CN106982638A - A kind of significant wheat planting method of fertilizer effect - Google Patents
A kind of significant wheat planting method of fertilizer effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN106982638A CN106982638A CN201710318671.6A CN201710318671A CN106982638A CN 106982638 A CN106982638 A CN 106982638A CN 201710318671 A CN201710318671 A CN 201710318671A CN 106982638 A CN106982638 A CN 106982638A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of significant wheat planting method of fertilizer effect, belong to crop-planting technical field, the implantation methods rely on wheat rotary tillage fertilizer applicator, seeder and pressing machine are implemented, applied fertilizer after rotary tillage, fertilising is divided into the 15cm of depth 7 topsoil fertilising and the 30cm of depth 15 subsoil application, wheat cultivation is applied fertilizer in bandwidth in topsoil during sowing, the seeding belt that wheat cultivation row forms two interval 5cm is one group, every group of interval 10cm, wheat is taken root and primary growth carries out fertilizer by fertilizer at 7 15cm, Later growth carries out nutrition supply by the layering fertilizer at 15 30cm, it is accurate that the implantation methods can make fertilizer apply depth, utilization rate of fertilizer is improved, without the operation subsequently topdressed, save the consumption of fertilizer, avoid the soil soil property influence that Residual Fertilizer is caused, simultaneously, subsoil application can promote wheat root bundle deeply, improve wheat water suction and lodging tolerance, significantly improving for wheat yield can finally be realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crop-planting technical field, and in particular to a kind of significant wheat planting method of fertilizer effect.
Background technology
Existing wheat planting is all the fertilising for first carrying out soil surface, is then uniformly distributed in fertilizer by rotary tillage cultivated
In layer, the sowing of wheat is then carried out in topsoil, wheat is taken root to be absorbed initial stage to the fertilizer around it, but topsoil
The utilization rate of fertilizer on top especially surface is not high, all remains in soil, soil is impacted, wheat root extend into cultivated
After layer is following, the fertilizer in topsoil cannot be played a role, in addition it is also necessary to wheat be adapted to the topdressing operation of its growth period,
Certain destruction can be caused during topdressing to wheat plant, and the fertilizer depth applied is limited, although can be to wheat root
Growth in soil provides nutrient, but is unfavorable for wheat root and grows, therefore, the lodging tolerance of wheat and deep suction downwards
Outlet capacity is limited, and above-mentioned reason is the major reason that existing wheat yield can not be improved further.
The content of the invention
Instant invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of significant wheat planting method of fertilizer effect, the party
Method can disposably complete wheat growth initial stage and the fertilizer in later stage is applied, and without topdressing, and be conducive to wheat to take root downwards,
The lodging tolerance and water absorbing capacity of wheat are strengthened, and wheat yield is significantly improved.
The present invention concrete technical scheme be：
A kind of significant wheat planting method of fertilizer effect, key point is that the implantation methods are applied fertilizer based on wheat rotary tillage
Machine is implemented, and the wheat rotary tillage fertilizer applicator includes hauling machine and connection in its back-end and the frame with gauge wheel, machine
Rotary tillage unit and fertigation unit are disposed with frame, the direction of rotation of the rotary tillage unit is rotated forward for upper end, described to apply
Fertile unit and the distance of rotary tillage unit in the horizontal direction are not more than 15cm, the fertigation unit include one group be set up in parallel apply
Fertilizer shovel, fertilizer application spade spacing be 8-15cm, the fertilizer application spade include subsoiling layer by layer manuring shovel and be fixed thereon portion wait depth broadcast application
Shovel, subsoiling layer by layer manuring shovel is connected for hollow structure and with the deep layer fertilizer box of frame upper end, after the spear of subsoiling layer by layer manuring shovel
Side is provided with one group of fertilizer applying hole along genesis analysis, and the working depth of fertilizer applying hole is 15-30cm, and it is hollow structure to wait deep broadcast application shovel
And be connected with the topsoil fertilizer box of frame upper end, two groups of broadcast application holes that both sides are shoveled positioned at subsoiling layer by layer manuring are provided with its shovel,
The working depth in broadcast application hole is 7-15cm, described subsoiling layer by layer manuring shovel, etc. deep broadcast application shovel cooperatively form fertilizer layer by layer manuring
