CN102528002A - Process and device for high-temperature alloy fine-grain casting with composite electromagnetic fields - Google Patents
Process and device for high-temperature alloy fine-grain casting with composite electromagnetic fields Download PDFInfo
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- CN102528002A CN102528002A CN2011104516148A CN201110451614A CN102528002A CN 102528002 A CN102528002 A CN 102528002A CN 2011104516148 A CN2011104516148 A CN 2011104516148A CN 201110451614 A CN201110451614 A CN 201110451614A CN 102528002 A CN102528002 A CN 102528002A
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Abstract
Disclosed are a process and a device for high-temperature alloy fine-grain casting with composite electromagnetic fields. The device is characterized in that two electromagnetic fields generators are arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of the outside of an austenitic stainless steel sand box sequentially, wherein a steady direct-current electromagnetic field generator is arranged on the upper portion, and a bidirectional low-frequency alternating-current rotary electromagnetic field generator is arranged on the lower portion. A bidirectional rotary electromagnetic field is generated after bidirectional low-frequency alternating-current power is input into the bidirectional low-frequency rotary electromagnetic field generator on the lower portion of the austenitic stainless steel sand box, and grains of vacuum precision high-temperature alloy castings can be refined until the diameter of grains is 95 mu m and the section isometric crystal proportion reaches 100% under the bidirectional rotary electromagnetic stirring action generated in metal liquid. A steady direct-current electromagnetic field is generated by the steady direct-current electromagnetic field generator after the steady direct-current electromagnetic field generator is input with direct-current power, and electromagnetic brake power generated on the metal liquid level by the direct-current electromagnetic field suppresses sharp fluctuation of the metal liquid level caused by internal electromagnetic stirring action, and adverse affection of fluctuation of metal liquid level onto floating of inclusion and shrinkage cavity feeding during the solidification process of high-temperature alloy castings is eliminated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the metal material preparation field, be specifically related to a kind of thin brilliant casting technique of high temperature alloy and device that applies composite electromagnetic field.
Background technology
The serviceability temperature of the high-temperature alloy parts such as the turbine disk of the low-pressure turbine blade of aero-engine, casing and industry gas turbine is mostly waiting strong temperature below 760 ℃, thereby hopes that its cast sturcture is that whole evenly tiny equiax crystal is to improve its anti-fatigue performance.For the grain structure of refinement cast superalloy, successively developed the process of thermal control method, Mechanical Method and three kinds of thin brilliant foundry engieerings of high temperature alloy of chemical method both at home and abroad.The thermal control method is a crystallization control hot-fluid in process of setting, promptly adopts low melt homogenising treatment temperature, low pouring temperature, control mould gentleness to reduce the thermograde between alloy melt and the shell, makes casting crystalline grain obtain refinement on the whole.Can obtain to be of a size of the equiax crystal of 0.25 ~ 0.18mm.Mechanical Method is in alloy cast and process of setting, to stir melt through rotation casting mold, mechanical oscillation, makes grain refinement.Can obtain to be of a size of the equiax crystal of 0.3 ~ 0.1mm.Chemical method is through in melt, adding effective nucleating agent, forms a large amount of heterogeneous body nucleus and makes grain refinement.Can obtain to be of a size of the equiax crystal of 0.6 ~ 0.12mm.Above-mentioned process all exists limitation and defective.The overtemperature that the thermal control method is extremely low has limited its extensive use with strict temperature control, and the degree of purity that its outstanding shortcoming is a foundry goods is lower, is difficult for producing parts important and that size is big.The Mechanical Method complex equipments, the easy damage phenomenon of casting mold when rotation or vibration reduced finished casting rate and degree of purity, and the effect of grain refinement receives the influence of component shape bigger.The shortcoming of chemical method is to be difficult to control chemical composition, adds nucleating agent and is prone in melt to form oxide inclusion and to become tired source.Therefore grain refinement is one of cast superalloy model casting hot research fields always.
Disclosed patent 00110151.X had proposed a kind of vacuum travelling-wave electromagnetic fining high temperature alloy precision casting method in 2000; It is characterized in that when alloy begins to solidify; Alloy melt is applied a pair of symmetry but travelling-magnetic-field in the opposite direction, can obtain the tiny high temperature alloy foundry goods of crystal grain.But; This method is limited to the thinning effect of high temperature alloy casting solidification tissue; Particularly, molten metal just carries out electromagnetic agitation when not pouring into casting mold; This can cause the upper surface fluctuation of molten metal bigger, and molten metal can form big overlap along the soaring after coagulation of die wall under the effect of electromagnetic force, thereby has worsened the feeding condition of shrinkage cavity shrinkage porosity in the casting solidification process.
