CN106966962A - 一种探针及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种探针及其制备方法和应用，所述探针是以4‑溴苯甲醛、2‑乙酰吡啶、4‑吡啶乙烯和溴代烷烃、氨水、乙酸钯、三苯膦、三乙胺和二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)原料，混合搅拌、然后回流，在室温下搅拌1小时，得沉淀过滤，在乙酸中进行重结晶，得反应物；将反应物取出进行冷却至室温，产生沉淀，过滤后得到固体，然后将固体烘干制得。本发明具有能对溶液中Zn2+浓度进行定量分析，定量分析浓度低，且抗干扰能力强，操作简单，结果可视，分析简便的特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种探针及其制备方法和应用，特别是一种荧光探针及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
金属及其相关离子引起的污染问题是一个严重的环境和社会问题。特别是重金属离子，进入环境后不易快速分解以致可以长期残留于环境中；而且进入人体后严重的威胁着人的健康。如锌离子，它是含量第二位的过渡金属离子，在很多生理过程，如结构和催化因子，信号传输和调节，基因表达调节和细胞凋亡，都起着重要的作用。研究表明，锌离子代谢过程失调和很多严重的神经性疾病紧密相关，如阿尔茨海默氏症，肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症，帕金森病，缺氧缺血，癫痫病。所以，无论在生物体系还是自然环境中，定量的、选择性的检测锌离子变得十分必要。
设计合成对Zn2+具有选择性的荧光探针，同时可实现对Zn2+的可视法检测,这样高效精确的检测方法在环境、医学和生物学领域都有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种探针及其制备方法和应用。本发明具有能对溶液中Zn2+浓度进行定量分析，定量分析浓度低，且抗干扰能力强，操作简单，结果可视，分析简便的特点。
本发明的技术方案：一种探针，所述探针的分子式为：C40H45N4；结构式如附图1所示。
一种前述的探针的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)以4-溴苯甲醛、2-乙酰吡啶、4-吡啶乙烯和溴代烷烃、氨水、乙酸钯、三苯膦、三乙胺和二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)原料，在0～5℃搅拌1～3小时，回流18～24小时，在室温下搅拌30～60分钟，得沉淀过滤，在乙酸中进行重结晶，得反应物；
(2)将步骤(1)的反应物取出进行冷却至室温，产生沉淀，过滤后得到固体，然后将固体烘干得探针。
(3)将探针A溶解于二甲基亚砜(DMSO)，得试剂。
前述的探针的制备方法，所述步骤(1)中，是以4-溴苯甲醛、2-乙酰吡啶、4-吡啶乙烯和溴代烷烃、氨水、乙酸钯、三苯膦、三乙胺和二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)原料，在3℃搅拌2小时，回流22小时，在室温下搅拌45分钟，得沉淀过滤，在乙酸中进行重结晶，得反应物。
一种前述的探针在选择识别Zn2+中的应用。
前述的探针在选择识别Zn2+中的应用，所述识别的方法是将探针溶解于二甲基亚砜(DMSO)，制得荧光试剂，然后向试剂中滴入待识别样品，得样品溶液，对样品溶液进行荧光激发并测试分析荧光激发的荧光波长即可。
前述的探针在选择识别Zn2+中的应用，所述荧光激发的激发波长为351nm，当加入待识别样品并识别到Zn2+时，试剂的荧光最大发射波长由530nm蓝移至448nm。
前述的探针在选择识别Zn2+中的应用，所述荧光试剂中探针的浓度为1.00×10- 5mol·L-1。
本发明的有益效果：
1、本发明用于中性的水溶液中Zn2+的定量分析，定量分析的线性浓度最低值为1.0×10-7mol·L-1。
2、其它共存常见的阴阳离子不干扰测定。
3、本发明操作简单，测试结果可视，分析更直接。
为进一步说明本发明的有益效果，发明人做了如下实验：
一、定性分析测试
1、在浓度范围为10-6～10-4mol/L的荧光探针水溶液中，当激发波长为351nm时，荧光探针的最大发射波长是530nm,当荧光探针水溶液中存在Zn2+混合物时，荧光探针的最大发射波长从530nm蓝移至448nm表现为蓝色荧光；
二、定量分析测试
1、荧光探针溶液的配制方法,称取5.8毫克的探针，用DMSO溶解，配制成1.0mL，浓度为1.0×10-2mol·L-1，取1个100.0mL容量瓶，将配置好的固体倒入容量内，用二次水稀释到刻度线，得到浓度为1.00×10-4mol·L-1的探针，得探针溶液。
2、称取优级纯的各阴离子的盐配制成100mL的水溶液，阴离子浓度为10-2mol/L。根据需要用二次水逐级稀释；称取优级纯的氯离子的盐配制成100mL的水溶液，阳离子浓度为10-2mol/L。根据需要用二次水逐级稀释；
3、分别取5个10.0mL容量瓶中分别加入荧光探针1.00×10-4mol·L-1标准液1.0mL，分别加入1.00×10-4mol·L-1,0,0.2,0.5,1,2毫升的Zn2+稀释至刻度摇匀，室温放置5分钟；
4、引入荧光光谱进行测定，激发波长351nm。
5、以Zn2+浓度为横坐标，荧光强度为纵坐标，得到工作曲线。
6、样品测定，取10.0mL容量瓶，加入探针浓度为1.00×10-4mol·L-11.0mL，加入Zn2 +溶液，稀释至刻度，室温放置5分钟，引入3.0cm的石英比色皿进行荧光测定，根据荧光强度在工作曲线上查出样品浓度。检测识别的最低浓度值为1.0×10-7mol·L-1。
