CN212335263U - Electron beam induced layer condensation device for preparing high-temperature alloy difficult to deform - Google Patents
Electron beam induced layer condensation device for preparing high-temperature alloy difficult to deform Download PDFInfo
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- CN212335263U CN212335263U CN202021779288.4U CN202021779288U CN212335263U CN 212335263 U CN212335263 U CN 212335263U CN 202021779288 U CN202021779288 U CN 202021779288U CN 212335263 U CN212335263 U CN 212335263U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an electron beam induced layer condensing device for preparing difficult-deformation high-temperature alloy. The device comprises a furnace body, a control unit, an induction melting unit, an electron beam purification unit, a layer condensation unit, a temperature monitoring unit and a vacuum unit; the induction melting unit, the purification unit and the layer condensation unit are arranged in the furnace body; the induction smelting unit is used for smelting and refining the alloy raw material; the electron beam purification unit is used for purifying the melt obtained after smelting and refining; the layer condensation unit is used for cooling the purified melt and enabling the purified melt to form a layer condensation structure; the temperature monitoring unit is used for monitoring the melt temperature in the induction melting unit and the layer condensation unit; the control unit is used for controlling the automatic operation of the induction melting unit, the purification unit, the layer condensation unit, the temperature monitoring unit and the vacuum unit; the vacuum unit is used for providing a vacuum environment for the furnace body. The utility model discloses the device helps solving difficult deformation superalloy segregation serious, the tissue is thick and the poor technical bottleneck of thermoplasticity.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of difficult high temperature alloy that warp prepares, more specifically relates to a device is congealed to difficult high temperature alloy preparation electron beam induction layer.
Background
As a core hot end part of an engine, a high-temperature alloy turbine disc must have continuously improved temperature bearing and bearing capacity, and the preparation technology of the high-temperature alloy turbine disc becomes one of the important key technologies for the design and manufacture of modern aircraft engines. At present, the temperature bearing capacity of a turbine disc in a high-performance aircraft engine is 700-800 ℃, the content of Al, Ti and Nb in the used high-temperature alloy which is difficult to deform is up to 10 wt%, the content of a strengthening phase is 45-55%, and the level is close to that of a cast high-temperature alloy.
The preparation process of the turbine disc mainly comprises alloy design, triple smelting (vacuum induction (VIM), electroslag remelting (ESR), vacuum consumable electrode (VAR)), homogenizing annealing, repeated upsetting-drawing cogging, die forging forming and heat treatment, and finally the turbine disc is prepared. The existing triple smelting process has the defects of long production period, high cost, low material yield and the like, and particularly cannot solve the technical bottlenecks of serious segregation of alloy elements and poor thermoplasticity, so that the hot processing performance of the alloy is extremely poor. These problems have greatly limited the development of hard-to-deform superalloys and have severely affected the development of engines of the relevant type.
At present, the vacuum induction melting technology is the most mature technology for producing high-temperature alloy, and the technology has no requirements on the size and the shape of raw materials. However, the difficult-to-deform alloy ingot obtained by the traditional vacuum induction melting has the problems of high element segregation degree, relatively thick structure, a large amount of shrinkage cavities and the like, and the hot processing capability of the alloy ingot is poor. And the ingot obtained by vacuum induction melting of the high-temperature alloy difficult to deform can be deformed at high temperature by further refining and purification. The electron beam purification high-temperature alloy technology has obvious advantages in the aspects of temperature, vacuum degree, solidification control and the like. In addition, the controllability of the electron beams is good, and the heating part of the molten pool can be controlled by controlling the electron beams, so that the temperature distribution of the molten pool is ensured to be uniform, and the cast ingot with excellent surface quality is obtained. However, the raw material melting speed in the electron beam purification process is low, so that the energy consumption of a high-energy electron beam system is obviously increased, and the service life of an electron gun is reduced; in addition, the existing electron beam preparation of high-purity alloy only requires to remove impurity elements and has no requirement on the solidification structure of metal. Therefore, the existing electron beam refining and purifying technology cannot meet the requirements of the high-temperature alloy which is difficult to deform on element segregation and solidification structure regulation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at long, with high costs, as cast condition structure segregation is serious and the coarse problem of crystalline grain to the traditional trigeminy of difficult deformation superalloy smelts the cycle, provide a difficult deformation superalloy preparation with electron beam induced layer congeals device and method, the device helps solving difficult deformation superalloy segregation serious, the structure is thick and the poor technical bottleneck of thermoplasticity, thereby realize the low cost of difficult deformation superalloy, short flow preparation new technology, provide technical support for the development and the application of deformation superalloy and key component manufacturing technology.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a device is congealed to difficult deformation superalloy preparation electron beam induction layer, the device includes: the device comprises a furnace body, a control unit, an induction melting unit, an electron beam purification unit, a layer condensation unit, a temperature monitoring unit and a vacuum unit;
