无任何其他定义的通用术语丙炔基、丁炔基、戊炔基、己炔基、庚炔基、辛炔基、壬炔基、癸炔基等是指所有具有相应数目碳原子的可设想异构体形式,亦即丙炔基包括丙-1-炔基及丙-2-炔基,丁炔基包括丁-1-炔基、丁-2-炔基、丁-3-炔基、1-甲基-丙-1-炔基、1-甲基-丙-2-炔基等。
若烃链同时携载至少一个双键以及至少一个叁键,则通过定义其属于炔基子群。
若炔基为另一(组合)基团的一部分(如例如在Cx-y炔基氨基或Cx-y炔基氧基中),则以上关于炔基的定义亦适用。
不同于亚烷基,亚炔基由至少两个碳原子组成,其中至少两个相邻碳原子通过C-C叁键接合在一起。在如上文所定义的具有至少两个碳原子的亚烷基中,若在各种情况下形式上移除相邻碳原子上的两个氢原子且使游离价饱和以形成另两个键,则形成相应亚炔基。
亚炔基的实例为亚乙炔基、亚丙炔基、1-甲基亚乙炔基、亚丁炔基、1- 甲基亚丙炔基、1,1-二甲基亚乙炔基、1,2-二甲基亚乙炔基、亚戊炔基、1,1- 二甲基亚丙炔基、2,2-二甲基亚丙炔基、1,2-二甲基亚丙炔基、1,3-二甲基亚丙炔基、亚己炔基等。
无任何其他定义的通用术语亚丙炔基、亚丁炔基、亚戊炔基、亚己炔基等是指所有具有相应数目碳原子的可设想异构体形式,亦即亚丙炔基包括1- 甲基亚乙炔基且亚丁炔基包括1-甲基亚丙炔基、2-甲基亚丙炔基、1,1-二甲基亚乙炔基及1,2-二甲基亚乙炔基。
若亚炔基为另一(组合)基团的一部分(如例如在HO-Cx-y亚炔基氨基或 H2N-Cx-y亚炔基氧基中),则以上关于亚炔基的定义亦适用。
杂原子是指氧、氮及硫原子。
卤烷基(卤烯基、卤炔基)通过烃链的一或多个氢原子彼此独立地经可相同或不同的卤素原子置换而衍生自先前定义的烷基(烯基、炔基)。若卤烷基(卤烯基、卤炔基)进一步经取代,则取代在各情况下可以单取代或多取代形式,彼此独立地在所有携氢碳原子上进行。
卤烷基(卤烯基、卤炔基)的实例为-CF3、-CHF2、-CH2F、-CF2CF3、-CHFCF3、 -CH2CF3、-CF2CH3、-CHFCH3、-CF2CF2CF3、-CF2CH2CH3、-CF=CF2、-CCl=CH2、 -CBr=CH2、-C≡C-CF3、-CHFCH2CH3、-CHFCH2CF3等。
先前定义的卤烷基(卤烯基、卤炔基)亦衍生术语卤亚烷基(卤亚烯基、卤亚炔基)。不同于卤烷基(卤烯基、卤炔基),亚卤烷基(亚卤烯基、亚卤炔基) 为二价且需要两个键结搭配物。形式上,通过自卤烷基(卤烯基、卤炔基)移除氢原子而形成第二价。
相应基团为例如-CH2F及-CHF-、-CHFCH2F及-CHFCHF-或>CFCH2F等。
若相应含卤素基团为另一(组合)基团的一部分,则以上定义亦适用。
卤素涉及氟、氯、溴及/或碘原子。
环烷基由子群单环烃环、双环烃环及螺烃环组成。系统为饱和的。在双环烃环中,两个环接合在一起以使得其共同具有至少两个碳原子。在螺烃环中,一个碳原子(螺原子)同时属于两个环。
若环烷基经取代,则取代在各情况下可以单取代或多取代形式,彼此独立地在所有携氢碳原子上进行。环烷基本身可作为取代基经由环系统的每个适合的位置键联至分子。
环烷基的实例为环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基、双环[2.2.0] 己基、双环[3.2.0]庚基、双环[3.2.1]辛基、双环[2.2.2]辛基、双环[4.3.0]壬基(八氢茚基)、双环[4.4.0]癸基(十氢萘基)、双环[2.2.1]庚基(降冰片基)、双环[4.1.0] 庚基(降蒈基)、双环[3.1.1]庚基(蒎基)、螺[2.5]辛基、螺[3.3]庚基等。
若环烷基为另一(组合)基团的一部分(如例如在Cx-y环烷基氨基、Cx-y环烷基氧基或Cx-y环烷基烷基中),则以上关于环烷基的定义亦适用。
若环烷基的游离价数饱和,则获得脂环基。
因此,术语亚环烷基可衍生自先前定义的环烷基。不同于环烷基,亚环烷基为二价且需要两个键结搭配物。形式上,通过自环烷基移除氢原子获得第二价。相应基团为例如:
若亚环烷基为另一(组合)基团的一部分(如例如在HO-Cx-y亚环烷基氨基或H2N-Cx-y亚环烷基氧基中),则以上关于亚环烷基的定义亦适用。
环烯基亦由子群单环烃环、双环烃环及螺烃环组成。然而,系统为不饱和的,亦即存在至少一个C-C双键,但不是芳族系统。在如上文中所定义的环烷基中,若形式上移除相邻环碳原子上的两个氢原子且使游离价饱和以形成第二键,则获得相应环烯基。
若环烯基经取代,则取代在各情况下可以单取代或多取代形式,彼此独立地在所有携氢碳原子上进行。环烯基本身可作为取代基经由环系统的各适合位置键联至分子。
环烯基的实例为环丙-1-烯基、环丙-2-烯基、环丁-1-烯基、环丁-2-烯基、环戊-1-烯基、环戊-2-烯基、环戊-3-烯基、环己-1-烯基、环己-2-烯基、环己-3- 烯基、环庚-1-烯基、环庚-2-烯基、环庚-3-烯基、环庚-4-烯基、环丁-1,3-二烯基、环戊-1,4-二烯基、环戊-1,3-二烯基、环戊-2,4-二烯基、环己-1,3-二烯基、环己-1,5-二烯基、环己-2,4-二烯基、环己-1,4-二烯基、环己-2,5-二烯基、双环 [2.2.1]庚-2,5-二烯基(降冰片-2,5-二烯基)、双环[2.2.1]庚-2-烯基(降蒈烯基)、螺 [4,5]癸-2-烯基等。
当环烯基为另一(组合)基团的一部分(如例如在Cx-y环烯基氨基、Cx-y环烯基氧基或Cx-y环烯基烷基中)时,以上关于环烯基的定义亦适用。
若环烯基的游离价数饱和,则获得不饱和脂环基。
因此,术语亚环烯基可衍生自先前定义的环烯基。不同于环烯基,亚环烯基为二价且需要两个键结搭配物。形式上,通过自环烯基移除氢原子获得第二价。相应基团为例如:
若亚环烯基为另一(组合)基团的一部分(如例如在HO-Cx-y亚环烯基氨基或H2N-Cx-y亚环烯基氧基中),则以上关于亚环烯基的定义亦适用。
芳基表示具有至少一个芳族碳环的单环、双环或三环碳环。优选地,其表示具有六个碳原子的单环基团(苯基)或具有九或十个碳原子的双环基团(两个六元环或一个六元环与一个五元环),其中第二环亦可为芳族或然而亦可为部分饱和的。
若芳基经取代,则取代在各情况下可以单取代或多取代形式,彼此独立地在所有携氢碳原子上进行。芳基本身可作为取代基经由环系统的各适合位置键联至分子。
芳基的实例为苯基、萘基、茚满基(2,3-二氢茚基)、茚基、蒽基、菲基、四氢萘基(1,2,3,4-四氢萘基、萘满基)、二氢萘基(1,2-二氢萘基)、芴基等。
若芳基为另一(组合)基团的一部分(如例如在芳基氨基、芳基氧基或芳基烷基中),则芳基的以上定义亦适用。
若芳基的游离价数饱和,则获得芳族基。
术语亚芳基亦可衍生自先前定义的芳基。不同于芳基,亚芳基为二价且需要两个键结搭配物。形式上,通过自芳基移除氢原子形成第二价。相应基团为例如:
若亚芳基为另一(组合)基团的一部分(如例如在HO-亚芳基氨基或H2N- 亚芳基氧基中),则以上关于亚芳基的定义亦适用。
杂环基表示环系统,其通过基团-O-、-S-或-NH-彼此独立地置换烃环中的一或多个基团-CH2-,或通过基团=N-置换一或多个基团=CH-而衍生自先前定义的环烷基、环烯基及芳基,其中总共可存在不超过五个杂原子,至少一个碳原子必须存在于两个氧原子之间及两个硫原子之间或一个氧原子与一个硫原子之间,且作为整体的环必须具有化学稳定性。杂原子可任选存在于所有可能的氧化阶段(硫→亚砜-SO-、砜-SO2-;氮→N-氧化物)中。在杂环基中,不存在杂芳环,亦即无杂原子作为芳族系统的一部分。
自环烷基、环烯基及芳基衍生的直接结果为杂环基由子群单环杂环、双环杂环、三环杂环及螺杂环组成,其可以饱和或不饱和形式存在。
不饱和是指所述环系统中存在至少一个双键,但不形成杂芳族系统。在双环杂环中,两个环键联在一起以使得其共同具有至少两个(杂)原子。在螺杂环中,一个碳原子(螺原子)同时属于两个环。
若杂环基经取代,则取代在各情况下可以单取代或多取代形式,彼此独立地在携氢碳原子及/或氮原子上进行。杂环基本身可作为取代基经由环系统的各适合位置键联至分子。
杂环基的实例为四氢呋喃基、吡咯烷基、吡咯啉基、咪唑烷基、噻唑烷基、咪唑啉基、吡唑烷基、吡唑啉基、哌啶基、哌嗪基、环氧乙烷基、氮丙啶基、氮杂环丁烷基、1,4-二氧杂环己烷基、氮杂环庚烷基、二氮杂环庚烷基、吗啉基、硫代吗啉基、高吗啉基、高哌啶基、高哌嗪基、高硫代吗啉基、硫代吗啉基-S-氧化物、硫代吗啉基-S,S-二氧化物、1,3-二氧戊环基、四氢哌喃基、四氢硫代哌喃基、[1,4]-氧氮杂环庚烷基、四氢噻吩基、高硫代吗啉基-S,S-二氧化物、噁唑烷酮基、二氢吡唑基、二氢吡咯基、二氢吡嗪基、二氢吡啶基、二氢-嘧啶基、二氢呋喃基、二氢哌喃基、四氢噻吩基-S-氧化物、四氢噻吩基 -S,S-二氧化物、高硫代吗啉基-S-氧化物、2,3-dihydroazet、2H-吡咯基、4H- 哌喃基、1,4-二氢吡啶基、8-氮杂-双环[3.2.1]辛基、8-氮杂-双环[5.1.0]辛基、 2-氧杂-5-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚基、8-氧杂-3-氮杂-双环[3.2.1]辛基、3,8-二氮杂- 双环[3.2.1]辛基、2,5-二氮杂-双环[2.2.1]庚基、1-氮杂-双环[2.2.2]辛基、3,8- 二氮杂-双环[3.2.1]辛基、3,9-二氮杂-双环[4.2.1]壬基、2,6-二氮杂-双环[3.2.2] 壬基、1,4-二氧杂-螺[4.5]癸基、1-氧杂-3,8-二氮杂-螺[4.5]癸基、2,6-二氮杂- 螺[3.3]庚基、2,7-二氮杂-螺[4.4]壬基、2,6-二氮杂-螺[3.4]辛基、3,9-二氮杂- 螺[5.5]十一烷基、2.8-二氮杂-螺[4,5]癸基等。
其他实例为下文说明的结构,其可经由各携氢原子(与氢交换)连接:
优选地,杂环基为4至8元单环且具有一个或两个独立地选自氧、氮及硫的杂原子
优选杂环基为:哌嗪基、哌啶基、吗啉基、吡咯烷基、氮杂环丁烷基、四氢哌喃基、四氢呋喃基。
若杂环基为另一(组合)基团的一部分(如例如在杂环基氨基、杂环基氧基或杂环基烷基中),则杂环基的以上定义亦适用。
若杂环基的游离价数饱和,则获得杂环基团。
术语亚杂环基亦衍生自先前定义的杂环基。不同于杂环基,亚杂环基为二价且需要两个键结搭配物。形式上,通过自杂环基移除氢原子获得第二价。相应基团为例如:
若亚杂环基为另一(组合)基团的一部分(如例如在HO-亚杂环基氨基或 H2N-亚杂环基氧基中),则亚杂环基的以上定义亦适用。
杂芳基表示单环杂芳族环或具有至少一个杂芳族环的多环,其与相应芳基或环烷基(环烯基)相比含有替代一或多个碳原子的一或多个彼此独立选自氮、硫及氧的相同或不同杂原子,其中所得基团必须具有化学稳定性。杂芳基存在之前提条件为杂原子及杂芳族系统。
若杂芳基经取代,则取代在各情况下可以单取代或多取代形式,彼此独立地在所有携氢碳原子及/或氮原子上进行。杂芳基本身可作为取代基经由环系统的各适合位置(碳及氮)键联至分子。
杂芳基的实例为呋喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、噁唑基、噻唑基、异噁唑基、异噻唑基、吡唑基、咪唑基、三唑基、四唑基、噁二唑基、噻二唑基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基、三嗪基、吡啶基-N-氧化物、吡咯基-N-氧化物、嘧啶基-N-氧化物、哒嗪基-N-氧化物、吡嗪基-N-氧化物、咪唑基-N-氧化物、异噁唑基-N-氧化物、噁唑基-N-氧化物、噻唑基-N-氧化物、噁二唑基-N-氧化物、噻二唑基-N-氧化物、三唑基-N-氧化物、四唑基-N-氧化物、吲哚基、异吲哚基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噁唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并异噁唑基、苯并异噻唑基、苯并咪唑基、吲唑基、异喹啉基、喹啉基、喹喔啉基、噌啉基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基、苯并三嗪基、吲哚嗪基、噁唑并吡啶基、咪唑并吡啶基、啶基、苯并噁唑基、吡啶并吡啶基、嘧啶并吡啶基、嘌呤基、喋啶基、苯并噻唑基、咪唑并吡啶基、咪唑并噻唑基、喹啉基-N-氧化物、吲哚基-N-氧化物、异喹啉基-N-氧化物、喹唑啉基-N-氧化物、喹喔啉基-N-氧化物、酞嗪基-N-氧化物、吲哚嗪基-N-氧化物、吲唑基-N-氧化物、苯并噻唑基 -N-氧化物、苯并咪唑基-N-氧化物等。
其他实例为下文说明的结构,其可经由各携氢原子(与氢交换)连接:
