CN106949797B - The moulding composite spherical energy-dissipating structure of impact for vertical holes explosion - Google Patents
The moulding composite spherical energy-dissipating structure of impact for vertical holes explosion Download PDFInfo
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- CN106949797B CN106949797B CN201710189621.2A CN201710189621A CN106949797B CN 106949797 B CN106949797 B CN 106949797B CN 201710189621 A CN201710189621 A CN 201710189621A CN 106949797 B CN106949797 B CN 106949797B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
- F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless
- F42D5/045—Detonation-wave absorbing or damping means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of moulding composite spherical energy-dissipating structure of the impact for vertical holes explosion, buffer layer including composite spherical energy dissipating seat and below composite spherical energy dissipating seat, composite spherical energy dissipating seat are rendered as " outer soft interior hard " or the double-layer structure of " outer hard interior soft " from outside to inside.Energy-dissipating structure of the present invention; under initial stage Impact Load in blasthole after explosive initiation; secondary plasticity occurs for composite spherical energy dissipating seat; it is in finally ellipsoid or concave shape stiffness bearer; the Explosive Energy reflection that major part is propagated into the following rock mass of bottom hole, while composite spherical energy dissipating seat and buffer layer absorb part explosion energy in deformation process, play and both rupture the above rock of foundation plane; the effect of protection hole bed rock stone again, can the existing horizontal presplit of partial alternative or smooth- blast parameeter.Simple installation of the present invention, can the existing horizontal presplit of partial alternative or smooth- blast parameeter, protective layer rock blasting suitable for the fields such as water conservancy and hydropower, nuclear power, traffic excavates.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of moulding composite spherical energy-dissipating structures of the impact for vertical holes explosion, are suitable for water conservancy water
Protective layer rock blasting in the fields such as electricity, nuclear power, traffic excavates.
Background technology
Basis of the batholith face as engineering works, excavation quality directly affect the stability and security of building thereon.
In rock blasting digging process, due to the effect of explosive load, while completion rock blasting is broken, inevitably to protecting
Rock mass is stayed to generate dynamic damage, construction quality is closely related to the excavation quality in batholith face.Therefore, there is an urgent need for conventional blasting method into
Row improves, and while ensureing quality, expeditiously completes the excavation to batholith.In order to reduce shadow of the blast action to basement rock
It rings, in the excavation forming process of the dam foundation and side slope riding track, the Chinese method for generally using reserved protective layer.In long-term work
In journey practice, a series of protective layer control excavation method is able to summarize and be formed.Common Protective layer of dam foundation excavation method has
Following four method：The small bench Delay between holes sequence of traditional protective layer layering Blasting Excavation method, bottom hole filling flexible cushion
Detonation, horizontal presplit auxiliary are with shallow bore hole heading blast method and the primary quick-fried horizontal smooth surface blasting procedure removed of protective layer.Protective layer point
Layer is excavated due to up to 3 layers of excavation in layers, and construction interference is big, and construction speed is slow and construction procedure is cumbersome, and " peeling layer by layer " is applied
Work method has increasingly been difficult to adapt to the requirement of engineering construction progress；The construction method of flexible cushion be not suitable with crack hair
It educates, the rock that brittleness is larger, therefore limits its use in many engineerings；Horizontal presplit method construction method is compared with the first technique
Upper advanced, parameter is also easy to determine, and work efficiency is high, and it is wider that small bench shallow bore hole is aided with horizontal presplit hole application range, to rock
Geological conditions require it is relatively low, all can be by the lateral aperture that first detonates under the conditions of most of lithology, then quick-fried small bench shallow blasting
Mode using the shock insulation of horizontal presplit seam, reflection stress wave and prevents the effect of crack propagation and is effectively reduced explosion pair
The vibration influence of foundation plane, and can effectively prevent explosion generation and the expansion of original crack, the destruction of level and extend to and build
Basal plane and reduction retain precracking following foundation plane the damage of rock mass, while can substantially mitigate the fettler of foundation plane
Make, but being drilled with for horizontal presplit blast hole needs vertical operation face, the scarfing cinder of the previous explosion in construction is caused to work and drill
Work construction interference is big, influences construction speed.The primary quick-fried horizontal smooth surface blasting procedure energy effective protection foundation plane rock removed of protective layer
Body and holding foundation plane are smooth but similar with presplitting method, and the scarfing cinder work and boring work construction interference of explosion are big, influence to apply
Work progress.