the induction melting unit, the purification unit and the layer condensation unit are arranged in the furnace body;
the induction smelting unit is used for smelting and refining alloy raw materials;
the electron beam purification unit is used for purifying the melt obtained after smelting and refining;
the layer condensation unit is used for cooling the purified melt and enabling the purified melt to form a layer condensation structure;
the temperature monitoring unit is used for monitoring the melt temperature in the induction melting unit and the layer condensation unit;
the control unit is used for controlling the automatic operation of the induction melting unit, the purification unit, the layer condensation unit, the temperature monitoring unit and the vacuum unit;
the vacuum unit is used for providing a vacuum environment for the furnace body.
Preferably, the induction melting unit comprises: the device comprises an induction coil, an induction melting crucible, an induction power supply and a rotating motor; the induction coil is wound on the outer wall of the induction melting crucible, the induction coil is connected with the induction power supply, and the rotating motor is arranged at the bottom of the induction melting crucible and used for controlling the induction melting crucible to turn over.
Preferably, the electron beam purification unit is arranged above the layer condensation unit and comprises an electron gun, and the electron gun is arranged in the furnace body and is used for emitting electron beams;
the device also comprises an electron gun vacuum component, wherein the electron gun vacuum component is connected with the electron gun and used for vacuumizing the electron gun.
Preferably, the layer condensing unit comprises a water-cooled copper crucible, a water-cooled copper crucible supporting table and a servo motor; the water-cooled copper crucible is arranged on the water-cooled copper crucible supporting table, and the servo motor is arranged at the lower part of the water-cooled copper crucible supporting table and is used for controlling the water-cooled copper crucible supporting table to move up and down along the vertical direction; the water-cooled copper crucible is used for cooling the entering melt.
Preferably, be provided with the water inlet on the bottom outer wall of water-cooling copper crucible, be provided with the delivery port on the upper portion lateral wall, water inlet and inlet channel intercommunication, delivery port and outlet channel intercommunication, be provided with water pressure sensor on the inlet channel, be provided with temperature sensor and hot type flow switch on the outlet channel.
Preferably, the temperature monitoring unit is arranged at the top of the furnace body and comprises an infrared imager and a mechanical transmission part, wherein the mechanical transmission part is connected with the infrared imager and used for controlling the infrared imager to perform swinging motion so as to monitor the melt temperature in the induction melting unit and the layer solidifying unit.
Preferably, the vacuum unit includes a mechanical pump, a booster pump, a diffusion pump, a vacuum tester, a solenoid valve, and a piping member; the pipeline components are arranged on two sides of the furnace body, the electromagnetic valves are arranged on the pipeline components on two sides of the furnace body, and the diffusion pump, the booster pump and the mechanical pump are sequentially arranged on the pipeline component on one side of the furnace body in series; the vacuum tester is disposed on the duct member.
Preferably, the number of the diffusion pumps is at least two, and the at least two diffusion pumps are arranged on the pipeline member in parallel.
Preferably, the vacuum tester is provided in plurality.
The technical scheme of the utility model following beneficial effect has:
(1) can prepare the high homogeneity refractory superalloy, the utility model discloses the device can be with the segregation degree control of element in the layer coating, has solved the refractory superalloy ingot casting macrosegregation serious problem of high alloying.
(2) The device can realize solidification structure control, only focuses on pure purification smelting in the production process of the traditional deformation high-temperature alloy, has higher difficulty in controlling the solidification structure of the alloy, and controls the thickness of a layer coating layer and the state of crystal grains of the alloy by using the induction smelting unit for casting, the electron beam heating and the layer solidifying unit to generate temperature gradient along the vertical direction in the alloy solidification process, thereby improving the thermoplasticity of the high-temperature alloy difficult to deform and solving the problem of poor hot processing performance of the alloy.
