CN110003095A - 具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN110003095A
CN110003095A CN201910191726.0A CN201910191726A CN110003095A CN 110003095 A CN110003095 A CN 110003095A CN 201910191726 A CN201910191726 A CN 201910191726A CN 110003095 A CN110003095 A CN 110003095A
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姜慧娥
李俊炜
唐丹妮
韩庆鑫
刘新华
杨保宏
孟卿君
郭凌华
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Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针及其制备方法和应用,将2,6‑二甲酰‑4‑甲基苯酚和2‑氨基吡啶按照1:2的物质的量之比反应,低成本制备出具有聚集态诱导发光(AIE)性质的荧光探针。在CH3CN‑H2O(95:5,v/v)的溶液中,本发明荧光探针具有激发态分子内质子转移(ESIPT)性质,高选择性、高灵敏性的检测Cd2+时,发射峰发生蓝移,荧光由黄色转变为蓝绿色。此外,本发明荧光探针成功应用于定量检测水溶液中的Cd2+

Description

具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明属于金属离子检测的荧光探针技术领域,具体涉及一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针,本发明还涉及该荧光探针的制备方法和应用。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的提高和环保意识、健康意识的日益增强,针对一些重金属如汞、铅、铜等的污染日益严重的问题,寻求一种快速、便捷和准确的检测不同重金属含量的手段变得十分重要。其中,镉(Cadmium)与氧、氯、硫等结合存在于自然界中,经过工农业生产后,以阳离子(Cd2+)的形式排放到自然界中造成环境污染。被Cd2+污染的水、食物和空气会通过消化系统和呼吸系统被人体吸收,并在体内不断富集。长期接触Cd2+,会引起“骨痛病”,对肾、肺、肝、睾丸、脑、骨骼及血液系统均可产生毒性,使人体的正常器官发生病变并诱发各种疾病,严重的可导致肺癌、前列腺癌及肾癌等。因此,如何有效的检测Cd2+,在生物化学、环境科学以及医学等方面都有着重大的意义。
迄今,对于重金属Cd2+的检测,人们已经发展出原子吸收光谱(AAS)、原子发射光谱(AES)、电感耦合等离子发射光谱(ICP)等检测方法,然而这些方法有许多不足之处,如样品需要预处理、检测价格昂贵、检测速度慢等,限制了在检测中的广泛应用。因此,迫切需要发展快速、准确、低成本并能选择性地分析检测的方法检测Cd2+。而荧光分析法的出现较好地满足以上几个要求,它具有灵敏度高、选择性好、仪器结构相对简单、价位低廉等特点,可以应用于金属离子的检测。
因此,本专利制备利用荧光分析法发展的荧光探针检测Cd2+。将2,6-二甲酰-4-甲基苯酚和2-氨基吡啶反应,低成本制备出具有聚集态诱导发光(AIE)性质的荧光探针,相对于传统的荧光生色团在高浓度下荧光会减弱甚至淬灭的现象,该探针在聚集状态下发光强度增强。同时,该荧光探针具有激发态分子内质子转移(ESIPT)性质,Stokes位移大、量子产率高。此外,该荧光探针成功应用于高选择性、高灵敏性的定性、定量检测水溶液中的Cd2+
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针,该探针能够高灵敏性、高选择性的检测Cd2+,检测过程中ESIPT效应被抑制而使发射波长发生蓝移。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针的制备方法和应用。
本发明所采用的第一种技术方案是,一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针,结构式如下:
本发明第一种技术方案的特点还在于,
该探针的合成路线如下:
本发明所采用的第二个技术方案是,一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤1,将2,6-二甲酰-4-甲基苯酚和2-氨基吡啶按照1:2的物质的量之比加入到圆底烧瓶,再向圆底烧瓶中加入甲醇,将圆底烧瓶置于油浴中,搅拌回流3~4h;
步骤2,将二氯甲烷和甲醇以5:1的体积比混合形成混合溶剂做展开剂,监测反应进行的程度,直至2,6-二甲酰-4-甲基苯酚和2-氨基吡啶的原料点消失即停止反应,冷却至室温,抽滤,即得淡黄色粉末产物。
本发明第二种技术方案的特点还在于,
在水含量为0-10%的CH3CN-H2O混合溶液中,荧光探针表现出AIE性质。
在CH3CN-H2O(95:5,v/v)的溶液中,荧光探针可以发生分子内质子转移,高选择性、高灵敏性的检测Cd2+时,发射峰发生蓝移,荧光由黄色转变为蓝绿色。
本发明的有益效果是,本发明制备的利用荧光分析法发展的荧光探针检测Cd2+。本发明的荧光探针具有聚集态诱导发光(AIE)性质,避免了荧光分子在高浓度下荧光减弱甚至淬灭的现象。本发明荧光探针具有激发态分子内质子转移(ESIPT)性质,检测Cd2+时发射峰发生蓝移,荧光由黄色转变为蓝绿色。此外,该荧光探针成功应用于高选择性定性、定量检测水溶液中的Cd2+。本发明提供的具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针的制备方法,该方法操作过程简单易行、产率高、成本低廉。
附图说明
图1是本发明Cd2+荧光探针在CH3CN和H2O不同比例的溶剂中的荧光光谱图;
图2是向本发明一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针中滴加不同浓度Cd2+时的紫外-可见吸收光谱图;
图3为Cd2+浓度在0~80μM的范围内时,本发明一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针在405nm处的吸光度与385nm处吸光度的比值(Abs405nm/Abs385nm)与Cd2+的浓度的线性关系图;
图4为本发明一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针在不同金属离子存在时对Cd2+的选择性检测的荧光光谱图;
图5为本发明一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针在不同金属离子存在时在365nm的紫外灯照射下的荧光照片;