Unit, the two groups of broadcast application pitchs of holes waited on deep broadcast application shovel are 4-6cm, and the cross direction profiles scope in every group of broadcast application hole is 8-
12cm, the wheat planting method based on said structure wheat rotary tillage fertilizer applicator comprises the following steps：
A, rotary tillage and fertilising
All fertilizer application spades in rotary tillage, fertigation unit are carried out to soil plough horizon by the rotary tillage unit of wheat rotary tillage fertilizer applicator
Applied fertilizer and form the fertilization area that one group of horizontal spacing is 8-15cm, fertilization area includes the deep layer that 15-30cm is deep, 4-6cm is wide
Fertilising band and be distributed in the topsoil fertilising band that its both sides 7-15cm is deep, 8-12cm is wide, rotary tillage finite element rotation direction be upper end forward
Rotate, rearward top is dished out and is covered in fertilization area upper end for the soil of its rotary tillage；
B, sowing
Wheat seed is sowed in the topsoil fertilising band of fertilization area using wheat seeder, formation is separated by broadcasting for 8-15cm
Group is planted, each sowing group includes two seeding belts for being separated by 4-6cm, and sowing bandwidth is 8-12cm；
C, suppression
Suppression operation is carried out to soil surface after planting using pressing machine.
In described wheat rotary tillage fertilizer applicator, breast boards is provided with fertigation unit rear end, machine is fixed in breast boards upper end
On frame, lower end is tilted backwards, and the angle of breast boards and horizontal plane where frame lower end is 50-80 degree, the breast boards and fertilising
The distance of unit in the horizontal direction is not more than in 20cm, described step A, the rearward top of the soil after rotary tillage unit rotary tillage
Dish out, breast boards is stopped to the soil dished out and it is covered in fertilization area upper end.
Described breast boards is 15cm with the distance of fertigation unit in the horizontal direction.
Described fertigation unit is 10cm with the distance of rotary tillage unit in the horizontal direction.
Described fertilizer application spade spacing is 10cm, and the two groups of broadcast application pitchs of holes waited on deep broadcast application shovel are 5cm, every group of broadcast application
The cross direction profiles scope in hole is 10cm, and the working depth of fertilizer applying hole is 20-30cm, and the working depth in broadcast application hole is 9cm；Described
In step A, fertilization area horizontal spacing is 10cm, and fertilization area includes the subsoil application band and be distributed in it that 20-30cm is deep, 5cm is wide
The topsoil fertilising band that both sides 9cm is deep, 10cm is wide；In described step B, sowing group spacing is 10cm, and each sowing group includes two
The individual seeding belt for being separated by 5cm, sowing bandwidth is 10cm.
Described fertilising outer end of hole, which is provided with, leads fertile device, it is described lead shell structure that fertile device bent downwards for both sides and
Tilted backwards for lower end, its cross section is inverted V-shape, all fertilizer applying holes are corresponding all to lead fertile device in wide from top to bottom
The arrangement form being gradually reduced is spent, and all length for leading fertile device are gradually reduced, in described step A, subsoil application band
For component layers fertilising band.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Implantation methods in the present invention are based on utilizing wheat rotary tillage fertilizer applicator, wheat cultivation
Machine and pressing machine are implemented, and in rotary tillage ferti machine fertigation unit is set to subsoiling layer by layer manuring shovel and waits deep broadcast application shovel mutually to tie
The structure of conjunction, the layer by layer manuring that deep layer fertilizer is carried out between two seeding belts is shoveled by subsoiling layer by layer manuring, by waiting deep spread
Fertilizer shovel carries out applying for fertilizer at initial stage in the topsoil bottom of seeding belt, and fertilizer application spade is arranged on the rear end of rotary tillage unit, rotary tillage unit
Topsoil soils are started and are covered on fertilization area so that initial stage fertilizer apply depth more accurate, the fertilizer application spade and rotary tillage
Unit has been implemented in combination with the effect that the fertilising of smart position and single-dose application need not topdress, and whole wheat growth stage saves a large amount of manpowers
And the application of the deep layer fertilizer in equipment, and subsoil application band can promote wheat root to be grown to depth of soils, wheat is inhaled
The moisture of depth of soils is received, the consumption of irrigation water is saved, improves the lodging tolerance of wheat, finally realize wheat yield
Improve.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of wheat rotary tillage ferti machine in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of fertilizer application spade.