优选地,杂芳基为5-6元单环或9-10元双环,各具有1至4个独立地选自氧、氮及硫的杂原子。
若杂芳基为另一(组合)基团的一部分(如例如在杂芳基氨基、杂芳基氧基或杂芳基烷基中),则杂芳基的以上定义亦适用。
若杂芳基的游离价数饱和,则获得杂芳族基团。
术语亚杂芳基亦衍生自先前定义的杂芳基。不同于杂芳基,亚杂芳基为二价且需要两个键结搭配物。形式上,通过自杂芳基移除氢原子获得第二价。相应基团为例如:
若亚杂芳基为另一(组合)基团的一部分(如例如在HO-亚杂芳基氨基或 H2N-亚杂芳基氧基中),则亚杂芳基的以上定义亦适用。
经取代是指直接键结至所考虑原子的氢原子经另一原子或另一原子团 (取代基)置换。视起始条件(氢原子数目)而定,单取代或多取代可在一个原子上进行。特定取代基取代仅在取代基的许可价与待取代的原子的许可价彼此对应且取代产生稳定化合物(亦即化合物不能自发地转化,例如重排、环化或消去)的情况下可行。
诸如=S、=NR、=NOR、=NNRR、=NN(R)C(O)NRR、=N2或其类似物的二价取代基可仅为碳原子上的取代基,其中二价取代基=O亦可为硫上的取代基。一般而言,可仅在环系统上经二价取代基取代且取代需要置换两个偕位氢原子(亦即键结至取代前饱和的同一碳原子的氢原子)。通过二价取代基的取代因此仅在环系统的基团-CH2-或硫原子上(仅=O)为可能的。
立体化学/溶剂合物/水合物:除非特定指示,否则在整篇说明书及随附权利要求书中,给定化学式或名称将涵盖互变异构体及所有立体、光学及几何异构体(例如对映异构体、非对映异构体、E/Z异构体等)及其外消旋体,以及不同比例的各别对映异构体的混合物、非对映异构体的混合物、或此类异构体及对映异构体存在的任何上述形式的混合物、以及其盐(包括其药学上可接受的盐)及其溶剂合物(诸如水合物),包括游离化合物的溶剂合物或化合物的盐的溶剂合物。
盐:词组“药学上可接受”在本文中用于指在合理医学判断的范畴内适用于与人类及动物的组织接触而无过度毒性、刺激、过敏反应或其他问题或并发症,且与合理益处/风险比相匹配的所述化合物、材料、组合物及/或剂型。
如本文所用,“药学上可接受的盐”系指所公开化合物的衍生物,其中母体化合物通过制造其酸式或碱式盐而改质。药学上可接受的盐的实施例包括 (但不限于)碱性残基(诸如胺)的无机酸盐或有机酸盐;酸性残基(诸如羧酸)的碱金属盐或有机盐;及其类似物。
举例来说,此类盐包括来自氨、L-精氨酸、甜菜碱、苯明(benethamine)、苄星青霉素(benzathine)、氢氧化钙、胆碱、丹醇(deanol)、二乙醇胺(2,2'-亚胺双(乙醇))、二乙胺、2-(二乙基氨基)-乙醇、2-(二甲基氨基)-乙醇、2-氨基乙醇、乙二胺、N-乙基-葡糖胺、海卓胺(hydrabamine)、1H-咪唑、离氨酸(L-离氨酸)、脯氨酸(L-脯氨酸)、氢氧化镁、4-(2-羟乙基)-吗啉、吗啉、哌嗪、氢氧化钾、 1-(2-羟乙基)-吡咯烷、1-(2-羟乙基)-吡咯烷酮、氢氧化钠、三乙醇胺(2,2',2”- 氮基叁(乙醇)、氨丁三醇、氢氧化锌、乙酸、2,2-二氯乙酸、己二酸、褐藻酸、抗坏血酸(L)、L-天冬氨酸、苯磺酸、苯甲酸、2,5-二羟基苯甲酸、4-乙酰氨基苯甲酸、(+)-樟脑酸、(+)-樟脑-10-磺酸、碳酸、肉桂酸、柠檬酸、环己胺磺酸、癸酸、十二烷基硫酸、乙-1,2-二磺酸、乙磺酸、2-羟基乙磺酸、乙二胺四乙酸、甲酸、富马酸、半乳糖二酸、龙胆酸、D-葡糖庚酸、D-葡萄糖酸、 D-葡糖醛酸、谷氨酸、戊二酸、2-氧代戊二酸、甘油磷酸、甘氨酸、乙醇酸、己酸、马尿酸、氢溴酸、盐酸、异丁酸、DL-乳酸、乳糖酸、月桂酸、马来酸、 (-)-L-苹果酸、丙二酸、DL-杏仁酸、甲磺酸、萘-1,5-二磺酸、萘-2-磺酸、1- 羟基-2-萘甲酸、烟碱酸、硝酸、辛酸、油酸、乳清酸、乙二酸、棕榈酸、双羟萘酸(恩波酸(embonic acid))、磷酸、丙酸、(-)-L-焦谷氨酸、柳酸、4-氨基- 柳酸、癸二酸、硬脂酸、琥珀酸、硫酸、丹宁酸、(+)-L-酒石酸、硫氰酸、对甲苯磺酸及十一碳烯酸的盐。
盐包括乙酸盐、抗坏血酸盐、苯磺酸盐、苯甲酸盐、苯磺酸盐、碳酸氢盐、酒石酸氢盐、溴化物/氢溴酸盐、乙二胺四乙酸钙盐/乙二胺四乙酸盐、右旋樟脑磺酸盐、碳酸盐、樟脑磺酸盐、氯化物/盐酸盐、氯茶酸盐、柠檬酸盐、乙二磺酸盐、乙二磺酸盐、丙酸酯十二烷基硫酸盐乙磺酸盐、富马酸盐、葡庚糖酸盐、葡糖酸盐、葡糖醛酸盐、谷氨酸盐、乙醇酸盐、乙内酰胺苯胂酸盐、己基间苯二酚盐、马尿酸盐、海卓胺、羟基马来酸盐、羟基萘甲酸盐、碘化物、羟乙基磺酸盐、异硫代硫酸盐、乳酸盐、乳糖酸盐、月桂基硫酸盐、苹果酸盐、马来酸盐、杏仁酸盐、甲烷磺酸盐、甲磺酸盐、甲基溴化物、甲基硝酸盐、甲基硫酸盐、半乳糖二酸盐、萘甲酸盐、萘磺酸盐、硝酸盐、十八烷酸盐、油酸盐、乙二酸盐、双羟萘酸盐、泛酸盐、苯乙酸盐、磷酸盐/二磷酸盐、聚半乳糖醛酸盐、丙酸盐、柳酸盐、硬脂酸盐次乙酸盐、琥珀酸盐、磺酰胺、硫酸盐、磺基柳酸盐、丹宁酸盐、酒石酸盐、氯茶碱盐、甲苯磺酸盐、三乙基碘、三氟乙酸盐、铵、苄星青霉素、氯普鲁卡因(chloroprocaine)、胆碱、二乙醇胺、乙二胺、葡甲胺及普鲁卡因(procaine)。
其他药学上可接受的盐可用来自如铝、钙、锂、镁、钾、钠、锌及其类似物的金属的阳离子形成(亦参见Pharmaceutical salts,Berge,S.M.等人,J. Pharm.Sci.,(1977),66,1-19)。
本发明的药学上可接受的盐可通过常规化学方法由含有碱性或酸性部分的母体化合物合成。一般而言,此类盐可通过使这些化合物的游离酸或游离碱形式与充足量的适当碱或酸在水或有机稀释剂(如乙醚、乙酸乙酯、乙醇、异丙醇或乙腈或其混合物)中反应来制备。
除上文所提及的所述盐外,例如适用于纯化或分离本发明化合物的其他酸的盐(例如三氟乙酸盐)亦构成本发明的一部分。
本发明亦包括任何本发明化合物的共晶体,亦即由至少两种组分(一种为本发明化合物,另一种为共晶体形成剂)组成的所述结晶形式,形成相比于结晶盐无需质子自一种组分转移至另一种组分的独特结晶结构。可能的共晶体形成剂为如上文关于盐/盐形成剂列出的酸及碱。
在诸如以下的表示形式中,
字母A具有环指代功能以易于例如表明所述环连接于其他环。
对于二价基团,其中至关重要的为确定其所键结的相邻基团及以何种价数键结,为达到阐明的目的,必要时在括号中指出相应键结搭配物,如以下表示形式:
基团或取代基通常选自具有相应基团名称(例如Ra、Rb等)的许多替代性基团/取代基。若在分子的不同部分重复使用此类基团定义本发明化合物,则应指出每次使用将视为完全彼此独立。
出于本发明的目的,治疗有效量是指能够消除疾病症状或预防或缓解所述症状或延长所治疗患者的存活时间的物质的量。
缩写列表
本发明的特征及优势将由以下详述实施例变得显而易见,其通过实施例说明本发明的原理而不限定其范畴:
本发明化合物的制备
概述
除非另外说明,否则使用化学实验室常用的方法在市售装置中进行所有反应。对空气及/或水分敏感的起始物质储存在保护性气体下,且与此相应的反应及操作在保护性气体(氮气或氩气)下进行。
本发明化合物根据CAS规则使用软件Autonom(Beilstein)来命名。若化合物由结构式及其名称表示,在存在冲突情况下,以结构式为准。
微波反应在由Biotage制造的引发器/反应器中或在由CEM制造的 Explorer中或在由Anton Paar制造的Synthos 3000或Monowave 3000中,在密封容器(优选2、5或20mL)中优选在搅拌下进行。
色谱
薄层色谱在由Merck制造的玻璃(具有荧光指示剂F-254)上用现成硅胶60 TLC板进行。
本发明的实施例化合物的制备型高压色谱(RP HPLC)在具有由Waters (名称:SunFireTM Prep C18,OBDTM 10μm,50×150mm或SunFireTM Prep C18 OBDTM 5μm,30×50mm或XBridgeTM Prep C18,OBDTM 10μm,50×150mm或 XBridgeTM Prep C18,OBDTM 5μm,30×150mm或XBridgeTM Prep C18,OBDTM 5μm,30×50mm)及YMC(名称:Actus-Triart Prep C18,5μm,30×50mm)制造的管柱的Agilent或Gilson系统上进行。
使用不同梯度的H2O/乙腈洗脱化合物,而对于Agilent系统,将5%酸性改质剂(20mL HCOOH至1L H2O/乙腈(1/1))添加至水中(酸性条件)。对于 Gilson系统,向水中添加0.1%HCOOH。
对于Agilent系统在碱性条件下的色谱,亦使用H2O/乙腈梯度,而通过添加5%碱性改质剂(50g NH4HCO3+50mL NH3(25%于H2O中)用H2O补足至1L)而使水呈碱性。对于Gilson系统,如下使水呈碱性:5mL NH4HCO3溶液(158g于1L H2O中)及2mL NH3(28%于H2O中)用H2O补充至1L。
本发明的中间体及实施例化合物的超临界流体色谱(SFC)在具有以下管柱的JASCO SFC系统上进行:Chiralcel OJ(250×20mm,5μm)、Chiralpak AD (250×20mm,5μm)、Chiralpak AS(250×20mm,5μm)、Chiralpak IC(250×20 mm,5μm)、Chiralpak IA(250×20mm,5μm)、Chiralcel OJ(250×20mm,5μm)、 Chiralcel OD(250×20mm,5μm)、PhenomenexLux C2(250×20mm,5μm)。
中间体及最终化合物的分析型HPLC(反应控制)使用由Waters(名称: XBridgeTMC18,2.5μm,2.1×20mm或XBridgeTM C18,2.5μm,2.1×30mm或 Aquity UPLC BEH C18,1.7μM,2.1×50mm)及YMC(名称:Triart C18,3.0μm, 2.0×30mm)制造的管柱进行。在各种情况下分析设备亦配备有质谱检测器。
HPLC-质谱法/UV-光谱法
使用HPLC-MS装置(具有质谱检测器的高效液相色谱)产生表征本发明的实施例化合物的保留时间/MS-ESI+。注入峰值处洗脱的化合物指定保留时间tRet.=0.00。
HPLC方法
方法A
HPLC Agilent 1100系列
MS Agilent LC/MSD SL
管柱Waters,XbridgeTM C18,2.5μm,2.1×20mm,部件号186003201
溶剂A:20mM NH4HCO3/NH3pH 9
B:乙腈(HPLC级)
检测MS:阳性及阴性
质量范围:120-900m/z
碎裂电压:120
增益EMV:1
临限值:150
步长:0.2
UV:315nm
带宽:170nm
参考:关
范围:230-400nm
范围步长:1.00nm
峰宽:<0.01min
缝隙:1nm
注射量5μL
流量1.00mL/min
管柱温度60℃
梯度0.00min 10%B
0.00-1.50min 10%→95%B
1.50-2.00min 95%B
2.00-2.10min 95%→10%B
方法B
HPLC Agilent 1200系列
MS Agilent 6130Quadropole LC/MS
管柱Waters,XbridgeTM C18,2.5μm,2.1×30mm
溶剂A:20mM NH4HCO3/含NH3的水;pH 9.3
B:乙腈(HPLC级)
检测MS:
极性:阳性
离子化器:MM-ES+APCI
质量范围:150-750m/z
碎裂电压值:
质量 | 碎裂电压 |
150 | 70 |
750 | 110 |
增益EMV:1.00
临限值:150
步长:0.2
UV:
254nm:参考关闭
214nm:参考关闭
范围:190-400nm
范围步长:2.00nm
临限值:1.00mAU
峰宽:0.0025min(0.05s)
缝隙:4nm
注射量0.5μL
流量1.400mL/min
管柱温度45℃
梯度0.00-1.00min 15%->95%B
1.00-1.30min 95%B
方法C
HPLC Agilent 1200系列
MS Agilent 6130Quadropole LC/MS
管柱YMC,Triart C18,3.0μm,2.0×30mm,12nm
溶剂A:水+0.1%HCOOH
B:乙腈+0.1%HCOOH(HPLC级)
检测MS:
极性:阳性
质量范围:150-750m/z
碎裂电压值:
质量 | 碎裂电压 |
150 | 70 |
750 | 110 |
