CN106929699B - A kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device and method - Google Patents
A kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device and method Download PDFInfo
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device and methods, belong to metal material processing field.The device is mainly made of melt treatment crucible, combined electromagnetic module, various dimensions machinery turbulator and temperature conditioning unit, combined electromagnetic module is mounted on the bottom and periphery of melt treatment crucible, various dimensions machinery turbulator is mounted in melt treatment crucible, and temperature conditioning unit is mounted on the top and bottom of melt treatment crucible.The present invention realizes integral macroscopic convection current and the coupling simultaneously of localized micro turbulent flow in the case where ensureing bath surface stable condition, reduce Temperature Field in Melt and at branch each dimension gradient, melt solidified structure is accurately controlled, fine microstructures ingredient uniformly big specification high-alloying aluminium alloy ingot casting or casting can be prepared；And there are inert gas action passages for mechanical turbulator, realize automatic degasification slagging-off in melt treatment process, improve melt treatment efficiency, and it is cost-effective.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material processing field, more particularly to a kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment dress
It sets and method.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy becomes the lightweight knot of aerospace, rail traffic and automobile and other industries first choice with its excellent characteristic
Structure material, dosage are very big.It is bulk transport rocket, high function fighters, bullet train, new with the promotion of manufacturing industry equipment capability
The aluminium alloy capability of the high-end equipment Requirement such as energy automobile is more and more diversified, and comprehensive performance is also higher and higher, and aluminium closes
The raising of golden performance is necessarily accompanied with the addition of specific alloy element and the promotion of pivot cellulose content.High-alloying aluminium alloy material
Invariably accompany in material preparation process alloy element component segregation, easy to crack, nonuniform organization the problems such as, particularly with large volume
Problem is more prominent for melt coagulation forming, therefore large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy material is very tight to metallurgical quality requirement
Lattice.Domestic common aluminium alloy melt processing means are difficult the requirement for meeting high-alloying aluminium alloy to metallurgical quality, are mutually closed
Gold must not depend on import.
The main reason for large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy material preparation is difficult is alloying elements distribution uniformity in melt
The control for the oxide inclusion and hydrogen content that control is difficult, component segregation is brought is difficult, the control of large volume Melt Temperature Homogeneity is difficult
Deng three aspects.Traditional melt treating method be only before prepared by alloy material or in preparation process using certain degasification and
Filters control inclusion content in aluminium alloy and hydrogen content, can not fundamentally meet high-alloying aluminium alloy pair
The requirement of melt metallurgical quality.
In order to improve aluminium alloy melt metallurgical quality, many domestic and foreign scholars have carried out long-term research.Alcoa
Company exploitation Alcoa469 methods and U.S. combinating carbide company exploitation rotation spray inert gas swim method be all profit
It is floated and is escaped with the hydrogen in partial pressure official post aluminum melt of the hydrogen in aluminum melt and bubble, to achieve the purpose that dehydrogenation, but simultaneously
Without reference to the uniformity of crucial bath composition field and temperature field.Chinese patent CN00127937 and CN200510026593 are carried
The method of the purifying aluminium alloy melt gone out primarily focuses on the filtering to oxide in alloy melt and Slag inclusion, molten reducing
The content and size that Slag inclusion is reduced while body hydrogen content, also without the equal of the bath composition field and temperature field for being related to key
Even property.Above-mentioned melt treating method has certain effect to common low alloying purifying aluminium alloy melt tool, but big for improving
Volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt quality, effect are just very faint.
Invention content
In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device and
Method.The device and method take full advantage of the energy high density that Combined type electric magnetic field has and spatter property and superior sound
Answering property and controllability, while by the ingehious design of various dimensions machinery turbulator, melt flows show macroscopic convection and part
The state that turbulent flow coexists keeps the stirring action that melt is subject to more abundant, to temperature field and at branch in entire melt volume
Interior distribution is more uniform；Inert gas is passed through the degasification slag removing function for increasing melt in turbulent system simultaneously.
A kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device, the device is mainly by melt treatment crucible, combined type
Electromagnetic module, various dimensions machinery turbulator and temperature conditioning unit composition, the combined electromagnetic module are mounted on melt treatment earthenware
The bottom and periphery of crucible, the various dimensions machinery turbulator are mounted in melt treatment crucible, temperature conditioning unit installation
In the top and bottom of melt treatment crucible.