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 rearview.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of soil subsoiling in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the internal structure schematic diagram for waiting deep broadcast application shovel.
Fig. 6 is the operation principle schematic diagram of rotary tillage unit and fertigation unit.
Fig. 7 is seeding belt distributed architecture schematic diagram of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, 1, frame, 2, gauge wheel, 3, rotary tillage unit, 4, subsoiling layer by layer manuring shovel, 401, deep layer fertilizer box, 402,
Fertilizer applying hole, 403, lead fertile device, 5, etc. deep broadcast application shovel, 501, topsoil fertilizer box, 502, broadcast application hole, 503, the fertile post of gear, 504, water conservancy diversion
Plate, 6, subsoil application band, 7, topsoil fertilising band, 9, seeding belt, 10, breast boards.
Embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of significant wheat planting method of fertilizer effect, the implantation methods are applied fertilizer based on wheat rotary tillage
Machine is implemented, and the wheat rotary tillage fertilizer applicator includes hauling machine and connection in its back-end and the frame 1 with gauge wheel 2,
Rotary tillage unit 3 and fertigation unit are disposed with frame 1, the direction of rotation of the rotary tillage unit 3 is rotated forward for upper end, institute
Fertigation unit and the no more than 15cm of distance in the horizontal direction of rotary tillage unit 3 are stated, the fertigation unit is set side by side including one group
The fertilizer application spade put, fertilizer application spade spacing be 8-15cm, the fertilizer application spade include subsoiling layer by layer manuring shovel 4 and be fixed thereon portion etc.
Deep broadcast application shovel 5, subsoiling layer by layer manuring shovel 4 is hollow structure and is connected with the deep layer fertilizer box 401 of the upper end of frame 1 that subsoiling layering is applied
One group of fertilizer applying hole 402 along genesis analysis is provided with rear side of the spear of fertilizer shovel 4, the working depth of fertilizer applying hole 402 is 15-30cm,
It is hollow structure and is connected with the topsoil fertilizer box 501 of the upper end of frame 1 Deng deep broadcast application shovel 5, is provided with its shovel positioned at subsoiling point
Two groups of broadcast application holes 502 of layer fertilizer application spade 4 both sides, the working depth in broadcast application hole 502 is 7-15cm, described subsoiling layer by layer manuring shovel
4th, etc. deep broadcast application shovel 5 cooperatively forms fertilizer layer by layer manuring unit, and two groups of spacing of broadcast application hole 502 waiting on deep broadcast application shovel 5 are
4-6cm, the cross direction profiles scope in every group of broadcast application hole 502 is 8-12cm, with reference to said structure wheat rotary tillage fertilizer applicator, wheat cultivation
Machine and pressing machine carry out the plantation operation of rotary tillage, fertilising, sowing and suppression successively, and the detailed process of implantation methods passes through tool
Body embodiment is illustrated.