Applicant in 2008 has proposed in high temperature alloy molten metal process of setting, to apply two-way rotating electromagnetic and has stirred the grain refinement that the method that combines with surperficial inovulant realizes the high temperature alloy solidified structure in the article " grain refinement of K417 high temperature alloy under electromagnetic field and the surperficial inovulant effect " of " Rare Metals Materials and engineering " publication; This method can refine to 0.1mm with the solidified structure of high temperature alloy foundry goods; Just poured in the casting mold with regard to being rotated electromagnetic agitation and can cause not forming that the metal bath surface fluctuation ratio of surperficial scull is big, thereby molten metal can form this problem of feeding condition that big overlap worsens shrinkage cavity in the casting solidification process along the soaring after coagulation of die wall under the effect of electromagnetic force but this method solves molten metal through the time started that postpones electromagnetic agitation, therefore used this method to be difficult to acquisition section proportion of equiaxed grain and reach 100% the thin brilliant foundry goods of high temperature alloy.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of thin brilliant casting technique of high temperature alloy and device that applies composite electromagnetic field.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is following:
The thin brilliant casting device of high temperature alloy that applies composite electromagnetic field of the present invention; Comprise the vacuum medium frequency induction melting furnace; Frequently the induction melting furnace center is provided with the austenitic stainless steel sandbox in a vacuum; Be provided with direct solenoid field generator and two-way low-frequency ac rotating electromagnetic field generator in the austenitic stainless steel sandbox outside, be provided with running and feeding system and ceramic foam filter on austenitic stainless steel sandbox top.
In the austenitic stainless steel sandbox outside, the 10-100 mm place direct solenoid field generator that a magnetic induction intensity is set is 100-300mT apart from its upper surface.
In austenitic stainless steel sandbox (7) outside, a frequency is set is that 3-60 Hz, input current are the two-way low-frequency ac rotating electromagnetic field generator (5) of 60-200A at 20-250 mm place apart from its lower surface.
The thin brilliant casting technique of high temperature alloy that applies composite electromagnetic field of the present invention, this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) shell is placed in the austenitic stainless steel sandbox, and around shell, be full of the back-up sand material of certain particle size size.Whole sandbox is put into resistance-heated furnace is heated to 1273K, be incubated after 1 hour and take out, the magnetic field generator that places the vacuum medium frequency induction melting furnace with in to be poured;
(2) the high temperature alloy furnace charge is added in the crucible of vacuum medium frequency induction melting furnace energising heating, fusing and refining;
(3) molten metal is filtered the back through ceramic foam filter and be poured into through running and feeding system in the shell in the austenitic stainless steel sandbox, when the molten metal liquid level is concordant with the median plane of direct solenoid field generator, stop to pour into a mould;
(4) connect the power supply of direct solenoid field generator, two-way low-frequency ac rotating electromagnetic field generator respectively, 30-240 breaks off the power supply of direct solenoid field generator, two-way low-frequency ac rotating electromagnetic field generator respectively after second when molten metal solidifies fully.
Basic design of the present invention is that the used shell of vaccum sensitive stove model casting high temperature alloy spare adopts the filling moulding pouring type; Being about to shell places in the austenitic stainless steel sandbox; And be full of the back-up sand material of certain particle size size around the shell; Then whole sandbox is put into resistance-heated furnace and be heated to 1273K, be incubated after 1 hour and take out, place the vacuum medium frequency induction melting furnace.In addition, set gradually two electromagnetic field generators at upper and lower position, the outside of austenitic stainless steel sandbox, top is the constant direct current magnetic field generator, and its median plane is concordant with the metal bath surface in the shell, and the bottom is two-way low-frequency ac rotating electromagnetic field generator.Just connect the power supply of constant direct current magnetic field generator and two-way low-frequency ac rotating electromagnetic field generator in the shell in molten metal just has been poured into the austenitic stainless steel sandbox.
