CN101708531A - Method for improving fluidity of alloy melt and rotating electromagnetic field generation device - Google Patents
Method for improving fluidity of alloy melt and rotating electromagnetic field generation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101708531A CN101708531A CN200910093920A CN200910093920A CN101708531A CN 101708531 A CN101708531 A CN 101708531A CN 200910093920 A CN200910093920 A CN 200910093920A CN 200910093920 A CN200910093920 A CN 200910093920A CN 101708531 A CN101708531 A CN 101708531A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for improving fluidity of alloy melt. The method comprises the following steps: 1) heating and melting aluminum alloy and then performing heat insulation treatment so as to obtain overheated aluminum alloy melt; and 2) moving the overheated aluminum alloy melt after heat insulation treatment into a rotating electromagnetic field generation device for stirring-cooling treatment. The rotating electromagnetic field generation device comprises an electromagnetic stirrer body, wherein a plurality of uniformly distributed magnetic field generation sources are arranged in a wall body of the electromagnetic stirrer body; circulating cooling water flows around the magnetic field generation sources; the outsides of the magnetic field generation sources are connected to a control cabinet; in an inside cavity of the electromagnetic stirrer body, a bottom cushion is provided with a heat insulation spacer, and the inner sidewall is provided with a temperature controller; a space for placing a crucible is reserved inside the temperature controller; and the outside of the temperature controller is connected to a control instrument. The method effectively improves the organization performance and fluidity of alloy through the superposed composite effects of heating and heat insulation plus stirring and cooling. The method has the advantages of simple process and wide application range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to alloy melt, particularly about a kind of method and device that improves fluidity of alloy melt.
Background technology
Alusil alloy is because of it has advantages of good casting, mechanical performance is widely used in fields such as automobile, Aero-Space.Current, along with the lightweight technology rapid development, especially in the casting process, for thin-wall part; thin-walled fills type has higher requirement to the combination properties such as flowability of alloy especially, how further to improve alloy structure, improve the problem that processability is the common concern of numerous research workers institute.
The flowability of liquid metal or liquid alloy can think to determine mold-filling capacity down in other condition, and it is had nothing to do with extraneous factor by decisions such as the composition of liquid metal, temperature, impurity contents.By alloy melt being carried out chemistry or physical method is handled, not only can improve alloy solidified structure, improve mechanical property, also can the flowability of alloy be exerted an influence.Aspect chemical treatment, it is main mainly adding chemical element in the alloy in the past, for example for aluminium alloy, adds elements such as strontium, boron and mishmetal in the alloy melt and improves its flowability.But the skewness of alloying element in melt can produce defectives such as hot tearing, segregation, pad pasting, and especially for the higher aluminium alloy of magnesium content, defective is more serious.By the method for the compound interpolation of alloying element also can being improved the flowability of aluminium alloy melt, but add element proportioning be not easy accurate control, even can bring other influences, as produce new field trash etc.Therefore, singlely often not reaching desirable effect by chemical treatment method, will be more efficiently means and by the method that physical method or physics combine with chemistry alloy melt is handled.
Uniformity and the flowability of utilizing rotary electromagnetic field to improve alloy melt are the typical physical methods that processing is handled to alloy melt.In solid-liquid phase line temperature range, utilize rotary electromagnetic field to act on the common method that cold alloy melt is the preparation semi solid slurry.In the not high temperature range, utilizing rotary electromagnetic field to act on overheated alloy melt also is the important way that liquid metal processing is handled more than liquidus curve.And in the above uniform temperature of the liquidus curve interval, control in the cooling procedure of overheated alloy melt, by utilizing the rotary electromagnetic field continuous action, change the structure of melt and then the research that improves liquidity has not yet to see relevant report in melt.
It equally also is to make alloy melt temperature and concentration field effective ways more uniformly that heat tracing is handled, and for state that improves melt and structure facilitation is arranged also.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of method and device that improves fluidity of alloy melt, and it utilizes the combination process of " heat tracing+stirring cooling " to improve the flowability of alloy melt when casting effectively.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of method that improves fluidity of alloy melt comprises the steps:
1) alloy is heated melting and insulation is handled: at first alloy is heated melting, reach the above uniform temperature of liquidus curve after, be incubated, obtain the overheated alloy melt of definite temperature;
2) overheated alloy melt is stirred cooling processing: the overheated alloy melt that produces in the step 1) is quantitatively placed rotating electromagnetic field generation device, overheated alloy melt is stirred under the effect of rotary electromagnetic field, simultaneously be reduced to cast temperature, obtain alloy melt to be cast with certain cooling velocity.
