CN110030888A - The steel for shot method of deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting engineering method - Google Patents
The steel for shot method of deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting engineering method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110030888A CN110030888A CN201910306713.3A CN201910306713A CN110030888A CN 110030888 A CN110030888 A CN 110030888A CN 201910306713 A CN201910306713 A CN 201910306713A CN 110030888 A CN110030888 A CN 110030888A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Abstract
A kind of steel for shot method of deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting engineering method, the present invention is arranged by the way that slotting is crushed hole with the arrangement mode of equilateral triangle, then emptying aperture etc. is set in the centroid of triangle, effectively avoid Sidewall Surrounding Rock by the destruction of multiple blast disturbance, it allows quick-fried slag to stay in after quick-fried and does temporary support in well, prevent Sidewall Surrounding Rock from loosening and collapsing；Prevented also from Sidewall Surrounding Rock stress release excessively, pine is swollen and collapse, the problem at Cut Blasting in well technology is excavated in effective solution underground shaft onepull, and the present invention has the characteristics that easy to operate, demolition effect is good, is suitble to large-scale promotion and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for arranging of blasthole, and in particular to a kind of deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting onepull at
The steel for shot method of well engineering method.
Background technique
Known, there are mainly two types of methods, i.e. downlink construction method, uplink construction method for traditional Construction Technique of Shaft.Wherein
Downlink construction method, i.e. drilling from top to bottom explosion, discharge fume, get rid of the danger, slagging tap, modifying, supporting, measurement etc., so repeatedly follow repeatedly
Ring, stage excavation gradually downward, until digging through well.With this construction method, because of underground work faciostenosis, divulges information and be stranded
Difficult, lifting is frequently, operating condition is severe, work efficiency is low, and when meeting falling object or plate indicates nature of danger, underground operators are nowhere hidden,
Therefore the excavating shaft in fragmented rock body, belong to one of large labor intensity, the operation of safe Customers ' Legal Right.Since Sidewall Surrounding Rock clamps down on item
Part is determined that the explosion of the driving explosive payload of downlink construction method disturbs than more serious, in the feelings that rock is more broken rock convergence measure
Under condition, so that the borehole wall often occurs backbreaking or collapsing phenomenon, many difficulties are brought to subsequent construction.In addition, in circulation driving
Blast disturbance is repeated, the cumulative effect of neighbouring tunnel country rock also can not be ignored, it is further that it can lead to the rock mass being crushed
It loosens, the tunnel lining system structure already under the effect of country rock complex stress is made to make the matter worse.The brill of this construction method
Quick-fried operation, the also restriction by the supporting age of concrete in last circulation, cause construction period to lengthen, it is difficult to meet Construction of Silo
Progress demand.
The traditional excavation method of another kind of vertical shaft is uplink construction method, it be by cage or job platform from bottom to top
Carry out tunneling construction.This construction method, it all has in addition to not slagging tap in well manually, the shortcomings that downlink construction method, and
Risk is bigger.
Underground shaft construction has excavation difficulty high, security risk big, long construction period, production cost height etc. are a series of to ask
Topic, problem above directly affect national project construction, also perplex unit in charge of construction always.Therefore, how a kind of deep hole subregion is provided
The engineering method of triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting is just particularly important, and in deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting
Steel for shot method is key therein in engineering method, then how to provide a kind of deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting
The steel for shot method of engineering method is similarly important.
Summary of the invention
To overcome deficiency present in background technique, the present invention provides a kind of deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting onepulls
At the steel for shot method of well engineering method, the present invention is arranged by the way that slotting is crushed hole with the arrangement mode of equilateral triangle, then
Emptying aperture etc. is set in the centroid of triangle, effectively avoids Sidewall Surrounding Rock by the destruction of multiple blast disturbance, allows quick-fried slag after quick-fried
It stays in and does temporary support in well, prevent Sidewall Surrounding Rock from loosening and collapsing；It is excessive prevented also from Sidewall Surrounding Rock stress release, loose swollen
With collapsing, the problem at Cut Blasting in well technology is excavated in effective solution underground shaft onepull.
