CN106979666A - 甲烷提纯装置 - Google Patents

甲烷提纯装置 Download PDF

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CN106979666A
CN106979666A CN201710257959.7A CN201710257959A CN106979666A CN 106979666 A CN106979666 A CN 106979666A CN 201710257959 A CN201710257959 A CN 201710257959A CN 106979666 A CN106979666 A CN 106979666A
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gas
feeding pipe
liquid
methane
storage tank
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薛鲁
丁国元
雷青青
马昆
李莉
孙宁
黄岩岩
王朝
肖乾
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SUZHOU XINGLU AIR SEPARATION PLANT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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SUZHOU XINGLU AIR SEPARATION PLANT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
    • F25J3/0209—Natural gas or substitute natural gas
    • F25J3/0214—Liquefied natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/08—Separating gaseous impurities from gases or gaseous mixtures or from liquefied gases or liquefied gaseous mixtures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0233—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 1 carbon atom or more
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0238—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 2 carbon atoms or more
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0257—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/04—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a dual pressure main column system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/74—Refluxing the column with at least a part of the partially condensed overhead gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/30—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/90—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration
    • F25J2270/904—External refrigeration, e.g. conventional closed-loop mechanical refrigeration unit using Freon or NH3, unspecified external refrigeration by liquid or gaseous cryogen in an open loop

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种甲烷提纯装置，包括LNG储罐、进料管路、第一精馏塔、气液分离器、第二精馏塔。进料管路的首端与LNG储罐相连接并调节LNG储罐排出的液化天然气的温度以及气液比，进料管路经由换热器后分为并行的两路支路，其中一路支路上设置有用于将天然气气化到常温的气化器，两路支路合流后形成进料管路的终端。第一精馏塔与进料管路的终端相连接。气液分离器的进料口经由换热器而与第一精馏塔相连接，液体出口连接至第一精馏塔中。第二精馏塔经由换热器而与气液分离器的气体出口相连接，第二精馏塔的底部具有排出液体甲烷的产品出口。本发明通过设置两路支路而对精馏塔进料实现温度和气液比调节，能够控制精馏过程，提高提纯纯度。