(3) The method realizes the short-flow and low-cost preparation of the refractory alloy, the traditional refractory alloy needs triple smelting (vacuum induction smelting, electroslag remelting and vacuum consumable consumption) to prepare the ingot with serious macrosegregation and thick structure, and the triple smelting has long production period, low yield and high cost. The utility model discloses the device is gathered gold and is smelted, refine, layer and cover and solidify in an organic whole, realizes the simply connected smelting (vacuum induction smelting combines electron beam layer to congeal the technique) new technology, reaches the short flow of difficult high temperature alloy that warp, low-cost manufacturing purpose.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electron beam induced layer condensation device for preparing a refractory superalloy according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a structure of an induction melting crucible in an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a water-cooled copper crucible in an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of the microstructure of a hard-to-deform superalloy ingot prepared by an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows a hard-to-deform superalloy blank prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention at 1100 deg.C/0.1 s-1The sample is thermally compressed.
FIG. 6 shows a hard-to-deform superalloy blank prepared according to a comparative example of the present invention at 1100 deg.C/0.1 s-1The sample is thermally compressed.
Fig. 7 shows the thermal compression stress-strain curves at 1100 ℃/0.1s "1 for the hard-to-deform superalloy blanks prepared according to the examples and comparative examples of the present invention. In the figure, the horizontal axis represents strain, and the vertical axis represents stress, MPa.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a furnace body; 2. an electron gun; 3. an induction melting crucible; 4. water-cooling the copper crucible; 5. melting the materials; 61. a diffusion pump, 62, a booster pump, 63, a mechanical pump; 7. an electromagnetic valve; 8. a piping member; 9. a rotating electric machine; 10. a water-cooled copper crucible support table; 11. an infrared imager; 12. an induction coil; 13. an inductive power supply; 14. a water inlet; 15. a water outlet; 16. casting ingots; 17. (ii) a lamellar coagulated tissue; 18. columnar grains; 19. a vacuum tester.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The utility model provides a difficult high temperature alloy preparation is with induced layer of electron beam congeals device that warp, the device includes: the device comprises a furnace body, a control unit, an induction melting unit, an electron beam purification unit, a layer condensation unit, a temperature monitoring unit and a vacuum unit;
the induction melting unit, the purification unit and the layer condensation unit are arranged in the furnace body;
the induction smelting unit is used for smelting and refining alloy raw materials;
the electron beam purification unit is used for purifying the melt obtained after smelting and refining;
the layer condensation unit is used for cooling the purified melt and enabling the purified melt to form a layer condensation structure;
the temperature monitoring unit is used for monitoring the melt temperature in the induction melting unit and the layer condensation unit;
the control unit is used for controlling the automatic operation of the induction melting unit, the purification unit, the layer condensation unit, the temperature monitoring unit and the vacuum unit;
the vacuum unit is used for providing a vacuum environment for the furnace body.
The utility model discloses in, the control unit mainly can realize following several functions: the device comprises a vacuum unit, an induction melting unit, an electron beam purification unit, a laminar condensation unit, an induction melting crucible, a lifting servo motor, a temperature monitoring unit, a vacuum unit, an induction melting current, an electron beam deflection and focusing control unit, a circulating water flow control unit, an induction melting crucible overturning unit, a laminar condensation unit, a lifting servo motor and a temperature monitoring unit.
The control unit of the utility model can be realized by adopting the conventional automatic control means in the field; for example, the control unit preferably mainly comprises a PLC, an industrial personal computer, an intelligent voltage regulating device, an alternating current servo controller, a servo motor, a direct current stabilized power supply and the like.
In one example, the induction melting unit comprises: the device comprises an induction coil, an induction melting crucible, an induction power supply and a rotating motor; the induction coil is wound on the outer wall of the induction melting crucible, the induction coil is connected with the induction power supply, and the rotating motor is arranged at the bottom of the induction melting crucible and used for controlling the induction melting crucible to turn over.