The crucible of the described alloy melt of splendid attire is made by the high temperature resistant non-electromagnetic shielding material with certain intensity.
In step 1), described alloy is heated melting reach before the holding temperature, carry out the insulation first time, temperature retention time 20min, and the processing of skimming.
Process to alloy melt is incubated adopts one of following method: 1. carry out, be transferred to the rotating electromagnetic field generation device from holding furnace by the time stir when cooling off again in holding furnace; 2. directly in rotating electromagnetic field generation device, carry out.
When described alloy melt was aluminium alloy, then in step 1), the holding temperature of aluminium alloy melt was 650～950 ℃, and temperature retention time is 30～40min; In step 2) in, the stirring initial temperature of aluminium alloy melt is 650～900 ℃ of temperature, and cooling velocity is 0.5～1.2 ℃/s, and mixing time is 30～90s.
A kind of rotating electromagnetic field generation device of realizing said method, it is characterized in that: it comprises a body magnetic stirrer, in the wall body of described body magnetic stirrer, be provided with several uniform magnetic fields the source takes place, the recirculated cooling water of having flowed through around source takes place in each described magnetic field, described magnetic field takes place to link a switch board outside the source, pad is provided with the heat insulation pad in the inner chambers bottom of described body magnetic stirrer, the madial wall of being close to described body magnetic stirrer is provided with temperature controller, the inner chamber of described temperature controller is for placing the space of crucible, and described temperature controller is linked control instrument outward.
Described recirculated cooling water circulates in a circulating cooling system, described circulating cooling system comprises a water tank, the outlet pipe of described water tank is connected to a heat exchanger by water pump, the cooling water outlet of described heat exchanger connects the water inlet pipe of described body magnetic stirrer, and the outlet pipe tieback of described body magnetic stirrer is to described water tank.
Generation source, described magnetic field is one of magnetic winding type or magnetic pole type.
The excitation frequency of described switch board is 0～100Hz, and exciting current is 0～300A.
The present invention is owing to take above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention adopts the combination process of " heat tracing+stirring cooling ", processing processing mode than single melt has superiority, alloy melt is carried out combination process processing to be handled, the effect that is produced is not a kind of simple accumulative action, but a kind of compound action of stack.Therefore, the present invention is the basic handling operation with the heat tracing of alloy melt, with the main treatment process of being used as of rotary electromagnetic field, by " heat tracing+stirring cooling " composite methods alloy melt is processed processing, has improved its flowability.2, compare with other stirring action, rotary electromagnetic field stirs initial configuration and the state that has changed melt, the diffusion of having quickened atom in the melt or atom group with reconfigure, make in the melt temperature field and density field distribution more even, and then improved the flow regime of melt; The rotating electromagnetic field action has also changed process of setting simultaneously, makes solidified structure obtain refinement and homogenising, has reduced the flow resistance of alloy melt, has improved its feeding capacity, and then makes mobile the raising.3, rotary electromagnetic field can not produce pollution to the alloy melt effect, and cost is lower, is easy to be applied to produce actual.4, the heat tracing of alloy melt is handled and to be made melt temperature and concentration field more even equally, for state that improves melt and structure facilitation is arranged also.Technology of the present invention is simple, is easy to realize aborning, is applicable to sand mold, permanent mold casting, low pressure casting etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of rotating electromagnetic field generation device
Fig. 2 is magnetic winding hydrologic cycle cooling system figure
Fig. 3 is the flow index comparison diagram of the embodiment of the invention one
Fig. 4 is the flow index comparison diagram of the embodiment of the invention two
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
The method of raising fluidity of alloy melt provided by the invention, it comprises the steps:
1) alloy is heated melting and insulation is handled: at first alloy is heated melting, reach the above uniform temperature of liquidus curve after, be incubated, obtain the overheated alloy melt of definite temperature;
2) overheated alloy melt is stirred cooling processing: the overheated alloy melt that produces in the step 1) is quantitatively placed rotating electromagnetic field generation device, overheated alloy melt is stirred under the effect of rotary electromagnetic field, simultaneously be reduced to cast temperature, obtain alloy melt to be cast with certain cooling velocity.