增益EMV:1.00
临限值:150
步长:0.20
UV:
254nm:参考关闭
214nm:参考关闭
范围:190-400nm
范围步长:4.00nm
临限值:1.00mAU
峰宽:0.005min(0.1s)
缝隙:4nm
注射量0.5μL
流量1.400mL/min
管柱温度45℃
梯度0.00-1.00min 15%→100%B
1.00-1.13min 100%B
方法D
HPLC Agilent 1200系列
MS Agilent 6130Quadropole LC/MS
管柱Waters,XbridgeTM C18,2.5μm,2.1×30mm
溶剂A:20mM NH4HCO3/含NH3的水;pH 9.3
B:乙腈(HPLC级)
检测MS:
极性:阳性+阴极
离子化:MM-ES
质量范围:150-750m/z
碎裂电压值:
质量 | 碎裂电压 |
150 | 70 |
750 | 110 |
增益EMV:1.00
临限值:150
步长:0.2
UV:
254nm:参考关闭
214nm:参考关闭
范围:190-400nm
范围步长:2.00nm
临限值:1.00mAU
峰宽:0.0025min(0.05s)
缝隙:4nm
注射量0.5μL
流量1.400mL/min
管柱温度45℃
梯度0.00-1.00min 15%→95%B
1.00-1.30min 95%B
方法E
HPLC Agilent 1200系列:
MS Agilent 6130Quadropole LC/MS
管柱Waters,XbridgeTM C18,2.5μm,2.1×30mm Column XP;部件号 186006028
溶剂A:20mM NH4HCO3/含NH3的水;pH 9.3
B:乙腈(HPLC级)
检测MS:
极性:阳性+阴极
离子化器:API-ES
质量范围:150-750m/z
碎裂电压值:
质量 | 碎裂电压 |
150 | 70 |
750 | 110 |
增益EMV:1.00
临限值:150
步长:0.2
UV:
254nm:参考关闭
214nm:参考关闭
范围:190-400nm
范围步长:2.00nm
临限值:1.00mAU
峰宽:0.0025min(0.05s)
缝隙:4nm
注射量0.5μL
流量1.400mL/min
管柱温度45℃
梯度0.00-1.00min 15%→95%B
1.00-1.30min 95%B
方法F
HPLC Agilent 1200系列
MS Agilent 6130Quadropole LC/MS
管柱YMC,Triart C18,3.0μm,2.0×30mm,12nm
溶剂A:水+0.1%HCOOH
B:乙腈+0.1%HCOOH(HPLC级)
检测MS:
极性:阳性+阴极
质量范围:150-750m/z
碎裂电压值:
质量 | 碎裂电压 |
150 | 70 |
750 | 110 |
增益EMV:1.00
临限值:150
步长:0.20
UV:
254nm:参考关闭
214nm:参考关闭
范围:190-400nm
范围步长:4.00nm
临限值:1.00mAU
峰宽:0.0063min(0.13s)
缝隙:4nm
注射量0.5μL
流量1.400mL/min
管柱温度45℃
梯度0.00-1.00min 15%→100%B
1.00-1.13min 100%B
方法G
HPLC Agilent 1200系列
MS Agilent 6130Quadropole LC/MS
管柱YMC,Triart C18,3.0μm,2.0×30mm,12nm
溶剂A:水+0.1%HCOOH
B:乙腈+0.1%HCOOH(HPLC级)
检测MS:
极性:阳性+阴极
质量范围:150-750m/z
碎裂电压值:
增益EMV:1.00
临限值:150
步长:0.20
UV:
254nm:参考关闭
230nm:参考关闭
214nm:参考关闭
范围:190-400nm
范围步长:4.00nm
临限值:1.00mAU
峰宽:0.005min(0.1s)
缝隙:4nm
注射量0.5μL
流量1.400mL/min
管柱温度45℃
梯度0.00-1.00min 15%→100%B
1.00-1.13min 100%B
方法H
HPLC Agilent 1200系列
MS Agilent 6130Quadropole LC/MS
管柱YMC,Triart C18,3.0μm,2.0×30mm,12nm
溶剂A:水+0.1%HCOOH
B:乙腈+0.1%HCOOH(HPLC级)
检测MS:
极性:阳性+阴极
质量范围:200-800m/z
碎裂电压:70
增益:1.00
临限值:150
步长:0.20
UV:
254nm:参考关闭
230nm:参考关闭
范围:190-400nm
范围步长:2.00nm
峰宽:>0.01min(0.2s)
缝隙:4nm
注射量1.0μL
流量1.000mL/min
管柱温度45℃
梯度0.00-0.10min 5%B
0.10-1.85min 5%B→95.0%B
1.85-1.90min 95%B
1.95-1.92min 95%B→5.0%B
方法I
HPLC Agilent 1200系列
MS Agilent 6130Quadropole LC/MS
管柱YMC,Triart C18,3.0μm,2.0×30mm,12nm
溶剂A:水+0.1%HCOOH
B:乙腈+0.1%HCOOH(HPLC级)
检测MS:
极性:阳性+阴极
质量范围:200-800m/z
碎裂电压:70
增益:1.00
临限值:150
步长:0.20
UV:
254nm:参考关闭
230nm:参考关闭
范围:190-400nm
范围步长:2.00nm
峰宽:>0.01min(0.2s)
缝隙:4nm
注射量1.0μL
流量1.000mL/min
管柱温度45℃
梯度0.00-0.10min 15%B
0.10-1.55min 15%B→95.0%B
1.55-1.90min 95%B
1.95-1.92min 95%B→15.0%B
方法J
HPLC Agilent 1260系列
MS Agilent 6130Quadropole LC/MS
管柱YMC,Triart C18,3.0μm,2.0×30mm,12nm
溶剂A:水+0.1%HCOOH
B:乙腈(HPLC级)
检测MS:
极性:阳性+阴极
质量范围:100-800m/z
碎裂电压:70
增益:1.00
临限值:100
步长:0.15
UV:
254nm:参考关闭
230nm:参考关闭
范围:190-400nm
范围步长:4.00nm
峰宽:>0.013min(0.25s)
缝隙:4nm
注射量0.5μL
流量1.400mL/min
管柱温度45℃
梯度0.00-1.00min 5%→100%B
1.00-1.37min 100%B
1.37-1.40min 100%→5%B
方法K
HPLC Agilent 1260系列
MS Agilent 6130Quadropole LC/MS
管柱Waters,XbridgeTM C18,2.5μm,2.1×30mm
溶剂A:5mM NH4HCO3/含19mM NH3的水
B:乙腈(HPLC级)
检测MS:
极性:阳性+阴极
质量范围:100-800m/z
碎裂电压:70
增益:1.00
临限值:100
步长:0.15
UV:
254nm:参考关闭
230nm:参考关闭
范围:190-400nm
范围步长:4.00nm
峰宽:>0.013min(0.25s)
缝隙:4nm
注射量0.5μL
流量1.400mL/min
管柱温度45℃
梯度0.00-0.01min 5%B
0.01-1.00min 5%→100%B
1.00-1.37min 100%B
1.37-1.40min 100%→5%B
方法L
HPLC/MS Waters UPLC-micromass Triple quad
管柱Aquity UPLC BEH C18,1.7μM,2.1×50mm
溶剂A:水+0.1%HCOOH
B:乙腈(HPLC级)+0.1%HCOOH
检测MS:
ES/APCI阳极及阴极模式
质量范围:100-1000m/z
毛细管电压:3500V
锥电压:30-50V
脱溶剂气体:600L/h
脱溶剂温度:300℃
UV:
带宽:190nm
范围:210-400nm
分辨率:1.20nm
进样率:5
注射量0.5μL
流量0.400mL/min
管柱温度40℃
梯度0.00-1.80min 0%B
1.80-3.80min 0%→75%B
3.80-4.50min 75%→95%B
4.50-6.00min 95%B
6.00-6.01min 95%→0%B
本发明化合物通过下文描述的合成方法制备,其中通式的取代基具有上文给出的含义。这些方法意欲作为本发明的说明,而不会限制其标的物及这些实施例所主张的化合物的范畴。当未描述起始化合物的制备时,其为市售的或可与已知先前技术化合物或本文所述的方法类似地制备。文献中所描述的物质根据公开的合成方法制备。
通用反应流程及合成途径的概述
流程1
结构(I)的新颖化合物可通过流程1中描绘的合成途径,以化合物A-1为起始,经由与氨基酸A-2及硝基乙烯A-3的去羧1,3偶极环加成(方法A)建立可能连同A-4的其他区位及/或非对映异构体一起的外消旋混合物形式的螺系统A-4来逐步制备。A-4的对映异构体可在此阶段通过手性SFC分离,或者外消旋混合物可在合成的任何稍后阶段分离。已知用于对映异构体分离的全部其他方式亦可在此或在本文所述的任何稍后合成步骤后应用,例如结晶、手性拆分、手性HPLC等(亦参见Enantiomers,racemates,and resolutions,JeanJacques,AndréCollet,Samuel H Wilen John Wiley and Sons,NY,1981)。
A-4可与醛或酮在还原胺化反应中反应,得到A-5(方法B)。或者,可用 A-4进行烷基化或加成反应以获得中间体A-5。
中间体A-5中的硝基可通过在阮尼镍(RANEY nickel)催化下氢化或任何适合的替代还原方法(如例如铟金属及盐酸)还原成伯胺,以获得结构A-6的中间体。或者,中间体A-6(其中R1=H)可通过(方法C)在阮尼镍催化下氢化或任何适合的替代还原方法(如例如铟金属及盐酸)而由A-4直接获得。
中间体A-6与(杂)芳族硝基醛A-7在还原胺化反应中反应,产生中间体 A-8(方法E)。对于中间体A-6(其中R1=H),可使用方法F通过在一锅中之一连串两个还原胺化反应在伯氨及仲氨基官能基上选择性引入两个不同残基,以获得中间体A-8。中间体A-8用碱处理以进行戴维斯-贝鲁特反应 (DAVIS-BEIRUT reaction),产生化合物(I)
由A-8在分子内环化后获得的化合物(I)可在流程中未明确描绘的任选存在的衍生步骤中在全部残基(尤其R4)中衍生,若所述残基携载可经进一步修饰的官能基(诸如卤素原子、氨基及羟基(包括环胺)、羧酸或酯官能基、腈等),则通过沿用已久的有机化学转化(诸如金属催化的交叉偶合反应、酰化、酰胺化、加成、还原或(还原)烷基化或裂解保护基团)而衍生成其他化合物(I)。这些额外步骤未描绘在通用流程中。同样,亦可在通用流程中描绘的合成途径中包括这些额外步骤,亦即与中间化合物进行衍生反应。另外,亦可使用携载保护基团的建构嵌段,亦即需要用于脱除保护基的其他步骤。化合物(I)已测试以其外消旋形式或者以对映纯形式影响MDM2-p53相互作用的活性。外消旋混合物的两种对映异构体中的每一者可具有针对MDM2的活性,但使用不同结合模式。对映纯化合物用标注“手性”标记。下文任何表中列出的标注“手性”的化合物(本发明的中间体以及化合物(I))可通过手性SFC色谱与其对映异构体分离或由通过手性SFC分离的对映纯起始物质合成。
实施例:
结构A定义具有结构B及C的化合物的外消旋混合物,亦即结构A涵盖两种结构(化合物B及C),而结构B及C分别为对映纯的且仅定义一种特定化合物。因此,式(I)及(Ia)中,
除非一或多个取代基中存在额外立体中心,否则基团R1至R7、A、V、 W、X、Y、n、r及q的一组特定定义表示两种对映异构体的外消旋混合物(→(I);以上结构A为此类外消旋混合物的一个特定实施例)或单一对映异构体(→(Ia);以上结构B为一个特定对映异构体)。相同定义适用于合成中间体。
特别是,本发明化合物(I)(优选携载酸性基团的所述化合物)的手性拆分可例如通过用例如(R)-或(S)-1-氨基四氢萘((R)-或(S)-1,2,3,4-四氢萘基-1-胺)的手性碱在例如乙酸异丙酯(i-PrOAc)的适当溶剂中结晶来实现,亦即手性化合物(Ia)可用(S)-1-氨基四氢萘自外消旋(I)的溶液或悬浮液中沉淀,以形成可分离的四氢萘基-S盐。所获得的盐可通过在例如正丙醇(nPrOH)、二烷、THF、 EtOH的适当溶剂中再浆化而进一步纯化。