In the apparatus, core apparatus is combined electromagnetic module, various dimensions machinery turbulator and temperature conditioning unit.Combined type
Electromagnetic module is mainly made of bottom magnetic field generator and Circumferential field generator, the bottom magnetic field generator and circumferential magnetic
Field generator is separately mounted to the bottom and periphery of melt treatment crucible；Various dimensions machinery turbulator is mainly by movable channel
Bar, turbulent rotor and plenum system composition, the turbulent rotor are mounted on movable channel bar；Temperature conditioning unit is mainly by pushing up
Portion's temperature control system, bottom temperature control system and temperature detection regulating system are constituted.
Top temperature control system is Elema heating device, and top heating, Elema installation are realized by Elema
In the top temperature control lid of melt treatment crucible；Bottom temperature control system is thermal resistance heating device, using High Efficiency Thermal resistance as heat source；
Temperature detection regulating system includes temperature sensor and temperature control PLC module, is connected with top temperature control system and bottom temperature control system
It connects, by the monitoring in real time of temperature detection regulating system and adjusts melt temperature in crucible, temperature conditioning unit is by adjusting crucible top
The magnitude of current in Elema and bottom thermal resistance accurately controls alloy melt temperature.
In combined electromagnetic module, bottom magnetic field generator is traveling-wave magnetic field generator or pulsed magnetic generator；Week
It is vertical rotary magnetic field generator or horizontal rotation magnetic field generator to magnetic field generator.
It is hollow inside movable channel bar, stomata is set on the turbulent rotor, plenum system passes through removable logical
Stomata on the inside of road bar and turbulent rotor is supplied gas, and inert gas is passed through inside melt, realizes the degasification slagging-off of melt.It can
Movable passageway bar is mounted on the top of melt treatment crucible, is connected with furnace body periphery mechanical device, it can be achieved that rotation and level
It is mobile.Various dimensions machinery turbulator can be a set of or more sets, itself being rotated in operational process simultaneously can also be by retaining rail
Mark translates, and turbulent rotor can be there are many design structure.
The capacity of large volume melt treatment crucible is 500~5000Kg, and crucible shape is hexahedron or cylindrical.
Large volume melt treatment crucible is connected with automatic mechanical system, by automatic mechanical system control melt treatment crucible movement and
Other actions.
The top of melt treatment crucible internal walls be equipped with deslagging device, for filter float on bath surface oxide and
Field trash etc..
The liquid form of melt is mainly controlled by combined electromagnetic module and various dimensions machinery turbulator, is realized processed
The state that macroscopic convection acts on simultaneously with local turbulent under the conditions of alloy melt surface-stable in journey.
Based on above-mentioned apparatus, the present invention proposes a kind of method of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment, including such as
Lower step：The treatment temperature that aluminium alloy melt in melt treatment crucible is adjusted by temperature conditioning unit, waits for that temperature reaches necessary requirement
Afterwards, while bottom and the progress three-dimensional Combined type electric magnetic treatment of circumferential magnetic field generator are opened, it is then that the machinery of preheating is disorderly
It flows device and screws in melt, the speed that mechanical turbulator screws in melt is preferably 50~100r/min, and the depth for screwing in melt is preferably
Away from the positions 10~20cm of crucible bottom, it is set to be translated by desired guiding trajectory while rotation in melt treatment crucible, simultaneously
It is passed through inert gas and degasification is carried out except Slag treatment to alloy melt；Promoted by composite high-density magnetic field and various dimensions machinery turbulent flow
The state that macroscopic convection acts on simultaneously with local turbulent under the conditions of making alloy melt be in surface-stable so that melt whole volume
There is uniform temperature field and at branch in range；Pending completion is filtered out using mechanical deslagging device and floats on melt table
The oxide and field trash in face, then melt is molded by continuous casting, compression casting or other modes.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention：
(1) compared with traditional melt treatment mode, at present invention employs bottom and circumferential combined electromagnetic
Reason makes melt generate strong disturbance, while the effect for being aided with various dimensions machinery turbulator can make melt macroscopic view and local level
Regular convection current is generated, keeps stirring action more abundant, Temperature Field in Melt and at branch will not there are gradients along each dimension is real
Now alloy melt solidified structure is accurately controlled, the solidified structure of fine uniform is obtained, finally prepares high-quality aluminum alloy
Material.