In recent years it proposes in vertical blasthole, changes stress wave activity direction using energy dissipating-energy-gathering device reflection in bottom hole
Method, achieve in test good demolition effect.However existing energy dissipating-cumulative structure be in circular cone or oblique truncated cone-shaped,
It is influenced by existing execution conditions, the hole wall of the formation that drills is not smooth, when placing energy dissipating-cumulative knot from top to bottom from aperture
Structure inevitably can cause card hole, construction efficiency extremely low with hole wall collision friction.In addition, after installation is complete, conical structure
Most situations are not horizontal, cause part Explosive stress wave that can be reflected down, and increase damage to bottom hole instead.Therefore, exist
While ensureing Blasting Excavation quality, installation requirement is reduced, improves construction speed, a kind of new energy-dissipating structure of design is changed
Into it is significant to promote it to promote the use of.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of moulding composite balls of impact for vertical holes explosion
Shape energy-dissipating structure, the energy-dissipating structure can be realized in vertical blasthole improves peace while controlling excavation quality of protective layer
Fill efficiency.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is specific as follows：
A kind of moulding composite spherical energy-dissipating structure of impact for vertical holes explosion, including composite spherical energy dissipating seat and be located at
Buffer layer below composite spherical energy dissipating seat, the composite spherical energy dissipating seat mainly by soft ectosphere and are wrapped in soft ectosphere
Hard in ball constitute, the centre of sphere of ball overlaps in soft ectosphere and hard, and the double-layer structure of " outer soft interior hard " is presented.
A diameter of Φ of the soft ectosphereOutside=ΦBlasthole(4~6mm), ball is a diameter of in the hard The soft ectosphere is made of plain concrete, and ball is using the high intensity coagulation for mixing iron sand in the hard
Soil or cast iron make.
The strong concrete of the incorporation iron sand includes cement, water, iron sand and high efficiency water reducing agent, wherein the ratio of mud is
0.24~0.28, the mass ratio of cement and iron sand is 1:(1.6~3.0), high efficiency water reducing agent quality be cement quality 1.0%~
2.0%, specific proportioning can be selected with concrete strength according to actual conditions.
The portland cement that above-mentioned cement selection intensity grade is 42.5 or more or the portland cement mixed with mixing material
Or other cement types；
The portland cement that above-mentioned cement preferred intensity grade is 52.5.
10~the 20cm of buffer layer thickness, cushioning layer material can be one or more in fine sand, rock powder, loose sand
Mixing.
The center line of the composite spherical energy dissipating seat is concordant with Blasting Excavation basal plane.
A kind of moulding composite spherical energy-dissipating structure of impact for vertical holes explosion, including composite spherical energy dissipating seat and be located at
Buffer layer below composite spherical energy dissipating seat, the composite spherical energy dissipating seat mainly by hard ectosphere and are wrapped in hard ectosphere
Soft interior ball constitute, the centre of sphere of hard ectosphere and soft interior ball overlaps, and the double-layer structure of " outer hard in soft " is presented.
A diameter of Φ of the hard ectosphereOutside=ΦBlasthole(4~6mm), the soft interior ball it is a diameter of The hard ectosphere is made of the strong concrete of incorporation iron sand, and the soft interior ball is by gas group
At sphere.
The strong concrete of the incorporation iron sand includes cement, water, iron sand and high efficiency water reducing agent, wherein the ratio of mud is
0.24~0.28, the mass ratio of cement and iron sand is 1:(1.6~3.0), high efficiency water reducing agent quality be cement quality 1.0%~
2.0%, specific proportioning can be selected with concrete strength according to actual conditions.
The portland cement that above-mentioned cement selection intensity grade is 42.5 or more or the portland cement mixed with mixing material
Or other cement types.
The portland cement that above-mentioned cement preferred intensity grade is 52.5.