In the above-mentioned steps,, can in holding furnace, carry out earlier, be transferred to the rotating electromagnetic field generation device from holding furnace again by the time stir when cooling off to the process that alloy melt is incubated; After also can being heated to set point of temperature, being placed directly in the rotating electromagnetic field generation device and being incubated alloy melt.
In the method, the crucible of splendid attire alloy melt is that the high temperature resistant non-electromagnetic shielding material of certain intensity is made, as stainless steel crucible or graphite crucible.
The holding temperature that is applicable to a kind of aluminium alloy melt of the inventive method is 650～950 ℃, and temperature retention time is 30～40min; Whipping temp is 650～900 ℃ of temperature, and the cooling velocity in the melt whipping process is 0.5～1.2 ℃/s, and mixing time is 30～90s.In the practical operation, specifically can be: open the fusing resistance furnace, aluminium alloy is put into graphite crucible, be warming up to 720～750 ℃ and be incubated, treat to leave standstill after alloy melts fully insulation 20min, the refining processing of skimming.Then alloy melt is poured in the crucible of preheating (melt is filled crucible), add and put into holding furnace behind the seal cover and carry out heat tracing, holding temperature is 650～950 ℃, temperature retention time is 30～40min, the crucible that will fill melt takes out from holding furnace then, be transferred in the rotary electromagnetic field agitator inner chamber, start agitator, in 650～900 ℃ of temperature ranges alloy melt being carried out electromagnetic field handles, the melt cooling velocity is controlled at 0.5～1.2 ℃/s in this process, mixing time is 30～90s, stirs and finishes to cast after the back superheated melt leaves standstill a little, and cast temperature is 630～750 ℃.
In order to realize said method, the invention provides a kind of rotating electromagnetic field generation device, as shown in Figure 1, it comprises body magnetic stirrer, switch board, cooling system, temperature controller, heat insulation pad etc.Body magnetic stirrer 1 is a drum shape, is provided with six identical magnetic windings 2 in the bucket wall of body magnetic stirrer, and the magnetic winding adopts Y-connection, is evenly distributed in the agitator bucket wall, when connecting three-phase current, will produce rotary electromagnetic field.The magnetic winding is linked switch board 3 outward, and the magnetic field intensity of magnetic winding changes by the exciting current and the frequency of regulating switch board, and excitation frequency and electric current are stepless adjustable.Magnetic winding 2 adopts independently that recirculated cooling water directly cools off, a kind of hydrologic cycle cooling system provided by the invention as shown in Figure 2, it comprises the water circulation pipe of being made up of water tank 4, heat exchanger 5, water pump 6 and body magnetic stirrer 1.The water outlet of water tank 4 flow into heat exchanger 5 by water pump 6; The oral siphon of the cold water that produces after the heat exchange on body magnetic stirrer 1 flows to the body magnetic stirrer, directly cools off magnetic winding 2, and the outlet pipe on the body magnetic stirrer flow back into water tank 4 then.Pad is provided with heat insulation pad 7 in the inner chambers bottom of body magnetic stirrer 1, is close to the inwall of body magnetic stirrer, and on heat insulation pad 7, is placed with annular temperature controller 8, the outer control instrument 9 that is connected with on the temperature controller 8.In the inboard of temperature controller, leave the space that to place crucible 10.
The above-mentioned rotating electromagnetic field generation device that provides only is wherein a kind of, the source takes place for magnetic field in the body magnetic stirrer can be magnetic winding type or magnetic pole is rotary all can, as long as alloy melt state and structure are improved, various rotating electromagnetic field generation devices commonly used can, all be suitable for as the agitating device that changes the rotating electromagnetic field intensity by the size of regulating exciting current and frequency etc.
During work, the crucible 10 that overheated alloy melt 11 is housed is placed in the temperature controller 8, on the seal cover 12 of crucible, adds briquetting 13, and a thermocouple 14 is passed seal cover be inserted in the crucible.Turn on agitator body and temperature controller make device under certain magnetic field intensity and under the cooling velocity, stir, and control the flowability of melt and solidify behavior by control body magnetic stirrer and temperature controller.Be the specific embodiment of two experiments carrying out of adopting said method and this device below:
Choose the aluminium alloy that is applicable to the inventive method, each element and quality percentage composition thereof are respectively: Si:7.0～12.7%; Mg:0.40～0.90%; Ti:0.10～0.20%; Surplus is impurity and Al; Wherein, impurity is any one or a few the mixture among Fe, Zr, Cu, Zn or the Mn, and the content of Fe element is less than 0.06%, the content of Zr element is less than 0.005%, the content of Cu element is less than 0.02%, and the content of Zn element is less than 0.003%, and the content of Mn element is less than 0.005%; The total content of impurity is less than 0.1%.