图6为向本发明一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针中滴加不同浓度Cd2+时的荧光光谱图;
图7为Cd2+浓度在2~12μM的范围内时,本发明一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针在500nm处的荧光强度与Cd2+的浓度的线性关系图;
图8为在CH3CN-H2O(95:5,v/v)的溶液中,向本发明一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针中加入20μM的Cd2+时,365nm的紫外灯照射下的荧光照片。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。
本发明一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针,结构式如下:
该探针的合成路线如下:
本发明一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤1,将2,6-二甲酰-4-甲基苯酚和2-氨基吡啶按照1:2的物质的量之比加入到圆底烧瓶,再向圆底烧瓶中加入甲醇,将圆底烧瓶置于油浴中,搅拌回流3~4h;
步骤1中所述的2,6-二甲酰-4-甲基苯酚与甲醇的质量体积比为1g:50mL。
步骤1中所述油浴的温度为65℃。
步骤2,将二氯甲烷和甲醇以5:1的体积比混合形成混合溶剂做展开剂,监测反应进行的程度,直至2,6-二甲酰-4-甲基苯酚和2-氨基吡啶的原料点消失即停止反应,冷却至室温(25℃),抽滤,即得淡黄色粉末产物(一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针Probe 1)。
实施例1:荧光探针Probe 1的合成:
在100mL圆底烧瓶中依次加入2,6-二甲酰-4-甲基苯酚(0.164g,1.0mmol),2-氨基吡啶(0.216g,2.0mmol),然后加入25mL甲醇溶解。在65℃油浴中,用磁力搅拌器搅拌回流3~4h,以二氯甲烷和甲醇(5:1,V:V)为展开剂,用薄层色谱板检测反应进度,直至两个原料点消失即停止搅拌,将反应体系冷却至室温,抽滤,将得到的固体进行干燥,得到Probe 1(淡黄色固体粉末),0.296g,产率:86%。
实施例2:将实施例1中制备得到的荧光探针Probe 1进行核磁表征:
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.10(s,2H),11.79(s,2H),8.74(s,2H),7.90(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.58(s,2H),7.50-7.38(m,2H),7.03-6.93(m,4H),2.33(s,3H);13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6)δ164.70,159.06,154.89,146.92,134.01,130.68,128.62,128.36,119.82,119.04,117.31,115.72,19.94。
实施例3:不同水含量对Probe 1荧光性质的影响:
在不同含水量的CH3CN-H2O混合溶液中,以385nm为激发波长,在纯CH3CN溶液中,Probe 1在553nm处有最大发射峰,荧光强度较弱;当水的含量从0%上升至10%,随着CH3CN中水含量的增加,溶液的荧光强度逐渐增强,且有一定的红移(从553nm到563nm),如图1所示。由此说明Probe 1随着水含量的增加在溶液中开始聚集,表现出AIE特性。
实施例4:在CH3CN-H2O(95:5,v/v)的溶液中Cd2+浓度对Probe 1紫外-可见吸收光谱的影响:
在CH3CN-H2O(95:5,v/v)的溶液中,向0.1mM Probe 1的溶液中逐渐滴加Cd2+时,体系的紫外-可见吸收光谱如图2所示,随着Cd2+的不断加入,365nm处的吸收峰强度逐渐降低,而在405nm处出现一个新的吸收峰,并且吸收强度逐渐增强;同时在385nm处出现了一个等吸收点。紫外-可见吸收光谱中405nm处的吸光度与385nm处吸光度的比值(A405nm/A385nm)随Cd2+的浓度增大而不断增强。在Cd2+浓度为0.1mM时,A405nm/A385nm的吸光度的比值不再变化,达到饱和。当Cd2+的浓度在0~80μM的范围内时,A405nm/A385nm的比值与Cd2+的摩尔浓度呈良好的线性关系(R=0.994),说明利用紫外-可见吸收光谱,Probe 1可以定量检测0~80μM范围内的Cd2+,如图3所示。
实施例5:Probe 1对Cd2+的选择性检测:
向浓度为10μM Probe 1的CH3CN-H2O(95:5,v/v)溶液中分别加入50μM的Na+、K+、Cr3 +、Mn2+、Co2+、Ni2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、Ag+、Hg2+及Cd2+的金属盐溶液,立即用荧光光谱仪研究Probe 1对金属离子的选择性检测作用,测试结果如图4所示:当加入Cd2+时,Probe 1的荧光强度明显增强,并且发射峰的位置发生蓝移,即从560nm移动到500nm,并且在365nm的紫外灯照射下,荧光由黄色转变为蓝绿色,而加入其他金属离子,Mn2+、Co2+、Ni2+、Cu2+发生荧光猝灭,Hg2 +、Cr3+、Cu2+、Zn2+、Ag+、Hg2+、K+荧光基本无变化,如图5所示。由此可以证明,Probe 1在众多金属离子中可以高选择性、高灵敏性的检测Cd2+
实施例6:Probe 1和Probe 1中加Cd2+的量子产率:
Probe 1(10μM)在CH3CN-H2O(95:5,v/v)溶液中的绝对量子产率为7.46%;Probe 1(10μM)与20μM Cd2+形成的配合物在CH3CN-H2O(95:5,v/v)溶液中的绝对量子产率为21.6%。
实施例7:Probe 1对Cd2+的定性、定量检测:
向浓度为10μM的Probe 1的CH3CN-H2O(95:5,v/v)的溶液中逐渐滴加Cd2+时,检测荧光光谱变化,如图6所示,随着Cd2+的不断加入,Probe 1的发射峰从560nm蓝移到500nm,并且荧光强度不断增强;在365nm的紫外灯照射下,裸眼可直接观察到,加入20μM的Cd2+时,本发明的荧光探针体系的荧光由黄色变为蓝绿色,如图7所示,说明本发明的荧光探针Probe1可以定性检测Cd2+。当Cd2+浓度在2~12μM的范围内时,该体系的荧光强度与Cd2+的浓度呈良好的线性关系(R=0.995),如图8所示,其中检测限为1.5×10-7M,说明本发明的荧光探针Probe 1可以良好的定量检测Cd2+