因此,本发明的一个方面为一种用于手性分离本发明化合物(I)的方法,其包括使一种对映异构体与手性碱形成的盐自化合物(I)于适当溶剂(优选乙酸异丙酯)中的溶液或悬浮液中沉淀,该手性碱优选选自(R)-及(S)-1,2,3,4-四氢萘基-1-胺。盐选择性沉淀,亦即一种对映异构体以手性碱的盐形式沉淀,而另一种对映异构体在所施加的条件下保持/实质上溶解。优选地,最初获得的盐通过在例如正丙醇(nPrOH)、二烷、THF、EtOH的适当溶剂中再浆化而进一步纯化。游离对映异构体可通过离子交换,例如通过酸性萃取而自盐回收。若无法实现完全分离,则上文所述的方法亦可应用于使一种对映异构体相对于另一种富集,或所述步骤可重复数次以实现完全分离。分离是指个别对映异构体/盐以实质上不含另一种对映异构体的形式获得。优选地,手性碱以相对于外消旋体的低于化学计量的量使用,亦即优选在0.5-0.7当量范围内 (约0.6当量为最佳)。在分离前溶液/悬浮液中外消旋体的总浓度/量优选在 50-150g/L范围内,约100g/L为最佳。
中间体A-1的合成
A-1a合成的实验操作
将3,3-二溴-6-氯-1,3-二氢-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-2-酮(7.6g,23.3mmol)悬浮于乙腈(500mL)及水(25mL)中。添加AgNO3(8.9g,52.7mmol)且在室温下搅拌反应混合物1小时。在减压下移除乙腈且添加EtOAc。分离各相且用MgSO4干燥有机层。移除溶剂,得到纯6-氯-1H-吡咯并[2,3-b]吡啶-2,3-二酮A-1a。
中间体A-3的合成
非市售硝基乙烯A-3可由醛/酮B-1经由与硝基甲烷的硝基醇醛反应及随后硝基醇醛产物B-2的脱水而获得。
B-2a合成的实验操作
在Ar氛围下在-20℃下,向2-溴-3-氟-吡啶-4-甲醛(5.0g,24.5mmol)于硝基甲烷(45mL,1.01mol)中的溶液中添加含N,N,N',N'-四甲基胍(3.1mL,24.5 mmol)的硝基甲烷(5mL,0.11mol)。反应混合物在-20℃下搅拌30分钟。将盐水添加至混合物中,产物经由用EtOAc萃取而分离且未经纯化即用于下一步骤。
以下硝基醛醇B-2(表1)可以类似的方式以不同醛为起始物质而获得。
表1
替代方案1:A-3a合成的实验操作
向1-(2-溴-3-氟-吡啶-4-基)-2-硝基-乙醇B-2a(4.82g,18.2mmol)于DMSO(30mL)中的溶液中添加乙酸酸酐(3.43mL,36.4mmol)且反应混合物在50℃下在Ar氛围下搅拌隔夜。过滤反应混合物且经由制备型RP-HPLC纯化,产生2-溴-3-氟-4-((E)-2-硝基-乙烯基)-吡啶A-3a。
以下中间体A-3(表2)可以类似的方式以不同硝基醛醇B-2a为起始物质而获得。
表2
替代方案2:A-3c合成的实验操作
将1-(2-氯-3-氟-吡啶-4-基)-2-硝基-乙醇B-2c(200g,0.91mol)于DCM(1.8 L)中的溶液冷却至0℃且添加甲磺酰氯(124g,1.09mol)于DCM(200mL)中的溶液。在0℃下搅拌混合物15分钟,随后添加NEt3(201g,2.0mol)。再在 0℃下搅拌反应混合物45分钟。向反应混合物中添加饱和碳酸氢钠溶液且用 DCM萃取混合物。干燥合并的有机层且在真空下移除溶剂。产物经由管柱色谱纯化,产生2-氯-3-氟-4-((E)-2-硝基-乙烯基)-吡啶A-3c。
以下中间体A-3(表3)可以类似的方式以不同硝基醇醛B-2为起始物质而获得。
表3
替代方案3:A-3d合成的实验操作
将3,5-二氯-2-氟-苯甲醛(500mg,0.003mol)溶解于乙酸(10mL)中,接着添加乙酸铵(598mg,0.008mol)及硝基甲烷(0.382mL,0.008mol),且将所得反应混合物加热至110℃并搅拌6小时。将反应混合物冷却至室温且用水淬灭。过滤沉淀固体且干燥。经由管柱色谱纯化所获得的粗化合物,得到化合物A-3d。
以下中间体A-3(表4)可以类似的方式以不同醛B-1为起始物质而获得。
表4
中间体A-4的合成(方法A)
A-4a合成的实验操作
使6-氯靛红A-1b(1.00g,5.4mmol)、1-氯-2-氟-3-[(E)-2-硝基-乙烯基]苯](1.1g,5.4mmol)A-3g及L-丝氨酸A-2a(0.57g,5.4mmol)在MeOH中回流 16小时。真空浓缩反应混合物且必要时通过色谱或结晶纯化。
以下中间体A-4(表5)可以类似的方式以不同成环1H-吡咯-2,3-二酮A-1、氨基酸A-2及硝基乙烯A-3为起始物质而获得。
表5
或者,中间体A-4(例如A-4a)亦可通过对上文所述及描绘的操作进行一些修改来获得:
在此替代方案中,靛红衍生物A-1(例如A-1b)与氨基醇A-2*(例如2-氨基乙醇)在例如MeOH、ACN、DCM、THF或其混合物(ACN为优选)的适当溶剂中反应以形成亚胺中间体A-9(例如A-9a)。优选地,亚胺形成在例如 AcOH或pTsOH(pTsOH为最佳)的酸存在下进行。A-9(A-9a)可任选分离且纯化或在环加成中,优选在添加碱(最佳为N-甲基吡咯烷)的情况下直接与硝基烯烃A-3(例如A-3g)反应,产生中间体A-4(例如A-4a)。环加成步骤的可能溶剂为MeTHF、水、MeOH、二烷、THF、DME及其混合物。尤其优选为具有水的混合物,最佳为MeTHF/水。
因此,本发明的另一个方面为一种用于合成中间体A-4(优选A-4a)的方法,其包括使化合物A-1(优选A-1b)与氨基醇A-2*(优选2-氨基乙醇)在优选选自MeOH、ACN、DCM、THF或其混合物的适当溶剂反应,以获得相应亚胺中间体A-9(优选A-9a)。在另一个方面中,该方法另外包含使亚胺中间体 A-9(优选A-9a)与硝基烯烃A-3(优选A-3g)优选在添加碱(最佳为N-甲基吡咯烷)的情况下反应。
中间体A-5的合成(方法B)
A-5a合成的实验操作
向中间体A-4a(1.27g,2.97mmol)于DMF(1.3mL)中的溶液中添加环丙烷甲醛(0.43g,5.94mmol)及AcOH(0.34mL,5.94mmol)且搅拌反应混合物 15分钟。缓慢添加三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠(1.89g,8.90mmol)且搅拌混合物隔夜。将水添加至反应混合物且将其用DCM萃取。在减压下移除溶剂且将残余物溶解于乙醚中并用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤。干燥(MgSO4)合并的有机层,过滤,真空浓缩且必要时通过色谱纯化粗产物A-5a。
以下中间体A-5(表6)可以类似的方式以不同中间体A-4为起始物质而获得。
表6
中间体A-6的合成(方法C)
A-6a合成的实验操作
将中间体A-4a(0.2g,0.47mmol)溶解于MeOH(4mL)及DCM(1mL)中且用催化量的阮尼镍处理。反应容器用氢气加压(6巴)且搅拌反应混合物16 小时。通过过滤移除固体且在减压下移除滤液的溶剂。将残余物再溶解于 EtOAc及水中且用稀HCl水溶液处理。用EtOAc萃取水层,用硫酸钠干燥合并的有机层且蒸发溶剂,产生A-6a,其必要时通过色谱纯化。
以下中间体A-6(表7)可以类似的方式以不同中间体A-4为起始物质而获得。
表7
中间体A-6的合成(方法D)
A-6c合成的实验操作
将中间体A-5a(1.4g,2.91mmol)溶解于MeOH(25mL)及DCM(16mL) 中且用催化量的阮尼镍处理。反应容器用氢气加压(6巴)且搅拌反应混合物16 小时。通过过滤移除固体且在减压下移除滤液的溶剂。将残余物再溶解于 EtOAc及水中且用稀HCl水溶液处理。用EtOAc萃取水层,用硫酸钠干燥合并的有机层且蒸发溶剂,产生A-6c,其必要时通过色谱纯化。
以下中间体A-6(表8)可以类似的方式以不同中间体A-5为起始物质而获得。
表8
中间体A-7的合成
非市售的(杂)芳族硝基醛A-7可由甲基前驱物B-3通过用DMF二甲基缩醛形成烯胺(→B-4)且用NaIO4裂解或通过用NBS/AIBN溴化(→B-5)及用 NMO氧化而获得。最初获得的中间体A-7可经修饰以获得其他中间体A-7(例如通过羧化)。
B-4a合成的实验操作
在微波照射下,将1-溴-2,5-二甲基-4-硝基苯B-3a(200.0mg,0.869mmol) 及N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲基缩醛(124.3mg,1.043mmol)于DMF(1.0mL)中的溶液加热至90℃持续30分钟。再添加N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲基缩醛(207.1mg, 1.738mmol)且在微波照射下,将所得溶液加热至90℃持续30分钟。再次添加N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲基缩醛(207.1mg,1.738mmol)且在微波照射下加热至90℃持续30分钟。接着,在减压下移除溶剂,得到粗中间体B-4a,其未经进一步纯化即用于下一步骤中。
B-4c合成的实验操作
在室温下,向4-甲基-3-硝基-苯甲酸甲酯B-3f(10g,50.7mmol)于DMF 中的溶液中添加二甲氧基甲基-二甲基-胺(8.2mL,119.2mmol)且使反应混合物回流6小时。将混合物冷却至室温且缓慢添加水(200mL)。过滤所得沉淀,用水洗涤且在减压下干燥,得到中间体B-4c。
以下中间体B-4(表9)可以类似的方式以不同化合物B-3为起始物质而获得。
表9
A-7a合成的实验操作
粗中间体B-4a(232.0mg,0.813mmol)于THF(2mL)及水(2mL)中的溶液用偏过碘酸钠(469.9mg,2.197mmol)处理且在室温下搅拌1小时。反应物用碳酸氢钠水溶液淬灭且用EtOAc萃取。在减压下移除溶剂,得到粗中间体 A-7a,其未经进一步纯化即使用。
A-7f合成的实验操作
向中间体B-4c(10g,40.0mmol)于THF及水的混合物中的溶液中添加 NaIO4(25.6g,119.9mmol)且在室温下搅拌混合物16小时。过滤所得沉淀且用EtOAc洗涤。合并液体且添加水及EtOAc。分离各相且用EtOAc萃取水相。合并的有机层用饱和NaHCO3溶液洗涤且干燥(MgSO4),过滤,真空浓缩且必要时通过色谱或再结晶纯化粗产物A-7f。以下中间体A-7(表10)可以类似的方式以不同化合物B-4为起始物质而获得。
表10
B-5a合成的实验操作
向甲基-2-甲氧基-4-甲基-5-硝基苯甲酸酯B-3b(250mg,1.088mmol)于四氯化碳(10mL)中的溶液中添加N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺(251.0mg,1.410mmol)及 2,2'-偶氮双(2-甲基丙腈)(2.0mg,0.012mmol)。将所得混合物加热至回流持续3天且随后冷却至室温。反应物用水淬灭且用DCM萃取水层。干燥(MgSO4) 合并的有机层,过滤,真空浓缩且必要时通过色谱纯化粗产物B-5a。
表11
A-7c合成的实验操作
向中间体B-5a(50.0mg,0.164mmol)于乙腈(2mL)中的溶液中添加分子筛及N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物(40.0mg,0.341mmol)。在室温下搅拌所得混合物1小时。添加水,通过过滤移除分子筛且用DCM萃取滤液。干燥(MgSO4) 合并的有机层,过滤,真空浓缩且必要时通过色谱纯化粗产物A-7c。
表12
A-7e合成的实验操作
5-溴-4-氟-2-硝基苯甲醛A-7d(15.0mg,0.605mmol)于MeOH(40mL)中的溶液用1,1'-双(二苯基磷烷基)二茂铁(36mg,0.065mmol)、二乙酸钯(14.0mg, 0.062mmol)及三乙胺(210μL,1.496mmol)处理。反应容器用一氧化碳加压(7 巴),将反应混合物加热至80℃且搅拌16小时。所得溶液经过滤且在减压下移除滤液的溶剂,得到粗中间体A-7e,其未经进一步纯化即用于下一步骤。
表13
中间体B-3c至B-3e的合成
中间体B-3c合成的实验操作