To realize that goal of the invention as described above, the present invention use technical solution as described below:
A kind of steel for shot method of deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting engineering method, the steel for shot method
Specifically comprise the following steps:
The first step, slotting crush hole and emptying aperture arrangement:
The center of vertical shaft selected first is slotting disintegrating area, and slotting is crushed hole and arranged with the arrangement mode of equilateral triangle,
Emptying aperture is set in the position of form center of equilateral triangle, slotting crushes hole and emptying aperture cooperates, after slotting crushes hole detonation, in slotting powder
Broken area forms a circular cavity contour with vertical shaft, provides the scope of freedom for the explosion that avalanche is crushed hole and quick-fried slag accommodates sky
Between；
Second step, avalanche are crushed hole arrangement:
It takes the next step, it is avalanche fracture area that shaft excavation edge line is arrived except slotting disintegrating area, and avalanche is arranged in avalanche fracture area
Broken hole, avalanche are crushed hole centered on central disintegrating area, form circumferentially be arranged in the outline excavation sideline of vertical shaft with by
Slotting crushes between the triangle web area of hole composition, and avalanche is crushed hole and is crushed the progress avalanche of avalanche fracture area rock；
Third step, pre- ceasma arrangement:
It takes the next step, pre- ceasma is arranged on the outline excavation sideline of vertical shaft, linear along outline excavation after pre- ceasma detonation
At precracking, excavation area rock mass in vertical shaft contour line is separated with the rock mass outside contour line.
The steel for shot method of the deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting engineering method, the slotting disintegrating area
Diameter be 75mm~250mm, wherein it is preferred that 80mm~150mm.
The steel for shot method of the deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting engineering method, the slotting crush hole
The arrangement spacing that two adjacent slottings crush hole when the arrangement mode of equilateral triangle arrangement is divided into a manner of the following two kinds:
A, under coupling charging blasting condition, adjacent triangulation network keyhole arranges distance computation formula are as follows:
In formula:
ψE is broken--- pitch of holes correction factor takes 1.45；
The speed of D --- detonation wave, m/s；
ρ0--- the density under explosive original state, kg/m3；
ρm--- the density of rock, kg/m3；
Cm--- the velocity of sound in rock, m/s；
rb--- blasthole radius, m；
A——
B --- it is lateral stress coefficient,
μd--- the dynamical possion ratio of rock, it is believed that μd=0.8 μ, μ are the quiet Poisson's ratio of rock；
α --- it is loading propagation damped expoential,μdFor the dynamical possion ratio of rock；
σcd--- rock dynamic compression strength, MPa；Dynamic compression strength σcd=8 σc；
B, under Uncoincided charge blasting condition, adjacent triangulation network keyhole arranges distance computation formula are as follows:
In formula:
ψE is broken--- pitch of holes correction factor takes 1.45；
The radial not coefficient of coup of κ --- column charge；
η --- column charge axial direction coefficient of charge
Pressure enhancement coefficient when n --- detonation product hits blasthole palisades, generally takes n=10；
The speed of D --- detonation wave, m/s；
ρ0--- the density under explosive original state, kg/m3；
rb--- blasthole radius, m；
A——
B --- it is lateral stress coefficient,
μd--- the dynamical possion ratio of rock, it is believed that μd=0.8 μ, μ are the quiet Poisson's ratio of rock；
α --- it is loading propagation damped expoential,μdFor the dynamical possion ratio of rock；
σcd--- rock dynamic compression strength, MPa；Dynamic compression strength σcd=8 σc；
It is 1.2~1.6 that wherein slotting, which crushes the radial not coefficient of coup κ of hole column charge, and axial coefficient of charge η is 1.
The steel for shot method of the deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting engineering method, the pre- ceasma arrangement
The calculation formula of two adjacent presplitting pitchs of holes when on the outline excavation sideline of vertical shaft are as follows:
In formula:
ψE is split--- pitch of holes correction factor takes 1.45；
ψE folding--- pitch of holes reduction coefficient takes 0.85；
The speed of D --- detonation wave, m/s；
ρ0--- the density under explosive original state, kg/m3；
rb--- blasthole radius, m；
The radial not coefficient of coup of κ --- column charge；
η --- column charge axial direction coefficient of charge；
Pressure enhancement coefficient when n --- detonation product hits blasthole palisades, generally takes n=10；
σtd--- Rock Under Uniaxial Compression moves tensile strength, MPa；
α --- Dynamic load of nuclear blast propagation attenuation index load in rock
A——
B --- it is lateral stress coefficient,
μd--- the dynamical possion ratio of rock, it is believed that μd=0.8 μ, μ are the quiet Poisson's ratio of rock；
Wherein column charge radial not coefficient of coup κ in presplitting hole is 1.8~3.0, and axial coefficient of charge η is 0.8~1.