三、其他阳离子荧光激发对比实验
分别配制阳离子浓度为1.00×10-2mol·L-1的且只含Mg2+、Ba2+、Al3+、K+、Ca2+、Mn2+、Na+、Hg2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、Pb2+、Fe3+、Fe2+的水溶液，将水溶液分别利用本发明的方法(激发波长351nm)进行识别，结果如附图2所示，只有在识别Zn2+的时，荧光从530nm蓝移448nm处，而且在365nm紫外光灯照射下发出蓝色荧光。
四、抗干扰试验
在探针浓度为1.00×10-5mol·L-1试剂中，加入Zn2+后荧光发生蓝移。再分别向A-Zn2+混合溶液中加入其他阳离子Mg2+、Ba2+、Al3+、K+、Ca2+、Mn2+、Na+、Hg2+、Cu2+、Pb2+、Fe3+、Fe2+的荧光变化，如图3和图4所示，结果表明荧光试剂检测Zn2+时不受其它阳离子影响。
附图说明
图1为探针的结构式；
图2为荧光探针(1.00×10-5mol·L-1)在不同阳离子Mg2+、Ba2+、Al3+、K+、Ca2+、Mn2+、Na+、Hg2+、Cu2+、Pb2+、Fe3+、Fe2+存在下的荧光光谱；
图3为共存阳离子对试剂荧光法Zn2+的影响；
图4为不同浓度的Zn2+对探针的荧光滴定光谱图；
图5为探针对识别Zn2+最低检测限；
图6为探针的核磁谱图。
具体实施方式
实施例1：一种探针，所述探针的分子式为：C40H45N4，探针的结构式如附图1所示；核磁图谱如附图6所示。
实施例2：一种实施例1所述的探针的制备方法，其步骤如下：
(1)以4-溴苯甲醛、2-乙酰吡啶、4-吡啶乙烯和溴代烷烃、氨水、乙酸钯、三苯膦、三乙胺和二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)原料，在3℃搅拌2小时，回流22小时，在室温下搅拌45分钟，得沉淀过滤，在乙酸中进行重结晶，得反应物；
(2)将步骤(1)的反应物取出进行冷却至室温，产生沉淀，过滤后得到固体，然后将固体烘干得探针。
实施例3：一种实施例1所述的探针的制备方法，其步骤如下：
(1)以4-溴苯甲醛、2-乙酰吡啶、4-吡啶乙烯和溴代烷烃、氨水、乙酸钯、三苯膦、三乙胺和二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)原料，在0℃搅拌3小时，回流18小时，在室温下搅拌30分钟，得沉淀过滤，在乙酸中进行重结晶，得反应物；
(2)将步骤(1)的反应物取出进行冷却至室温，产生沉淀，过滤后得到固体，然后将固体烘干得探针。
实施例4：一种实施例1所述的探针的制备方法，其步骤如下：
(1)以4-溴苯甲醛、2-乙酰吡啶、4-吡啶乙烯和溴代烷烃、氨水、乙酸钯、三苯膦、三乙胺和二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)原料，在5℃搅拌1小时，回流24小时，在室温下搅拌60分钟，得沉淀过滤，在乙酸中进行重结晶，得反应物；
(2)将步骤(1)的反应物取出进行冷却至室温，产生沉淀，过滤后得到固体，然后将固体烘干得探针。
实施例5：一种上述探针在选择识别Zn2+中的应用，是将探针溶解于二甲基亚砜(DMSO)，制得浓度为1.00×10-5mol·L-1的试剂，然后向所述试剂中滴入待识别样品，得样品溶液，对样品溶液以激发波长为351nm的激光进行荧光激发并测试分析荧光激发的荧光波长，当加入待识别样品并识别到Zn2+时，试剂的荧光最大发射波长由530nm蓝移至448nm时，即证明识别到Zn2+。
Claims (7)
1.一种探针，其特征在于：所述探针的分子式为：C40H45N4；结构式为：
2.一种根据权利要求1所述的探针的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
(1)以4-溴苯甲醛、2-乙酰吡啶、4-吡啶乙烯和溴代烷烃、氨水、乙酸钯、三苯膦、三乙胺和二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)原料，在0～5℃搅拌1～3小时，回流18～24小时，在室温下搅拌30～60分钟，得沉淀过滤，在乙酸中进行重结晶，得反应物；
(2)将步骤(1)的反应物取出进行冷却至室温，产生沉淀，过滤后得到固体，然后将固体烘干得探针。
(3)将探针A溶解于二甲基亚砜(DMSO)，得试剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的探针的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤(1)中，是以4-溴苯甲醛、2-乙酰吡啶、4-吡啶乙烯和溴代烷烃、氨水、乙酸钯、三苯膦、三乙胺和二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)原料，在3℃搅拌2小时，回流22小时，在室温下搅拌45分钟，得沉淀过滤，在乙酸中进行重结晶，得反应物。
4.一种根据权利要求1所述的探针在选择识别Zn2+中的应用。
5.根据权利要求4所述的探针在选择识别Zn2+中的应用，其特征在于：所述识别的方法是将探针溶解于二甲基亚砜(DMSO)，制得荧光试剂，然后向试剂中滴入待识别样品，得样品溶液，对样品溶液进行荧光激发并测试分析荧光激发的荧光波长即可。
6.根据权利要求5所述的探针在选择识别Zn2+中的应用，其特征在于：所述荧光激发的激发波长为351nm，当加入待识别样品并识别到Zn2+时，试剂的荧光最大发射波长由530nm蓝移至448nm。
7.根据权利要求5所述的探针在选择识别Zn2+中的应用，其特征在于：所述荧光试剂中探针的浓度为1.00×10-5mol·L-1。
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