向1-氯-2-甲氧基-5-甲基-4-硝基苯(1.000g,4.960mmol)于二烷(2mL) 及水(2mL)中的溶液中添加二乙酸钯(111mg,0.496mmol)、亚铁氰化钾三水合物(524mg,1.240mmol)、XPhos(473mg,0.992mmol)及碳酸钾(171mg, 1.240mmol)。在微波照射下,将所得混合物加热至140℃持续30分钟。添加水且用EtOAc萃取混合物。干燥(MgSO4)合并的有机层,过滤,真空浓缩且必要时通过色谱纯化粗产物B-3c。
中间体B-3d合成的实验操作
将B-3c(316.0mg,1.644mmol)于AcOH(6mL)、硫酸(6mL)及水(6mL) 中的溶液加热至120℃持续2小时。在冷却至室温后,溶液用水稀释且用 EtOAc萃取。干燥(MgSO4)合并的有机层,过滤,真空浓缩且必要时通过色谱纯化粗产物B-3d。
中间体B-3e合成的实验操作
向粗中间体B-3d(103.0mg,0.488mmol)于MeOH(5mL)中的溶液中添加亚硫酰氯(360μL,4.963mmol)。将反应混合物加热至60℃且在此温度下搅拌16小时。添加水且用DCM萃取溶液。用硫酸钠干燥合并的有机层且在减压下移除溶剂。干燥(MgSO4)合并的有机层,过滤,真空浓缩且必要时通过色谱纯化粗产物B-3e。
表14
中间体A-8的合成(方法E)
A-8a合成的实验操作
将中间体A-6c(2.18g,4.85mmol)溶解于DMF(3mL)中且用4-甲酰基-3- 硝基苯甲酸甲酯A-7f(0.97g,4.65mmol)及AcOH(0.24mL,4.27mmol)处理。在1小时后,将所得混合物冷却至0℃且缓慢添加三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠(2.6g, 11.6mmol)。移除冷却浴且搅拌混合物16小时。用DCM萃取水层且合并有机层。在减压下移除溶剂且将残余物溶解于乙醚中并用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤。用硫酸钠干燥有机层且蒸发溶剂,产生粗物质A-8a,其必要时通过色谱纯化。
以下中间体A-8(表15)可以类似的方式以不同中间体A-6及A-7为起始物质而获得。
表15
中间体A-7的合成(方法F)
中间体A-8cg合成的实验操作
将中间体A-6a(200mg,0.505mmol)溶解于DMF(4mL)中且用4-甲酰基 -3-硝基苯甲酸甲酯A-7a(108mg,0.501mmol)及AcOH(60μL,1.05mmol) 处理。在1小时后,缓慢添加三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠(250mg,1.15mmol)且搅拌混合物隔夜。添加环丁烷甲醛(44.7mg,0.505mmol)且搅拌混合物1小时。缓慢添加三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠(250mg,1.15mmol)且搅拌混合物隔夜。添加水且用DCM萃取混合物并用硫酸钠干燥合并的有机层。在减压下移除溶剂,得到粗中间体A-8cg,其必要时通过色谱纯化。
以下化合物A-8(表16)可以类似的方式以不同中间体A-6、A-7及不同醛为起始物质而获得。
表16
化合物(I)的合成(方法G)
化合物I-1合成的实验操作
将中间体A-8a(2.88g,4.48mmol)溶解于iPrOH(25mL)及水(4mL)中且缓慢添加氢氧化钾(2.35g,41.9mmol)。在室温下搅拌所得混合物16小时。混合物用EtOAc稀释且用稀柠檬酸水溶液处理。在用EtOAc萃取水层后,合并有机层且用硫酸钠干燥。在减压下移除溶剂,得到粗化合物I-1,其通过色谱纯化。
以下化合物(I)(表17)可以类似的方式以不同中间体A-8为起始物质而获得。
表17
通过最初获得的化合物(I)的酰胺化合成其他化合物(I)
化合物I-90合成的实验操作
将化合物I-1(10.0mg,0.017mmol)于DMF(0.5mL)中的溶液冷却至0 ℃且用HATU(7.0mg,0.019mmol)及DIPEA(8μL,0.051mmol)处理。在15 分钟后,添加氨(193μL,7N于MeOH中,1.35mmol)且搅拌所得混合物1 小时。过滤混合物且通过反相色谱纯化滤液,产生化合物I-90。
以下化合物(I)(表18)可以类似的方式以最初获得的化合物(I)及不同胺为起始物质而获得。
表18
通过最初获得的化合物(I)的羧化合成其他化合物(I)
化合物I-94合成的实验操作
将化合物I-18(45.0mg,0.070mmol)溶解于MeOH(40mL)中且用1,1'- 双(二苯基磷烷基)二茂铁(4.0mg,0.007mmol)、二乙酸钯(2.0mg,0.009mmol) 及三乙胺(60μL,0.427mmol)处理。反应容器用一氧化碳加压(7巴),将反应混合物加热至80℃且搅拌16小时。所得溶液经过滤且在减压下移除滤液的溶剂,得到粗物质I-94,其通过色谱纯化。
以下化合物(I)(表19)可以类似的方式以不同化合物(I)为起始物质而获得。表19
通过最初获得的化合物(I)的皂化合成其他化合物(I)
化合物I-105合成的实验操作
将化合物I-94(40.0mg,0.064mmol)溶解于THF(2mL)及水(1mL)中且用氢氧化锂(10mg,0.418mmol)处理。在搅拌16小时后,用稀柠檬酸酸化所得溶液且用DCM萃取水层。用硫酸钠干燥合并的有机层且蒸发溶剂。通过反相管柱色谱纯化得到化合物I-105。
以下化合物(I)(表20)可以类似的方式以最初获得的化合物(I)为起始物质而获得。
表20
以下实施例描述本发明化合物的生物活性,但本发明不限于这些实施例。
式(I)、(Ia)及(Ib)化合物通过其在治疗领域中的许多可能应用表征。应特别提及涉及对于培育的人类肿瘤细胞的增生以及其他细胞(诸如内皮细胞)的增生的抑制效应的所述应用。
Mdm2-p53抑制AlphaScreen
此分析用于测定化合物是否抑制p53-MDM2相互作用且因此恢复p53功能。
将含15μL化合物的20%DMSO(在100%DMSO中获得化合物的连续预先稀释液)用移液管移取至白色OptiPlate-96(PerkinElmer)的孔中。在分析缓冲液(50mM Tris/HCl pH7.2;120mM NaCl;0.1%牛血清白蛋白(BSA);5mM 二硫苏糖醇(DTT);1mM乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA);0.01%Tween 20)中制备由 20nM GST-MDM2蛋白(aa 23-117)及20nM生物素标记的p53野生型肽(涵盖野生型人类p53的aa 16-27,氨基酸序列QETFSDLWKLLP-Ttds-Lys-生物素,分子量2132.56g/mol)组成的混合物。将30μL混合物添加至化合物稀释液中且在室温下培育15分钟,同时在300转/分(rpm)下平缓地震荡培养盘。随后,添加来自PerkinElmer的15μL预混合AlphaLISA谷胱甘肽受体珠粒及 AlphaScreen抗生蛋白链菌素供体珠粒(各以10μg/mL的浓度于分析缓冲液中),且在室温下在暗处培育样品30分钟(震荡300rpm)。然后,使用来自 PerkinElmer的AlphaScreen方案在PerkinElmer Envision HTS多标记读取器中测量信号。
各培养盘含有省略生物素标记的p53肽及GST-MDM2且经分析缓冲液置换的阴性对照。当使用软件GraphPad Prism计算时,阴性对照值作为较低基值键入。此外,用移液管移取阳性对照(5%DMSO代替测试化合物;具有蛋白质/肽混合物)。使用GraphPad Prism 3.03软件(或其更新版)进行IC50值测定。
表21展示使用以上分析测定的实施例化合物的IC50值。
表21
细胞增生分析
例如SJSA-1、SKOV-3、RS4-11及KG-1细胞的Cell Titer Glo分析:
将SJSA-1细胞(骨肉瘤,野生型p53,ATCC CRL-2098TM)在第1天以 2500个细胞/孔的密度一式两份地接种于平底96孔微量滴定培养盘(白色 Packard View培养盘96孔,目录号6005181)的90μL RPMI培养基、10%胎牛血清(FCS,来自例如JRH Biosciences#12103-500M,批次:3N0207)中。任何其他发光兼容的培养盘型式为可能的。
类似地,将p53突变体SKOV-3细胞(卵巢腺癌,ATCC HTB-77TM)以3000 个细胞/孔的密度一式两份地接种于平底96孔微量滴定培养盘的90μL McCoy培养基、10%FCS中。
在第2天,将5μL覆盖约0.6至50000nM浓度范围的测试化合物的稀释液添加至细胞。细胞在潮湿的CO2受控培育箱中在37℃下培育三天。
野生型p53RS4-11细胞(急性淋巴母细胞白血病,ATCC CRL-1873TM):
第1天:将RS4-11细胞以5000个细胞/孔的密度接种于平底96孔微量滴定培养盘(白色Packard View培养盘96孔目录号6005181)的90μL RPMI 培养基、10%胎牛血清(FCS,来自例如JRH Biosciences#12103-500M,批次: 3N0207)中。任何其他发光兼容的培养盘型式为可能的。
第2天:将5μL覆盖约0.3至25000nM浓度范围的测试化合物的稀释液(替代稀释流程为可能的)添加至细胞。细胞在潮湿的CO2受控培育箱中在 37℃下培育三天。最终DMSO浓度为0.5%。
p53突变体KG-1细胞(急性骨髓性白血病,ATCC CCL-246):
第1天:将在外显子6/内含子6剪接供体位点处含有p53突变的KG-1 细胞以10000个细胞/孔的密度接种于平底96孔微量滴定培养盘(白色Packard View培养盘96孔,目录号6005181)的90μL IMDM培养基、10%FCS(JRH Biosciences#12103-500M,批次:3N0207)中。任何其他发光兼容的培养盘型式为可能的。
第2天:将5μL覆盖约0.3至25000nM浓度范围的测试化合物的稀释液(替代稀释流程为可能的)添加至细胞。细胞在潮湿的CO2受控培育箱中在 37℃下培育三天。最终DMSO浓度为0.5%。
在接种后第5天进行全部Cell Titer Glo分析的评估。在第5天,将95μL CellTiter Glo试剂(Cell titer Glo Luminescent,目录号G7571,Promega)添加至各孔且在室温下(在搅拌下)再培育10分钟。使用标准发光读数在Wallac Victor 上测量发光。使用标准Levenburg Marquard算法(GraphPad Prism)计算IC50值。
另外,来自不同组织来源的数个其他癌细胞株对化合物(I)、(Ia)及(Ib)敏感。实施例包括NCI-H460(肺)、Molp-8(骨髓瘤)及MV4-11(AML)。
基于生物特性,本发明的式(I)、(Ia)及(Ib)化合物、其互变异构体、外消旋体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、其混合物及上文提及的所有形式的盐适用于治疗通过过度或异常细胞增生表征的疾病。
此类疾病包括例如:病毒感染(例如HIV及卡波西氏肉瘤(Kaposi's sarcoma));炎症及自体免疫疾病(例如结肠炎、关节炎、阿兹海默氏病 (Alzheimer's disease)、肾小球肾炎及创伤愈合);细菌、真菌及/或寄生虫感染;白血病、淋巴瘤及实体肿瘤(例如癌瘤及肉瘤)、皮肤病(例如牛皮癣);基于由细胞(例如纤维母细胞、肝细胞、骨骼及骨髓细胞、软骨或平滑肌细胞或上皮细胞(例如子宫内膜增生)数目增加表征的增生的疾病;骨骼疾病及心血管疾病 (例如再狭窄及肥大)。其亦适用于保护增殖细胞(例如毛发、肠细胞、血液细胞及祖细胞)免受由辐射、UV治疗及/或细胞抑制治疗所引起的DNA损害。
举例而言,以下癌症/增生性疾病可用本发明化合物治疗,但不限于此:
脑肿瘤,诸如听神经瘤;星形细胞瘤,诸如毛细胞星形细胞瘤、纤维型星形细胞瘤、原浆性星形细胞瘤、大圆形细胞性星形细胞瘤、多形性星形细胞瘤及神经胶母细胞瘤;神经胶质瘤;脑淋巴瘤;脑转移;垂体肿瘤,诸如促乳素瘤、产生HGH(人类生长激素)的肿瘤及产生ACTH的肿瘤(促肾上腺皮质激素);颅咽管瘤;神经管胚细胞瘤;脑膜瘤及少突神经胶质瘤;神经肿瘤(赘瘤),诸如植物神经系统肿瘤,诸如交感神经母细胞瘤、细胞节神经瘤、副神经节瘤(嗜铬细胞瘤)及颈动脉球肿瘤(glomus-caroticum tumour);周边神经系统肿瘤,诸如截断神经瘤、神经纤维瘤、神经鞘瘤及恶性神经鞘瘤,以及中枢神经系统肿瘤,诸如脑及骨髓肿瘤;肠道癌,诸如直肠癌、结肠癌、结肠直肠癌、肛门癌、大肠癌、小肠及十二指肠肿瘤;眼睑肿瘤,诸如基底细胞癌;胰脏癌;膀胱癌及其他尿道上皮癌;肺癌(支气管癌),诸如小细胞支气管癌(燕麦细胞癌)及非小细胞支气管癌(NSCLC),诸如板上皮癌、腺癌及大细胞支气管癌;乳癌,诸如乳腺癌,诸如浸润性导管癌、胶质性癌、小叶侵袭性癌、管状癌、腺囊癌及乳头状癌、激素受体阳性乳癌(雌激素受体阳性乳癌、孕酮受体阳性乳癌)、Her2阳性乳癌、三阴性乳癌;非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤 (non-Hodgkin's lymphomas,NHL),诸如伯基特氏淋巴瘤(Burkitt's lymphoma)、低度恶性非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤(NHL)及蕈样真菌病;子宫癌或子宫内膜癌或子宫体癌;CUP症候群(原发部位不明癌);卵巢癌,诸如黏液性、子宫内膜或浆液性癌;胆囊癌;胆管癌,诸如克拉斯金肿瘤(Klatskin tumour);睾丸癌,诸如精原细胞瘤及非精原细胞瘤;淋巴瘤(淋巴肉瘤),诸如恶性淋巴瘤、霍奇金氏病(Hodgkin's disease)、非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤(NHL),诸如慢性淋巴白血病、白血病性网状内皮细胞增生病、免疫细胞瘤、浆细胞瘤、多发性骨髓瘤(MM)、免疫母细胞瘤、伯基特氏淋巴瘤、T区蕈样真菌病、大细胞多形性淋巴胚细胞瘤及淋巴胚细胞瘤;喉癌,诸如声带肿瘤、声门上、声门及声门下喉部肿瘤;骨癌,诸如骨软骨瘤、软骨瘤、软骨母细胞瘤、软骨黏液样纤维瘤、骨瘤、骨样骨瘤、骨母细胞瘤、嗜伊红血球肉芽肿、巨细胞肿瘤、软骨肉瘤、骨肉瘤、尤文氏肉瘤(Ewing's sarcoma)、网状细胞肉瘤、软组织肉瘤、脂肪肉瘤、浆细胞瘤、纤维性结构不良、青少年骨囊肿及动脉瘤性骨囊肿;头颈部肿瘤,诸如唇、舌、口底、口腔、齿龈、腭、唾液腺、咽喉、鼻腔、鼻窦、喉及中耳的肿瘤;肝癌,诸如肝细胞癌或肝细胞癌(HCC);白血病,诸如急性白血病,诸如急性淋巴/淋巴母细胞性白血病(ALL)、急性骨髓白血病(AML);慢性白血病,诸如慢性淋巴白血病(CLL)、慢性骨髓白血病(CML);骨髓发育不良症候群(MDS);胃癌,诸如乳头状、管状及黏液性腺癌、印戒细胞癌、腺鳞癌、小细胞癌及未分化性癌;黑素瘤,诸如浅表扩散性黑素瘤、结节性黑素瘤、恶性雀斑样痣黑素瘤及肢端雀斑样黑素瘤;肾癌,诸如肾细胞癌或肾上腺样瘤或格拉维茨瘤(Grawitz's tumor);食道癌或食管癌;阴茎癌;前列腺癌(例如去势难治性前列腺癌);咽喉癌或咽癌,诸如鼻咽癌、口咽癌及下咽癌;视网膜母细胞瘤;阴道癌;间皮瘤;板上皮癌、腺癌、原位癌、恶性黑素瘤及肉瘤;甲状腺癌,诸如乳头状、滤泡性及髓质甲状腺癌,以及多形性癌;眼睑鳞状细胞癌、表皮样癌及皮肤的板上皮癌;胸腺瘤、尿道癌、宫颈癌、腺样囊性癌(AdCC)、肾上腺皮质癌及外阴癌。
优选地,待治疗的增生性疾病/癌症具有p53野生型状态。
新颖化合物可用于预防、短期或长期治疗上文提及的疾病,任选亦与放射疗法或诸如细胞抑制或细胞毒性物质、细胞增生抑制剂、抗血管生成物质、类固醇或抗体的其他“目前先进技术”化合物组合。
式(I)、(Ia)及(Ib)化合物可独立或与本发明的其他活性物质组合,任选亦与其他药理学活性物质组合使用。
可与本发明化合物组合给予的治疗剂包括(但不限于)激素、激素类似物及抗激素(例如他莫昔芬(tamoxifen)、托瑞米芬(toremifene)、雷诺昔酚(raloxifene)、氟维司群(fulvestrant)、乙酸甲地孕酮(megestrol acetate)、氟他胺(flutamide)、尼鲁胺(nilutamide)、比卡鲁胺(bicalutamide)、胺格鲁米特(aminoglutethimide)、乙酸环丙孕酮(cyproterone acetate)、非那雄安(finasteride)、乙酸布舍瑞林 (buserelinacetate)、氟氢可的松(fludrocortisone)、氟甲睾酮(fluoxymesterone)、甲羟孕酮(medroxyprogesterone)、奥曲肽(octreotide))、芳香酶抑制剂(例如阿那曲唑(anastrozole)、来曲唑(letrozole)、利阿唑(liarozole)、伏罗唑(vorozole)、依西美坦(exemestane)、阿他美坦(atamestane))、LHRH促效剂及拮抗剂(例如乙酸戈舍瑞林(goserelin acetate)、鲁普利德(luprolide)、生长因子(诸如“血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF)”、“纤维母细胞生长因子(FGF)”、“血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)”、“表皮生长因子(EGF)”、“胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)”、“人类表皮生长因子(HER,例如HER2、HER3、HER4)”及“肝细胞生长因子(HGF)”的生长因子)的抑制剂、例如“生长因子”抗体、“生长因子受体”抗体及酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的抑制剂,诸如西妥昔单抗(cetuximab)、吉非替尼(gefitinib)、伊马替尼(imatinib)、拉帕替尼(lapatinib)、伯舒替尼(bosutinib)及曲妥珠单抗(trastuzumab));抗代谢物(例如抗叶酸剂,诸如甲胺喋呤(methotrexate)、雷替曲塞(raltitrexed)、嘧啶类似物,诸如5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)、卡培他滨(capecitabine) 及吉西他滨(gemcitabine),嘌呤及腺苷类似物,诸如巯基嘌呤、硫鸟嘌呤、克拉屈滨(cladribine)及喷司他丁(pentostatin)、阿糖胞苷(ara C)、氟达拉宾 (fludarabine));抗肿瘤抗生素(例如蒽环霉素(anthracyclin),诸如多柔比星 (doxorubicin)、多希(doxil)(聚乙二醇化脂质盐酸多柔比星、莫西特(myocet)(非聚乙二醇化脂质多柔比星)、道诺霉素(daunorubicin)、表柔比星(epirubicin)及埃达霉素(idarubicin)、丝裂霉素-C(mitomycin-C)、博莱霉素(bleomycin)、放线菌素D(dactinomycin)、普卡霉素(plicamycin)、链脲菌素(streptozocin));铂衍生物(例如顺铂(cisplatin)、奥沙利铂(oxaliplatin)、卡铂(carboplatin));烷基化剂(例如雌莫司汀(estramustin)、氮芥(meclorethamine)、美法仑(melphalan)、苯丁酸氮芥(chlorambucil)、白消安(busulphan)、达卡巴嗪(dacarbazin)、环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide)、异环磷酰胺(ifosfamide)、替莫唑胺(temozolomide)、亚硝基脲,诸如亚硝脲氮芥(carmustin)及环己亚硝脲(lomustin)、噻替派 (thiotepa));抗有丝分裂剂(例如长春花生物碱,诸如长春花碱(vinblastine)、长春地辛(vindesin)、长春瑞滨(vinorelbin)及长春新碱(vincristine);及紫杉烷 (taxane),诸如太平洋紫杉醇(paclitaxel)、多西他赛(docetaxel));血管生成抑制剂(例如他喹莫德(tasquinimod))、微管蛋白抑制剂;DNA合成抑制剂(例如沙帕他滨(sapacitabine))、PARP抑制剂、拓扑异构酶抑制剂(例如表鬼臼毒素(epipodophyllotoxin),诸如依托泊苷(etoposide)及凡毕复(etopophos)、替尼泊苷(teniposide)、安吖啶(amsacrin)、拓朴替康(topotecan)、伊立替康(irinotecan)、米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone)、丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶抑制剂(例如PDK 1抑制剂、Raf 抑制剂、A-Raf抑制剂、B-Raf抑制剂、C-Raf抑制剂、mTOR抑制剂、mTORC1/2 抑制剂、PI3K抑制剂、PI3Kα抑制剂、双重mTOR/PI3K抑制剂、STK 33抑制剂、AKT抑制剂、PLK 1抑制剂、CDK抑制剂、奥洛拉(Aurora)激酶抑制剂)、酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(例如PTK2/FAK抑制剂)、蛋白质蛋白质相互作用抑制剂(例如IAP活化剂、Mcl-1、MDM2/MDMX)、MEK抑制剂(例如皮马瑟替 (pimasertib))、ERK抑制剂、FLT3抑制剂(例如喹杂替尼(quizartinib))、BRD4 抑制剂、IGF-1R抑制剂、TRAILR2促效剂、Bcl-xL抑制剂、Bcl-2抑制剂(例如维托拉斯(venetoclax))、Bcl-2/Bcl-xL抑制剂、ErbB受体抑制剂、BCR-ABL 抑制剂、ABL抑制剂、Src抑制剂、雷帕霉素(rapamycin)类似物(例如依维莫司(everolimus)、坦罗莫司(temsirolimus)、地磷莫司(ridaforolimus)、西罗莫司 (sirolimus))、雄激素合成抑制剂(例如阿比特龙(abiraterone)、TAK-700)、雄激素受体抑制剂(例如恩杂鲁胺(enzalutamide)、ARN-509)、免疫疗法(例如西普亮塞-T(sipuleucel-T))、DNMT抑制剂(例如SGI 110、替莫唑胺(temozolomide)、沃萨洛辛(vosaroxin)、HDAC抑制剂(例如伏立诺他(vorinostat)、恩替诺特 (entinostat)、普莱诺特(pracinostat)、帕比司他(panobinostat))、ANG1/2抑制剂(例如特伯纳尼(trebananib)、CYP17抑制剂(例如加利特隆(galeterone))、放射性药物(例如镭-223、阿尔法雷(alpharadin))、免疫治疗剂(例如基于痘病毒的疫苗、伊派利单抗(ipilimumab)、免疫检查点抑制剂)及各种化学治疗剂,诸如阿米福汀(amifostin)、阿那格雷(anagrelid)、氯膦酸盐(clodronat)、非格司亭 (filgrastin)、干扰素、干扰素α、甲酰四氢叶酸(leucovorin)、利妥昔单抗 (rituximab)、丙卡巴肼(procarbazine)、左旋咪唑(levamisole)、美司钠(mesna)、米托坦(mitotane)、帕米膦酸盐(pamidronate)及卟吩姆(porfimer)。