Description

甲烷提纯装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于从液化天然气中提纯甲烷的甲烷提纯装置。
背景技术
现有的甲烷提纯装置通常将液化天然气直接送入精馏塔中进行精馏以获得液体甲烷，这种装置难以对精馏过程进行控制，从而影响到甲烷提纯的效率和提纯后的纯度。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种能够控制精馏过程、以提高提纯纯度的甲烷提纯装置。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种甲烷提纯装置，用于从液化天然气中提纯甲烷，所述甲烷提纯装置包括：
提供原料LNG的LNG储罐；
调节所述LNG储罐排出的液化天然气的温度以及气液比的进料管路；所述进料管路具有始端和终端，所述进料管路的始端与所述LNG储罐相连接，所述进料管路经由换热器后分为并行的两路支路，其中一路所述支路上设置有用于将天然气气化到常温的气化器，两路所述支路合流后形成所述进料管路的终端；
与所述进料管路的终端相连接，从而用于除去C2及以上烃类和水的第一精馏塔；
进料口经由所述换热器而与所述第一精馏塔相连接并用于进行气液分离的气液分离器；所述气液分离器具有气体出口和液体出口，所述液体出口连接至所述第一精馏塔中；
经由所述换热器而与所述气液分离器的气体出口相连接而用于除去氢气、氮气和氧气的第二精馏塔；所述第二精馏塔的底部具有排出液体甲烷的产品出口。
优选的，所述进料管路的两路所述支路上均设置有控制阀。
优选的，所述气化器为水浴式气化器。
优选的，所述第二精馏塔连接有为其提供作为冷源的液氮的液氮储罐，所述第二精馏塔的顶部连接有氮气放空管路，所述氮气放空管路经过所述换热器。
优选的，所述第一精馏塔的底部连接有废液排出管路。
由于上述技术方案运用，本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点：本发明通过设置两路支路而对精馏塔进料实现温度和气液比的调节，从而能够控制精馏过程，进而提高提纯纯度。
附图说明
附图1为本发明的甲烷提纯装置的示意图。
以上附图中：1、LNG储罐；2、进料管路；3、第一精馏塔；4、气液分离器；5、第二精馏塔；6、换热器；7、气化器；8、分馏塔；9、产品甲烷储罐；10、液氮储罐；11、控制阀。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图所示的实施例对本发明作进一步描述。
实施例一：如附图1所示，一种用于从液化天然气中提纯甲烷的甲烷提纯装置，包括LNG储罐1、进料管路2、第一精馏塔3、气液分离器4、第二精馏塔5以及换热器6。
LNG储罐1中储存有液化天然气从而能够提供原料LNG。进料管路2具有始端和终端，进料管路2的始端与LNG储罐1相连接，从而进料管路2用于调节LNG储罐1排出的液化天然气的温度以及气液比。具体的，进料管路2经由换热器6后分为并行的两路支路，两路支路上均设置有控制阀11，其中一路支路上设置有用于将天然气气化到常温的气化器7，该气化器7可以采用水浴式气化器。两路支路合流后形成进料管路2的终端。
第一精馏塔3与进料管路2的终端相连接，它用于除去C2及以上烃类和水。第一精馏塔3的底部连接有废液排出管路，可以连接废液储罐。
气液分离器4用于进行气液分离，它的进料口经由换热器6而与第一精馏塔3相连接。该气液分离器4具有气体出口和液体出口，液体出口连接至第一精馏塔3的上部。
第二精馏塔5经由换热器6而与气液分离器4的气体出口相连接而用于除去氢气、氮气和氧气。第二精馏塔5的底部具有排出液体甲烷的产品出口，可以连接产品甲烷储罐9。第二精馏塔5还连接有为其提供作为冷源的液氮的液氮储罐10，第二精馏塔5的顶部连接有氮气放空管路，氮气放空管路经过换热器6。
上述换热器6、气液分离器4、第一精馏塔3、第二精馏塔5构成分馏塔8，且第一精馏塔3和第二精馏塔5可以置于冷箱中。原料LNG通过该甲烷提纯装置后，将LNG中甲烷以外的杂质去除，使产品中的甲烷纯度提高到99.999%以上。
采用上述甲烷提纯装置的工艺流程如下：该装置是采用低温精馏法提纯LNG的技术，首先将LNG储罐1排出的液化天然气进入换热器6中升温到一定温度后分为两股，一股通入水浴式气化器7将天然气气化到常温，与另一股升温的液化天然气混合，温度压力控制在流程所需的参数，从而可以方便地控制精馏过程，实现温度和气液比的调节。混合后的天然气进入第一精馏塔3进行精馏而除去C2及以上烃类和水，由第一精馏塔3顶部输出的经第一次精馏后的天然气冷却后进入气液分离器4，液相送回到第一精馏塔3中，气相则进入第二精馏塔5再次精馏而出去H2、N2和O2，最后剩下纯度达到99.999%以上的高纯度液体CH4产品。由液氮储罐10提供液氮回灌到第二精馏塔5中做设备冷源。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种甲烷提纯装置，用于从液化天然气中提纯甲烷，其特征在于：所述甲烷提纯装置包括：
提供原料LNG的LNG储罐；
调节所述LNG储罐排出的液化天然气的温度以及气液比的进料管路；所述进料管路具有始端和终端，所述进料管路的始端与所述LNG储罐相连接，所述进料管路经由换热器后分为并行的两路支路，其中一路所述支路上设置有用于将天然气气化到常温的气化器，两路所述支路合流后形成所述进料管路的终端；
与所述进料管路的终端相连接，从而用于除去C2及以上烃类和水的第一精馏塔；
进料口经由所述换热器而与所述第一精馏塔相连接并用于进行气液分离的气液分离器；所述气液分离器具有气体出口和液体出口，所述液体出口连接至所述第一精馏塔中；
经由所述换热器而与所述气液分离器的气体出口相连接而用于除去氢气、氮气和氧气的第二精馏塔；所述第二精馏塔的底部具有排出液体甲烷的产品出口。
2.根据权利要求1所述的甲烷提纯装置，其特征在于：所述进料管路的两路所述支路上均设置有控制阀。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的甲烷提纯装置，其特征在于：所述气化器为水浴式气化器。
4.根据权利要求1所述的甲烷提纯装置，其特征在于：所述第二精馏塔连接有为其提供作为冷源的液氮的液氮储罐，所述第二精馏塔的顶部连接有氮气放空管路，所述氮气放空管路经过所述换热器。
5.根据权利要求1所述的甲烷提纯装置，其特征在于：所述第一精馏塔的底部连接有废液排出管路。
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114440552A (zh) * 2022-01-28 2022-05-06 连云港液空深冷工程有限公司 一种利用液化天然气进行高纯甲烷提取液化的方法

Citations (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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