CN109870086A - Molding high wave impedance orientation, which is excavated, suitable for rock foundation slides combination damping body - Google Patents
Molding high wave impedance orientation, which is excavated, suitable for rock foundation slides combination damping body Download PDFInfo
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- CN109870086A CN109870086A CN201910226829.6A CN201910226829A CN109870086A CN 109870086 A CN109870086 A CN 109870086A CN 201910226829 A CN201910226829 A CN 201910226829A CN 109870086 A CN109870086 A CN 109870086A
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- rotary table
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of suitable for the molding high wave impedance orientation landing combination damping body of rock foundation excavation characterized by comprising rotary table, bus is with bottom surface in 45 ° of angles；Hemisphere, upper surface are fixedly linked with rotary table bottom surface, and lower surface is arched upward into downwards hemispherical, and diameter is equal with the basal diameter of rotary table；And flat pneumatic cavity, it is formed in rotary table and hemisphere, is ellipsoid shape, using rotary table and hemispheroidal interface as the plane of symmetry, and length direction is the horizontal direction where the plane of symmetry, and short transverse is the vertical direction where rotary table and hemispheroidal axis.It is strong that damping body site operation provided by the invention can operate row, it constructs in combination with all kinds of vertical holes, and can be realized the fully reflective of Blasting shock wave, the side blasting for effectively increasing blasthole is broken, it avoids blasthole bottom from damaging, greatly improves foundation plane excavation construction efficiency and blasting quality；Excavation molding especially suitable for rock foundation face under the conditions of water bearing blasthole.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to engineering explosion technical fields, and in particular to one kind is suitable for rock foundation and excavates molding high wave resistance
Anti- orientation slides combination damping body.
Technical background
In hydroelectric project, the construction such as petrochemical industry base and nuclear power engineering, it will usually it faces a large amount of rock foundation and excavates, rock
Permanent loading end of the stone foundation face as engineering works, excavate Forming Quality will have a direct impact on upper building stabilization and
Safety.Drillhole blasting can generate some all as a kind of pledge excavation method rapidly and efficiently while completing blasting rock-broken
Such as blasting vibration and explosion damage negative effect, will certainly generate certain harm to the Forming Quality in rock foundation face, because
The excavation molding and quality control in this rock foundation face are always critical issue when carrying out drillhole blasting.In order to farthest
Damage of the explosive load to rock mass is retained is reduced, in the excavation forming process in rock foundation face, China's specification is commonly recommended
A kind of excavation method of reserved protective layer.In long-term excavation practice, a series of protective layer excavation method constantly occurs
And development, common protective layer excavation method is mainly include the following types: layering Blasting Excavation method, the quick-fried excavating load of horizon light, level
Presplitting excavating load and bottom hole set flexible cushion once quick-fried division, these methods suffered from protective layer excavation oneself advantage and
Shortcoming, the excavation good forming effect of stage excavation method but construction efficiency is low, horizon light is quick-fried and horizontal presplit excavating load
Excavation Forming Quality it is high but to need to be drilled with lateral aperture, speed of application slow, bottom hole set flexible cushion once quick-fried division due to being not required to
It is drilled with lateral aperture, therefore construction efficiency is high, but it is poor to excavate molding and Damage Coutrol effect.
It is directed to problem above, Chinese patent CN201310170450.0 discloses a kind of in blasthole bottom application taper
The blasting digging method of poly- energy-dissipating structure, Chinese patent CN201710189621.2 disclose a kind of for vertical holes explosion
Plasticity composite spherical energy-dissipating structure is impacted, both schemes arrange taper and spherical high wave impedance cushion block in bottom hole respectively,
For reflecting the energy of explosion wave, the explosion energy for being transmitted through bottom hole can be reduced to a certain degree, and then reduce hole bed rock
The lesion depths of body.But limited by construction condition, the hole wall for the formation that drills be not absolutely it is smooth, hole wall often has
Various rubbles and protrusion, when from aperture to bottom hole place taper energy-dissipating structure when, inevitably with hole wall CONTACT WITH FRICTION, often
The case where often will appear card hole, greatly affected its live operability；Also, bottom surface is basic after the installation of taper energy-dissipating structure
It is difficult to keep horizontality, Explosive stress wave is will lead to and emits downwards, aggravates bottom hole damage instead.The advantage of spherical energy-dissipating structure
It is to become sliding to roll, the contact area of reduction energy-dissipating structure and hole wall can be real when encountering hole wall protrusion and rubble
It now squeezes and slides, operation is extremely convenient when site operation and is not in card hole situation, but spherical energy-dissipating structure and explosion are rushed
The contact surface for hitting wave is spherical surface, to be weaker than taper energy-dissipating structure to the practical reflection effect of energy dissipation of explosion wave.In addition, for
Level of ground water is higher and blasthole in have the case where water, the explosion wave transmitted by energy-dissipating structure by water body it is possible to entered
It is mapped to protected basic rock mass.