其他可能组合搭配物为2-氯脱氧腺苷、2-氟脱氧胞苷、2-甲氧基雌二醇、 2C4、3-阿立辛(3-alethine)、131-I-TM-601、3CPA、7-乙基-10-羟基喜树碱 (7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin)、16-氮杂-埃坡霉素B(16-aza-epothilone B)、 ABT-199、ABT-263/纳维克拉斯(navitoclax)、ABT-737、A 105972、A 204197、阿地白介素(aldesleukin)、阿立塞替(alisertib)/MLN8237、亚利崔托宁 (alitretinoin)、阿罗维丁-7(allovectin-7)、六甲蜜胺(altretamine)、阿昔迪布 (alvocidib)、胺萘非特(amonafide)、蒽吡唑、AG-2037、AP-5280、阿帕兹酮 (apaziquone)、阿朴吗啡(apomine)、阿拉诺斯(aranose)、阿格拉宾(arglabin)、阿佐昔芬(arzoxifene)、阿他美坦(atamestane)、阿曲生坦(atrasentan)、奥瑞他汀PE(auristatin PE)、AVLB、AZ10992、ABX-EGF、AMG-479(加尼图单抗 (ganitumab))、AMG-232、AMG-511、AMG 2520765、AMG 2112819、ARRY 162、ARRY 438162、ARRY-300、ARRY-142886/AZD-6244(司美替尼 (selumetinib))、ARRY-704/AZD-8330、ATSP-7041、AR-12、AR-42、AS-703988、 AXL-1717、AZD-1480、AZD-4547、AZD-8055、AZD-5363、AZD-6244、 AZD-7762、ARQ-736、ARQ 680、AS-703026(普吗瑟尼(primasertib))、阿瓦斯汀(avastin)、AZD-2014、阿扎胞苷(azacitidine,5-aza)、氮杂埃坡霉素B、阿那非德(azonafide)、巴莱瑟尼(barasertib)/AZD1152、BAY-43-9006、BAY 80-6946、BBR-3464、BBR-3576、贝伐单抗(bevacizumab)、BEZ-235/达妥昔布(dactolisib)、二柠檬酸比立考达(biricodardicitrate)、布里那盘(birinapant)、 BCX-1777、BKM-120/布帕昔布(buparlisib)、博来霉素(bleocin)、BLP-25、 BMS-184476、BMS-247550、BMS-188797、BMS-275291、BMS-663513、BMS-754807、BNP-1350、BNP-7787、BIBW 2992/阿法替尼(afatinib)、BIBF 1120/尼达尼布(nintedanib)、BI 836845、BI 2536、BI 6727/维拉瑟尼(volasertib)、 BI 836845、BI847325、BI 853520、BIIB-022、博来霉素酸(bleomycinic acid)、博莱霉素A、博莱霉素B、布立尼布(brivanib)、苔藓虫素-1(bryostatin-1)、硼替佐米(bortezomib)、布洛利辛(brostallicin)、白消安、BYL-719/阿倍力西 (alpelisib)、CA-4前药、CA-4、卡巴利他索(cabazitaxel)、卡博替尼(cabozantinib)、 CapCell、骨化三醇(calcitriol)、卡奈替尼(canertinib)、堪佛司非米德 (canfosfamide)、卡培他滨、羟基费拉汀(carboxyphthalatoplatin)、CCI-779、 CC-115、CC-223、CEP-701、CEP-751、CBT-1头孢克肟(cefixime)、西非拉宁(ceflatonin)、头孢曲松(ceftriaxone)、塞内昔布(celecoxib)、西莫白介素 (celmoleukin)、西马多丁(cemadotin)、CGM-097、CH4987655/RO-4987655、氯三芳乙烯(chlorotrianisene)、西仑吉肽(cilengitide)、环孢菌素(ciclosporin)、 CD20抗体、CDA-II、CDC-394、CKD-602、CKI-27、氯法拉滨(clofarabine)、秋水仙碱(colchicin)、康柏斯达汀A4(combretastatin A4)、COT抑制剂、 CHS-828、CH-5132799、CLL-Thera、CMT-3克瑞托欣52、CPI-613、CTP-37、 CTLA-4单株抗体(例如伊派利单抗(ipilimumab))、CP-461、克卓替尼 (crizotinib)、CV-247、氰基吗啉基多柔比星(cyanomorpholinodoxorubicin)、阿糖胞苷、D 24851、达沙替尼(dasatinib)、地西他滨(decitabine)、阿霉素(deoxorubicin)、多柔比星、脱氧柯福霉素(deoxycoformycin)、缩肽(depsipeptide)、脱氧埃坡霉素B、地塞米松(dexamethasone)、右雷佐生(dexrazoxanet)、二乙基己烯雌酚(diethylstilbestrol)、二氟替康(diflomotecan)、地多西(didox)、DMDC、海兔毒素10(dolastatin 10)、多拉哒唑(doranidazole)、DS-7423、DS-3032、E7010、 E-6201、依达曲沙(edatrexat)、艾多替德(edotreotide)、乙丙昔罗(efaproxiral)、依氟鸟氨酸(eflornithine)、EGFR抑制剂、EKB-569、EKB-509、恩扎妥林 (enzastaurin)、艾利莫耳(elesclomol)、依沙芦星(elsamitrucin)、埃坡霉素B、依帕珠单抗(epratuzumab)、EPZ-004777、ER-86526、埃罗替尼(erlotinib)、 ET-18-OCH3、乙炔基胞苷、乙炔基雌二醇、依喜替康(exatecan)、甲磺酸依喜替康、依西美坦(exemestane)、依昔舒林(exisulind)、非瑞替尼(fenretinide)、非吉单抗(figitumumab)、氟尿苷(floxuridine)、叶酸、FOLFOX、FOLFOX4、 FOLFIRI、福美司坦(formestane)、福他替尼(fostamatinib)、福莫司汀(fotemustine)、加柔比星(galarubicin)、麦芽糖酸镓、加利特皮(ganetespib)、吉非替尼(gefinitib)、吉妥单抗(gemtuzumab)、吉妥单抗奥唑米星(gemtuzumab ozogamicin)、吉马替康(gimatecan)、葡磷酰胺(glufosfamide)、GCS-IOO、 GDC-0623、GDC-0941(皮克特昔布(pictrelisib))、GDC-0980、GDC-0032、 GDC-0068、GDC-0349、GDC-0879、G17DT免疫原、GMK、GMX-1778、 GPX-100、gp100-肽疫苗、GSK-5126766、GSK-690693、GSK-1120212(曲美替尼(trametinib))、GSK-1995010、GSK-2118436(达拉菲尼(dabrafenib))、 GSK-2126458、GSK-2132231A、GSK-2334470、GSK-2110183、GSK-2141795、 GSK-2636771、GSK-525762A/I-BET-762、GW2016、格拉司琼(granisetron)、赫赛汀(herceptine)、六甲蜜胺、组胺、高粗榧碱(homoharringtonine)、玻尿酸 (hyaluronic acid)、羟基脲、己酸羟基孕酮(hydroxyprogesterone caproate)、 HDM-201、伊班膦酸盐(ibandronate)、布突默单抗(ibritumomab)、依鲁替尼 /PCI-32765、埃达萨林(idasanutlin)、依达曲沙(idatrexate)、艾德斯布 (idelalisib)/CAL-101、依德斯尔(idenestrol)、IDN-5109、IGF-1R抑制剂、IMC-1C11、IMC-A12(西妥木单抗(cixutumumab))、免疫剂(immunol)、依地苏兰(indisulam)、干扰素α-2a、干扰素α-2b、聚乙二醇化干扰素α-2b、介白素-2、 INK-1117、INK-128、INSM-18、爱纳法尼(ionafarnib)、异丙铂(iproplatin)、伊洛福芬(irofulven)、异高软海绵素-B(isohomohalichondrin-B)、异黄酮 (isoflavone)、异维甲酸(isotretinoin)、伊沙匹隆(ixabepilone)、JRX-2、JSF-154、 JQ-1、J-107088、结合雌激素、卡利德F(kahalid F)、酮康唑(ketoconazole)、 KW-2170、KW-2450、KU-55933、LCL-161、洛铂(lobaplatin)、来氟米特 (leflunomide)、来那度胺(lenalidomide)、来格司亭(lenograstim)、亮丙立德 (leuprolide)、亮丙瑞林(leuporelin)、来昔决南钐(lexidronam)、LGD-1550、利奈唑胺(linezolid)、洛伐他汀(lovastatin)、德卟啉镏(lutetium texaphyrin)、洛美曲索(lometrexol)、氯尼达明(lonidamine)、洛索蒽醌(losoxantrone)、LU 223651、陆宾奈丁(lurbinectedin)、勒托替康(lurtotecan)、LY-S6AKT1、LY-2780301、 LY-2109761/高路瑟尼(galunisertib)、马磷酰胺(mafosfamide)、马立马司他 (marimastat)、马索罗酚(masoprocol)、甲氯乙胺(mechloroethamine)、MEK抑制剂、MEK-162、甲基睾固酮(methyltestosteron)、甲基泼尼龙 (methylprednisolone)、MEDI-573、MEN-10755、MDX-H210、MDX-447、 MDX-1379、MGV、米哚妥林(midostaurin)、米诺膦酸(minodronic acid)、丝裂霉素(mitomycin)、米伏布尔(mivobulin)、MK-2206、MK-0646(达洛图单抗(dalotuzumab))、MLN518、MLN-0128、MLN-2480、莫特沙芬钆(motexafingadolinium)、MS-209、MS-275、MX6、奈立膦酸盐(neridronate)、来那替尼 (neratinib)、雷沙瓦(Nexavar)、鲨癌灵(neovastat)、尼罗替尼(nilotinib)、尼美舒利(nimesulide)、硝化甘油、诺拉曲特(nolatrexed)、诺瑞宁(norelin)、N-乙酰半胱氨酸、NU-7441 06-苯甲基鸟嘌呤、奥利默森(oblimersen)、奥美拉唑 (omeprazole)、奥拉帕尼(olaparib)、奥克非格(oncophage)、oncoVEXGM-CSF、奥米拉汀(ormiplatin)、奥他赛(ortataxel)、OX44抗体、OSI-027、OSI-906(林斯替尼(linsitinib))、4-1BB抗体、吡咯蒽醌(oxantrazole)、雌激素、奥那司酮 (onapristone)、帕博西里(palbociclib)/PD-0332991、帕尼单抗(panitumumab)、帕比司他(panobinostat)、帕土匹龙(patupilone)、帕佐泮尼(pazopanib)、派非格司亭(pegfilgrastim)、PCK-3145、派非格司亭、PBI-1402、PBI-05204、PD0325901、 PD-1抗体、PD-616、PEG-太平洋紫杉醇、白蛋白稳定的太平洋紫杉醇、PEP-005、 PF-05197281、PF-05212384、PF-04691502、PF-3758309、PHA-665752、PHT-427、 P-04、PKC412、P54、PI-88、培利替尼(pelitinib)、培美曲塞(pemetrexed)、芬瑞克斯(pentrix)、哌立福新(perifosine)、紫苏醇(perillylalcohol)、帕妥珠单抗 (pertuzumab)、喷喔地他(pevonedistat)、PI3K抑制剂、PI3K/mTOR抑制剂、 PG-TXL、PG2、PLX-4032/RO-5185426(维罗非尼(vemurafenib))、PLX-3603/ RO-5212054、PT-100、PWT-33597、PX-866、吡铂(picoplatin)、丁酸特戊酰基甲酯、匹蒽醌(pixantrone)、苯妥帝尔O(phenoxodiol O)、PKI166、普来曲塞(plevitrexed)、普卡霉素(plicamycin)、聚烯瑞尼酸(polyprenicacid)、普纳替尼(ponatinib)、泊非罗霉素(porfiromycin)、泊沙康唑(posaconazole)、泼尼松 (prednisone)、泼尼龙(prednisolone)、PRT-062607、曲马德(quinamed)、奎奴普丁(quinupristin)、喹杂替尼(quizartinib)/AC220、R115777、RAF-265、拉莫司琼(ramosetron)、豹蛙酶(ranpirnase)、RDEA-119/BAY 869766、RDEA-436、蝴蝶霉素类似物(rebeccamycin analogue)、受体酪氨酸激酶(RTK)抑制剂、雷维米德(revimid)、RG-7167、RG-7112、RG-7304、RG-7421、RG-7321、RG-7356、 RG 7440、RG-7775、根瘤菌素(rhizoxin)、rhu-MAb、里格瑟尼林菲培(rigosertib rinfabate)、利塞膦酸盐(risedronate)、利妥昔单抗、罗妥木单抗(robatumumab)、罗非考昔(rofecoxib)、罗米地辛(romidepsin)、RO-4929097、RO-31-7453、 RO-5126766、RO-5068760、RPR 109881A、红比腙(rubidazone)、卢比替康 (rubitecan)、R-氟比洛芬、RX-0201、芦可替尼(ruxolitinib)、S-9788、萨巴比星(sabarubicin)、SAHA、沙帕他滨(sapacitabine)、SAR-405838、沙格司亭 (sargramostim)、赛特铂(satraplatin)、SB-408075、SB-431542、Se-015/Ve-015、 SU5416、SU6668、SDX-101、塞林西斯(selinexor)、司莫司汀(semustin)、西奥骨化醇(seocalcitol)、SM-11355、SN-38、SN-4071、SR-27897、SR-31747、 SR-13668、SRL-172、索拉非尼(sorafenib)、螺铂(spiroplatin)、角鲨胺 (squalamine)、STF-31、辛二酰苯胺异羟肟酸、舒癌特(sutent)、T900607、T 138067、TAE-684、TAK-733、TAS-103、泰克地那林(tacedinaline)、他拉泊芬(talaporfin)、坦螺旋霉素(tanespimycin)、特罗凯(Tarceva)、塔瑞曲他(tariquitar)、塔斯素拉(tasisulam)、克癌易(taxotere)、他克普辛(taxoprexin)、他扎罗汀(tazarotene)、喃氟啶(tegafur)、替莫唑胺(temozolamide)、替米利芬(tesmilifene)、睾固酮、丙酸睾固酮、替米利芬(tesmilifene)、四铂(tetraplatin)、河豚毒素碱(tetrodotoxin)、替扎他滨(tezacitabine)、沙立度胺(thalidomide)、塞拉克斯(theralux)、吡柔比星、胸腺法新(thymalfasin)、赛美他欣(thymectacin)、噻唑呋林(tiazofurin)、替吡法尼(tipifarnib)、替拉扎明(tirapazamine)、托拉地新(tocladesine)、托穆戴克斯(tomudex)托瑞莫芬(toremofin)、托舍多特(tosedostat)、曲贝替定(trabectedin)、反式MID-107、反式视黄酸、曲妥单抗(traszutumab)、曲美单抗(tremelimumab)、维甲酸(tretinoin)、三乙酰基尿苷、三安平(triapine)、曲西立滨(triciribine)、曲美沙特(trimetrexate)、TLK-286TXD 258、泰克泊 (tykerb)/泰维泊(tyverb)、优诺西丁(urocidin)、丙戊酸、伐柔比星(valrubicin)、凡德他尼(vandetanib)、凡塔蓝尼(vatalanib)、长春新碱、长春氟宁(vinflunine)、维力金(virulizin)、维莫德吉(vismodegib)、沃萨洛辛(vosaroxin)、WX-UK1、 WX-554、维克替比(vectibix)、XAV-939、希罗达(xeloda)、XELOX、XL-147、 XL-228、XL-281、XL-518/R-7420/GDC-0973、XL-765、YM-511、YM-598、 ZD-4190、ZD-6474、ZD-4054、ZD-0473、ZD-6126、ZD-9331、ZDI839、ZSTK-474、唑来膦酸盐(zoledronat)及唑苏达(zosuquidar)。
适合的制剂包括例如片剂、丸剂、胶囊、栓剂、口含锭、糖衣锭、溶液(特别是用于注射(皮下、静脉内、肌内)及输注(可注射剂)的溶液)、酏剂、糖浆、药囊、乳液、吸入剂或可分散粉末。医药活性化合物的含量应在组合物作为整体的0.1至90重量%,优选0.5至50重量%范围内,亦即以足以达成下文指定剂量范围的量。必要时,指定剂量可给定为一日数次。
适合片剂可例如通过使活性物质与已知赋形剂(例如惰性稀释剂,诸如碳酸钙、磷酸钙或乳糖;崩解剂,诸如玉米淀粉或褐藻酸;黏合剂,诸如淀粉或明胶;润滑剂,诸如硬脂酸镁或滑石;用于延迟释放的药剂,诸如羧甲基纤维素、邻苯二甲酸乙酸纤维素或聚乙酸乙烯酯)、载剂、佐剂、表面活性剂混合而获得。片剂亦可包含若干层。
因此,包衣片剂可通过用一般用于片剂包衣的物质(例如可力酮(collidone) 或虫胶、阿拉伯胶、滑石、二氧化钛或糖)包覆包衣类似片剂产生的核心制备。至达成延迟释放或防止不兼容性,核心亦可由多个层组成。类似地,片剂包衣可由多个层组成以达成延迟释放,可能使用上文所提及的用于片剂的赋形剂。
含有本发明的活性物质或其组合的糖浆或酏剂可额外含有甜味剂,诸如糖精、赛克拉美(cyclamate)、丙三醇或糖,及香味增强剂,例如香兰素(vanillin) 或橙萃取物的芳香剂。其亦可含有悬浮佐剂或增稠剂,诸如羧甲基纤维素钠;湿润剂,诸如脂肪醇与环氧乙烷的缩合产物;或防腐剂,诸如对羟基苯甲酸酯。
注射及输注用溶液以常用方式制备,例如添加等张剂、诸如对羟基苯甲酸酯的防腐剂、或诸如乙二胺四乙酸的碱金属盐的稳定剂,任选使用乳化剂及/或分散剂,同时若水用作稀释剂,则例如有机溶剂可任选用作溶剂化剂或助溶剂,且转移至注射瓶或安瓶或输注瓶中。
含有一或多种活性物质或活性物质组合的胶囊可例如通过混合活性物质与诸如乳糖或山梨醇的惰性载剂且将其填充入明胶胶囊制备。
适合栓剂可例如通过与出于此目的而提供的载剂(诸如中性脂肪或聚乙二醇或其衍生物)混合来制造。
可使用的赋形剂包括例如水;药学上可接受的有机溶剂,诸如石蜡(例如石油馏分)、植物油(例如花生油或芝麻油)、单官能性或多官能性醇(例如乙醇或甘油);载剂,诸如天然矿物粉末(例如高岭土、黏土、滑石、白垩)、合成矿物粉末(例如高度分散性硅酸及硅酸盐)、糖(例如蔗糖、乳糖及葡萄糖)、乳化剂(例如木质素、废亚硫酸液体、甲基纤维素、淀粉及聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)及润滑剂(例如硬脂酸镁、滑石、硬脂酸及月桂基硫酸钠)。
通过常用方法给予所述制剂,优选通过经口或经皮途径,经口途径最佳。对于经口投药而言,片剂除含有上述载剂外当然亦可含有诸如柠檬酸钠、碳酸钙及磷酸二钙的添加剂以及诸如淀粉(优选马铃薯淀粉)、明胶及其类似物的各种添加剂。此外,诸如硬脂酸镁、月桂基硫酸钠及滑石的润滑剂可同时用于制片工艺。在水性悬浮液的情况下,活性物质可与除上文所提及的赋形剂以外的各种香味增强剂或着色剂组合。
对于非经肠使用,可使用活性物质与适合液体载剂的溶液。
每天可用的式(I)、(Ia)及(Ib)化合物的剂量范围通常为1mg至2000mg、优选50至1000mg、更佳100至500mg。
静脉内使用剂量为每小时1mg至1000mg、优选每小时5mg至500mg。
然而,有时视体重、投药途径、对药物的个体反应、其制剂的性质及药物给予历经的时间或间隔而定,必要时可脱离指定的量。因此,在一些情况下,使用小于上文给出的最小剂量可为足够的,而在其他情况下可超过上限。当给予较大量时,在一天内将其分成多个较小剂量可为可取的。
以下制剂实施例说明本发明而不限制其范畴:
医药制剂的实施例
将细粉状活性物质、乳糖及一些玉米淀粉混合在一起。将混合物筛分,接着用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的水溶液湿润,捏合,湿法造粒且干燥。将颗粒、剩余玉米淀粉及硬脂酸镁筛分且混合在一起。将混合物压缩以制成具有适当形状及尺寸的片剂。
将细粉状活性物质、一些玉米淀粉、乳糖、微晶纤维素及聚乙烯吡咯烷酮混合在一起,将混合物筛分且以剩余玉米淀粉及水处理以形成颗粒,将其干燥且筛分。添加且混合羧甲基淀粉钠及硬脂酸镁,且压缩混合物以形成适合尺寸的片剂。
将活性物质、乳糖及纤维素混合在一起。将混合物筛分,接着用水湿润,捏合,湿法造粒且干燥,或干法造粒,或直接与硬脂酸镁最终掺合且压缩成具有适合形状及尺寸的片剂。当湿法造粒时,添加额外乳糖或纤维素及硬脂酸镁且将混合物压缩以制成具有适当形状及尺寸的片剂。
D)安瓿溶液
式(I)或(Ia)或(Ib)的活性物质 50mg
氯化钠 50mg
注射用水 5mL
将活性物质在水固有pH下或任选在pH 5.5至6.5下溶解于水中,且添加氯化钠以使其等张。过滤所得溶液使其不含热原质,且在无菌条件下将滤液转移于安瓿瓶中,随后将其杀菌且通过熔合密封。安瓿含有5mg、25mg及 50mg活性物质。
Claims (14)
1.一种式(I)化合物
其中
R1为任选经一或多个相同或不同Rc1取代的选自C1-6烷基、C2-6烯基及C3-7环烷基的基团;
各Rc1彼此独立地为任选经一或多个相同或不同Rd1及/或Re1取代的选自C1-6烷基、C3-7环烷基、C6-10芳基及3-10元杂环基的基团;
各Rd1独立地选自-ORe1及卤素;
各Re1彼此独立地为C1-6烷基;
R2及R3中的一者为氢且另一者选自苯基及吡啶基,其中此苯基及吡啶基任选经一或多个选自-OC1-6烷基、卤素、C1-6烷基及C1-6卤烷基的相同或不同取代基取代;
A选自苯基及吡啶基;
各R4独立地选自Ra4及Rb4;
各Ra4彼此独立地为任选经一或多个相同或不同Rb4取代的C1-6烷基;
各Rb4独立地选自-ORc4、卤素、-CN、-C(O)ORc4、-C(O)NRc4Rc4及-S(O)2Rc4;
各Rc4彼此独立地选自氢及C1-6烷基;
r表示数字0、1、2或3
R5及R6各自独立地选自氢、C1-4烷基及C1-4卤烷基;
n表示数字0或1;
各R7独立地选自卤素、C1-4烷基、-CN、C1-4卤烷基、-OC1-4烷基及-OC1-4卤烷基;
q表示数字0、1、2或3;
W、X及Y各自独立地选自-N=及-CH=
其限制条件为若存在取代基R7,则各-CH=中的氢可经取代基R7置换且W、X及Y中最多两者可为-N=;
V为氧;
或其盐。
3.如权利要求1-2中任一项的化合物,其中
R3为氢;
或其盐。
4.如权利要求1-2中任一项的化合物,其中
R5及R6为氢;
n表示数字0或1;
或其盐。
5.如权利要求1-2中任一项的化合物,其中
各R7独立地为卤素且q为1或2;
或其盐。
9.如权利要求8的式A-8的合成中间体或其盐在如权利要求1-5中任一项的化合物(I)或(Ia)的合成中的用途。
10.如权利要求1-6中任一项的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备治疗及/或预防癌症、感染、炎症及自体免疫疾病的药物中的用途。
11.治疗有效量的权利要求1-6中任一项的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备治疗及/或预防疾病及/或病症的药物中的用途,其中抑制MDM2与p53之间的相互作用对于所述疾病及/或病症具有治疗效益。
12.治疗有效量的权利要求1-6中任一项的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备治疗及/或预防癌症的药物中的用途。
13.一种药物组合物,其包含至少一种如权利要求1-6中任一项的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐及药学上可接受的载剂。
14.一种药物制剂,其包含如权利要求1-6中任一项的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐及至少一种其他细胞抑制或细胞毒性活性物质。
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