The steel for shot method of the deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting engineering method, the pre- ceasma it is straight
Diameter is 50mm~210mm.
The steel for shot method of the deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting engineering method, the arrangement avalanche are broken
Two adjacent avalanches are crushed pitch of holes calculation formula when broken hole are as follows:
In formula:
γ --- spacing regulation coefficient is arranged for pack, takes 0.8.
Q --- explosive payload, kg；
H --- shaft height, m；
K --- the explosive consumption of unit volume rock, kg/m3
W --- minimum burden, kg/m3
The steel for shot method of the deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting engineering method, the breaking hole it is straight
Diameter is 75~250mm.
Using technical solution as described above, the present invention has superiority as described below:
The present invention is arranged by the way that slotting is crushed hole with the arrangement mode of equilateral triangle, then in the centroid of triangle
Emptying aperture etc. is set, effectively avoids Sidewall Surrounding Rock by the destruction of multiple blast disturbance, allows quick-fried slag to stay in well after quick-fried and do interim branch
Support body prevents Sidewall Surrounding Rock from loosening and collapsing；, loose swollen and collapsing excessive prevented also from Sidewall Surrounding Rock stress release, effective solution
The problem at Cut Blasting in well technology is excavated in underground shaft of having determined onepull, and the present invention has easy to operate, demolition effect
Good feature, is suitble to large-scale promotion and application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of steel for shot of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that slotting crushes hole and emptying aperture triangle network arrangements in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is another schematic diagram that slotting crushes hole and emptying aperture triangle network arrangements in the present invention；
Specific embodiment
The present invention can be explained in more detail by the following examples, the invention is not limited to the following examples；
A kind of steel for shot side of deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting engineering method in conjunction with described in attached drawing 1~3
Method, the steel for shot method specifically comprise the following steps:
The first step, slotting crush hole and emptying aperture arrangement:
The center of vertical shaft selected first is slotting disintegrating area, and slotting is crushed hole and arranged with the arrangement mode of equilateral triangle,
Serve and crush slotting, emptying aperture is set in the position of form center of equilateral triangle, it is specific as shown in Figure 1, slotting crushes hole and emptying aperture
Cooperation after slotting crushes hole detonation, forms a circular cavity contour with vertical shaft in slotting disintegrating area, is crushed hole for avalanche
Explosion the scope of freedom and quick-fried slag accommodation space are provided；
Wherein the diameter of the slotting disintegrating area is 75mm~250mm, wherein it is preferred that 80mm~150mm；
By having obtained adjacent to C-J detonation theory, rock impact wave, stress wave propagation theory and Mises criterion research
Explosion forms the rule between continuous pulverized zone and blasthole spacing, blast hole projectile filling under the conditions of deep hole column charge, proposes without limit
The maximum blasthole distance equation of continuous curshed zone is formed in rock under the conditions of adjacent deep hole coupling charging and non-coupled column charge,
Solves the key technical problem that the slotting in novel construction method shaft excavation crushes hole explosive payload and arrangement, the slotting crushes
The hole arrangement spacing that two adjacent slottings crush hole when the arrangement mode of equilateral triangle arrangement is divided into a manner of the following two kinds:
A, under coupling charging blasting condition, adjacent triangulation network keyhole arranges distance computation formula are as follows:
In formula:
ψE is broken--- pitch of holes correction factor takes 1.45；
The speed of D --- detonation wave, m/s；
ρ0--- the density under explosive original state, kg/m3；
ρm--- the density of rock, kg/m3；
Cm--- the velocity of sound in rock, m/s；
rb--- blasthole radius, m；
A——
B --- it is lateral stress coefficient,
μd--- the dynamical possion ratio of rock, it is believed that μd=0.8 μ, μ are the quiet Poisson's ratio of rock；
α --- it is loading propagation damped expoential,μdFor the dynamical possion ratio of rock；
σcd--- rock dynamic compression strength, MPa；Dynamic compression strength σcd=8 σc；
B, under Uncoincided charge blasting condition, adjacent triangulation network keyhole arranges distance computation formula are as follows:
In formula:
ψE is broken--- pitch of holes correction factor takes 1.45；
The radial not coefficient of coup of κ --- column charge；
η --- column charge axial direction coefficient of charge
Pressure enhancement coefficient when n --- detonation product hits blasthole palisades, generally takes n=10；
The speed of D --- detonation wave, m/s；
ρ0--- the density under explosive original state, kg/m3；
rb--- blasthole radius, m；
A——
B --- it is lateral stress coefficient,
μd--- the dynamical possion ratio of rock, it is believed that μd=0.8 μ, μ are the quiet Poisson's ratio of rock；
α --- it is loading propagation damped expoential,μdFor the dynamical possion ratio of rock；
σcd--- rock dynamic compression strength, MPa；Dynamic compression strength σcd=8 σc；
Slotting crushes the radial not coefficient of coup K of hole column charge and is generally 1.2~1.6 or so, rock higher for intensity
Layer, should not take large values.Axial coefficient of charge η, which is generally taken as 1, to be advisable, i.e., axial is coupling charging.