10~the 20cm of buffer layer thickness, cushioning layer material can be one or more in fine sand, rock powder, loose sand
Mixing.
The center line of the composite spherical energy dissipating seat is concordant with Blasting Excavation basal plane.
The energy dissipating principle of energy-dissipating structure of the present invention：
For " outer soft interior hard " and " outer hard interior soft " structure, to enable composite spherical energy dissipating seat to be smoothly put into blasthole bottom
Portion reserves the gap of (4~6) mm between composite spherical energy dissipating seat and blasthole wall；Consider composite spherical energy dissipating holder structure after detonation
Percussion under be unlikely to be crushed completely, for energy dissipating seat to lose the effect of reflection stress wave, ball seat should have certain structure
Intensity selects high wave impedance concrete or cast iron with higher intensity.
After detonation, in energy dissipating seat and Air Interface transmission and reflection occur for stress wave first, for reflective portion stress wave：
For the composite spherical energy dissipating seat of " outer soft interior hard " structure, external " soft " property structure is easily obtained using engineering site
Plain concrete, internal " hard " property structure uses with the high wave impedance concrete of higher intensity or cast iron.External flexible structure exists
While being destroyed and be plastically deformed by Explosive stress wave, part energy is absorbed, external flexible structure is in spheroid shape at this time, thereon
Portion's shape curvature is less than undeformed spherical shape, changes the angle of stress wave reflection, the opposite reflection for reducing stress wave direction bottom hole,
Internal hard ball makes the structure play reflection due to can then limit composite spherical energy dissipating holder structure extent of the destruction with higher intensity
The effect of stress wave promotes top rock crushing, energy dissipating principle such as Fig. 7.
For the composite spherical energy dissipating seat of " outer hard interior soft " structure, Explosive stress wave can be by the top of composite spherical energy dissipating seat
Structure is destroyed, and since composite spherical energy dissipating seat center is sky, top disintegrating slag falls into empty region so that composite spherical energy dissipating seat
Middle height will be less than both sides, form funnel-shaped structure, upwards and oblique upper is reflected by stress wave, promote the broken of horizontal rock mass
It is broken, further enhance the protection to bottom hole, energy dissipating principle such as Fig. 8.
To transmiting the stress wave into energy dissipating seat：
Stress wave propagation is at bed course and energy-dissipating structure interface, due to the presence of high wave impedance material so that bed course
Wave impedance is less than the wave impedance of " outer soft interior hard " and " outer hard interior soft " energy-dissipating structure, and strong reflection occurs on the surface for stress wave,
Only smaller part of stress wave is transmitted with one or more flexible pads for being mixed into material in fine sand, rock powder, loose sand
Layer, course are significantly deformed the energy of the incident stress wave of further consumption and are compacted, and what is finally drastically weakened answers
Reeb penetrates flexible cushion, acts on bottom rock mass.Reflection and transmission constantly occur in energy-dissipating structure for final wave, and explosion causes
Stress wave energy-dissipating structure deformation with it is broken, and be transmitted to compacting and broken process of the stress wave of bed course in bed course
In be consumed, significantly reduce the energy for acting on blasthole bottom, play the role of that blasthole bottom is protected to retain rock mass.
No matter " outer soft interior hard ", still " outer hard in soft " structure, purpose is all to guide shock wave to the horizontal rock in both sides
Body avoids impact wave direction bottom hole from transmitting, to realize that bottom hole is protected.
The present invention due to using the technology described above, has the following advantages：
1, the inconvenience placed vertically, spherical point without positive reverse vertical, appearance are required compared to circular cone or oblique round platform-cylinder
It is more round and smooth, cursorily influenced by hole wall it is small, without clamp structure when installation, after waiting for that bed course is completed, directly by structure from
Blasthole aperture is thrown away, and ball seat greatly improves the convenience of installation, accelerate by the i.e. reachable blasthole bottom of dead weight
Construction speed.
2, compared to solid ball-type is used, for the present invention under the action of Explosive stress wave, spherical energy dissipating seat tool has can be secondary
The characteristics of plasticity, can play better stress wave launching effect.