The utility model discloses in, the unit is smelted in the response can realize that the response is smelted the crucible and overturn through rotating electrical machines, guarantees the casting in-process to the control of speed, guarantees the stability and the controllability of casting process.
In one example, the electron beam purification unit is disposed above the layering unit, and comprises an electron gun disposed within the furnace body for emitting an electron beam;
the device also comprises an electron gun vacuum component, wherein the electron gun vacuum component is connected with the electron gun and used for vacuumizing the electron gun.
The utility model discloses in, electron beam purification unit mainly condenses the water-cooling copper crucible top electron gun of unit through the layer and realizes, adjusts electron gun power, scanning orbit and casting speed under the high vacuum condition and makes the molten bath keep at higher temperature, and the fuse-element fully takes place to degas and the decomposition of impurity and volatilize under the environment of high temperature high vacuum, realizes that the alloy fuse-element further purifies.
In one example, the stratification unit comprises a water-cooled copper crucible, a water-cooled copper crucible support table and a servo motor; the water-cooled copper crucible is arranged on the water-cooled copper crucible supporting table, and the servo motor is arranged at the lower part of the water-cooled copper crucible supporting table and is used for controlling the water-cooled copper crucible supporting table to move up and down along the vertical direction; the water-cooled copper crucible is used for cooling the entering melt.
The utility model discloses in, the layer congeals the molten bath in the electron beam heating water-cooling copper crucible that the unit was launched through the electron gun of electron beam purification unit, water-cooling copper crucible cooling to the crucible continuous casting feed supplement is smelted in the response of unit is smelted in the response, forms the stratum basale and solidifies.
In one example, be provided with the water inlet on the bottom outer wall of water-cooling copper crucible, be provided with the delivery port on the upper portion lateral wall, the water inlet communicates with the inlet channel, the delivery port communicates with outlet pipe way, be provided with water pressure sensor on the inlet channel, be provided with temperature sensor and hot type flow switch on the outlet pipe way.
The utility model discloses in, the water-cooling copper crucible is the utility model discloses realize the important part that the layer congeals among the device, water-cooling copper crucible can follow vertical direction up-and-down motion, and the cooling water circulation in the water-cooling copper crucible is upwards flowed by the bottom, can take away a large amount of heats of water-cooling copper crucible wall, and cooling efficiency is high.
The water cooling system water return path of the water-cooled copper crucible is provided with a temperature sensor and a thermal flow switch, a total water inlet path is provided with a water pressure sensor, when the water amount is too low, the water pressure is under-voltage and over-voltage, and the water temperature is over-temperature, an alarm is given, and meanwhile, the power output of the electron beam induced layer condensation device for preparing the hard-deformation high-temperature alloy is cut off.
In one example, the temperature monitoring unit is arranged at the top of the furnace body and comprises an infrared imager and a mechanical transmission part, and the mechanical transmission part is connected with the infrared imager and used for controlling the infrared imager to perform swinging motion so as to monitor the melt temperature in the induction melting unit and the layer solidifying unit.
The utility model discloses a temperature monitoring unit can test the response of response smelting unit and smelt the melt temperature in the water-cooling copper crucible of crucible and layer congeals the unit, realizes that the whole field is measured, is observed convenient directly perceived, measurement accuracy is high.
The utility model discloses in, the mechanical transmission part of temperature monitoring unit can adopt the conventional means in this field to realize, for example, mechanical transmission part includes gear motor and rack, gear motor with rack connection adopts gear motor drives the rack and then drives the motion of swaying of infrared imager.
As preferred scheme, the utility model discloses a temperature monitoring unit still includes seal assembly, seal assembly set up in on the infrared image appearance, be used for keeping the infrared image appearance in the motion of swaing with the leakproofness of furnace body.
In one example, the vacuum unit includes a mechanical pump, a booster pump, a diffusion pump, a vacuum tester, a solenoid valve, and a piping member; the pipeline components are arranged on two sides of the furnace body, the electromagnetic valves are arranged on the pipeline components on two sides of the furnace body, and the diffusion pump, the booster pump and the mechanical pump are sequentially arranged on the pipeline component on one side of the furnace body in series; the vacuum tester is disposed on the duct member.
In one example, the diffusion pumps are at least two, and the at least two diffusion pumps are arranged in parallel on the piping member.