Therefore, researching and designing one kind can improve live construction efficiency and reliability but also be obviously improved excavation molding effect
The orientation of fruit and bottom hole explosion Damage Coutrol slides damping body and is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
It is suitable for rock foundation in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides one kind and excavates molding high wave resistance
Anti- orientation slides combination damping body, and the damping body structure is simple, strong operability and to excavate molding control effect good, can be realized
The total reflection of explosion wave.
The present invention to achieve the goals above, uses following scheme:
The present invention provides a kind of suitable for the molding high wave impedance orientation landing combination damping body of rock foundation excavation, spy
Sign is, comprising: one kind is suitable for rock foundation and excavates molding high wave impedance orientation landing combination damping body, and feature exists
In, comprising: rotary table, bus and bottom surface are in 45 ° of angles；Hemisphere, upper surface are fixedly linked with rotary table bottom surface, and lower surface is encircleed downwards
It rises at hemispherical, diameter is equal with the basal diameter of rotary table；And flat pneumatic cavity, it is formed in rotary table and hemisphere, is
Ellipsoid shape, using rotary table and hemispheroidal interface as the plane of symmetry, and length direction is the level where the plane of symmetry
Direction, short transverse are the vertical direction where rotary table and hemispheroidal axis.
Preferably, the rock foundation provided by the present invention that is suitable for excavates molding high wave impedance orientation landing combination energy dissipating
Body can also have the following features: and set hemispheroidal diameter as ΦBall, then the diameter of flat pneumatic cavity in the horizontal plane
ΦIt is horizontal=ΦBall(10~15mm).
Preferably, the rock foundation provided by the present invention that is suitable for excavates molding high wave impedance orientation landing combination energy dissipating
Body can also have the following features: the diameter for setting the powder stick being arranged in blasthole as ΦPowder stick, flat pneumatic cavity is on vertical plane
DiameterAnd ΦIt is horizontal> ΦPowder stick。
Preferably, the rock foundation provided by the present invention that is suitable for excavates molding high wave impedance orientation landing combination energy dissipating
Body can also have the following features: the diameter for setting the blasthole for installing high wave impedance orientation landing combination damping body as ΦBlasthole, then
The basal diameter of rotary table is ΦBottom=ΦBlasthole(5~10mm), top surface diameter are
Preferably, the rock foundation provided by the present invention that is suitable for excavates molding high wave impedance orientation landing combination energy dissipating
Body, can also have the following features: rotary table and damaged antiknock material did not occurred and is made when hemisphere is all made of explosion, flat
It is air in inflating cavity.
Preferably, the rock foundation provided by the present invention that is suitable for excavates molding high wave impedance orientation landing combination energy dissipating
Body, can also have the following features: rotary table and hemisphere is made of cast iron.
Preferably, the rock foundation provided by the present invention that is suitable for excavates molding high wave impedance orientation landing combination energy dissipating
Body can also have the following features: in rotary table and hemisphere in addition to flat pneumatic cavity, and rest part is solid, rotary table
With the velocity of longitudinal wave c of hemispheroidal solid sectionpReach 4500m/s or more.
The action and effect of invention
High wave impedance orientation provided by the invention slides combination damping body due to being placed in blasthole with the above structure
In the process, it is to be contacted using the form and blasthole wall that roll, can be realized and slid with the extruding of blasthole wall, when avoiding falling
Card hole occurs；Also, after loading explosive, the frustum cone structure of the upper half can effectively avoid the damage of powder stick bottom；Further, in big gun
In hole after explosive initiation, the explosion wave for impinging perpendicularly on bottom hole can reach the top rotary table of damping body, rotary table top first
Planar structure can reflect by explosion wave incident vertically downward at the top of blasthole, and largely from incident quick-fried of frustum cone side
Fried shock wave, will be reflected into horizontally explosion wave by frustum cone side, make explosion impact energy to horizontal direction assemble with
Increase the broken of rotary table bottom surface top rock mass；Meanwhile internal flat pneumatic cavity, since length shaft size is different, and water
Equal, and wave impedance very little cavity in larger to size, it is thus possible to the fully reflective shock wave come through rotary table surface transmission,
It realizes " secondary reflection " to explosion wave, and then effectively hinders and prevent blast impulse wave direction bottom hole from propagating, to greatest extent
Ground reduces the explosion energy for being transmitted to blasthole bottom, and explosion wave is made to blasthole offside reflection, to play increasing as much as possible
The side blasting of big blasthole is broken, guarantees the multiple effects such as the excavation Forming Quality of foundation plane and control hole bottom lesion depths.