Test is as shown in table 1 with the chemical composition of aluminium alloy cast ingot, adopts differential thermal analysis (DSC) method to record this alloy liquid phase line temperature and is about 616.9 ℃, and the binary eutectic temperature is about 577.2 ℃.The consumption of aluminium alloy is 1.6Kg in this test, and the quality of alloy is 16Kg in the melting furnace.
The chemical composition of table 1 test usefulness aluminium alloy cast ingot (mass percent, %)
The used agitating device of present embodiment is a magnetic winding type rotating electromagnetic field generation device, and the exciting current of switch board and the adjustable range of frequency are respectively I=0～100A, f=0～50Hz.
Graphite crucible is put into smelting furnace, resistance furnace power is 18KW, when rising to 720 ℃, temperature is incubated, treat to leave standstill after alloy melts fully insulation 20min, the refining processing of skimming, 725 ℃ of melt observed temperatures, then alloy melt is poured in the stainless steel crucible of preheating, put into holding furnace heat tracing 30min after adding seal cover, the observed temperature of alloy melt is 796 ℃, the crucible that to fill melt then takes out from holding furnace and is transferred in the body magnetic stirrer, open body magnetic stirrer (exciting current I=30A by switch board, excitation frequency f=20Hz), stirring the beginning temperature is 780 ℃, mixing time is 45s, the melt cooling velocity is 1.1 ℃/s in the whipping process, after stirring end alloy melt is taken out from the body magnetic stirrer, superheated melt is cast after leaving standstill a little, cast temperature is 722 ℃, directly pour into the moving property testing device of concentric triple helical linear flow, watering glass preheat temperature is 100 ℃, spiral mould drying rear surface temperature is 30 ℃, alloy melt in the stainless steel crucible all pours into the spiral casting mold, obtain the screw type sample of overheated alloy melt after combination process processing is handled, its shape and size are with reference to " casting technique basis (1979, Beijing Publishing House) " method designs, and every interval 50mm is carved with mark.Room temperature is taken out sample after solidifying a period of time, is flow index L with three helix metal flow length of each test
rArithmetic mean of instantaneous value as test result.
Keep identical without the acquisition of the spiral sample of electromagnetic agitation and other process of electromagnetic agitation, the contrast of test result as shown in Figure 3.Obtain the L of alloy sample by different melt-treatment mode in the comparison diagram
rAs can be seen, and compare without the fluidity of alloy melt of rotating electromagnetic field action, under 722 ℃ of cast temperatures, alloy melt is through after the stir process, and the average flow index improves 2%.
Test is identical with embodiment 1 with alloy, rotating electromagnetic field generation device and technical process, and difference is: melt heat tracing temperature difference, and the heat tracing temperature in the present embodiment is 750 ℃, stirring the beginning temperature is 725 ℃; The cast temperature difference, cast temperature is 670 ℃ in the present embodiment.Other condition that alloy melt is handled without rotary electromagnetic field is with identical through the condition of electromagnetic field processing, fluidity testing result's contrast as shown in Figure 4, by the L of different-alloy sample in the comparison diagram
rAs can be seen, and compare without the fluidity of alloy melt of rotating electromagnetic field action, under 670 ℃ of cast temperatures, alloy melt is through after the stir process, and the average flow index enlarges markedly, and has improved 13%.Illustrate that melt heat tracing and rotating electromagnetic field action change alloy melt state and structure, and then make melt temperature field and concentration field more even, improved its flowability.
Claims (10)
1. a method that improves fluidity of alloy melt comprises the steps:
1) alloy is heated melting and insulation is handled: at first alloy is heated melting, reach the above uniform temperature of liquidus curve after, be incubated, obtain the overheated alloy melt of definite temperature;
2) overheated alloy melt is stirred cooling processing: the overheated alloy melt that produces in the step 1) is quantitatively placed rotating electromagnetic field generation device, overheated alloy melt is stirred under the effect of rotary electromagnetic field, simultaneously be reduced to cast temperature, obtain alloy melt to be cast with certain cooling velocity.
2. a kind of method that improves fluidity of alloy melt as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the crucible of the described alloy melt of splendid attire is made by the high temperature resistant non-electromagnetic shielding material with certain intensity.