In one example, the vacuum tester is plural.
The utility model discloses a vacuum unit mainly realizes smelting, further purification and the effective regulation and control of layer congeals in-process vacuum.
The utility model discloses the device has utilized the induced layer of electron beam to congeal the new thinking of technology regulation and control solidification structure, and the device full play vacuum induction is smelted and is smelted low-cost and high efficiency advantage in the aspect of superalloy smelting, adopts the induced layer of electron beam to congeal simultaneously and combines water-cooling copper crucible to eliminate difficult high temperature alloy ingot casting segregation and thick grain structure.
The device adopts vacuum induction melting high-temperature alloy raw materials, can melt bar materials, massive, scrap-shaped or powdery raw materials, and has obviously improved melting efficiency compared with electron beam melting; the electron beam is mainly used as a heat source for maintaining a condensed surface layer molten pool in the crucible, and the scanning track and power of an electron gun are controlled by applying modern computer technology, electronic technology and automation technology, so that the high-temperature alloy can be further purified; meanwhile, based on the solute solidification segregation theory, the solidification condition of the alloy is changed by utilizing the coordination effect of an electron gun and a water-cooled crucible, the surface layer melt is solidified under the induction of an electron beam and the water-cooled crucible, and the thickness and the solidification speed of the layer solidification layer are regulated and controlled through the processes of circular smelting, refining, pouring, further purification and induced solidification, so that the aims of inhibiting the segregation of alloy elements and controlling the growth of crystal grains are fulfilled. The device breaks through the problems of serious segregation, thick structure and the like caused by a large ingot in the traditional triple smelting technology, solves the problems of homogenization and solidification structure control in the high-temperature alloy smelting process, prepares a high-homogeneity-layer-solidification high-temperature alloy cast ingot which is difficult to deform in the shortest process (single connection), has obviously higher thermoplasticity than alloys prepared by other processes, and provides a new technical route for the low-cost and short-process preparation of a high-temperature alloy turbine disc which is difficult to deform.
The utility model discloses in, the device preparation difficult high temperature alloy process of warping divides three steps, (1) induction melting process: putting raw materials used by the high-temperature alloy into an induction melting crucible wound by an induction coil, electrifying the induction coil in a vacuum environment to generate induced electromotive force to generate vortex in furnace burden, and melting the alloy from a solid state to a liquid state along with the increase of heat to realize a melting process; in addition, because the melt is acted by electromagnetic force in the whole smelting process under the high vacuum environment, automatic stirring can be realized, so that a large amount of gas impurities in the melt can be removed by induction smelting, the components in the melt are uniformly distributed, and the refining effect is realized; (2) and (3) electron beam further purification process: the melted and refined alloy melt is poured into a water-cooled copper crucible, an electron gun arranged above the water-cooled copper crucible is used for emitting electron beams to the melt, the bombardment and the induced solidification of the electron beams can enable impurities to be enriched and decomposed on the surface of the melt, and the purpose of removing the impurity elements and the impurities deeply is achieved, the separation of gas, the volatilization of the impurity elements, the floating, the decomposition and the removal of non-metallic inclusions, the deoxidation reaction of carbon and the like are achieved, compared with other smelting methods, the thermodynamic conditions are superior, the purpose of purifying the high-temperature alloy is further achieved, and the process can break through the removal limit of trace impurity elements and impurities in the existing high-temperature alloy smelting and strengthen the evaporation and removal of the impurity elements such as O, N, S and the like under the effects of high temperature and high vacuum; (3) coating and solidifying process: the electron beam bombardment makes the alloy surface layer in the water-cooled copper crucible in a high-temperature melt state all the time, the bottom in the water-cooled copper crucible solidifies the alloy due to the cooling of circulating water, the solidification structure can generate a layer coating layer under the influence of the volume of the poured melt and the power of an electron gun, and the segregation degree can be controlled within the range of the layer coating layer, so that the homogeneity of the alloy is obviously improved, meanwhile, crystal grains in the layer coating layer are influenced by temperature gradient to form columnar crystal directional growth, the recrystallization behavior in the alloy cogging process is promoted by regulating and controlling the thickness and the size of the layer coating layer, and the thermoplasticity of the difficultly-deformed high-temperature alloy is obviously improved.