3, spherical structure is compared to taper, top without wedge angle, can to avoid top explosive squeezing in dead weight and lower section wedge angle
Pressure generates self-destruction, improves safety.
4, it invents at low cost, easily operated；Making material is readily available in engineering, for preparing the mold of energy dissipating seat only
One key data of blasthole diameter is needed, is easy to make.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the vertical steel for shot figure of band " outer soft interior hard " energy-dissipating structure；
Fig. 2 is the vertical steel for shot figure of band " outer hard interior soft " energy-dissipating structure；
Fig. 3 is the blasthole bottom schematic view using " outer soft interior hard " energy-dissipating structure；
Fig. 4 is the blasthole bottom schematic view using " outer hard interior soft " energy-dissipating structure；
Fig. 5 is the blasthole bottom schematic three dimensional views using " outer soft interior hard " energy-dissipating structure；
Fig. 6 is the blasthole bottom schematic three dimensional views using " outer hard interior soft " energy-dissipating structure；
Fig. 7 is the energy dissipating schematic diagram of " outer soft interior hard " energy-dissipating structure in vertical blasthole；
Fig. 8 is the energy dissipating schematic diagram of " outer hard interior soft " energy-dissipating structure in vertical blasthole.
In attached drawing：1- blocks section, 2- explosives, 3- composite spherical energy dissipating seats, 4- buffer layers, 5- foundation planes, 6- incorporation iron sand
Strong concrete, 7- hollow balls, 8- plain concretes, 9- blasthole walls.
Specific implementation mode
It is right below by example, and in conjunction with attached drawing for the design feature and concrete operation step that the present invention will be described in detail
The present invention is described in further detail.
Example 1：
The batholith Blasting Excavation engineering of certain hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering needs the flatness for improving foundation plane.Using deep hole step
Explosion, vertical blasthole, bore diameter ΦBlasthole=90mm, batholith face is horizontal, drilling depth 10m, wherein ultra-deep 0.3m, blocks length
2m is spent, pitch of holes is 2.0~2.5m, using hole-bottom blast mode.
" outer soft interior hard " type hole bottom energy-dissipating structure using the present invention, specific implementation step are as follows：
Step 1：Prefabricated energy-dissipating structure,
According to design blasthole diameter, prefabricated energy-dissipating structure, planform is as shown in Fig. 3,5, size requirement：
ΦIt is interior=70mm, ΦOutside=84mm.
The material context of the cement, water, iron sand and the high efficiency water reducing agent that are possessed according to construction site makes strong concrete
With common plain concrete：It is cement that field test, which selects the maximum concrete proportioning of wave impedance (mass ratio),：Water：Iron sand：Efficiently
Water-reducing agent=1190：285.7：2916：11.9, cement uses strength grade for 42.5 portland cement, plain concrete use
42.5 rating cements.Interior ball pours into strong concrete, and ectosphere pours into common plain concrete, and after conserving 10d, tensile strength reaches
18MPa, compression strength reach 85Mpa, and longitudinal wave velocity reaches 4.4Km/s or more, carries out in next step.
Step 2：Vertical blasthole, control hole bottom elevation and bore diameter are bored,
Manual cleaning is carried out to blasthole region first, high-pressure air hose is used in combination to blow face.Hole-specifically setting-out is carried out to blasthole, point is used
Red paint does apparent mark.It is designed in strict accordance with explosion in quick-fried area and carries out blasthole cloth hole, and to the aperture elevation of each blasthole
The measurement of the level is carried out, the pore depth being actually needed according to actual openings grid DEM.
To carrying out bore operation after cloth hole accuracy checking qualification, after pore-creating, the actual grade of drilling is measured, according to brill
Hole depth and inclination angle are filled with thickness calculate the fluffing of moulding sand or tiny rubble, and the fluffing of moulding sand of suitable thickness or tiny broken is filled out in blasthole bottom
Stone grain makes all blasthole bottoms be in same elevation.Steel for shot is as shown in Figure 1.
Step 3：The placement of energy-dissipating structure,
It is put into blasthole from aperture by energy-dissipating structure, so that it is freely slid into blasthole bottom by dead weight.