The two-way low-frequency ac rotating electromagnetic field generator of bottom produces two-way rotary electromagnetic field after importing two-way low frequency ac; When its during with certain speed cutting metal liquid; Just in molten metal, produce the identical induced current of frequency; Liquid metal is as current; The effect that adds electromagnetic field outside produces electromagnetic force (
) down; This electromagnetic force can drive molten metal and clocklike move, thereby realizes the two-way rotating electromagnetic of molten metal is stirred.Under the rotating electromagnetic stirring action, the motion of liquid cave inner metal liquid aggravation.The brute force of molten metal flows and to fracture and the fusing effect forms a large amount of dendrite fragments through the power that oneself is solidified dendrite; These dendrite fragments have just formed more effective nucleation after getting into liquid metal, thereby have improved the nucleation rate of liquid metal heterogeneous nucleation.In addition, the brute force of molten metal flows can also quicken the heat transfer in liquid cave, and the thermograde in the liquid cave is reduced; Quicken the mass transport process in liquid cave, make the diffusion boundary layer attenuate in solid liquid interface forward position, the concentration gradient of solute increases, thereby the constitutional supercooling of solid liquid interface forward position liquid phase region is increased.These factors all are unfavorable for the development of column crystal and help the formation of equiax crystal.Therefore in the molten metal process of setting, apply two-way rotating electromagnetic stir can crystal grain thinning, increase equiaxial crystal ratio, alleviate central pipe and segregation, obtain the thin brilliant foundry goods of high temperature alloy of high-quality.
Produce the dc electromagnetic field of steady behind the constant direct current magnetic field generator input dc power on top; Molten metal just produces induced current when in this steady electromagnetic field, flowing; Molten metal is as current, and the effect that adds electromagnetic field outside can receive the effect of the electromagnetic force opposite with its flow direction down.Therefore apply direct current steady electromagnetic field at the metal bath surface place; What electromagnetic agitation caused in its electromagnetic system power that produces at the metal bath surface place can suppress because of type is the big ups and downs that form the metal bath surface of scull, thereby eliminates the adverse effect of the fluctuation of metal bath surface to shrinkage cavity feeding in the high temperature alloy casting solidification process.
Compared with prior art; The present invention has the following advantages and effect: the two-way low-frequency ac rotating electromagnetic field generator that 1, is provided with in the outer lower portion of austenitic stainless steel sandbox; Produce two-way rotary electromagnetic field after importing two-way low frequency ac; Its two-way rotating electromagnetic stirring action that in molten metal, produces can crystal grain thinning, increase equiaxial crystal ratio, alleviate central pipe and segregation, obtains the thin brilliant foundry goods of high temperature alloy of high-quality.2, the constant direct current magnetic field generator that is provided with in the outer upper of austenitic stainless steel sandbox; Produce the dc electromagnetic field of steady behind the input dc power; What electromagnetic agitation caused in its electromagnetic system power that produces at the metal bath surface place can suppress because of type is the big ups and downs that form the metal bath surface of scull, thereby eliminates the adverse effect of the fluctuation of metal bath surface to shrinkage cavity feeding in the high temperature alloy casting solidification process.3, this method technological principle is reliable, applicable to the production of the thin brilliant foundry goods of various high temperature alloys.
Description of drawings:
Accompanying drawing 1 is the thin brilliant casting technique theory structure sketch map of high temperature alloy that applies composite electromagnetic field.
Among the figure, 1. ceramic foam filter, 2. running and feeding system, 3. direct solenoid field generator, 4. molten metal, 5. two-way low-frequency ac rotating electromagnetic field generator, 6. shell, 7. austenitic stainless steel sandbox, 8. vacuum medium frequency induction melting furnace.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, be described in detail specific embodiments of the present invention.
The present invention applies the thin brilliant casting device of high temperature alloy of composite electromagnetic field; Comprise vacuum medium frequency induction melting furnace 8; Frequently induction melting furnace 8 centers are provided with austenitic stainless steel sandbox 7 in a vacuum; In austenitic stainless steel sandbox 7 outsides, the 10-100 mm place direct solenoid field generator 3 that a magnetic induction intensity is set is 100-300mT apart from its upper surface.In austenitic stainless steel sandbox 7 outsides, a frequency is set is that 3-60 Hz, input current are the two-way low-frequency ac rotating electromagnetic field generator 5 of 60-200A at 20-250 mm place apart from its lower surface.Be provided with running and feeding system 2 and ceramic foam filter 1 on austenitic stainless steel sandbox 7 tops.