There are two the effects of emptying aperture: first is that crushing the rock slag under the explosion of hole for slotting provides compensation space, second is that being slotting
The explosion for crushing hole provides the scope of freedom.
For the rock blasting on no scope of freedom, explosion space is restrained, and the rock mass that explosion destroys is compressed in limited
To form rock again in space, by quick-fried rock mass, once secondary diagenesis, expression explosion fail.Avoiding the key of secondary diagenesis is
In blasting process enough expansion spaces can be provided for the broken of rock.
Ensure that minimum compensation space necessary to avoiding secondary diagenesis is that the broken swelling volume of rock blasting subtracts rock
Volume when stone is unbroken.Wherein determine that the broken swelling volume of rock blasting is relatively difficult, because rock blasting is broken
Swelling volume after broken is not the quick-fried loose volume fallen after simple catalase, though and it is obtained after referring to catalase
The volume for expanding but centainly being squeezed, on the one hand it is freely loose, another aspect that this extruding force ensures fractured rock not
Ensure that fractured rock can be thrown out under the effect of this extruding force by detonation gas again.In conjunction with the engineering experience of many years, and
After live test of many times, the broken swelling volume V of rock blasting is determinedIt is brokenSize are as follows:
VIt is broken=γIt is swollen·VSystem
γ in formulaIt is swollenIt is higher for rock strength and contain between generally 1.18~1.21 for the coefficient that swells of fractured rock
The few rock of colloidal materials, using low value；It is lower for rock strength and containing the rock more than colloidal materials, using high level.
Second step, avalanche are crushed hole arrangement:
It takes the next step, it is avalanche fracture area that shaft excavation edge line is arrived except slotting disintegrating area, and avalanche is arranged in avalanche fracture area
Broken hole, avalanche are crushed hole centered on central disintegrating area, form circumferentially be arranged in the outline excavation sideline of vertical shaft with by
Slotting crushes between the triangle web area of hole composition, and avalanche is crushed hole and is crushed the progress avalanche of avalanche fracture area rock；
Avalanche is crushed hole effect: rock progress avalanche in avalanche fracture area is crushed.Avalanche is crushed hole around crushing slotting area
It is arranged with ring shape, is crushed breaking hole by the sequence from inner lane to outer ring, from coil to coil explosion, until entire vertical shaft explosion finishes,
By showing that avalanche is crushed between hole explosive payload, arrangement spacing and avalanche rock mass to livingston theoretical research
Rule proposes avalanche and is crushed hole explosive payload, arrangement distance computation formula, and the avalanche solved in novel construction method shaft excavation is broken.
Two adjacent avalanches are crushed pitch of holes calculation formula when the arrangement avalanche is crushed hole are as follows:
In formula:
γ --- spacing regulation coefficient is arranged for pack, takes 0.8.
Q --- explosive payload, kg；
H --- shaft height, m；
K --- the explosive consumption of unit volume rock, kg/m3
W --- minimum burden, kg/m3
Engineering practice shows that avalanche is crushed the arrangement in hole using the arrangement of " small array pitch, big pitch-row ", is more advantageous to rock
Stone is crushed.The close coefficient (spacing of blasthole and the ratio of minimum burden) of blasthole is generally between 1.0~2.0, intensively
Explosion of the coefficient greater than 2.0 is broad-ovate leaf.It is to weaken pinpoint blasting funnel, the opening of funnel that avalanche, which is crushed hole explosive funnel,
Angle θ < 900.In practical projects, vertex angle theta, which is arranged as 550~900, is advisable.Avalanche is crushed the spacing in hole and circle remote is mutually to close
Connection, in Practical Project practice, the determination that avalanche is crushed the spacing and circle remote in hole is a mutually coordinated result.