Specific embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 7, fertigation unit are 10cm with the distance of rotary tillage unit 3 in the horizontal direction,
Distance setting ensure that the soil that rotary tillage unit is dished out backward can cross fertilizer application spade and fall the fertilising after fertilising operation
Qu Shang, the fertilizer application spade spacing is 10cm, and the two groups of spacing of broadcast application hole 502 waited on deep broadcast application shovel 5 are 5cm, every group of broadcast application
The cross direction profiles scope in hole 502 is 10cm, and the working depth of fertilizer applying hole 402 is 20-30cm, and the working depth in broadcast application hole 502 is
9cm, as shown in figure 5, the outlet port of broadcast application hole 502 is provided with the fertile post 503 of gear, fertilizer is from the topsoil fertilizer box being fixed in frame 1
501 by the deep broadcast application shovel 5 such as feeding pipe arrival, then carrying out broadcast application, two groups respectively by two groups of broadcast application holes 502 of both sides
Spaced position between broadcast application hole 502 is provided with deflector 504, and the cross section of deflector 504 is triangle, and fertilizer passes through deflector
Conveyed respectively to the broadcast application hole 502 of both sides after 504 guiding, the wheat rotary tillage fertilizer applicator based on said structure, Yi Jixian
Some wheat seeder and pressing machine are planted to carry out the section fertilizer of wheat, if wheat seeder rear end sets press wheel, then
The cost of pressing machine can be saved, the detailed process of implantation methods is as follows：
A, rotary tillage and fertilising
Rotary tillage is carried out to soil plough horizon by the rotary tillage unit 3 of wheat rotary tillage fertilizer applicator, this structure setting is without individually
Site preparation before being planted, fertilising operation is arranged on after rotary tillage process, by rotary tillage unit 3 rotary tillage power by soil rearward on
Portion throws and fallen on the post-job fertilization area of rear end fertigation unit, and fertigation unit rear end is provided with breast boards 10, breast boards
10 upper ends are fixed in frame 1, and lower end is tilted backwards, and the angle of breast boards 10 and horizontal plane where the lower end of frame 1 is 65 degree, institute
It is 15cm to state breast boards 10 and the distance of fertigation unit in the horizontal direction, the rearward top of the soil after the rotary tillage of rotary tillage unit 3
Dish out, 10 pairs of soil dished out of breast boards are stopped and it is covered in fertilization area upper end, improve soil landing covering
Efficiency, while avoiding soil throws the loose and moisture loss that overlong time is caused, remains the moisture of soil to greatest extent,
All fertilizer application spades in fertigation unit are applied fertilizer and form the fertilization area that one group of horizontal spacing is 10cm, and fertilization area includes 20-
30cm is deep, 5cm is wide subsoil application band 6 and be distributed in the topsoil fertilising band 7 that its both sides 9cm is deep, 10cm is wide, rotary tillage unit 3 revolves
Turn direction and rotate forward for upper end, rearward top is dished out and is covered in fertilization area upper end for the soil of its rotary tillage；The knot of fertilizer application spade
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the subsoiling layer by layer manuring shovel 4 in fertilizer application spade carries out the subsoiling of soil and the application of deep layer fertilizer, fertilising to structure
Shovel lower end spear possesses the function of loosening the soil, and the shape of soil subsoiling is as shown in figure 4, be upside-down triangle shape, the knot that loosens the soil of the shape
Structure, provides relatively soft soil environment, middle deep place is the position that deep layer fertilizer applies, fertilising for the progress of fertilising
The outer end of hole 402, which is provided with, leads fertile device 403, it is described lead fertile device 403 be shell structure that both sides are bent downwards and be lower end to
Rear-inclined, its cross section is inverted V-shape, and all fertilizer applying holes 402 are corresponding all to lead fertile device 403 in width from top to bottom
The arrangement form being gradually reduced, and all length for leading fertile device 403 are gradually reduced, and fertilizer is outwards defeated along fertile device 403 is led
Go out and dispersed, subsoil application band 6 is the shallower position in both sides in the component layers fertilising band for being distributed in 20-30cm depth, Fig. 4
The topsoil fertilizer added in the position applied for topsoil fertilizer, topsoil fertilizer box 501 spreads fertilizer over the fields quick-acting fertilizer, deep layer fertilizer for kind of an inferior depth
The deep layer fertilizer added in case 401 selects slow-release fertilizer or Controlled Release Fertilizer, and the nutrition rate of release of slow-release fertilizer or Controlled Release Fertilizer is slow,
Fertilizer efficiency is long, can be selected as needed；
B, sowing
Wheat seed is sowed in the topsoil fertilising band 7 of fertilization area using wheat seeder, on wheat seeder used
The sowing width and sowing spacing of the sowing unit of setting are corresponding with topsoil fertilising band 7, as shown in fig. 7, after planting shape
Into the sowing group for being separated by 10cm, each sowing group includes two seeding belts 9 for being separated by 5cm, and the width of seeding belt 9 is 10cm；Every two
10cm spacing between individual sowing group is ventilating duct, can either be taken a breath, can adjusted again in wheat seeding for the wheat seeding ridge of both sides
Temperature, it is to avoid temperature is too high and grow disease pest and weed in wheat seeding；5cm spacing in every group between two seeding belts 9 can be
Wheat growth provides space, and can absorb nutrition from the layer by layer manuring band at interval position, promotes root to grow downwards, improves
Lodging tolerance and water absorbing capacity, significantly improve the growing environment and the growth impetus of wheat；
C, suppression
Suppression operation is carried out to soil surface after planting using pressing machine.