The thin brilliant casting device of high temperature alloy that applies composite electromagnetic field of the present invention is provided with corresponding power-supply system and water-cooling system, power-supply system and water-cooling system the employing prior art is set.
Utilize the thin brilliant casting technique of being invented of the high temperature alloy that applies composite electromagnetic field to prepare the thin brilliant foundry goods of K417 high temperature alloy with device, concrete steps are following:
Step 1: adopt the preparation of the shell of filling moulding pouring type
Shell 6 is placed in the austenitic stainless steel sandbox 7, and around shell 6, be full of the back-up sand material of certain particle size size.Whole sandbox 7 is put into resistance-heated furnace be heated to 1273K, be incubated after 1 hour and take out, place the cast station of vacuum medium frequency induction melting furnace 8.
Step 2: the preparation of composite electromagnetic field generator
In austenitic stainless steel sandbox 7 outsides, the 10-100 mm place direct solenoid field generator 3 that a magnetic induction intensity is set is 100-300mT apart from its upper surface.In austenitic stainless steel sandbox 7 outsides, a frequency is set is that 3-60 Hz, input current are the two-way low-frequency ac rotating electromagnetic field generator 5 of 60-200A at 20-250 mm place apart from its lower surface.
The melting and the cast of step 3:K417 high temperature alloy molten metal
K417 high temperature alloy furnace charge is added in the crucible of vacuum medium frequency induction melting furnace 8 energising heating, fusing and refining.Then K417 high temperature alloy molten metal 4 is filtered the back through ceramic foam filter 1 and be poured into through running and feeding system 2 in the shell 6 in the austenitic stainless steel sandbox 7, when molten metal 4 liquid levels are concordant with the median plane of direct solenoid field generator 3, stop to pour into a mould.
Step 4: the thin brilliant casting of K417 high temperature alloy under the composite electromagnetic field action
Connect the power supply of direct solenoid field generator 3, two-way low-frequency ac rotating electromagnetic field generator 5 respectively; And the input current that makes direct solenoid field generator 3 reaches 120A, magnetic field intensity reaches 240mT, and the input current of two-way low-frequency ac rotating electromagnetic field generator 5 reaches 160A, magnetic field intensity reaches 110mT.30-240 breaks off the power supply of direct solenoid field generator 3, two-way low-frequency ac rotating electromagnetic field generator 5 respectively after second when molten metal 4 solidifies fully.
Step 5: quality examination
Observe K417 high temperature alloy foundry goods; Compare with the foundry goods that does not apply composite electromagnetic field; Can observe the rising head upper surface and overlap not occur, macroscopical solidified structure observation is carried out in the vertical section and the cross section of foundry goods, the result reaches 100% for the grain refinement of foundry goods to 0.095mm, section proportion of equiaxed grain; The feeding of rising head is respond well, and the shrinkage cavity shrinkage porosity in the foundry goods is less.
Claims (5)
1. thin brilliant casting device of high temperature alloy that applies composite electromagnetic field; Comprise vacuum medium frequency induction melting furnace (8); It is characterized in that: induction melting furnace (8) center is provided with austenitic stainless steel sandbox (7) frequently in a vacuum; Be provided with direct solenoid field generator (3) and two-way low-frequency ac rotating electromagnetic field generator (5) in austenitic stainless steel sandbox (7) outside, be provided with running and feeding system (2) and ceramic foam filter (1) on austenitic stainless steel sandbox (7) top.
2. the thin brilliant casting device of high temperature alloy that applies composite electromagnetic field according to claim 1; Gas is characterised in that: in austenitic stainless steel sandbox (7) outside, and the 10-100 mm place direct solenoid field generator (3) that a magnetic induction intensity is set is 100-300mT apart from its upper surface.
3. the thin brilliant casting device of high temperature alloy that applies composite electromagnetic field according to claim 1; Gas is characterised in that: in austenitic stainless steel sandbox (7) outside, a frequency is set is that 3-60 Hz, input current are the two-way low-frequency ac rotating electromagnetic field generator (5) of 60-200A at 20-250 mm place apart from its lower surface.
4. the thin brilliant casting technique of high temperature alloy that applies composite electromagnetic field adopts the described device of claim 1, and this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) shell (6) is placed in the austenitic stainless steel sandbox (7), and be full of the back-up sand material of certain particle size size on every side at shell (6).