Avalanche is crushed hole and is arranged between disintegrating area and presplitting boundary in the form of concentric circles, and neighboring concentric circle spacing claims
Circle remote.It is minimum burden W that avalanche, which is crushed hole circle remote,.First lap avalanche is crushed hole and closes on slotting disintegrating area, so the circle remote
Set it is less than normal, so as to slotting chamber carry out regular and further expansion.
The diameter of breaking hole generally takes 75~250mm.Generally the same diameter in hole is crushed with slotting.
The explosive payload Q of breaking hole determines that explosive payload is small compared with the dose that slotting crushes hole according to avalanche fragmented rock, so
Uncoincided charge is generally used, the coefficient of coup is not determined according to actual dose.
Third step, pre- ceasma arrangement:
It takes the next step, pre- ceasma is arranged on the outline excavation sideline of vertical shaft, linear along outline excavation after pre- ceasma detonation
At precracking, excavation area rock mass in vertical shaft contour line is separated with the rock mass outside contour line；
The effect of pre- ceasma is: after pre- ceasma detonation, forming precracking along excavation contour line, will open in vertical shaft contour line
Area's rock mass is dug to separate with the rock mass outside contour line.
By having obtained adjacent to C-J detonation theory, rock impact wave, stress wave propagation theory and Mises criterion research
Explosion forms the rule between perforation fissure zone and blasthole spacing, blast hole projectile filling under the conditions of deep hole column charge, and it is unlimited to propose
The maximum blasthole distance equation for forming perforation fissure zone in rock under the conditions of the adjacent non-coupled column charge of deep hole, solves new work
The key technical problem of pre- ceasma explosive payload and arrangement spacing in method shaft excavation.
The calculation formula of two adjacent presplitting pitchs of holes when the pre- ceasma is arranged on the outline excavation sideline of vertical shaft are as follows:
In formula:
ψE is split--- pitch of holes correction factor takes 1.45；
ψE folding--- pitch of holes reduction coefficient takes 0.85；
The speed of D --- detonation wave, m/s；
ρ0--- the density under explosive original state, kg/m3；
rb--- blasthole radius, m；
The radial not coefficient of coup of κ --- column charge；
η --- column charge axial direction coefficient of charge；
Pressure enhancement coefficient when n --- detonation product hits blasthole palisades, generally takes n=10；
σtd--- Rock Under Uniaxial Compression moves tensile strength, MPa；
α --- Dynamic load of nuclear blast propagation attenuation index load in rock
A——
B --- it is lateral stress coefficient,
μd--- the dynamical possion ratio of rock, it is believed that μd=0.8 μ, μ are the quiet Poisson's ratio of rock；
Wherein [σtd] be rock dynamic ultimate tensile strength, dynamic stress effect under, the dynamic ultimate tensile strength of rock with
Quiet ultimate tensile strength less, can use same value compared to variation.
Column charge radial not coefficient of coup κ in presplitting hole is generally 1.8~3.0 or so, rock stratum higher for intensity, no
Preferably take large values.Axial coefficient of charge η, which is generally taken as 0.8~1, to be advisable.
The diameter of pre- ceasma generally takes 50mm~210mm, if requiring height to explosion surface smoothness, bore diameter should be selected
With 50~120mm.
In the specific implementation, slotting disintegrating area is arranged in the center of quasi- excavating shaft to the present invention, as shown in Figure 1.Through multiple
Experiment shows that the diameter of slotting disintegrating area is the 3/20~5/20 more appropriate of excavating shaft diameter, and vertical shaft diameter is greater than 8.5 meters
It can get the small value, can take large values less than 8.5 meters.The external circle diameter of the triangulation network acts on lower nothing plus independent deep hole column blasting
Limiting rock and crushing the sum of diameter of circle just is the diameter of slotting disintegrating area.
Further, traditional cutting method is all based on pinpoint blasting funnel theory, and what is formed after slotting of exploding draws
The cavity of slot is conical hopper, and the slotting of this form is shallow bore hole slotting, and the depth of shallow blasthole is generally less than 2m, Cut Blasting
When working face be the scope of freedom carry out throwing, but this cutting method be unsuitable for underground shaft shaft formatting by one blasting construction skill
Art.In the construction of underground shaft shaft formatting by one blasting, blasthole is deep hole, generally as deep as more than 20 meters or more, certainly without explosion
By face, being using traditional cutting method progress slotting cannot be successful, even if loading onto a large amount of explosive by force carries out explosion, most
The much bigger hollow place of excavating shaft of comparing that can be only formed one afterwards, can not achieve the intention of shaft excavation.