The utility model also provides a method for utilize above-mentioned device preparation difficult deformation superalloy, this method includes following step:
(1) vacuumizing the interior of the furnace body by using a vacuum unit, and then smelting and refining the alloy raw material in an induction smelting unit to obtain a melt;
(2) purifying the melt by the electron beam purification unit, and cooling the melt in the layer condensation unit to form a layer condensation structure to obtain a high-temperature alloy cast ingot difficult to deform;
the melt temperature in the induction melting unit and the melt temperature in the layer condensing unit are monitored by a temperature monitoring unit; and the control unit is used for controlling the automatic operation of the induction melting unit, the electron beam purification unit, the layer condensation unit, the temperature monitoring unit and the vacuum unit.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
in the following examples and comparative examples, the compositions of the hard-to-deform superalloy prepared were as follows:
15% of Co, 2% of Ta, 10% of Cr, 3% of Ti, 4% of Al, 2.5% of W, 4.5% of Mo, 3.5% of Nb, 0.5% of V, 0.08% of C, 0.01% of Zr, 0.01% of B and the balance of Ni.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides an electron beam induced solidification apparatus for preparing a refractory superalloy, comprising: a furnace body 1, a control unit (not shown), an induction melting unit, an electron beam purification unit, a layer condensation unit, a temperature monitoring unit and a vacuum unit; the induction melting unit, the purification unit and the layer condensation unit are arranged in the furnace body 1; the induction smelting unit is used for smelting and refining alloy raw materials; the electron beam purification unit is used for purifying the melt 5 obtained after smelting and refining; the layer condensation unit is used for cooling the purified melt and enabling the purified melt to form a layer condensation structure; the temperature monitoring unit is used for monitoring the melt temperature in the induction melting unit and the layer condensation unit; the control unit is used for controlling the automatic operation of the induction melting unit, the purification unit, the layer condensation unit, the temperature monitoring unit and the vacuum unit; the vacuum unit is used for providing a vacuum environment for the furnace body.
Wherein the induction melting unit comprises: an induction coil 12, an induction melting crucible 3, an induction power supply 13 and a rotating motor 9; the induction coil 12 is wound on the outer wall of the induction melting crucible 3, the induction coil 12 is connected with the induction power supply 13, and the rotating motor 9 is arranged at the bottom of the induction melting crucible 3 and used for controlling the induction melting crucible 3 to turn over.
The electron beam purification unit is arranged above the layer condensation unit and comprises an electron gun 2, and the electron gun 2 is arranged in the furnace body 1 and is used for emitting electron beams; the apparatus further comprises an electron gun vacuum unit (not shown) connected to the electron gun 2 for evacuating the electron gun 2.
The layer condensation unit comprises a water-cooled copper crucible 4, a water-cooled copper crucible support table 10 and a servo motor (not shown); the water-cooled copper crucible 4 is arranged on the water-cooled copper crucible supporting table 10, and the servo motor is arranged at the lower part of the water-cooled copper crucible supporting table 10 and used for controlling the water-cooled copper crucible supporting table 10 to move up and down along the vertical direction; the water-cooled copper crucible 4 serves to cool the incoming melt 5. Be provided with water inlet 14 on the bottom outer wall of water-cooling copper crucible 4, be provided with delivery port 15 on the upper portion lateral wall, water inlet 14 and inlet channel intercommunication, delivery port 15 and outlet channel intercommunication, be provided with water pressure sensor (not shown) on the inlet channel, be provided with temperature sensor (not shown) and hot type flow switch (not shown) on the outlet channel.
The temperature monitoring unit is arranged at the top of the furnace body 1 and comprises an infrared imager 11 and a mechanical transmission part (not shown), wherein the mechanical transmission part is connected with the infrared imager 11 and used for controlling the infrared imager 11 to perform swinging motion so as to monitor the melt temperature in the induction melting unit and the layer condensation unit.