To sum up, high wave impedance orientation provided by the invention, which slides combination damping body site operation, can operate row by force, combinable
All kinds of vertical holes are constructed, and can be realized the fully reflective of Blasting shock wave, and the side blasting for effectively increasing blasthole is broken
It is broken, it avoids blasthole bottom from damaging, greatly improves foundation plane excavation construction efficiency and blasting quality；Especially suitable for water bearing blasthole item
The excavation molding in rock foundation face under part.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the perspective view that high wave impedance orientation slides combination damping body in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view that high wave impedance orientation slides combination damping body in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that the structural schematic diagram after powder stick is arranged in single blasthole in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of internal structure in the embodiment of the present invention after the completion of single blasthole construction；
Fig. 5 is the energy dissipating schematic diagram that high wave impedance orientation slides combination damping body in the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure, 10 slide combination damping body for high wave impedance orientation, and 11 be rotary table, and 12 be hemisphere, and 13 be flat pneumatic
Cavity, P are blasthole, and Y is powder stick, and H is buffer layer, and D is blocking section.
Specific embodiment
Molding high wave impedance orientation landing group is excavated to the rock foundation of the present invention that is suitable for below in conjunction with attached drawing
The specific embodiment for closing damping body is described in detail.
<embodiment>
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, it is suitable for rock foundation provided by the present embodiment and excavates molding high wave impedance orientation landing
Combining damping body 10 includes rotary table 11 (frustum of a cone), hemisphere 12 and flat pneumatic cavity 13.
The bus of rotary table 11 and bottom surface are in 45 ° of angles, the basal diameter Φ of rotary table 11Bottom=ΦBlasthole(5~10mm), top surface
Diameter isΦ in formulaBlastholeFor the diameter of blasthole P, ΦPowder stickFor the diameter of powder stick Y.
The bottom surface phase secure bond of the upper surface of hemisphere 12 and rotary table 11, hemispherical, diameter is arched upward into downwards in lower surface
ΦBallIt is equal with the basal diameter of rotary table 11, and hemisphere 12 and rotary table 11 are total to central axes.
Flat pneumatic cavity 13 is formed in inside rotary table 11 and hemisphere 12, is ellipsoid shape, with rotary table 11 and hemisphere
The interface of body 12 is as the plane of symmetry, and length direction is the horizontal direction where the plane of symmetry, and short transverse is rotary table 11
With the vertical direction where the axis of hemisphere 12.In order to the fully reflective blast impulse by being transmitted down at the top of rotary table 11
Wave, the diameter of phi of flat pneumatic cavity 13 in the horizontal planeIt is horizontal=ΦBall(10~15mm), the diameter on vertical planeAnd ΦIt is horizontal> ΦPowder stick.In the present embodiment, the hollow inside of flat pneumatic cavity 13 is full of air.Flat pneumatic
The center of cavity 13 is conllinear with the centre of sphere at the center of rotary table 11 and hemisphere 12.
In addition, in the present embodiment, rotary table 11 and hemisphere 12 are all made of with high wave impedance and when explosion does not occur
Damaged antiknock material is obtained in being integrally formed in the mold of respective shapes；Also, the solid section of rotary table 11 and hemisphere 12
Velocity of longitudinal wave cp4500m/s or more should all be reached.Specifically, it can be made of high wave impedance cast iron, it can also be using height
Wave impedance concrete for making (while being conserved under conditions of guaranteeing certain temperature and humidity).When using high wave impedance coagulation
When soil production, mold material can be cheap transparent plastic.
Based on the above structure, the whole center of gravity that high wave impedance orientation slides combination damping body 10 is located at rotary table 11 and hemisphere
The lower section of 12 interfaces, being conducive to high wave impedance orientation landing combination damping body 10 in this way, smoothly downslide is installed to by self weight
Position encounters hole wall rubble or protrusion occurs when high wave impedance orientation landing combination damping body 10 being avoided to slide at the top of by blasthole
Overturning and axis offset.