Underground shaft shaft formatting by one blasting requires the slotting cavity formed after Cut Blasting to be necessary for the circle contour with vertical shaft
Cylindricality can be only achieved the purpose of slotting in this way.Based on this purpose, the invention proposes the new cutting methods of triangulation network slotting.
Triangulation network cutting method are as follows: in slotting disintegrating area, slotting is crushed hole and arranged that emptying aperture is arranged in the form of equilateral triangle net
The position of form center of side triangle, arrangement form are as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.If it is larger to crush slotting area, the extension of the triangulation network can be used
Mode arranges, as shown in Figure 3.Slotting crush hole effect be by the rock blasting in slotting disintegrating area and crushing, it is smashed
Rock slag is spilled under the action of gravity and detonation gas, forms a slotting cavity；Emptying aperture not blasting charge, there are two effects:
First is that crushing the rock slag under the explosion of hole for slotting provides compensation space, second is that providing the scope of freedom for the explosion that slotting crushes hole.
The present invention has the advantage that
Project research and innovation achievement is as follows:
1, it is studied by the theoretical, cutting method to traditional slotting, proposes deep hole and crush the thinking of slotting, and mention for the first time
The new cutting method of triangulation network burn cut is gone out, has solved underground shaft onepull and excavate into Cut Blasting in well technology
Problem.
2, by having obtained phase to C-J detonation theory, rock impact wave, stress wave propagation theory and Mises criterion research
Explosion forms the rule between continuous pulverized zone and blasthole spacing, blast hole projectile filling under the conditions of adjacent deep hole column charge, proposes nothing
The maximum blasthole spacing for forming continuous curshed zone in limit rock under the conditions of adjacent deep hole coupling charging and non-coupled column charge is public
Formula solves the key technical problem that the slotting in novel construction method shaft excavation crushes hole explosive payload and arrangement.
3, by having obtained phase to C-J detonation theory, rock impact wave, stress wave propagation theory and Mises criterion research
Explosion forms the rule between perforation fissure zone and blasthole spacing, blast hole projectile filling under the conditions of adjacent deep hole column charge, proposes nothing
The maximum blasthole distance equation for forming perforation fissure zone in rock under the conditions of the adjacent non-coupled column charge of deep hole is limited, is solved new
The key technical problem of pre- ceasma explosive payload and arrangement spacing in engineering method shaft excavation.
4, by showing that avalanche is crushed between hole explosive payload, arrangement spacing and avalanche rock mass to livingston theoretical research
Rule, propose avalanche and be crushed hole explosive payload, arrangement distance computation formula, it is broken to solve avalanche in novel construction method shaft excavation
The key technical problem of hole arrangement.
Part not in the detailed description of the invention is the prior art.
The embodiment selected herein to disclose goal of the invention of the invention, is presently considered to be suitable, still,
It is to be understood that the present invention is intended to include all changes and improvement that all belong to the embodiment in this design and invention scope.
Claims (7)
1. the steel for shot method of deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting engineering method, it is characterized in that: the steel for shot
Method specifically comprises the following steps:
The first step, slotting crush hole and emptying aperture arrangement:
The center of vertical shaft selected first is slotting disintegrating area, and slotting is crushed hole and arranged with the arrangement mode of equilateral triangle, waited
Emptying aperture is arranged in the position of form center of side triangle, and slotting crushes hole and emptying aperture cooperates, after slotting crushes hole detonation, in slotting disintegrating area
A circular cavity contour with vertical shaft is formed, the explosion for being crushed hole for avalanche provides the scope of freedom and quick-fried slag accommodation space；
Second step, avalanche are crushed hole arrangement:
It takes the next step, it is avalanche fracture area that shaft excavation edge line is arrived except slotting disintegrating area, and avalanche fracture area arranges that avalanche is broken
Hole, avalanche are crushed hole centered on central disintegrating area, and form circumferentially is arranged in the outline excavation sideline of vertical shaft and by slotting
Between the triangle web area for crushing hole composition, avalanche is crushed hole and is crushed the progress avalanche of avalanche fracture area rock；
Third step, pre- ceasma arrangement:
It takes the next step, pre- ceasma is arranged on the outline excavation sideline of vertical shaft, after pre- ceasma detonation, is formed along excavation contour line pre-
Crack separates excavation area rock mass in vertical shaft contour line with the rock mass outside contour line.