The vacuum unit includes a mechanical pump 63, a booster pump 62, a diffusion pump 61, a vacuum tester 19, an electromagnetic valve 7, and a piping member 8; the pipeline components 8 are arranged on both sides of the furnace body 1, the electromagnetic valves 7 are arranged on the pipeline components 8 on both sides of the furnace body, and the diffusion pump 61, the booster pump 62 and the mechanical pump 63 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline component 8 on one side of the furnace body in series; the vacuum tester 19 is disposed on the duct member 8; the number of the diffusion pumps 61 is two, and the two diffusion pumps 61 are arranged on the pipeline component 8 in parallel; the number of the vacuum testers 19 is three.
The method for preparing the alloy with difficult deformation by using the device of the embodiment comprises the following steps: firstly, the materials are mixed according to the components of the high-temperature alloy which is difficult to deform, the raw materials are put into an induction melting crucible 3, and the vacuum degree of a furnace body 1 is pumped to 6 multiplied by 10 by a vacuum unit (a diffusion pump 61, a booster pump 62, a mechanical pump 63, an electromagnetic valve 7 and a pipeline component 8)-3Pa, then starting an induction power supply 13, introducing current into an induction coil 12, melting the raw materials in the induction melting crucible 3 under the action of eddy current, and regulating the temperature of the melt 5 in the induction melting crucible 3 by controlling the current to play a refining role; the melt 5 in the induction melting crucible 3 is cast into the water-cooled copper crucible 4 through a rotating motor 9 of the induction melting unit, and the volume and the casting speed of the cast melt are controlled by the rotating motor 9; the electron gun chamber is evacuated to a vacuum of 5X 10 by an electron gun vacuum unit (not shown)-4PaStarting the electron gun 2, bombarding the melt in the water-cooled copper crucible 4 by using electron beams, and controlling the power and scanning track of the electron gun to achieve the effect of further purification; finally, the flow rate of cooling water in the water-cooled copper crucible 4 is adjusted, and the water-cooled copper crucible 4 is controlled by the water-cooled copper crucible support table 10 to move up and down along the vertical direction, so that a vertical direction temperature gradient is generated in the solidification process of the cast ingot 16 in the water-cooled copper crucible 4, and the solidification of the layer solidification structure 17 is realized under the control of parameters such as the casting speed (100mL/min) and the flow rate of the induction melting crucible 3, the power (180kW) of the electron gun 2, the scanning track (the scanning track is formed by concentric circles from the center of the water-cooled copper crucible to the crucible wall of the water-cooled copper crucible), the cooling of the water-cooled copper crucible 4 (the flow rate of cooling water in the water-cooled copper crucible is 5L/min) and the drawing speed (the drawing speed of the water-cooled copper crucible is 10mm/min), and. The temperature of the melt 5 in the induction melting crucible 3 and the water-cooled copper crucible 4 is monitored by a temperature detection unit (an infrared imager 11) in real time in the preparation process of the hard-deformation high-temperature alloy ingot, and the whole preparation process is completed through the automatic control of an automatic control unit.
The prepared cast ingot 16 is subjected to homogenization treatment by keeping the temperature of 1200 ℃ in a heat treatment furnace for 8h, a sample with the diameter of 10cm multiplied by 15cm is cut from the homogenized cast ingot, and a thermal compression experiment is carried out on a Gleeble3800 thermal simulation testing machine under the compression condition of 1100 ℃/0.1s-1The tester records the stress-strain curve in real time, and the sample after compression is shown in fig. 5, and the stress-strain curve is shown in fig. 7. Obviously, the difficult high temperature alloy ingot casting thermoplasticity that warp of process the utility model discloses device preparation is obviously superior to the ingot casting that traditional method prepared to deformation resistance also obtains certain reduction, also obviously shortens (smelting flow is short, homogenization treatment time is short) to the preparation cycle of ingot casting.
Comparative example
In the comparative example, the cast ingot of the alloy with low deformation resistance is prepared by adopting a traditional smelting method, and the method sequentially carries out vacuum induction smelting, electroslag remelting and vacuum induction consumable refining; cutting a dead head and peeling off the induction melting ingot, and then performing electroslag remelting as an electrode for electroslag remelting to obtain an electroslag remelting ingot; and finally, peeling the cast ingot subjected to electroslag remelting, and refining the cast ingot serving as a vacuum induction consumable refining cast ingot to obtain a final triple smelting cast ingot.
