CN106942739A - 一种海藻全活性物质的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种海藻全活性物质的制备方法。具体涉及一种以海藻为原料,依次将海藻细粉用极性从小到大顺序溶剂提取制备海藻全活性性物质的方法。首先海藻细粉先用较高浓度乙醇提取,然后将乙醇提取剩余物用较低浓度乙醇提取,接着将较低浓度乙醇提取剩余物水提,最后将水提残渣酶解,经离心、过滤、减压浓缩、干燥分别制备海藻乙醇提取物、海藻较低浓度乙醇提取物、海藻水提取物以及酶解物,以获得海藻全活性物质。根据中医的“君臣佐使”理论,用所述方法制备的一种或几种全活性物质与其他具有相同功效的药食同源活性成分复配制备具有增强免疫力、调节血糖、血脂、血压、及保肝等功效的营养功能性食品。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品生物技术及功能保健领域,具体涉及一种海藻全活性物质的制备方法。
背景技术
海藻为藻类植物马尾藻科裂叶马尾藻的嫩藻体。藻体暗褐色,50厘米到1米以上,生长在低潮带岩石上,分布于我国东南沿海。海藻藻种类繁多,如海带、裙带菜、海白菜、紫菜、海石花、龙须 菜、海茸等,海藻产业是一项集海藻经济效益、生态效益和社会效益于一体的短平快农村经济发展项目,且是一类有机、营养、保健的绿色食品。发展海藻产业符合人们消费增长和农业可持续发展的需要,是农民快速致富的有效途径,国内市场潜力巨大。
海藻是一种绿色天然食品,含有丰富的胶原蛋白、不仅含有10多种氨基酸及维生素,多种矿物质,纤维质、海藻胶等多种人体不可或缺的营养物质,多食用海藻有以下几种好处:1.可以补血,2.可以预防肥胖,3.可以降血压,降血脂、降血糖。4.可以抵御心脑血管疾,防中风、降低其致死率和致残率。5.可以提高人体免疫力,抗病毒,防癌抗癌等。6.保护心脏,保肝、解毒。
海藻有显著并且明确的降血脂降血压,以及抗癌,保肝健胃等功效,但目前在高效制备海藻的活性成分的领域的技术上,往往存在海藻活性物质制备不完全,制作工艺繁琐,利用率低等问题。目前,尚未见将海藻采用顺序溶剂(极性从小到大)提取制备活性物质的方法报道,且此方法对大规模工业化的生产具有良好的开发前景。
本发明将海带、裙带菜、海白菜、紫菜、海石花、龙须菜、海茸等海藻提取物和黄茋、枸杞、灵芝、黑木耳、黄秋葵等运用到海藻功能性食品的生产中,制备的既具有海藻特有的风味,又具有一定的保健功效和营养价值,具有良好的开发前景。此发明通过乙醇提取浓缩,水提,酶解技术得到海藻等活性物质。经验证,某些纯化的活性物质的降血脂、降血糖、保肝甚至优于当前公认的降血脂、降血糖、保肝物质。
在目前所公开的海藻全活性物质的相关专利中,在海藻食品降血脂领域中已经有陈千祥,陈凯杰的“一种海藻食品及其制备方法”,申请专利号(201610167733.3) , 该专利没有提及全活性物质的提取,而本发明中所述海藻利用先用85%-95%(v/v)乙醇提取,然后将85%-95%(v/v)乙醇提取剩余物用50%-65%(v/v)乙醇提取,接着将50%-65%(v/v)乙醇提取剩余物水提,最后将水提残渣酶解,以获得海藻全活性物质,具有不会发生副反应、条件温和、环境友好等优点。因此,本发明中通过海藻细粉顺序溶剂(极性从小到大)提取制备海藻活性物质的降血糖活性均未见其它研究报道或专利。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种海藻全活性物质的制备方法及其产品,以海藻细粉为原料,顺序溶剂(极性从小到大)提取制备海藻全活性物质;根据中医的“君臣佐使”中医理论和现代营养学理论,用所述方法制备的一种或几种提取物与其他具有相同功效的药食同源活性成分复配制备具有增强免疫力、调节血糖、血脂、血压、保肝等功效的功能性食品。
所述的一种海藻全活性物质的制备方法,海藻细粉先用85%-95%(v/v)乙醇提取,然后将85%-95%(v/v)乙醇提取剩余物用50%-65%(v/v)乙醇提取,接着将50%-65%(v/v)乙醇提取剩余物水提,最后将水提残渣酶解,经离心、过滤、减压浓缩、冷冻干燥分别制备海藻85%-95%(v/v)乙醇提取物、海藻50%-65%(v/v)乙醇提取物、海藻水提取物以及酶解物,即:海藻全活性物质。具体包括如下步骤:
A.海藻用粉碎机磨成细粉备用;
B.将制得的海藻细粉先用85%-95%(v/v)乙醇在45-70℃中超声-微波协同萃取或超声辅助提取0.5-3h,过滤获得海藻85%-95%醇提液;
C.将获得的85%-95%(v/v)乙醇提取的海藻剩余物利用50%-65%(v/v)乙醇在45-70℃进行超声-微波协同萃取或超声辅助提取0.5-3h,过滤获得海藻50%-65%(v/v)乙醇提液;
D.再将得到的50%-65%(v/v)乙醇提取的海藻剩余物利用去离子水在70-100℃下进行超声-微波协同萃取或超声辅助提取0.5-3h,过滤获得海藻水提液;
E.最后将获得海藻水提剩余物利用复合蛋白酶在37-65℃进行酶解0.5-3h,过滤以获得海藻的酶解物;
F.所述B-E制备得到的提取液经减压浓缩、干燥后分别制备海藻85%-95%(v/v)乙醇提取、海藻50%-65%(v/v)乙醇提取物、海藻水提取物以及酶解物,即:海藻全活性物质。
其中海藻为:海带、裙带菜、海白菜、紫菜、海石花、龙须菜、海茸等中的一种或几种的混合料。
其中提取溶剂与提取物料的体积重量比(L:kg)为10:1-50:1。
其中所述复合蛋白酶添加量为海藻细粉重量的0.1-2%。
利用所述方法制备的一种或几种全活性物质与其他具有相同功效的药食同源活性成分复配制备如口服液,胶囊,片剂,冲剂,固体饮料的不同剂型的营养、功能性食品。
本发明的有益之处:
以海藻细粉为原料,顺序溶剂(极性从小到大)提取及复合蛋白酶酶解法制备海藻全活性物质;根据中医的“君臣佐使”和现代营养学理论,用所述方法制备的一种或几种提取物与其他具有相同功效的药食同源活性成分复配制备具有可以补血.可以预防肥胖,可以降血压,降血糖,降血脂、保肝,可以抵御心脑血管疾病,可以提高人体免疫力;并且此发明工艺稳定可靠,重复性高,实用性强,适合于大规模的工业化生产。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种龙须菜全活性物质的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
A. 龙须菜用粉碎机磨成细粉备用;
B.将制得的龙须菜细粉先用95%(v/v)乙醇在55℃中超声辅助提取1h,过滤获得龙须菜95%醇提液;
C.将获得的95%(v/v)乙醇提取的龙须菜剩余物利用65%(v/v)乙醇在55℃进行超声辅助提取1h,过滤获得龙须菜65%(v/v)乙醇提液;
D.再将得到的65%(v/v)乙醇提取的龙须菜剩余物利用去离子水在90℃下进行超声辅助提取1h,过滤获得龙须菜水提液;
E.最后将获得龙须菜水提剩余物利用复合蛋白酶在37℃进行酶解2h,过滤以获得龙须菜的酶解物;
F.所述B-E制备得到的提取液经减压浓缩、干燥后分别制备龙须菜95%(v/v)乙醇提取、龙须菜65%(v/v)乙醇提取物、龙须菜水提取物以及酶解物,即:龙须菜全活性物质。
其中提取溶剂与提取物料的体积重量比(L:kg)为20:1。
其中所述复合蛋白酶添加量为龙须菜细粉重量的0.3%。
将上述制备龙须菜全活性物质,与黄秋葵提取物、黑木耳提取物按质量比3:1:1充分混合,制备龙须菜保健胶囊。
实施例2
一种海白菜全活性物质的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
A海白菜用粉碎机磨成细粉备用;
B.将制得的海白菜细粉先用85%(v/v)乙醇在65℃中超声辅助提取1.5h,过滤获得海白菜85%醇提液;
C.将获得的85%(v/v)乙醇提取的海白菜剩余物利用55%(v/v)乙醇在65℃进行超声辅助提取1.5h,过滤获得海白菜55%(v/v)乙醇提液;
D.再将得到的55%(v/v)乙醇提取的海白菜剩余物利用去离子水在95℃下进行超声辅助提取1.5h,过滤获得海白菜水提液;
E.最后将获得海白菜水提剩余物利用复合蛋白酶在40℃进行酶解1.5h,过滤以获得海白菜的酶解物;