2. the steel for shot method of deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting engineering method according to claim 1,
Be characterized in: the diameter of the slotting disintegrating area is 75mm~250mm, wherein it is preferred that 80mm~150mm.
3. the steel for shot method of deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting engineering method according to claim 1,
Be characterized in: two adjacent slottings crush the arrangement spacing point in hole when the arrangement mode arrangement that the slotting crushes hole with equilateral triangle
For the following two kinds mode:
A, under coupling charging blasting condition, adjacent triangulation network keyhole arranges distance computation formula are as follows:
In formula:
ψE is broken--- pitch of holes correction factor takes 1.45；
The speed of D --- detonation wave, m/s；
ρ0--- the density under explosive original state, kg/m3；
ρm--- the density of rock, kg/m3；
Cm--- the velocity of sound in rock, m/s；
rb--- blasthole radius, m；
A——
B --- it is lateral stress coefficient,
μd--- the dynamical possion ratio of rock, it is believed that μd=0.8 μ, μ are the quiet Poisson's ratio of rock；
α --- it is loading propagation damped expoential,μdFor the dynamical possion ratio of rock；
σcd--- rock dynamic compression strength, MPa；Dynamic compression strength σcd=8 σc；
B, under Uncoincided charge blasting condition, adjacent triangulation network keyhole arranges distance computation formula are as follows:
In formula:
ψE is broken--- pitch of holes correction factor takes 1.45；
The radial not coefficient of coup of κ --- column charge；
η --- column charge axial direction coefficient of charge
Pressure enhancement coefficient when n --- detonation product hits blasthole palisades, generally takes n=10；
The speed of D --- detonation wave, m/s；
ρ0--- the density under explosive original state, kg/m3；
rb--- blasthole radius, m；
A——
B --- it is lateral stress coefficient,
μd--- the dynamical possion ratio of rock, it is believed that μd=0.8 μ, μ are the quiet Poisson's ratio of rock；
α --- it is loading propagation damped expoential,μdFor the dynamical possion ratio of rock；
σcd--- rock dynamic compression strength, MPa；Dynamic compression strength σcd=8 σc；
It is 1.2~1.6 that wherein slotting, which crushes the radial not coefficient of coup κ of hole column charge, and axial coefficient of charge η is 1.
4. the steel for shot method of deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting engineering method according to claim 1,
It is characterized in: the calculation formula of two adjacent presplitting pitchs of holes when the pre- ceasma is arranged on the outline excavation sideline of vertical shaft are as follows:
In formula:
ψE is split--- pitch of holes correction factor takes 1.45；
ψE folding--- pitch of holes reduction coefficient takes 0.85；
The speed of D --- detonation wave, m/s；
ρ0--- the density under explosive original state, kg/m3；
rb--- blasthole radius, m；
The radial not coefficient of coup of κ --- column charge；
η --- column charge axial direction coefficient of charge；
Pressure enhancement coefficient when n --- detonation product hits blasthole palisades, generally takes n=10；
σtd--- Rock Under Uniaxial Compression moves tensile strength, MPa；
α --- Dynamic load of nuclear blast propagation attenuation index load in rock
A——
B --- it is lateral stress coefficient,
μd--- the dynamical possion ratio of rock, it is believed that μd=0.8 μ, μ are the quiet Poisson's ratio of rock；
Wherein column charge radial not coefficient of coup κ in presplitting hole is 1.8~3.0, and axial coefficient of charge η is 0.8~1.
5. the steel for shot method of deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting engineering method according to claim 1,
Be characterized in: the diameter of the pre- ceasma is 50mm~210mm.
6. the steel for shot method of deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting engineering method according to claim 1,
Be characterized in: two adjacent avalanches are crushed pitch of holes calculation formula when the arrangement avalanche is crushed hole are as follows:
In formula:
γ --- spacing regulation coefficient is arranged for pack, takes 0.8.
Q --- explosive payload, kg；
H --- shaft height, m；
K --- the explosive consumption of unit volume rock, kg/m3
W --- minimum burden, kg/m3 。
7. the steel for shot method of deep hole subregion triangulation network slotting shaft formatting by one blasting engineering method according to claim 1,
Be characterized in: the diameter of the breaking hole is 75~250mm.
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