Step 4：Powder charge is blocked and is detonated,
After energy-dissipating structure places, continue to fill diameter of phi 70mm powder sticks into blasthole, until powder charge completion, then with broken sand
Stone blocks blasthole mouth, plug depth 2m.Finally after confirming entire initiation net safety, pass through the dress in cap sensitive blasthole
Medicine.
Step 5：Demolition effect detects,
After explosion completion, dependency structure can be used and examine the fluctuating of the dam foundation poor, sound wave can be utilized to examine single blasthole
Geodesic structure measures the lesion depths of blasthole bottom.The explosion of energy dissipating ball seat is not used to compare, energy dissipating ball using the present invention
The blast hole bottom damage of seat reduces 10%~20%.
Example 2：
The batholith Blasting Excavation engineering of certain hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering needs the flatness for improving foundation plane.Using deep hole step
Explosion, vertical blasthole, bore diameter ΦBlasthole=90mm, batholith face is horizontal, drilling depth 10m, wherein ultra-deep 0.3m, blocks length
2m is spent, pitch of holes is 2.0~2.5m, using hole-bottom blast mode.
" outer hard interior soft " type hole bottom energy-dissipating structure using the present invention, specific implementation step are as follows：
Step 1：Prefabricated energy-dissipating structure,
According to design blasthole diameter, prefabricated energy-dissipating structure, planform is as shown in Fig. 4,6, size requirement：
ΦIt is interior=15mm, ΦOutside=84mm.
The material context of the cement, water, iron sand and the high efficiency water reducing agent that are possessed according to construction site makes high intensity coagulation
Soil：It is cement that field test, which selects the maximum concrete proportioning of wave impedance (mass ratio),：Water：Iron sand：High efficiency water reducing agent=1190：
285.7：2916：11.9, cement uses strength grade for 42.5 portland cement, and interior ball reserves hollow, and ectosphere pours into high-strength
Spend concrete, after conserving 10d, tensile strength reaches 18MPa, and compression strength reaches 85Mpa, longitudinal wave velocity reach 4.4Km/s with
On, it carries out in next step.
Step 2：Vertical blasthole, control hole bottom elevation and bore diameter are bored,
Manual cleaning is carried out to blasthole region first, high-pressure air hose is used in combination to blow face.Hole-specifically setting-out is carried out to blasthole, point is used
Red paint does apparent mark.It is designed in strict accordance with explosion in quick-fried area and carries out blasthole cloth hole, and to the aperture elevation of each blasthole
The measurement of the level is carried out, the pore depth being actually needed according to actual openings grid DEM.
To carrying out bore operation after cloth hole accuracy checking qualification, after pore-creating, the actual grade of drilling is measured, according to brill
Hole depth and inclination angle are filled with thickness calculate the fluffing of moulding sand or tiny rubble, and the fluffing of moulding sand of suitable thickness or tiny broken is filled out in blasthole bottom
Stone grain makes all blasthole bottoms be in same elevation.Steel for shot is as shown in Figure 2.
Step 3：The placement of energy-dissipating structure,
It is put into blasthole from aperture by energy-dissipating structure, so that it is freely slid into blasthole bottom by dead weight.
Step 4：Powder charge is blocked and is detonated,
After energy-dissipating structure places, continue to fill diameter of phi 70mm powder sticks into blasthole, until powder charge completion, then with broken sand
Stone blocks blasthole mouth, plug depth 2m.Finally after confirming entire initiation net safety, pass through the dress in cap sensitive blasthole
Medicine.
Step 5：Demolition effect detects,
After explosion completion, dependency structure can be used and examine the fluctuating of the dam foundation poor, sound wave can be utilized to examine single blasthole
Geodesic structure measures the lesion depths of blasthole bottom.The explosion of energy dissipating ball seat is not used to compare, energy dissipating ball using the present invention
The blast hole bottom damage of seat reduces 10%~20%.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of moulding composite spherical energy-dissipating structure of impact for vertical holes explosion, it is characterised in that：Disappear including composite spherical
Energy seat and the buffer layer below composite spherical energy dissipating seat, the composite spherical energy dissipating seat mainly by soft ectosphere and are wrapped in
Ball is constituted in hard in soft ectosphere, and the centre of sphere of ball overlaps in soft ectosphere and hard, and the double-deck knot of " outer soft interior hard " is presented
Structure.