(2) compared with traditional online processing, due to the introducing of double heating systems, temperature in melt treatment crucible is made to control
It is more accurate, it can effective guarantee pouring temperature stabilization；While mechanical turbulator reinforces melt convection simultaneously can also non-involvement it is new
Gas, and realize during melt treatment automatic degasification slagging-off, improve melt treatment efficiency, it is cost-effective.
(3) it is more than that 5% or alloying element atomic weight differ greatly with aluminium atom that can effectively solve alloying element gross mass
High-alloying aluminium alloy melt existing for component segregation problem, greatly reduce the preparation difficulty of subsequent product.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment schematic device.
Main appended drawing reference explanation：
1 melt treatment crucible, 2 top temperature control lid
3 Elema, 4 movable channel bar
5 alloy melt, 6 deslagging device
7 Circumferential field generator, 8 thermal resistance
The turbulent rotor of 9 bottom magnetic field generator 10
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Figure 1, the large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device of the present invention, mainly by large volume melt
It manages crucible 1, combined electromagnetic module, various dimensions machinery turbulator and temperature conditioning unit composition, combined electromagnetic module and is mounted on molten
Body handles bottom and the periphery (surrounding) of crucible 1, and various dimensions machinery turbulator is mounted on inside melt treatment crucible 1, temperature control list
Member is mounted on the top and bottom of melt treatment crucible 1.
In the apparatus, combined electromagnetic module is mainly made of bottom magnetic field generator 9 and Circumferential field generator 7；
Bottom magnetic field generator 9 and Circumferential field generator 7 are separately mounted to the bottom and periphery of melt treatment crucible 1；Bottom magnetic field
Generator 9 is traveling-wave magnetic field generator or pulsed magnetic generator；Circumferential field generator 7 is vertical rotary magnetic field generator
Or rotate horizontally magnetic field generator.
Various dimensions machinery turbulator is mainly made of movable channel bar 4, turbulent rotor 10 and plenum system；Turbulent rotor
10 be mounted on movable channel bar 4 on, movable channel bar 4 be mounted on melt treatment crucible 1 top, by control device into
It row rotation and moves horizontally；4 inside of movable channel bar is hollow structure, and stomata is arranged on turbulent rotor 10, and plenum system is logical
The stomata crossed on the inside and turbulent rotor 10 of movable channel bar 4 is supplied gas, and the degasification slag removing function of melt is led to by plenum system
The inert gas that enters is realized.Various dimensions machinery turbulator can be a set of or more sets, itself be rotated in operational process same
When can also be translated by fixation locus, turbulent rotor 10 can be there are many design structure.
Temperature conditioning unit is mainly made of top temperature control system, bottom temperature control system and temperature detection regulating system.Top temperature
Control system heats for Elema 3, realizes that top heating, Elema 3 are mounted on the top of melt treatment crucible 1 by Elema 3
In temperature control lid 2；Bottom temperature control system heats for thermal resistance 8, is heat source with High Efficiency Thermal resistance 8, thermal resistance 8 is located at melt treatment earthenware
The bottom of crucible 1.Temperature detection regulating system includes temperature sensor and temperature control PLC module, with top temperature control system and bottom temperature
Control system is connected.Monitor melt temperature in crucible in real time by temperature conditioning unit, temperature conditioning unit is by adjusting crucible top silicon-carbon
The magnitude of current in stick 3 and bottom thermal resistance 8 accurately controls 5 temperature of alloy melt.
1 aluminium alloy melt capacity of large volume melt treatment crucible is 500~5000Kg, and crucible stereochemical structure can be six faces
The bodily form or cylindrical.The action of large volume melt treatment crucible 1 is controlled by automatic mechanical system.
Deslagging device 6 is set to the top of 1 inner wall of melt treatment crucible, for filtering the oxide for floating on bath surface
And field trash etc..
When device processing aluminium alloy melt using the present invention, the aluminium alloy after fusing is first poured into melt treatment crucible 1
It is interior, the magnitude of current in top temperature control lid 2 in Elema 3 and bottom thermal resistance 8 is adjusted by temperature control device to accurately control processing
The temperature of intracavitary alloy melt 5；After alloy melt 5 reaches required temperature while opening crucible bottom magnetic field generator 9 and week
To magnetic field generator 7, the turbulent device of one or more sets machineries of certain temperature, including movable channel bar 4 then will be preheating to
It with turbulent rotor 10, screws in alloy melt 5, while being kept fixed rotating speed after rotor reaches certain depth in processing chamber
It is translated by desired guiding trajectory, while being passed through inert gas and alloy melt 5 is handled；By composite high-density magnetic field and
Various dimensions machinery turbulent flow promotes alloy melt 5 to generate special flowing law, realizes that large volume melt macroscopic view and part are made simultaneously
With obtaining within the scope of melt whole volume uniform temperature field and at branch；Pass through mechanical deslagging device 6 after the completion of melt treatment
Take out superficial oxidation slag and field trash, will treated alloy melt 5 by semi-continuous casting, compression casting or other means into
Row molding.