F.所述B-E制备得到的提取液经减压浓缩、干燥后分别制备海白菜85%(v/v)乙醇提取、海白菜55%(v/v)乙醇提取物、海白菜水提取物以及酶解物,即:海白菜全活性物质。
其中提取溶剂与提取物料的体积重量比(L:kg)为30:1。
其中所述复合蛋白酶添加量为海白菜细粉重量的0.6%。
将上述制备海白菜全活性物质,与枸杞提取物、灵芝提取物按质量比5:1:1充分混合,制备海白菜保健胶囊。
实施例3
一种海带全活性物质的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
A.海带用粉碎机磨成细粉备用;
B.将制得的海带细粉先用90%(v/v)乙醇在60℃中超声辅助提取1h,过滤获得海带90%醇提液;
C.将获得的90%(v/v)乙醇提取的海带剩余物利用60%(v/v)乙醇在60℃进行超声辅助提取1h,过滤获得海带60%(v/v)乙醇提液;
D.再将得到的60%(v/v)乙醇提取的海带剩余物利用去离子水在90℃下进行超声辅助提取1h,过滤获得海带水提液;
E.最后将获得海带水提剩余物利用复合蛋白酶在37℃进行酶解2h,过滤以获得海带的酶解物;
F.所述B-E制备得到的提取液经减压浓缩、干燥后分别制备海带90%(v/v)乙醇提取、海带60%(v/v)乙醇提取物、海带水提取物以及酶解物,即:海带全活性物质。
其中提取溶剂与提取物料的体积重量比(L:kg)为40:1。
其中所述复合蛋白酶添加量为海带细粉重量的0.5%。
将上述制备海带全活性物质,与枸杞提取物、黄芪提取物、甘草提取物按质量比5:1:1:0.5充分混合,制备海带保健胶囊。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,凡依本发明申请专利范围所做的均等变化与修饰,皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种海藻全活性物质的制备方法,其特征在于:以海藻为原料,用极性从小到大的溶剂依次提取,制备海藻全活性物质。
2.根据权利要求1中所述的一种海藻全活性物质的制备方法,其特征在于:所述海藻为海带、裙带菜、海白菜、紫菜、海石花、龙须菜、海茸其中一种或几种混料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种海藻全活性物质的制备方法,其特征在于:具体包括如下步骤:
A.海藻用粉碎机磨成细粉备用;
B.将制得的海藻细粉先用体积分数85%-95%乙醇为提取溶剂在45-70℃中超声-微波协同萃取或超声辅助提取0.5-3h,过滤获得海藻醇提液Ⅰ;
C.将经体积分数85%-95%乙醇提取的海藻剩余物利用体积分数50%-65%乙醇为提取溶剂在45-70℃进行超声-微波协同萃取或超声辅助提取0.5-3h,过滤获得海藻醇提液Ⅱ;
D.再将得到经体积分数50%-65%乙醇提取的海藻剩余物利用去离子水为提取溶剂在70-100℃进行超声-微波协同萃取或超声辅助提取0.5-3h,过滤获得海藻水提液Ⅲ;
E.最后将获得海藻水提剩余物利用复合蛋白酶在37-65℃进行酶解0.5-3h,过滤获得海藻的酶解物;
F.所述B-D制备得到的海藻醇提液Ⅰ、海藻醇提液Ⅱ、海藻水提液Ⅲ经减压浓缩、干燥后分别制备海藻醇提取物Ⅰ、海藻醇提取物Ⅱ、海藻水提取物Ⅲ,这三种提取物与步骤E的酶解物组成海藻全活性物质。
4.根据权利要求3中所述的一种海藻全活性物质的制备方法,其特征在于:提取溶剂与提取物料的体积重量比为10:1-50:1,单位为L:kg。
5.根据权利要求3中所述的一种海藻全活性物质的制备方法,其特征在于:所述复合蛋白酶添加量为海藻细粉重量的0.1-2%。
6.一种如权利要求1-5所述制备方法得到的海藻全活性物质的用途,其特征在于:所述制备方法得到的海藻全活性物质中的一种或几种组分与具有相同功效的药食同源活性成分复配制备如口服液、胶囊、片剂、冲剂以及固体饮料的不同剂型的营养功能性食品。
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