2. being used for the moulding composite spherical energy-dissipating structure of impact of vertical holes explosion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
State a diameter of Φ of soft ectosphereOutside=ΦBlasthole(4~6mm), ball is a diameter of in the hardInstitute
It states soft ectosphere to be made of plain concrete, ball is made of the strong concrete or cast iron of incorporation iron sand in the hard.
3. being used for the moulding composite spherical energy-dissipating structure of impact of vertical holes explosion according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Institute
The strong concrete for stating incorporation iron sand includes cement, water, iron sand and high efficiency water reducing agent, wherein and the ratio of mud is 0.24~0.28,
The mass ratio of cement and iron sand is 1:(1.6~3.0), high efficiency water reducing agent quality are the 1.0%~2.0% of cement quality.
4. being used for the moulding composite spherical energy-dissipating structure of impact of vertical holes explosion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
10~the 20cm of buffer layer thickness stated, cushioning layer material can be one or more mixing in fine sand, rock powder, loose sand.
5. a kind of moulding composite spherical energy-dissipating structure of impact for vertical holes explosion, it is characterised in that：Disappear including composite spherical
Energy seat and the buffer layer below composite spherical energy dissipating seat, the composite spherical energy dissipating seat mainly by hard ectosphere and are wrapped in
The centre of sphere of soft interior ball composition in hard ectosphere, hard ectosphere and soft interior ball overlaps, and the double-deck knot of " outer hard interior soft " is presented
Structure.
6. being used for the moulding composite spherical energy-dissipating structure of impact of vertical holes explosion according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Institute
State a diameter of Φ of hard ectosphereOutside=ΦBlasthole(4~6mm), the soft interior ball it is a diameter ofInstitute
It states hard ectosphere to be made of the strong concrete of incorporation iron sand, the soft interior ball is the sphere being made of gas.
7. being used for the moulding composite spherical energy-dissipating structure of impact of vertical holes explosion according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Institute
The strong concrete for stating incorporation iron sand includes cement, water, iron sand and high efficiency water reducing agent, wherein and the ratio of mud is 0.24~0.28,
The mass ratio of cement and iron sand is 1:(1.6~3.0), high efficiency water reducing agent quality are the 1.0%~2.0% of cement quality.
8. being used for the moulding composite spherical energy-dissipating structure of impact of vertical holes explosion according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Institute
10~the 20cm of buffer layer thickness stated, cushioning layer material can be one or more mixing in fine sand, rock powder, loose sand.
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| CN109870086B (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-12-10 | 武汉大学 | High-wave-impedance directional sliding combined energy dissipation body suitable for rock foundation excavation molding |
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| CN114353611A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-04-15 | 武汉大学 | Blast hole bottom energy dissipation device |
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| CN115790302B (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-08-15 | 中铁四局集团第二工程有限公司 | Underwater blasting construction method for embedded open caisson deep water foundation |
| CN116007462A (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-04-25 | 武汉大学 | Hole bottom buffering energy dissipation method for underwater blasting |
| CN116123952B (en) * | 2023-03-03 | 2023-07-18 | 中铁四局集团第二工程有限公司 | Underwater blasting construction method for embedded open caisson deep water foundation |
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| WO2006035118A1 (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2006-04-06 | Sema | Device and method for protecting an elongated object against external blasting |
| CN103267455B (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2015-04-01 | 武汉大学 | Dam foundation one-step forming drilling blasting method by combining energy dissipation and energy collection of blast hole bottom |
| CN204085341U (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2015-01-07 | 广东梅雁吉祥水电股份有限公司 | Explosive blasting mounting structure |
| CN104215137A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2014-12-17 | 武汉大学 | Method for blasting and excavating dam foundation and rock foundation |
| CN104446168A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-03-25 | 武汉大学 | High-wave impedance concrete as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN106949797A (en) | 2017-07-14 |
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