Embodiment 1
7055 ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy melts of 2000Kg are handled using rectangular large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt device,
The melt handled prepares the fine grain homogeneous ingot casting of 582 specifications of Φ by semi-continuous casting.
First 7055 alloy melts after fusing are poured into rectangle melt treatment intracavitary in 770~790 DEG C, passes through temperature control
Device monitors melt temperature in crucible in real time, by adjusting the magnitude of current in top Elema 3 and bottom thermal resistance 8, that is, heats
The temperature of 7055 alloy melts in processing chamber is accurately controlled with soaking time；It is same after alloy melt 5 reaches 755~760 DEG C
Shi Kaiqi cavity bottoms traveling-wave magnetic field generator and cavity circumferential direction vertical rotary magnetic field generator, field supply 200A, frequency
For 10Hz；Then high purity graphite movable channel bar 4 and turbulent rotor 10 in the turbulent device of 3 sets of machineries are preheating to 700 DEG C again
It is screwed in alloy melt 5 with the speed of 50~100r/min, is kept after rotor is reached away from cavity bottom 100~120mm depth
320r/min fixed rotating speeds, while being translated by default rectangular wave track in processing chamber, traversal melt level face；At melt
Superficial oxidation slag and field trash are taken out by mechanical deslagging device after the completion of reason, will treated 7055 alloy melts by partly connecting
Continuous casting carries out 582 specification alloy cast ingots of Φ and prepares.
760 DEG C of melt hydrogen contents of 2000Kg7055 alloys are obtained in 0.055ml/100g, far beyond requirements of the national standard
It is horizontal；582 size ingot-casting fine microstructures of Φ are uniform simultaneously, 8% are less than from edge to center portion crystallite dimension deviation, average crystal grain ruler
Very little to reduce 50% compared with without implementation melt treatment, the component segregation of ingot casting greatly reduces, and alloying element content deviation is less than 5%.
Embodiment 2
It is closed with ZL101A-1 using cylindrical large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt device processing 1000Kg low pressure castings
Golden melt, the melt handled prepare 22 inch gage automotive hubs by low pressure casting.
First the ZL101A-1 alloy melts after fusing are poured into cylindrical melt treatment intracavitary in 750~760 DEG C, led to
It crosses temperature control device and monitors melt temperature in crucible in real time, by adjusting the magnitude of current in top Elema 3 and bottom thermal resistance 8,
It heats and accurately controls the temperature of ZL101A-1 alloy melts in processing chamber with soaking time；When alloy melt 5 reaches 740~
Cavity bottom pulsed magnetic generator and cavity circumferential direction vertical rotary magnetic field generator are opened simultaneously after 750 DEG C, field supply is
150A, frequency 20Hz；Then high purity graphite movable channel bar and turbulent rotor in the turbulent device of 2 sets of machineries are preheating to
700 DEG C are screwed in the speed of 50~100r/min in alloy melt 5 again, when rotor is reached away from cavity bottom 180~200mm depth
260r/min fixed rotating speeds are kept afterwards, while being translated by default circular path in processing chamber, traversal melt level face；It is molten
Superficial oxidation slag and field trash are taken out by mechanical deslagging device after the completion of body processing, will treated alloy melt 5 in 4h
22 inch gage ZL101A-1 alloy automobile wheel hubs are carried out by low pressure casting to prepare.
Treated 750 DEG C of melt hydrogen contents of 1000KgZL101A-1 alloys are much higher by country in 0.090ml/100g
Standard-required level；Simultaneously 22 inch gage aluminium alloy wheel hub casting billet surfaces it is clean and tidy, with common process mode compared with mildew, slightly
The defects of crackle and foreign impurity, disappears, and pinhole rate is obtained much smaller than two level, as cast condition mechanical property as defined in JB/T7946.3
It improves, yield strength reaches 240MPa, and tensile strength reaches 320MPa, elongation percentage 9%.