3. a kind of method that improves fluidity of alloy melt as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in step 1), described alloy is heated melting reach before the holding temperature, carry out the insulation first time, temperature retention time 20min, and the processing of skimming.
4. a kind of method that improves fluidity of alloy melt as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the process that alloy melt is incubated, adopt one of following method: 1. in holding furnace, carry out, be transferred to the rotating electromagnetic field generation device from holding furnace again by the time stir when cooling off; 2. directly in rotating electromagnetic field generation device, carry out.
5. as claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described a kind of methods that improve fluidity of alloy melt, it is characterized in that: when described alloy melt was aluminium alloy, then in step 1), the holding temperature of aluminium alloy melt was 650～950 ℃, and temperature retention time is 30～40min; In step 2) in, the stirring initial temperature of aluminium alloy melt is 650～900 ℃ of temperature, and cooling velocity is 0.5～1.2 ℃/s, and mixing time is 30～90s.
6. the described rotating electromagnetic field generation device of one of a realization such as claim 1～5, it is characterized in that: it comprises a body magnetic stirrer, in the wall body of described body magnetic stirrer, be provided with several uniform magnetic fields the source takes place, the recirculated cooling water of having flowed through around source takes place in each described magnetic field, described magnetic field takes place to link a switch board outside the source, pad is provided with the heat insulation pad in the inner chambers bottom of described body magnetic stirrer, the madial wall of being close to described body magnetic stirrer is provided with temperature controller, the inner chamber of described temperature controller is for placing the space of crucible, and described temperature controller is linked control instrument outward.
7. a kind of rotating electromagnetic field generation device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: described recirculated cooling water circulates in a circulating cooling system, described circulating cooling system comprises a water tank, the outlet pipe of described water tank is connected to a heat exchanger by water pump, the cooling water outlet of described heat exchanger connects the water inlet pipe of described body magnetic stirrer, and the outlet pipe tieback of described body magnetic stirrer is to described water tank.
8. a kind of rotating electromagnetic field generation device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: generation source, described magnetic field is one of magnetic winding type or magnetic pole type.
9. as claim 6 or 7 described a kind of rotating electromagnetic field generation devices, it is characterized in that: the excitation frequency of described switch board is 0～100Hz, and exciting current is 0～300A.
10. a kind of rotating electromagnetic field generation device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: the excitation frequency of described switch board is 0～100Hz, and exciting current is 0～300A.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103317106A (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2013-09-25 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method and device for improving casting quality of large steel ingots |
| CN105121065A (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2015-12-02 | Abb技术有限公司 | Method, controller and tundish control system for a continuous casting process |
| CN105750525A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-07-13 | 中北大学 | Aluminum alloy suspending quantitative casting control method |
| CN106424567A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-02-22 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Composite electromagnetic pulse solidification structure treatment device and method for casting of ultralumin |
| CN106929699A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-07 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device and method |
| CN107299240A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-10-27 | 东北大学秦皇岛分校 | It is a kind of to improve the method for al-ti-b refiner structure property |
| CN109694937A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-30 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Spiral electromagnetic stirring heater and its method for preparing double deoxidizer |
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2009
- 2009-09-23 CN CN2009100939201A patent/CN101708531B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103317106A (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2013-09-25 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method and device for improving casting quality of large steel ingots |
| CN103317106B (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2015-05-20 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method and device for improving casting quality of large steel ingots |
| CN105121065A (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2015-12-02 | Abb技术有限公司 | Method, controller and tundish control system for a continuous casting process |
| CN106929699A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-07 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device and method |
| CN106929699B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2018-07-27 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of large volume high-alloying aluminium alloy melt treatment device and method |
| CN105750525A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-07-13 | 中北大学 | Aluminum alloy suspending quantitative casting control method |
| CN106424567A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-02-22 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Composite electromagnetic pulse solidification structure treatment device and method for casting of ultralumin |
| CN106424567B (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2018-05-04 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Superhard aluminum casting composite electromagnetic pulse solidified structure processing unit and method |
| CN107299240A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-10-27 | 东北大学秦皇岛分校 | It is a kind of to improve the method for al-ti-b refiner structure property |
| CN107299240B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2019-04-05 | 东北大学秦皇岛分校 | A method of improving al-ti-b refiner structure property |
| CN109694937A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-30 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Spiral electromagnetic stirring heater and its method for preparing double deoxidizer |
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| CN101708531B (en) | 2012-03-07 |
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