Carried out using the implantation methods in the present invention after wheat planting, early growth period, wheat seed absorbs topsoil bottom
Fertilizer carries out early stage root system and grown, be conducive to seed survive and seedling sprouting, and avoid in the prior art
Fertilizer is dispersed in the burn seedlings phenomenon caused in topsoil, with wheat growth, and root system is divided into axial root system and other root system, topsoil bottom
Fertilizer far can not meet the requirement of root system, now, due to the layer by layer manuring in the soil of 20-30cm depths, axial root system
Growth is conducive to the deep formation taken root to subsoil application, and the lodging tolerance of wheat is stronger, and it is deep that root can absorb 20-30cm
The fertilizer at place meets the demand of different growing stage, and wheat is in growth period without be topdressed, the utilization rate of fertilizer is higher, and
And the residual fertilizer in soil is less, it is to avoid excessive influence of the fertilizer on soil property, while can also absorb in the soil of depths
Moisture ensures the water requirement of plant, and duty can be also reduced, whole growth period saves substantial amounts of manpower, equipment
And natural resources, provide a kind of implantation methods for saving fertilizer and significantly improving yield for wheat planting.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of significant wheat planting method of fertilizer effect, it is characterised in that the implantation methods are applied fertilizer based on wheat rotary tillage
Machine is implemented, and the wheat rotary tillage fertilizer applicator includes hauling machine and connection in its back-end and the frame with gauge wheel (2)
(1), be disposed with rotary tillage unit (3) and fertigation unit in frame (1), the direction of rotation of the rotary tillage unit 3 for upper end to
Preceding to rotate, the fertigation unit is not more than 15cm with the distance of rotary tillage unit (3) in the horizontal direction, and the fertigation unit includes
One group of fertilizer application spade for being set up in parallel, fertilizer application spade spacing is 8-15cm, and the fertilizer application spade includes subsoiling layer by layer manuring shovel (4) and fixed
At an upper portion thereof wait deep broadcast application shovel (5), subsoiling layer by layer manuring shovel (4) be hollow structure and with the deep layer fertilizer box of frame (1) upper end
(401) it is connected, one group of fertilizer applying hole (402) along genesis analysis, fertilizer applying hole is provided with rear side of the spear of subsoiling layer by layer manuring shovel (4)
(402) working depth is 15-30cm, wait deep broadcast application shovel (5) be hollow structure and with the topsoil fertilizer box of frame (1) upper end
(501) it is connected, two groups of broadcast application holes (502) that (4) both sides are shoveled positioned at subsoiling layer by layer manuring, broadcast application hole is provided with its shovel
(502) working depth is 7-15cm, described subsoiling layer by layer manuring shovel (4), etc. deep broadcast application shovel (5) cooperatively form fertilizer layering
Fertigation unit, two groups of broadcast application hole (502) spacing waited on deep broadcast application shovel (5) are 4-6cm, the horizontal stroke of every group of broadcast application hole (502)
It is 8-12cm to distribution, the wheat planting method based on said structure wheat rotary tillage fertilizer applicator comprises the following steps：
A, rotary tillage and fertilising
All fertilizer application spades in rotary tillage, fertigation unit are carried out to soil plough horizon by the rotary tillage unit (3) of wheat rotary tillage fertilizer applicator
Applied fertilizer and form the fertilization area that one group of horizontal spacing is 8-15cm, fertilization area includes the deep layer that 15-30cm is deep, 4-6cm is wide
Fertilising is with (6) and is distributed in the topsoil fertilising band (7) that its both sides 7-15cm is deep, 8-12cm is wide, and rotary tillage unit (3) direction of rotation is
Upper end is rotated forward, and rearward top is dished out and is covered in fertilization area upper end for the soil of its rotary tillage；
B, sowing
Wheat seed is sowed in the topsoil fertilising band (7) of fertilization area using wheat seeder, formation is separated by broadcasting for 8-15cm
Group is planted, each sowing group includes two seeding belts (9) for being separated by 4-6cm, and seeding belt (9) width is 8-12cm；
C, suppression
Suppression operation is carried out to soil surface after planting using pressing machine.