The triple smelting ingot prepared by the traditional method is subjected to heat preservation at 1200 ℃ for 28h for homogenization treatment in a heat treatment furnace, a sample with phi of 10cm multiplied by 15cm is cut from the ingot subjected to homogenization treatment, a thermal compression experiment is carried out on a Gleeble3800 thermal simulation testing machine, and the compression condition is 1100 ℃/0.1s-1The tester records the stress-strain curve in real time, and the sample after compression is shown in fig. 6, and the stress-strain curve is shown in fig. 7. Obviously, the compression sample produces the fracture, passes through the utility model discloses the difficult deformation superalloy ingot casting thermoplasticity of comparative example preparation is poor, and deformation resistance is big, and the preparation cycle of ingot casting is long simultaneously.
While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is intended to be illustrative, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (9)
1. An electron beam induced layer condensation device for preparing a refractory superalloy, comprising: the device comprises a furnace body, a control unit, an induction melting unit, an electron beam purification unit, a layer condensation unit, a temperature monitoring unit and a vacuum unit;
the induction melting unit, the purification unit and the layer condensation unit are arranged in the furnace body;
the induction smelting unit is used for smelting and refining alloy raw materials;
the electron beam purification unit is used for purifying the melt obtained after smelting and refining;
the layer condensation unit is used for cooling the purified melt and enabling the purified melt to form a layer condensation structure;
the temperature monitoring unit is used for monitoring the melt temperature in the induction melting unit and the layer condensation unit;
the control unit is used for controlling the automatic operation of the induction melting unit, the purification unit, the layer condensation unit, the temperature monitoring unit and the vacuum unit;
the vacuum unit is used for providing a vacuum environment for the furnace body.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the induction melting unit comprises: the device comprises an induction coil, an induction melting crucible, an induction power supply and a rotating motor; the induction coil is wound on the outer wall of the induction melting crucible, the induction coil is connected with the induction power supply, and the rotating motor is arranged at the bottom of the induction melting crucible and used for controlling the induction melting crucible to turn over.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electron beam purification unit is disposed above the layering unit and comprises an electron gun disposed within the furnace body for emitting an electron beam;
the device also comprises an electron gun vacuum component, wherein the electron gun vacuum component is connected with the electron gun and used for vacuumizing the electron gun.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the stratification unit comprises a water-cooled copper crucible, a water-cooled copper crucible support table, and a servo motor; the water-cooled copper crucible is arranged on the water-cooled copper crucible supporting table, and the servo motor is arranged at the lower part of the water-cooled copper crucible supporting table and is used for controlling the water-cooled copper crucible supporting table to move up and down along the vertical direction; the water-cooled copper crucible is used for cooling the entering melt.
5. The device of claim 4, wherein a water inlet is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the water-cooled copper crucible, a water outlet is arranged on the side wall of the upper part of the water-cooled copper crucible, the water inlet is communicated with a water inlet pipeline, the water outlet is communicated with a water outlet pipeline, a water pressure sensor is arranged on the water inlet pipeline, and a temperature sensor and a thermal type flow switch are arranged on the water outlet pipeline.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the temperature monitoring unit is disposed on the top of the furnace body and comprises an infrared imager and a mechanical transmission component, and the mechanical transmission component is connected with the infrared imager and used for controlling the infrared imager to perform a swinging motion so as to monitor the melt temperature in the induction melting unit and the layer solidification unit.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the vacuum unit comprises a mechanical pump, a booster pump, a diffusion pump, a vacuum tester, a solenoid valve, and a piping member; the pipeline components are arranged on two sides of the furnace body, the electromagnetic valves are arranged on the pipeline components on two sides of the furnace body, and the diffusion pump, the booster pump and the mechanical pump are sequentially arranged on the pipeline component on one side of the furnace body in series; the vacuum tester is disposed on the duct member.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the diffusion pumps are at least two, the at least two diffusion pumps being disposed in parallel on the piping structure.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the vacuum tester is plural.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111910093A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-10 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Electron beam induced layer condensation device and method for preparing high-temperature alloy difficult to deform |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111910093A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-10 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Electron beam induced layer condensation device and method for preparing high-temperature alloy difficult to deform |
| CN111910093B (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2024-04-09 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Electron beam induced layer condensing device and method for preparing difficult-to-deform superalloy |
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