5. whole sandbox (7) is put into resistance-heated furnace and be heated to 1273K, be incubated after 1 hour and take out, place in magnetic field generator (3) and (5) of vacuum medium frequency induction melting furnace (8) to be poured;
(2) the high temperature alloy furnace charge is added in the crucible of vacuum medium frequency induction melting furnace (8) energising heating, fusing and refining;
(3) molten metal (4) is filtered the back through ceramic foam filter (1) and be poured into through running and feeding system (2) in the shell (6) in the austenitic stainless steel sandbox (7), when molten metal (4) liquid level is concordant with the median plane of direct solenoid field generator (3), stop to pour into a mould;
(4) connect the power supply of direct solenoid field generator (3), two-way low-frequency ac rotating electromagnetic field generator (5) respectively; 30-240 is after second, when molten metal (4) breaks off the power supply of direct solenoid field generator (3), two-way low-frequency ac rotating electromagnetic field generator (5) respectively when solidifying fully.
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| CN104439195A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2015-03-25 | 上海大学 | Method for refining metal solidification structure through riser pulse magneto oscillation |
| CN104826997A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-12 | 沈阳工业大学 | Casting riser induction heating device, and casting riser induction heating method |
| CN105057641A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2015-11-18 | 航天海鹰(哈尔滨)钛业有限公司 | Novel smelting furnace |
| CN105400974A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-03-16 | 江苏奇纳新材料科技有限公司 | Low-segregation fine crystalline preparation process of high-temperature mother alloy |
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| CN107214322A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-09-29 | 上海大学 | Magnetostatic field composite rotating magnetic field homogenizes the method and its device of large-sized casting ingot solidified structure |
| CN107737908A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-02-27 | 东风精密铸造安徽有限公司 | A kind of vacuum casting high temperature alloy device |
| CN108705038A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-10-26 | 百色皓海碳素有限公司 | The system for producing crusher abrasion-resistant blade casting using steel scrap |
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| CN115679137A (en) * | 2021-07-31 | 2023-02-03 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for refining isometric crystal grains of K4750 nickel-based superalloy casting test bar |
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| CN103817313B (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2016-01-13 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of preparation method of integral fine crystal radial impeller foundry goods |
| CN103817313A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-28 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Manufacturing method of one-piece fine-grain centripetal impeller casting |
| CN104439195A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2015-03-25 | 上海大学 | Method for refining metal solidification structure through riser pulse magneto oscillation |
| CN104826997A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-12 | 沈阳工业大学 | Casting riser induction heating device, and casting riser induction heating method |
| CN105057641A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2015-11-18 | 航天海鹰(哈尔滨)钛业有限公司 | Novel smelting furnace |
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| CN106929699A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-07 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device and method |
| CN107042298B (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2019-03-29 | 涿州新卓立航空精密科技有限公司 | The high mold-filling capacity fine grain foundry furnace of magnetostatic cause high undercooling and application method |
| CN107214322A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-09-29 | 上海大学 | Magnetostatic field composite rotating magnetic field homogenizes the method and its device of large-sized casting ingot solidified structure |
| CN107042298A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-08-15 | 涿州新卓立航空精密科技有限公司 | The magnetostatic cause high mold-filling capacity fine grain foundry furnace of high undercooling and application method |
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| CN107214322B (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2019-06-25 | 上海大学 | Magnetostatic field composite rotating magnetic field homogenizes the method and device thereof of large-scale casting ingot solidified structure |
| CN107737908A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-02-27 | 东风精密铸造安徽有限公司 | A kind of vacuum casting high temperature alloy device |
| CN108817357A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-16 | 涿州新卓立航空精密科技有限公司 | The difunctional foundry furnace of fine grain, monocrystalline and single crystal casting method and fine grain casting method |
| CN108817357B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2021-05-25 | 赵京晨 | Double-function casting furnace for fine crystal and single crystal |
| CN108705038A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-10-26 | 百色皓海碳素有限公司 | The system for producing crusher abrasion-resistant blade casting using steel scrap |
| CN109482844A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-03-19 | 江苏大学 | Complex precise casting fine grain casting device and method |
| CN115679137A (en) * | 2021-07-31 | 2023-02-03 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for refining isometric crystal grains of K4750 nickel-based superalloy casting test bar |
| CN115679137B (en) * | 2021-07-31 | 2023-07-25 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for refining equiaxed crystal grains of K4750 nickel-based superalloy casting test bar |
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Application publication date: 20120704 |