2. a kind of significant wheat planting method of fertilizer effect according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described wheat
In rotary tillage ferti machine, breast boards (10) is provided with fertigation unit rear end, breast boards (10) upper end is fixed in frame (1), under
End is tilted backwards, and the angle of horizontal plane is 50-80 degree where breast boards (10) and frame (1) lower end, the breast boards (10) with
The distance of fertigation unit in the horizontal direction is not more than in 20cm, described step A, the soil after rotary tillage unit (3) rotary tillage to
Rear top is dished out, and breast boards (10) is stopped to the soil dished out and it is covered in fertilization area upper end.
3. a kind of significant wheat planting method of fertilizer effect according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described earth-retaining
Plate (10) is 15cm with the distance of fertigation unit in the horizontal direction.
4. a kind of significant wheat planting method of fertilizer effect according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described fertilising
Unit is 10cm with the distance of rotary tillage unit (3) in the horizontal direction.
5. a kind of significant wheat planting method of fertilizer effect according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described fertilising
Shovel spacing is 10cm, and two groups of broadcast application hole (502) spacing waiting on deep broadcast application shovel (5) are 5cm, every group of broadcast application hole (502)
Cross direction profiles scope is 10cm, and the working depth of fertilizer applying hole (402) is 20-30cm, and the working depth of broadcast application hole (502) is 9cm；
In described step A, fertilization area horizontal spacing is 10cm, fertilization area include the subsoil application band (6) that 20-30cm is deep, 5cm is wide and
It is distributed in the topsoil fertilising band (7) that its both sides 9cm is deep, 10cm is wide；In described step B, sowing group spacing is 10cm, Mei Gebo
Planting group includes two seeding belts for being separated by 5cm (9), and seeding belt (9) width is 10cm.
6. a kind of significant wheat planting method of fertilizer effect according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described fertilising
Hole (402) outer end, which is provided with, leads fertile device (403), and the fertile device (403) of leading is shell structure that both sides are bent downwards and is
Lower end is tilted backwards, and its cross section is inverted V-shape, all fertilizer applying holes (402) it is corresponding it is all lead fertile device (403) be in by
The arrangement form that top to bottm width is gradually reduced, and all length for leading fertile device (403) are gradually reduced, described step A
In, subsoil application band (6) is component layers fertilising band.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710318671.6A CN106982638A (en) | 2017-05-08 | 2017-05-08 | A kind of significant wheat planting method of fertilizer effect |
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| CN201710318671.6A CN106982638A (en) | 2017-05-08 | 2017-05-08 | A kind of significant wheat planting method of fertilizer effect |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108521899A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-14 | 高源� | A kind of high low row plantation working rig |
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| CN108521899A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-14 | 高源� | A kind of high low row plantation working rig |
| CN108521899B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2024-02-27 | 高源� | High-low row planting operation machine |
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