Claims (6)

1.一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针,其特征在于:结构式如下:
2.如权利要求1所述的一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针,其特征在于:该探针的合成路线如下:
3.一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于:具体包括以下步骤:
步骤1,将2,6-二甲酰-4-甲基苯酚和2-氨基吡啶按照1:2的物质的量之比加入到圆底烧瓶,再向圆底烧瓶中加入甲醇,将圆底烧瓶置于油浴中,搅拌回流3~4h;
步骤2,将二氯甲烷和甲醇以5:1的体积比混合形成混合溶剂做展开剂,监测反应进行的程度,直至2,6-二甲酰-4-甲基苯酚和2-氨基吡啶的原料点消失即停止反应,冷却至室温,抽滤,即得淡黄色粉末产物。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针,其特征在于:在水含量为0-10%的CH3CN-H2O混合溶液中,所述荧光探针表现出AIE性质。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针,其特征在于:在CH3CN-H2O(95:5,v/v)的溶液中,所述荧光探针可以发生分子内质子转移,高选择性、高灵敏性的检测Cd2+时,发射峰发生蓝移,荧光由黄色转变为蓝绿色。
6.一种如权利要求1所述的一种具有AIE性质的Cd2+荧光探针的用途,其特征在于:在定量检测Cd2+的应用。
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CN112250674A (zh) * 2020-10-27 2021-01-22 山西大学 一种2,3-二氨基吩嗪衍生物及其合成方法和应用
CN113030056A (zh) * 2021-03-29 2021-06-25 郑州大学 一种利用聚集诱导发光分子检测重水含量的方法
CN113030056B (zh) * 2021-03-29 2023-04-18 郑州大学 一种利用聚集诱导发光分子检测重水含量的方法
CN114539140A (zh) * 2022-01-19 2022-05-27 陕西科技大学 具有aie性质的荧光纳米颗粒及其制备方法
CN114539140B (zh) * 2022-01-19 2024-03-01 陕西科技大学 一种aie纳米颗粒及可视化检测氨气贴纸的制备方法

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