Below by taking specific Blasting Excavation engineering as an example, the construction that high wave impedance orientation slides combination damping body 10 is described in detail
Process:
In certain green petrochemical industry base ethylene unit basis Blasting Excavation engineering, strict control explosion is needed to damage and improve
The flatness of foundation plane.The foundation plane of each ethylene unit is horizontal base face, uses vertical holes explosion in live blast working,
Blasthole P diameter is ΦBlasthole=105mm, blasthole P depth is 3~7m, wherein over drilling depth is 20~30cm, and array pitch is 1.5 between hole
~3m, the detonation mode to be detonated using middle part.
Field regions topography is lower, around border on the sea, in addition rock cranny more develop, rich groundwater, lead to each big gun
Ponding is relatively deep in the P of hole, and water is the good medium for transmitting explosion energy, due to having the presence of water in blasthole P, thus has quite
The explosion energy of a part is passed to bottom hole, and the difficulty for excavating molding and Damage Coutrol is carried out using traditional blasting construction process
It is very big.Combination damping body 10, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, concrete construction method are slid using the high wave impedance orientation in the present embodiment
Are as follows:
Step 1: blasthole is drilled with, with level strict control bottom hole elevation
Suitable manual cleaning is carried out to quick-fried area surface first, then according to explosion design in steel for shot figure to blasthole
P carries out hole-specifically setting-out, carries out the measurement of higher degree using level to obtain pore depth required for each blasthole P, and with red paint
It is marked in the aperture of each blasthole P.
Pass through the vertical control point arranged in advance, strict control drilling depth, it is ensured that each blasthole P's in boring procedure
Pore-creating error is no more than 5cm.After pore-creating, the actual depth of each blasthole P is measured again, is filled out according to drilling depth to calculate
Slag depth, and fill out slag as buffer layer H, to ensure the bottom hole of each blasthole P same using the brill ash and rubble at scene
On elevation.
Step 2: placing combination damping body
High wave impedance is oriented into landing combination damping body 10 and is put into the aperture blasthole P, and it is allowed to slide by self gravity orientation
Drop down onto the bottom blasthole P；The interface for making high wave impedance orientation slide combination damping body 10 is overlapped as far as possible with foundation plane.
Step 3: powder charge detonation
It to the high wave impedance orientation in each blasthole P slides combination damping body 10 after the installation is completed, designs according to explosion
Charge constitution place powder stick Y to blasthole P and finish to powder charge, then with rubble and bore ash blocking and form blocking section D, in all big guns
After the completion of hole P powder charge and blocking all, network.Finally after confirming networking security, by cap sensitive blasthole P
Pack carries out rock blasting.
As shown in figure 5, the explosion wave for impinging perpendicularly on bottom hole can arrive first at rotary table during rock blasting
11, the top surface of rotary table 11 can be reflected by explosion wave incident vertically downward at the top of blasthole, and largely from 11 side of rotary table
Incident explosion wave will be horizontally explosion wave by 11 offside reflection of rotary table, and make explosion impact energy to level
Direction aggregation is to increase the broken of 11 bottom surface top rock mass of rotary table；Meanwhile internal flat pneumatic cavity 13 is due to major and minor axis ruler
Very little difference, and horizontal direction size is larger, and the air wave impedance very little in flat pneumatic cavity 13, it is thus possible to it is completely anti-
The shock wave come through 11 surface transmission of rotary table is penetrated, realizes " secondary reflection " to explosion wave, and then effectively hinder and prevent
Blast impulse wave direction bottom hole is propagated, and reduces the explosion energy for being transmitted to blasthole bottom to the maximum extent, and use up explosion wave
May more ground to blasthole offside reflection, avoid that bottom hole is caused to damage so that explosion wave can not be incident on by water body by
The basic rock mass of protection.
Above embodiments are only the illustration done to technical solution of the present invention.It is according to the present invention to be suitable for rock
The molding high wave impedance orientation landing combination damping body of stone foundation excavation is not merely defined in described in the embodiment above
Content, but be defined by the scope defined by the claims..Those skilled in the art of the invention are on the basis of the embodiment
On any modify or supplement or equivalence replacement done, all in claim range claimed of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. one kind, which is suitable for rock foundation, excavates molding high wave impedance orientation landing combination damping body characterized by comprising
Rotary table, bus and bottom surface are in 45 ° of angles；
Hemisphere, upper surface are fixedly linked with the rotary table bottom surface, and hemispherical, diameter and the rotary table are arched upward into downwards in lower surface
Basal diameter it is equal；And
Flat pneumatic cavity is formed in the rotary table and the hemisphere, is ellipsoid shape, with the rotary table and described half
The interface of sphere is as the plane of symmetry, and length direction is the horizontal direction where the plane of symmetry, and short transverse is the circle
Vertical direction where platform and the hemispheroidal axis.