The present invention is under real time temperature monitoring system, and temperature conditioning unit is by adjusting in top Elema and bottom thermal resistance
The magnitude of current accurately controls alloy melt temperature；Simultaneously under the effect of three-dimensional composite electromagnetic module, electromagnetic energy is made full use of
High density generates strong disturbance in the melt, promotes alloy melt at the uniformity of branch and temperature field；Pass through level again
The high speed rotation of turbulent rotor in moving process, ensures to realize integral macroscopic convection current and localized micro under bath surface stable condition
Turbulent flow coupling simultaneously reduces Temperature Field in Melt and at branch in the gradient of each dimension, accurately controls melt solidified structure, most
Fine microstructures ingredient uniformly big specification high-alloying aluminium alloy ingot casting or casting are prepared eventually；And mechanical turbulator there are
Inert gas action passage realizes automatic degasification slagging-off in melt treatment process, improves melt treatment efficiency, cost-effective.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device, it is characterised in that：The device is mainly by melt treatment earthenware
Crucible, combined electromagnetic module, various dimensions machinery turbulator and temperature conditioning unit composition, the combined electromagnetic module are mounted on molten
Body handles the bottom and periphery of crucible, and the various dimensions machinery turbulator mainly by movable channel bar, turbulent rotor and is sent
Gas system forms, and the turbulent rotor is mounted on movable channel bar；The various dimensions machinery turbulator is mounted on molten
Body is handled in crucible, and the temperature conditioning unit is mounted on the top and bottom of melt treatment crucible.
2. large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described answers
Box-like electromagnetic module is mainly made of bottom magnetic field generator and Circumferential field generator, the bottom magnetic field generator and week
The bottom and periphery of melt treatment crucible are separately mounted to magnetic field generator；The temperature conditioning unit is mainly by top temperature control system
System, bottom temperature control system and temperature detection regulating system are constituted.
3. large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The top
Portion's temperature control system is Elema heating device, and the Elema is mounted in the top temperature control lid of melt treatment crucible；It is described
Bottom temperature control system be thermal resistance heating device.
4. large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The bottom
Portion's magnetic field generator is traveling-wave magnetic field generator or pulsed magnetic generator；The Circumferential field generator is vertical rotary
Magnetic field generator rotates horizontally magnetic field generator.
5. large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described can
It is hollow inside movable passageway bar, stomata, the inside that plenum system passes through movable channel bar is set on the turbulent rotor
Inert gas is passed through inside melt with the stomata on turbulent rotor.
6. large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described is more
Dimension machinery turbulator is a set of or more sets, is translated by fixation locus while itself rotation in operational process.
7. large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described is molten
The capacity that body handles crucible is 500~5000Kg, and crucible shape is hexahedron or cylindrical.
8. large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described is molten
Body processing crucible is connected with automatic mechanical system, and the action of melt treatment crucible is controlled by automatic mechanical system.
9. large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described is molten
The top that body handles crucible internal walls is equipped with deslagging device.
10. a kind of method of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment, includes the following steps：It is adjusted by temperature conditioning unit molten
Body handles the treatment temperature of aluminium alloy melt in crucible, after temperature reaches necessary requirement, while opening bottom and circumferential magnetic
Field generator carries out three-dimensional Combined type electric magnetic treatment, and the mechanical turbulator of preheating is then screwed in melt, makes it at melt
It is translated by desired guiding trajectory while rotation in reason crucible, while being passed through inert gas and alloy melt is carried out at degasification slagging-off
Reason；Macroscopic convection and part under the conditions of promoting alloy melt to be in surface-stable by combined type magnetic field and various dimensions machinery turbulent flow
The state of turbulent flow effect simultaneously so that there is uniform temperature field and at branch within the scope of melt whole volume；Pending completion,
The oxide and field trash for floating on bath surface are filtered out using deslagging device, then melt is molded.
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| CN109249011A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-01-22 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | It is a kind of to prepare fine grain homogeneous casting compounding flux processing unit and method |
| CN112404402B (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-11-09 | 深圳市天合兴五金塑胶有限公司 | Casting process of pore-free aluminum alloy |
| CN116007372B (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-06-13 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | Aluminum alloy melt processing device |
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| JPH0421731A (en) * | 1990-05-14 | 1992-01-24 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Manufacture of al or al alloy matrix composite and device therefore |
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