2. the rock foundation according to claim 1 that is suitable for excavates molding high wave impedance orientation landing combination damping body,
It is characterized by:
Wherein, if the hemispheroidal diameter is ΦBall, then the diameter of phi of the flat pneumatic cavity in the horizontal planeIt is horizontal=ΦBall-
(10~15mm).
3. the rock foundation according to claim 2 that is suitable for excavates molding high wave impedance orientation landing combination damping body,
It is characterized by:
Wherein, if the diameter for the powder stick being arranged in blasthole is ΦPowder stick, diameter of the flat pneumatic cavity on vertical planeAnd ΦIt is horizontal> ΦPowder stick。
4. the rock foundation according to claim 3 that is suitable for excavates molding high wave impedance orientation landing combination damping body,
It is characterized by:
Wherein, if the diameter for the blasthole that the installation high wave impedance orientation slides combination damping body is ΦBlasthole, then the rotary table
Basal diameter is ΦBottom=ΦBlasthole(5~10mm), top surface diameter are
5. the rock foundation according to claim 1 that is suitable for excavates molding high wave impedance orientation landing combination damping body,
It is characterized by:
Wherein, damaged antiknock material does not occur when the rotary table and the hemisphere are all made of explosion to be made,
It is air in the flat pneumatic cavity.
6. the rock foundation according to claim 5 that is suitable for excavates molding high wave impedance orientation landing combination damping body,
It is characterized by:
Wherein, the rotary table and the hemisphere are made of cast iron.
7. the rock foundation according to claim 1 that is suitable for excavates molding high wave impedance orientation landing combination damping body,
It is characterized by:
Wherein, in the rotary table and the hemisphere in addition to the flat pneumatic cavity, rest part is solid, and solid
Partial velocity of longitudinal wave cpReach 4500m/s or more.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910226829.6A CN109870086B (en) | 2019-03-25 | 2019-03-25 | High-wave-impedance directional sliding combined energy dissipation body suitable for rock foundation excavation molding |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910226829.6A CN109870086B (en) | 2019-03-25 | 2019-03-25 | High-wave-impedance directional sliding combined energy dissipation body suitable for rock foundation excavation molding |
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| CN109870086B CN109870086B (en) | 2019-12-10 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110487683A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-22 | 四川大学 | Rock explosion crushing efficiency evaluation method based on grain shape |
| CN110823033A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-21 | 武汉大学 | Blasting excavation method based on centralized control of energy side above blast hole bottom |
| CN111102893A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-05 | 武汉大学 | Conical energy regulating and controlling device and curved surface foundation vertical hole blasting excavation method based on same |
| CN116007462A (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-04-25 | 武汉大学 | Hole bottom buffering energy dissipation method for underwater blasting |
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| CN104215137A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2014-12-17 | 武汉大学 | Method for blasting and excavating dam foundation and rock foundation |
| CN105135959A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-09 | 武汉大学 | Hole bottom air interval gathering-energy dissipating device and installing and using method thereof |
| CN106949797A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-07-14 | 武汉大学 | The moulding composite spherical energy-dissipating structure of impact for vertical holes explosion |
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| GB1319389A (en) * | 1970-10-23 | 1973-06-06 | Allied Chem | Gas-bag restraint system |
| CN103968721A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-08-06 | 武汉大学 | Hole bottom energy gathering and dissipating device suitable for inclined blast hole and capable of improving blasting excavation flatness of foundation surface |
| CN104215137A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2014-12-17 | 武汉大学 | Method for blasting and excavating dam foundation and rock foundation |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110487683A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-22 | 四川大学 | Rock explosion crushing efficiency evaluation method based on grain shape |
| CN110823033A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-21 | 武汉大学 | Blasting excavation method based on centralized control of energy side above blast hole bottom |
| CN110823033B (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-11-09 | 武汉大学 | Blasting excavation method based on centralized control of energy side above blast hole bottom |
| CN111102893A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-05 | 武汉大学 | Conical energy regulating and controlling device and curved surface foundation vertical hole blasting excavation method based on same |
| CN111102893B (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-12-01 | 武汉大学 | Conical energy regulating and controlling device and curved surface foundation vertical hole blasting excavation method based on same |
| CN116007462A (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-04-25 | 武汉大学 | Hole bottom buffering energy dissipation method for underwater blasting |
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